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    Principle Meaning Synonym/S Site Processes Involved Factors Affecting

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    daven
    1. The document discusses the pharmacokinetic principles of liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and response that govern how drugs move through the body. It defines each principle and lists the processes and factors that influence them. 2. Formulas for adjusting adult drug doses for children are presented, including Fride's Rule for infants under 2 years old, Cowling's Rule, Young's Rule, and Clark's Rule which use age, weight, or other factors to calculate the appropriate dose. 3. Metabolism, the biotransformation of drugs in the body, occurs primarily in the liver and involves two phases: functionalization and conjugation. Many genetic and

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    Principle Meaning Synonym/S Site Processes Involved Factors Affecting

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    daven
    9 views3 pages
    1. The document discusses the pharmacokinetic principles of liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and response that govern how drugs move through the body. It defines each principle and lists the processes and factors that influence them. 2. Formulas for adjusting adult drug doses for children are presented, including Fride's Rule for infants under 2 years old, Cowling's Rule, Young's Rule, and Clark's Rule which use age, weight, or other factors to calculate the appropriate dose. 3. Metabolism, the biotransformation of drugs in the body, occurs primarily in the liver and involves two phases: functionalization and conjugation. Many genetic and

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    Pharmacokinetic Principles

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    1. The document discusses the pharmacokinetic principles of liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and response that govern how drugs move through the body. It defines each principle and lists the processes and factors that influence them. 2. Formulas for adjusting adult drug doses for children are presented, including Fride's Rule for infants under 2 years old, Cowling's Rule, Young's Rule, and Clark's Rule which use age, weight, or other factors to calculate the appropriate dose. 3. Metabolism, the biotransformation of drugs in the body, occurs primarily in the liver and involves two phases: functionalization and conjugation. Many genetic and

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    9 views3 pages

    Principle Meaning Synonym/S Site Processes Involved Factors Affecting

    Uploaded by

    daven
    1. The document discusses the pharmacokinetic principles of liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and response that govern how drugs move through the body. It defines each principle and lists the processes and factors that influence them. 2. Formulas for adjusting adult drug doses for children are presented, including Fride's Rule for infants under 2 years old, Cowling's Rule, Young's Rule, and Clark's Rule which use age, weight, or other factors to calculate the appropriate dose. 3. Metabolism, the biotransformation of drugs in the body, occurs primarily in the liver and involves two phases: functionalization and conjugation. Many genetic and

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    Jasher Dave C.

    Acabal BSPh-3B MWF (3-4 pm) BIOPHARM


    PHARMACOKINETIC PRINCIPLES
    PRINCIPLE MEANING SYNONYM/S DEFINITION SITE PROCESSES INVOLVED FACTORS AFFECTING
    1.Route of absorption
    1.Disintegration 2.Dosage form
    L Liberation Dissolution 1. Release of drug from the dosage
    form.
    Stomach 2.Deaggregation
    3.Dissolution
    3.Solubility of the drug
    4.Drug concentration
    5.GIT environment
    6.Peristalsis
    I- Related to the drug II- Related to GIT
    1.Process of UPTAKE the compound 1.Passive diffusion
    1.Molecular site 1.Peristaltic movement
    A Absorption Absorption
    from the site of administration into
    systemic circulation
    2.Convective transport
    3.Active transport 2.Dosage form 2.Enzymes and Gastric
    3.pH juices
    Intestine 4.Facilitated transport 4. Ionization 3. pH value of Intestine
    2. Transfer of drug across biologic 5.Ion pair transport 5.Polarity 4.Stomach time to relax
    membranes to the target tissues. 6.Endocytosis 6.Solubility
    7.Pinocytosis 7.Antagonistic drugs
    8.Other Diseases state
    1. Circulation of the drugs to the
    different parts of the body.
    1.Protein binding
    D Distribution Circulation 2. The process by which the drugs are Blood stream 1.Blood Flow 2.Depot (Fats storage)
    transported by blood or other body 3.Membrane permeability
    fluids to the site of action. 4.Lipid solubility

    1.The sum of all chemical reaction for 2 Phases of Metabolic processes:


    biotransformation 1.Age
    Of ENDOGENOUS and I-Functionalization (Non- 2.Gender
    EXOGENOUS substances which takes Synthetic) Phase 3.Genetic factor
    M Metabolism Biotransformation place in the living cells.
    Ex: Hydrolysis, Oxidation, and
    4.Diet
    5.Disease
    Or 2. Process by which a drug is Liver Reduction 6.BSA
    ENZYMATICALLY converted or 7.Biochemical individuality
    Detoxification conjugated from its original form to II-Conjugation (Synthetic) 8.Intersubject variation or physiologic variable
    simpler compound. Phase 9.Route and time of administration
    10.Emotional factor
    Ex: Acetylation, Glucoronidation,
    Glutathione, Glutamine, Glycerin ,
    and methylation
    1. Process which a drug is removed
    from the body (unnecessary product 1.Glomerular Filtration
    E Excretion Elimination or waste).
    Kidneys
    2.Tubular reabsorption
    3.Tubular secretion
    1.Creatinine Clearance
    2.Renal Disease
    2. Loss of the drug in the body usually
    inactive metabolites.

    1. Effect or changes brought about by


    the action of the drug either Receptor site 1. Drug receptor interaction by
    R Response Effect biophysical or biochemical. (Cell) mechanism of action. 1.Other Drugs
    Jasher Dave C.Acabal BSPh-3B MWF (3-4 pm) BIOPHARM

    FORMULA: Adjusting the Adult dose into a Child dose

    1. FRIDE’S RULE (Infant up-to 2 year old) 3. YOUNG’S RULE

    Age in month X Adult dose = Age in years___ X Adult dose =


    150 Age in years + 12

    2. COWLING’S RULE 4. CLARK’S RULE

    Age of a child at next Birth day X Adult dose = Weight in pounds X adult dose =

    24 150
    Jasher Dave C.Acabal BSPh-3B MWF (3-4 pm) BIOPHARM

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