PH Sinema-E 76

Introduction 1
Description 2
Installing the software 3

SIMATIC NET Configuring/project
engineering 4
Network management
SINEMA E 2006 FAQs and messages 5
Appendix A
Configuration Manual
Release 04/2009
C79000-G8976-C207-04
Legal information
Warning notice system
This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent
damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert
symbol, notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are
graded according to the degree of danger.
DANGER
indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.
WARNING
indicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken.
CAUTION
with a safety alert symbol, indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.
CAUTION
without a safety alert symbol, indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.
NOTICE
indicates that an unintended result or situation can occur if the corresponding information is not taken into
account.
If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will
be used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to
property damage.
Qualified Personnel
The device/system may only be set up and used in conjunction with this documentation. Commissioning and
operation of a device/system may only be performed by qualified personnel. Within the context of the safety notes
in this documentation qualified persons are defined as persons who are authorized to commission, ground and
label devices, systems and circuits in accordance with established safety practices and standards.
Proper use of Siemens products
Note the following:
WARNING
Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical
documentation. If products and components from other manufacturers are used, these must be recommended
or approved by Siemens. Proper transport, storage, installation, assembly, commissioning, operation and
maintenance are required to ensure that the products operate safely and without any problems. The permissible
ambient conditions must be adhered to. The information in the relevant documentation must be observed.
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Disclaimer of Liability
We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software
described. Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, the
information in this publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequent
editions.
Siemens AG Ordernumber: C79000-G8976-C207-04 Copyright © Siemens AG 2009.

Industry Sector Ⓟ 05/2009 Technical data subject to change
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Table of contents
1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 7
1.1 Information on this manual.............................................................................................................7
2 Description................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.1 System requirements and supported devices................................................................................9
3 Installing the software .............................................................................................................................. 11
3.1 SINEMA E installation using the setup wizard.............................................................................11
3.2 Uninstalling SINEMA E ................................................................................................................15
3.3 Installation of the SINEMA E driver (CP 7515 driver not yet installed)........................................16
3.4 Replacing a CP 7515 driver with a SINEMA E driver ..................................................................19
4 Configuring/project engineering ............................................................................................................... 25
4.1 Basic physical principles ..............................................................................................................25
4.1.1 Effects during the propagation of electromagnetic waves ...........................................................25
4.1.2 Frequency ranges ........................................................................................................................27
4.1.3 Calculating in decibels .................................................................................................................27
4.1.4 Antennas ......................................................................................................................................29
4.2 Elements of the user interface .....................................................................................................32
4.2.1 Layout of the program window.....................................................................................................32
4.2.2 The File menu ..............................................................................................................................37
4.2.3 The Edit menu..............................................................................................................................38
4.2.4 The View menu ............................................................................................................................38
4.2.5 The Online menu .........................................................................................................................39
4.2.6 The Tools menu ...........................................................................................................................40
4.2.7 The Window menu .......................................................................................................................41
4.2.8 The Help menu.............................................................................................................................41
4.3 The Sales Wizard.........................................................................................................................42
4.3.1 Creating new project, copying a project.......................................................................................42
4.3.2 Creating new project with the Sales Wizard ................................................................................42
4.4 Modeling the environment............................................................................................................45
4.4.1 Functions of the Modeling Editor .................................................................................................45
4.4.2 The 3D view of the Modeling Editor.............................................................................................47
4.4.3 The birds-eye view.......................................................................................................................48
4.4.4 Modeling the buildings plan .........................................................................................................49
4.4.5 Configuring floors.........................................................................................................................50
4.4.6 Modeling a floor plan....................................................................................................................51
4.4.7 Modeling intermediate ceilings.....................................................................................................53
4.4.8 Modeling cellars ...........................................................................................................................55
4.4.9 Modeling regions..........................................................................................................................57
4.4.10 Creating plant-specific regions with the Material Builder or Region Builder................................58
4.4.11 The Material Builder wizard .........................................................................................................62
4.4.12 The Region Builder wizard...........................................................................................................66
4.4.13 Specifying the simulation area .....................................................................................................74
4.4.14 The overview lists of the plant and the building ...........................................................................75
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Configuration Manual, Release 04/2009, C79000-G8976-C207-04 3
Table of contents
4.5 Creating the required infrastructure ............................................................................................ 77

