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In The Partial Fulfilment of The Requirements For The Award of The Degree of
In The Partial Fulfilment of The Requirements For The Award of The Degree of
LAB
Submitted
in the partial fulfilment of the requirements for
the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
By
P.SAI VIKAS [16311A0335]
M.SIRIBINDO [16311A0331]
“EFFECTIVEENGLISHCOMMUNICATIONANDSOFTSKILLS"
CERTIFICATE
Internal Guide/Evaluator:
HARIKA
Professor
ECE-Dept.
SEXUAL EXPLOITATION
AND
PROSTITUTION
AND
Abstract
from the international literature on sexual exploitation and prostitution and its
impact on gender equality in relation to the report of the Women’s Rights and
IT IS NOT EASY TO FIND DATA REGARDING THE SCALE OF THE PROSTITUTION MARKET,
BUT ESTIMATIONS
FROM HAVOCSCOPE INDICATED THAT PROSTITUTION REVENUE CAN BE ESTIMATED AROUND
$186.00 BILLION WORLDWIDE. IN GERMANY, THE TRADE UNION VER.DI ESTIMATES IT IS WORTH
€14.5 BILLION PER YEAR NATIONALLY , IN THE NETHERLANDS THE NUMBERS RANGE BETWEEN
€400 AND €600 MILLION, AND IN SPAIN AROUND €18 BILLION PER YEAR.
ACCORDING TO A REPORT PUBLISHED IN 201249, PROSTITUTION
IS A GLOBAL PHENOMENON AND INVOLVES AROUND 40-42 MILLION PEOPLE OF WHICH 90% ARE
DEPENDENT ON A PROCURER. 75% OF THEM ARE BETWEEN 13 AND 25 YEARS OLD50 . THE
MILLIONS OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN FROM DEPRIVED BACKGROUNDS ALL OVER THE WORLD ARE
BOUGHT AND SOLD BY CRIMINAL CIRCLES TO MACRO BROTHELS WHICH CAN EXPLOIT HUNDREDS OF
VICTIMS AT ONCE. HUMAN TRAFFICKING FOR SEXUAL EXPLOITATION IS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE
MOST LUCRATIVE ILLICIT BUSINESSES IN EUROPE, WITH CRIMINAL GROUPS MAKING ABOUT $3
ARE PORNOGRAPHIC WEBSITES AND EVERY MONTH AROUND 72 MILLION INTERNET USERS
WORLDWIDE VISIT PORNOGRAPHIC SITES. THE AVERAGE AGE OF FIRST EXPOSURE TO INTERNET
TRANSNATIONAL MARKET. MEN WHO BUY SEXUAL SERVICES CAN BE CONSIDERED A MINORITY
WITHIN THE TOTAL MALE POPULATION, YET AROUND 30 % OF ALL MEN HAVE PAID FOR SEX AT
SOME POINT IN THEIR LIFE. MEN WHO BUY SEX FROM PROSTITUTES HAVE BEEN FOUND TO SHARE IN
COMMON A HIGHER LIKELIHOOD TO COMMIT SEXUAL COERCIVE ACTS AND VIOLENCE AGAINST
WOMEN. AN INCREASED DEMAND FOR YOUNG WOMEN SELLING SEX HAS BEEN OBSERVED.
2.THEHARMOFPROSTITUTION
.Marginalisationandpoverty
Womeninprostitutionintheso-
calledFirstWorldcountriesaredisproportionatelydrawnfromeconomicallyandraciallymarginalizedw
omenandasignificantproportionofthewomenaredrug-
addicted.Whilesomewomenmayenterprostitutiontopayfortheirown,and,often,apartner’ sorpimp’
sdrughabit,theexperienceleadstoaviciouscircleofdrugandalcoholdependencyinordertonumbtheeff
ectsofprostitutionitself.
Socialstigmatization
Thoseinprostitutioninevitablybecomesocialoutsidersbythefactthattheirownsexualobjectificationist
radedformoney.Itisaformofsocialdeath.Thestigmaandshameofprostitutionforceswomentolivesecr
etseparatelivesthathavetobehiddenandliedabout.
Astudycarriedoutin2007bytheFederalMinistryfoundthat92%ofwomenworkingas
prostitutesandinterviewedforthissurveyhadsufferedsexualharassment,87%
physicalviolenceand59%sexualviolence.41%ofprostituteshadexperienced
violenceinthecontextofperformingsexualservices.Ofthesample,aroundhalfof
theintervieweesshowedsymptomsofdepression,aquarterhadcontemplatedsuicide,
and41%hadtakendrugsinthelastyear.43%oftheprostitutessurveyedhadbeen
sexuallyabusedintheirchildhood.
ThepoliticalgoalsoftheProstitutionAct
focusedon:
improvingthelegalstatusofprostitute
s;
improvingthesocialpositionofprostit
utes;
improvingtheworkingconditionsofp
rostitutes;
reducingcrimerelatedtoprostitution
;
andsupportpeopletogetoutofprostit
ution.
MaininnovationsoftheAct:
Thecontractualrelationshipbetweenclientandprostituteislegalandprostitutes
havetherighttoenforcepaymentsincourts.
Itislegaltoconcludeemploymentcontractsbetweenprostitutesandbrothel
operators.
Byhavinganemploymentcontract,prostitutescangainaccesstothestatutory
socialinsurancesystem(healthinsurance,pensionfunds).
should be noted that it takes place to a greater and lesser extent in all Member
States. Although, as this note shows, women are sexually exploited in a complex
legal, social and political environment, it is however astonishing that the literature
rarely examines the role of law enforcement, i.e. the police. From countries where
prostitution is liberalised it is known that the police tends to complain about their
lack of possibilities to act, while the police is rather accused of violent acts against
women selling sex, mostly in regimes where prostitution is prohibited. For the rest,
academics seem not to be interested so far of how Member States organise the
implementation of the laws against sexual exploitation. While there is a call for a
more victim centred approach, it seems worrying that the Dutch anti-trafficking
rapporteur is afraid that the police might not have the appropriate training and
resource question which might be true for other Member States as well. Again, Liz
policy as to who is responsible. This has led, in many regimes, to unchecked growth
Both create disincentives for the licensed sector to comply with policy goals.”
Finally, it can be said that the Member States implement different prostitution
regimes
which can be sorted according to the abolitionist and regulatory approach opposed
in the