Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT........................................................................................................................... 2
AIM AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................... 3
METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................... 4
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................... 5
RESEARCH QUESTION ........................................................................................................................... 5
HYPOTHETICAL STATEMENTS ............................................................................................................... 5
DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................................................... 6
WHAT ARE CORAL REEFS? ................................................................................................................ 6
HOW CORALS DO FEED AND GROW? ............................................................................................... 6
TYPES OF CORALS.................................................................................................................................. 7
THREATS TO CORAL REEF.................................................................................................................. 7
HOW TO PROTECT CORAL REEFS .......................................................................................................... 8
IMPORTANCE OF CORAL ....................................................................................................................... 9
Fisheries: ........................................................................................................................................... 9
Coastal protection: ........................................................................................................................... 9
Source of medical advances: ............................................................................................................ 9
Intrinsic value:................................................................................................................................... 9
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................... 10
RECOMMENDATION ........................................................................................................................... 11
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................... 12

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In regard to the completion of this project, I wish to convey my few words of sincere thanks to the
fundamental supporters for their timeless assistance throughout the course of this project.
Without them this project cannot reach this stage so far. They are as follows;

 Firstly, to our heavenly father for everything that he offered me, therefore all glory and
honor I give back to him who sits upon the throne.
 Secondly, to my science teachers, Ellice Mataki for her wonderful guideline on how to do
my write up for this research project.
 Brother Helinda Soqa for been helping me by sharing ideas concerning the research
project.

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 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The main aim behind conducting this research project is to know purposely that;

 How coral reefs are feed and grow.

 Why coral reefs are more importance environment resource.
 How to protect our coral reefs.
 Its use in Solomon Island.

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 METHODOLOGY
The method used to carry out this research project is done by;

Internet
Interviewing and gathering information from the ministry of environment, conservation
and meteorology and
Gathering information from the ministry of fisheries and marine resource.

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 INTRODUCTION
This research is seeking to understand the basic concept of coral reef wide spread throughout the
country. Coral reef is a valuable marine species. It is also important in Solomon Island. People use
coral reef in many difference ways such as lime (for chewing betel nut), house decoration etc….
Coral reef is also a centre of protection and feature for marine lives creature to live in and bread to
reproduce for many generations.

Tropical coral reefs are very productive ecosystems. Not only are do they support enormous
biodiversity; they are also of immense value to humankind

RESEARCH QUESTION

1) What is coral reef?

2) Is corals has its different varieties?
3) How human activities do brings threats to the coral reef?
4) What are the possible ways to protect coral reefs
5) It’s important.

HYPOTHETICAL STATEMENTS

Divers prove that coral reefs was are breading environment of the living creature under sea water.
Coral is also a food and home provider for living creature under water.

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 DISCUSSION
WHAT ARE CORAL REEFS?
When corals are mentioned, most People immediately think about clear, warm tropical seas and
fish-filled reefs. In fact, the stony, shallow water corals—the kind that build reefs —are only
one type of coral. There are also soft corals and deep water corals that live in dark cold
waters.

HOW CORALS DO FEED AND GROW?

Almost all corals are colonial organisms. This means that they are composed of hundreds to
hundreds of thousands of individual animals, called polyps. Each polyp has a stomach that opens at
only one end. This opening, called the mouth, is surrounded by a circle of tentacles.
The polyp uses these tentacles for defence, to capture small animals for food, and to clear away
debris.

Figure 1

SOURCE: http://www.wri.org/wri/reefsatrisk/.

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 TYPES OF CORALS
1. HARD CORALS (BRAIN OR FAN CORAL) 2 SOFT CORAL (FINE CORAL)

Source: Www. Http visits coral. Com. Au. Source: Www. Http visits coral. Com. Au
Figure 2 F5g44re

Those that equally abundant.

Those that probably associated coral reef.

Both soft and hard types of corals are shared the same body called “THE POLYP”. A polyp is similar
to a very anemor with a tubular body and tentacle around.