4.5.1 Manual placement of access points and clients.......................................................................... 77
4.5.2 Autoplacement ............................................................................................................................ 79
4.5.3 Channel optimization................................................................................................................... 83
4.5.4 Selection and alignment of antennas.......................................................................................... 84
4.5.5 Creating third-party components in the catalog browser ............................................................ 87
4.5.6 The overview lists of the profile and the devices ........................................................................ 90
4.5.7 Options for configuring SIMATIC NET WLAN components........................................................ 92
4.5.8 Configuring profiles with SINEMA E ........................................................................................... 93
4.5.9 Configuring access points with SINEMA E ............................................................................... 101
4.5.10 Configuring clients and IWLAN/PB Links PN IO with SINEMA E ............................................. 105
4.6 Simulation.................................................................................................................................. 111
4.6.1 Functions of the simulation view ............................................................................................... 111
4.6.2 Making the settings for the simulation view .............................................................................. 113
4.6.3 Running a simulation................................................................................................................. 115
4.6.4 Displaying the simulation results............................................................................................... 115
4.6.5 Application planning .................................................................................................................. 117
4.6.6 The configuration file Sensitivity.xml......................................................................................... 118
4.7 HSP support.............................................................................................................................. 119
4.7.1 Purpose of HSP support ........................................................................................................... 119
4.7.2 Importing and exporting catalogs.............................................................................................. 119
4.7.3 Update Siemens catalogs ......................................................................................................... 120
4.7.4 Replacing catalogs.................................................................................................................... 121
4.7.5 Deleting catalog entries............................................................................................................. 121
4.8 Loading the configuration data of access points and clients .................................................... 122
4.8.1 Requirements for loading configuration data to a device or to SINEMA E ............................... 122
4.8.2 Preparing for loading configuration data ................................................................................... 123
4.8.3 Layout and functions of the Load to device window ................................................................. 124
4.8.4 Layout and functions of the Load to SINEMA window.............................................................. 131
4.8.5 Updating firmware or configuration files.................................................................................... 136
4.9 Site survey................................................................................................................................. 140
4.9.1 Performing a site survey measurement and the results ........................................................... 140
4.9.2 Functions of the Site Survey Editor........................................................................................... 141
4.9.3 Specifying the site survey settings............................................................................................ 143
4.9.4 Performing a site survey ........................................................................................................... 145
4.9.5 Editing site survey data ............................................................................................................. 147
4.9.6 Displaying the measurement results......................................................................................... 150
4.9.7 Trending Graph ......................................................................................................................... 151
4.10 Reports...................................................................................................................................... 154
4.10.1 Report functions of SINEMA E.................................................................................................. 154
4.10.2 How to create a report............................................................................................................... 154
5 FAQs and messages ............................................................................................................................. 159
5.1 FAQs ......................................................................................................................................... 159
5.1.1 FAQs on operation and general properties of the program ...................................................... 159
5.1.2 FAQs on project engineering and configuration ....................................................................... 160
5.1.3 FAQs on simulation................................................................................................................... 162
5.1.4 FAQs on reports........................................................................................................................ 162
5.1.5 FAQs on loading the configuration............................................................................................ 163
5.1.6 FAQs on site surveys ................................................................................................................ 164
5.2 Messages .................................................................................................................................. 165
5.2.1 Error messages and warnings .................................................................................................. 165
SINEMA E 2006
4 Configuration Manual, Release 04/2009, C79000-G8976-C207-04
Table of contents
A Appendix................................................................................................................................................ 167
A.1 Keyboard commands .................................................................................................................167
A.2 References.................................................................................................................................168
Glossary ................................................................................................................................................ 169
Index...................................................................................................................................................... 173
SINEMA E 2006
Introduction 1
1.1 Information on this manual
Validity of the configuration manual

