Act 2549 which prohibited payment of wages in non-cash form

RA 1054 which required emergency medical treatment for employees

CA 444 or the Eight Hour Labor Law
CA 103 which created the Court of Industrial Relations (pre-NLRC)
PD 21 which created the NLRC
RA 875 or the Industrial Peace Act/ Magna Carta of Labor
RA 946 Blue Sunday Law
RA 1052 or the Termination Pay Law
9. SIGNIFICANCE OF FOREGOING DECISIONS
Where are labor statutes are based upon or patterned after statutes in foreign jurisdiction, the decisions of high courts in those
jurisdictions… should receive the careful attention of the SC in the application of our own law.
10. RELATED LAWS
10.1. The Civil Code
Labor relations not merely contractual, but must yield to the common good.
Prohibition against involuntary servitude (Art. 1703)
Also contains provisions regarding wages, househelpers and liabilities of employers.
10.2. The Revised Penal Code
Punishes the use of violence or threats by either employer or employee (Art. 289)
10.3. Special Laws
SSS law, GSIS law, Agrarian Reform Law, 13th month Pay Law, etc.
11. INTERNATIONAL ASPECT
On June 15, 1948, the Philippines became a member of the International Labor Organization (ILO), which is the UN specialized
agency which seeks the promotion of social justice and internationally recognized human and labor rights.
The ILO formulates international labor standards in the form of Conventions and Recommendations setting minimum standards
of basic labor rights.
An essential characteristic of ILO is tripartism, that is, it is composed not onl of government representatives but also of
employers’ and workers’ organizations.
11.1. International Commitments
By being an ILO member, the country thereby subscribes t the fundamental principles on which the ILO is based. Also, as an ILO
member, the Philippines imbibes the obligation of the ILO to further programs that will achieve ILO objectives.
11.2. ILO Core Conventions
The eight core conventions are as follows: Forced Labor Convention (1930); Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right
to Organize Convention (1948); Freedom to

Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention (1949); equal remuneration Convention (1951); Abolition of Forced Labor
Convention (1957); Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention (1958); Minimum Age Convention (1973); and Worst
Forms of Child Labor Convention (1999).
11.3. Ratification Generally Needed; Exception
In 1999, the ILO adopted a Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Right at Work concerning an obligation of all ILO
members to respect and promote the fundamental rights even if they have not ratified the conventions.
11.4. Ratified ILO Conventions
As of the end of 2000, the Philippines has ratified thirty ILO Conventions, including significantly, the “core” conventions on
freedom of association, on abolition of forced labor, on abolition of child labor, and on non-discrimination.
A labor law expert asserts that the Philippines can claim with some pride that it belongs to the upper 25% of the ILO members
on the basis of efforts taken to approximate labor standards.
Article 3: DECLARATION OF BASIC POLICY
COMMENTS
1. LABOR LAWS AND SOCIAL-ECONOMIC GOALS
Labor laws are devices for social equity. The may, depending on their provisions, make the rich richer and the poor poorer.
The value of labor laws is in their contribution to national growth in the context of social justice.
The true task of a student of labor law is to examine how those laws hinder or help the attainment of the country’s socio-
economic goals.
2. INTERDEPENDENCE
It should not be deduced that the basic policy is to favor labor to prejudice capital. The plain reality is that both sectors need
each other. They are interdependent- one is inutile without the other.
The better understanding is that the basic policy is to balance or coordinate the rights and interests of both workers and the
employers.

Article 4: CONSTRUCTION IN FAOVR OF LABOR

COMMENTS AND CASES
1. INTERPRETATION AND CONSTRUCTION
1.1. Laborer’s Welfare; Liberal Approach
The working man’s welfare should be the primordial and paramount consideration. The policy is to extend the Decree’s
applicability to a greater number of employees to enable