3.

0 METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter will explain the principles of action research approaches, procedures and

process of action research which will be used to gear up the research. The purposes of

this chapter are to present the method and strategy to conduct the research and also to

define the scope and limitation of the research design. The research main strategy

adopted was to conduct single case study in two secondary schools with a different

background environment. To find out the results, the main data collection techniques

that will be used are interviews, observation and questionnaires.

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

In this research, the researcher plan to find out whether these three elements which is

environment, excitement and memory improvement can be best taught through art in

two types of school in Selangor state, which is one urban school and one rural school.

The researcher selects two classes from each school to be the respondent of this

research. The researcher conducts well planned art lessons that contains the tree

elements in the two different schools and sees how the lessons develops and reflect in

the different background environment. Meanwhile at each school, the researcher

chooses two classes from form three students. The researcher gives them the

questionnaire and conducts the interview session with groups that have been decided

earlier. This research also included their art teachers as the respondent to find out the

result from the teachers point of view

Action Research Cycle
3.3 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK

For Student
For teacher
3.4 SAMPLE SUBJECT

The researcher chooses respondents from each one of secondary school in urban and

rural area to find out whether these three elements (environments, excitement, improve

memory) can give benefits to student when they been taught through art. Two whole

classes from form three students will be chosen to be the respondent. The researcher

will distribute the questionnaire throughout the class and ask them to answer it. Twenty

respondents will be chosen to answer the questionnaires and ten other respondents will

be chosen for interview session. Ten respondents among teachers in that school also

will be chosen to answer the questionnaires and interview question.

3.5 INSTRUMENT

 Questionnaire

Questionnaire contains the questions about function of art education in school

where the questionnaires that will be used are Closed-ended question. This type

of question does not allow the respondent to use options in responding to the

question or statement, except to the already prepare one.

 Interview session

Interview session was conducted with teacher and student and the interview

questions was constructed to find out whether the three subject which are

environment, excitement, and improve memory, can affect the respondent better

if these subject been taught using art. The question of what they think about the

function of art education also will be answered in this interview session.

  Observation

Throughout the process that takes place in the school, the researcher will

observe any event or reaction that comes out that can be used to develop an

idea for the research. The researcher will observe whether the lessons plan that

have been constructed bring an impact into the classroom and at the same time

point out the possibilities to improve the lessons plan. The questionnaire and the

interview session also been observed to find out any responses to the different

situation.

3.6 LIMITATION

Throughout the research, there are few boundary that limit the study especially when

involve with schools. Some of the limitations are:

- School’s rules where researcher do not allow enter the school while teaching

session takes place.

- Difficult to get feedback/ commitment from respondent.

- Time management is too long and must have to-do-list first.

- Number of respondent is change because respondent move to other school.

- Teacher does not give commitment to researcher.

3.7 DELIMITATION

The delimitations of a study are those characteristics that limit the scope (define the

boundaries) of this research. The delimitations are:

- The research only involve with secondary school where two schools will be

chosen to be the respondent. One rural school and one urban school will be

selected.

- Only two classes will be chosen for each school to be the respondent of the

research to get smaller data and easier to analyze.

- Research target is limited to form three students who studied in the chosen

school which is boys and girls, where these students will sit for PMR.

- The art lessons plan will focus only on the three elements which are

environment, excitement and improve memory.

3.8 DATA COLLECTION

In this research, the researcher will distribute the questionnaire and conduct the

interview to student and teacher. In this interview and questionnaire with teacher, the

researcher want to know either art education can help them in their teaching method

either art education will help them to make their student understand about art and enjoy

in learning process. From students, the researcher wants to know about their feeling in

their class when teacher will use art method in their lesson, and in what ways do art

educations will help them to improve their memory and how education art can give

information about environment. In the observation session, the researcher wants to

observe the students behavior during teaching and learning process.

3.9 DATA ANALYSIS

In this research, it has been decided to use qualitative research. Qualitative research

seeks out the ‘why’, not the ‘how’ of its topic through the analysis of unstructured

information such as interview transcripts, emails, notes, feedback forms, photos and

videos. It doesn’t just rely on statistics or numbers, which are the domain of quantitative

researchers. The types of research design has been used is phenomenology which the

researcher attempts to understand how one or more individuals experience a

phenomenon. Everybody knows about art education. But not everybody knows what the

functions of the art education are and how the functions bring the important roles in

student education. Qualitative research is a good research design to examine what is

the function and how much it affects student life.

- Primary data

This data collect directly from respondents via interview, responses from questionnaire,

and observations.

- Secondary data

Secondary data are minor facts or additional facts that acquired from other sources

such as journal.
APPENDIX A

Questionnaire for students

SECTION A (DEMOGRAPHIC)

Tick (√) the answer or fill in the blank

1) Gender

Male Female

SECTION B (ENVIRONMENT)

2) Do you enjoy doing painting about nature?