This manual is valid for the following software:
● SINEMA E 2006 Lean
● SINEMA E 2006 Standard
Some functions can be used only with a license for SINEMA E 2006 Standard. Where this is
the case, it is pointed out in the descriptions.
Content of the document

This configuration manual provides you with all the information you require to work with
SINEMA E:
● Description of SINEMA E
This section outlines the hardware and software prerequisites for SINEMA E and lists the
supported IWLAN communications processors, access points and client modules.
● Installation
Here, you will learn how to install and uninstall SINEMA E.
● Background information on WLAN
The calculation results of SINEMA E depend on the quality of the information provided by
the user. This means that background information on the physical and technical principles
of wireless LAN is essential to be able to make useful input when modeling the
environment. The section Physical principles will provide you with the required
background knowledge.
● Step-by-step description of working with the program
Working with SINEMA E involves a series of individual steps that are described here in
detail:
– You model the environment of your planned WLAN installation with the Modeling
Editor. During this phase, you can also import floor plan drawings.
– You specify the number and location of the WLAN devices. You then set the
parameters for all devices of the project.
– You download the configuration to the WLAN devices. You can also read an existing
configuration into SINEMA E.
– You document all SINEMA E results including calculation results with the SINEMA E
report functions.
As an option, you can simulate and optimize the RF field of your project. If you have a
license for SINEMA E Standard, you can measure the RF field properties of your real system
and use the results for further optimization.
SINEMA E 2006
Introduction
1.1 Information on this manual
Required experience
To be able to put both SINEMA E and this configuration manual to optimum use you should
be familiar with the following topics:
● The basics of operating Ethernet networks
● Wireless LAN technology (frequency ranges and channels, authentication and encryption
methods)
You will find further sources of information in the references section.
SINEMA E 2006
Description 2
2.1 System requirements and supported devices
Software prerequisites
To use its full functionality problem-free, SINEMA E requires the following software:
● Windows XP Service Pack 2, Windows Vista
The available language versions of SINEMA E are German and English.
Hardware prerequisites
The computer on which you install SINEMA E should meet the following minimum
requirements:
● Processor speed 1 GHz
● 512 MB RAM
● Hard disk with 20 MB of free space to install SINEMA E.
You also require enough space for one or more projects. For more detailed information,
refer to the current readme file supplied with the software.
● Monitor resolution 1024 x 768 pixels
Communications processors supported

The online functions Load to Device and Load to SINEMA can be performed with a standard
Ethernet LAN adapter such as the CP 1613 A2.
The online function Region / Material Builder of SINEMA E can be used in conjunction with
the following IWLAN communications processors:
● CP 7515
● Standard WLAN adapter complying with IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g or 802.11h
Other WLAN adapters are listed in the manual.
SINEMA E 2006
Installing the software 3
3.1 SINEMA E installation using the setup wizard
Procedure
Follow the steps outlined below to install SINEMA E on your computer:
1. If the Autorun function is enabled for your CD-ROM drive, Setup will start automatically.
Open the Windows Explorer and double-click on the file name setup.exe in the root
directory of the installation CD or start this program from the Windows menu Start > Run.
2. Select the language for your SINEMA E setup and click Next.
You can change languages again later in the Tools > Language menu. If you change the
language, you will have to restart SINEMA E for the change to take effect.
SINEMA E 2006
Installing the software
3. Read the license agreement and select the option I accept the conditions of this license
agreement, if you want to install the software. Click on the Next button
4. Enter your name and the name of your company and then click on the Next button.
SINEMA E 2006
5. Leave the components preselected for installation as displayed. To use SINEMA E, you
also require the Automation License Manager. If this is not installed, select it. Click on the
Readme button to display more information on this program.
The default installation directory is C:\Programs\Siemens\Sinema E. Click on the Browse
button if you want to change the default. Then click on the Next button to start the
installation.
6. A dialog opens in which you can follow the installation to its completion. Click on the
Finish button to complete the installation and to restart your PC. Select the Windows
menu Start > SIMATIC > SINEMA E to start the installed program.
SINEMA E 2006
Automation License Manager