THREATS TO CORAL REEF

THESE ARE SOME FACTORS THAT THREAT THE CORAL REEF

 Sewage and fertilizers ran off from the farms, cities or industrial sites are a factor that
contributes to the destruction of the natural coral reef. Nutrient in fertilizer and sewage in
particular nitrogen and phosphorus encourage the growth of algae which grow rapidly in
nutrient in water. When the water around the coral reef becomes rich in nutrient, the
algae take over and kill the coral.

 Many marine life or even plant have stunted by the growth of the nutrient and eventually
affects the number of diversity of fish and reef building corals.

 Another cause of reef destruction is collecting of coral for making lime to chewing betel
nut, this really destroyed.

When these activities happen/practice, it captures fish and reefs are trembled and
resulting in coral breakage.

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 HOW TO PROTECT CORAL REEFS
These are some factors or practised that people should avoid in order for the protection of our
corals.

A solution to the problem is to find research by pay change before enter the marine
park. Tourists are those that help on such areas.
To educates of tourist and tourism operators.
Stop using of dynamite fishing method.
Avoid over harvesting of corals and flowing of poisonous chemical through sea.

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 IMPORTANCE OF CORAL
These are some of the importance of coral reef.

Fisheries:
Coral reefs are vital to the world’s fisheries. They form the nurseries for about a quarter of the
ocean's fish, and thus provide revenue for local communities as well as national and international
fishing fleets. An estimated one billion people have some dependence on coral reefs for food and
income from fishing. If properly managed, reefs can yield around 15 tons of fish and other seafood
per square kilometre each year.

Coastal protection:
Coral reefs break the power of the waves during storms, hurricanes, typhoons, and even tsunamis.
By helping to prevent coastal erosion, flooding, and loss of property on the shore, the reefs save
billions of dollars each year in terms of reduced insurance and reconstruction costs and reduced
need to build costly coastal defences - not to mention the reduced human cost of destruction and
displacement.

Source of medical advances:

We can also expect coral reef species to contribute to future medical advances. Already coral reef
organisms are being used in treatments for diseases like cancer and HIV. Just as with tropical
forests, we may continue to find the answers to medical problems in the coral reefs - so long as we
can keep them healthy.

Intrinsic value:
For intricately many coastal societies around the world, coral reefs and their inhabitants are woven
into cultural traditions. For these people - as well as for those who have floated with a mask and
snorkel, immersed themselves in the three dimensional wonderland of a scuba dive, or
experienced these habitats through media and books - a world without coral reefs would be an
infinitely poorer place.

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 CONCLUSION
From all of the factors being mentioned earlier, I can conclude that coral reef has an important
environmental resource under sea water ecosystem. It is also very useful marine place for fish and
other sea living creature to do their breading. Without coral reef, breading can’t happen. Coral is
the source of food and the provider of home for the living creature or animals survive under sea
water. Generally coral was also the source of income, (in terms of fisheries) the coastal protection,
source of the medical advance and intrinsic value.

So therefore the need to care for our coral reefs must be considered in order to maintain and
protect the lives of living creature under sea water. As individuals, it is our responsibility to manage
and protect our coral reefs so that each of the species from marine ecosystem may not go (extinct)
in order for the future generation may continue to see them.

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 RECOMMENDATION
 Schools should conduct more of this reach project in order for student to know to more
about the importance and values of coral reef.

 Ministries that responsible for such marine resources should provide simple information
about coral reef in order for student who will do his/her research would not found difficult
to conduct such research in future.

 Ministries should conduct more awareness about coral reefs for people to have advance
knowledge about these environments.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY
References:
 Barnes, R.D. 1987. Invertebrate Zoology; Fifth Edition. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace
Jovanovich College Publishers. pp. 92-96, 127-134, 149-162.

 Coles, S. 199y6. Corals of Oman: Natural and man-related disturbances to Oman’s corals
and coral reefs. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum’s Web site at
http://www.bishopmuseum.org/research/pbs/Oman-coral-book/

 National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration. 2001. Diseases of
ReebuildingCoralsWebsite.http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/prot_res/PR/coraldiseases.html.

 National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). 2001. NMFS Office of Protected Resources

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