Yes, I do

Sometimes

Not really

No, I don’t

3) Did you learn about the nature in your art class?

Yes, and I still remember and know about that topic

Yes, but forgot about that topic

No, but I want to learn about the nature

No, and I don’t want to learn about nature

4) Did you art teacher bring nature into your art class?

Yes, seldom

Yes, sometimes

No, he / she don’t

 5) Did you feel that through art class, you know better what current situation of our
environment is?
Yes
Not sure
No

6) By doing art that involve with nature, do you feels the responsibility to take a good care
of these nature?
Yes, of course

Not sure

Not interested

SECTION C (EXCITEMENT)
7) Did you enjoy your art class?
Yes

Sometimes

Not really

No, I don’t

8) In what kind of task you will excite?

Drawing, coloring, painting

Make handicraft, model

Learn about history of art, element of art

9) Which want did you excite during do the task?

Individual task

Grouping task
 10) Do you enjoy other subjects if your teachers teach that other subjects using art?
Yes

Not really

No

11) Did you feel motivated to learn more if you enjoying your learning in art?
Yes

No

12) Did you feel motivated to learn more if you enjoying your learning in other subjects?
Yes

No

13) Can art bring its excitement into other subjects?

Yes

Not sure

No

SECTION D (IMPROVE MEMORY)

14) Is it hard to memorize facts / notes?
Yes

Sometimes

No

15) Did art subject will help you to memorize what you learn /facts?

Yes

Sometimes

Not really

No
16) Do you think you can understand better and memorize faster if you used any elements
of art?

Yes

Not sure

No

17) Did you use element of art to construct an idea about any topics or subject while you
studying the subject?
Seldom
Sometimes
Never

18) Arts education will helps to improve your memory.

Strongly agree

Agree

Disagree

Strongly disagree
APPENDIX B

Questionnaire for teachers

SECTION A (DEMOGRAPHIC)

Tick (√) the answer or fill in the blank

1) Gender

Male Female

SECTION B (ENVIRONMENT)

2) Do your students enjoy doing painting about nature?

Yes, they do

Sometimes

Not really

No, they don’t

3) Did you teach them about the nature in your art class?

Yes, and they still remember and know about that topic

Yes, but most of them forgot about that topic

No, but I will teach them about the nature

No, and I don’t think so, they want to learn about nature

4) Did you ever use nature as your subject matter in your art class?
Yes, I do

Sometimes
 No, but I will use it

No, I don’t

5) Is it hard to teach your students about environmental awareness through your art class?
Yes, so hardly

Sometimes

No, so easy

6) Do your students give their interest in environment if you teach an art using environment
as subject matter?
Yes

No

7) By teaching art that involve with nature, do you feels the responsibility to take a good
care of these nature?
Yes, of course

Not sure

No

SECTION C (EXCITEMENT)
8) Did art bring excitement into your class?
Yes

No

9) Do your students enjoy learning in art surroundings?

Yes

Sometimes

Not really

No, they don’t

 10) In what kind of task they will excite?

Drawing, coloring, painting

Make handicraft, model

Learn about history of art, element of art

11) Which what they most excite during do the task?

Individual task

Grouping task

12) Should teacher use art to give student a better exciting way of learning?
Yes, of course
No

13) Can art be integrated into other subject for the sake of bringing the excitement into the
subjects?
Yes, of course
No

SECTION D (IMPROVE MEMORY)

14) Did art subject will help you to memorize what you want to teach?

Yes

Sometimes

Not really

No

15) Did you ever use any element of art in other subject to help your student memorize
facts?

Yes, I use it

No, but I will use it

No, and I think so hard to use it

 16) Teach students using art will make the students understand the subject better?
Strongly agree

Agree

Disagree

Strongly disagree

APPENDIX C

Interview (Student)

Improve memory

19)In what ways do art educations help to improve your memory?

_____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

20)Is it easy to memorize any fact when you learn art education?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

Excitement

1) Did you enjoy learning art education?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

2) Do you think your art teacher is fun? Or the art itself is fun?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

Environment

1) How do you know the environment through the art education?

 _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

2) Can you describe how art educations give excitement in your learning
process?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

APPENDIX D

Interview (Teachers)

Improve Memory

17)In what way do art education will helps to improve your student and your
memory?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

18)Do you think art education can help your student memorize fact better?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

Excitement
1) How do you create excitement through art education in your teaching process?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

2) Do you think the excitement of the art education can be implemented in other
subject?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
3) Did you enjoy teaching art education? Why?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

Environment

1) Can you teach about environment through art education? How do you want to
teach?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

2) Do you think that teaching about environment through art education can
improve your student environmental awareness? Why?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________