You handle the SINEMA E license using the Automation License Manager program. When
installation is completed, you will find the documentation for this program in the following
branch of the Windows Start menu:
Start menu > SIMATIC > Documentation
Windows Vista
During installation in Windows Vista, confirm messages for example from user account
control or Windows security with "Continue" or "Install".
If you are using Windows Vista, the site survey driver does not need to be installed because
a preinstalled Vista driver is used.
SINEMA E 2006
3.2 Uninstalling SINEMA E
3.2 Uninstalling SINEMA E
Procedure
Follow the steps below to uninstall SINEMA E:
1. Select the Start > Settings> Control Panel > Add/Remove Programs menu and select the
SINEMA E entry.
2. Click on the Change/Remove button. A dialog box opens in which you have options for
changing the program.
3. Select Remove and click on the Next button.

4. In the dialog prompting you to confirm removal, click OK.
5. Uninstall the Automation License Manager in the same way if no other SIMATIC software
is installed whose license key is managed with this program.
SINEMA E 2006
3.3 Installation of the SINEMA E driver (CP 7515 driver not yet installed)
Driver for Advanced mode

Install the SINEMA E driver if you want to use a SIMATIC NET CP 7515 or other WLAN
adapter with Atheros chipset. You can then use the Advanced mode of the Site Survey
function. This function can only be used with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
In Windows Vista, the Advanced Mode function is also available without installing the
SINEMA E driver.
No WLAN driver installed yet

The steps described below assume that you have not yet installed a driver for the CP 7515
(or compatible adapter with Atheros chipset).
What to do
Follow the steps outlined below to install the SINEMA E driver:
1. When you insert the WLAN adapter, a hardware update wizard starts automatically.
Select the "No, not this time" option button and click "Next".
SINEMA E 2006
2. Select the "Install from a list or specific location (Advanced)" option button and click
"Next".
SINEMA E 2006
3. Select the "Search for the best driver in these locations" option button and the "include
this location in the search:" check box. Click the "browse" button to open a file list box
and select the "Program Files\Siemens\SINEMA E\driver" folder on the installation drive
of SINEMA E. Click "Next".
4. The driver is installed. Completion of the installation is displayed in a dialog box. Click
"Finish" to close the installation.
SINEMA E 2006
3.4 Replacing a CP 7515 driver with a SINEMA E driver
Driver for Advanced mode

Install the SINEMA E driver if you want to use a SIMATIC NET CP 7515 or other WLAN
adapter with Atheros chipset. You can then use the Advanced mode of the Site Survey
function. This function can only be used with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
Replacement for an installed driver

The steps described below assume that you have already installed a driver for the CP 7515
(or compatible adapter with Atheros chipset).
SINEMA E 2006
What to do
Follow the steps outlined below to replace an installed driver with the the SINEMA E driver:
1. Open the "System Properties" dialog with Start > Settings > Control Panel > System.
Open the "Hardware" tab and click the "Device Manager" button. The "Device Manager"
window opens. Double-click on the "Siemens CP 7515 CardBus Wireless Adapter" entry
or the entry for a compatible WLAN adapter.
2. In the Properties page of the WLAN adapter, click on the "Update Driver" button to start
the wizard for the driver update.
SINEMA E 2006
3. Select the "No, not this time" option button and click "Next".
4. Select the "Install from a list or specific location (Advanced)" option button and click
"Next".
SINEMA E 2006
5. Select the "Don't search, I will choose the driver to install" option button and click "Next".
6. Select the "Siemens CP 7515 CardBus Wireless Adapter" entry or the entry for a
compatible WLAN adapter and click "Next".
SINEMA E 2006
7. Click the "browse" button to open a file list box and select the "Program
Files\Siemens\SINEMA E\driver" folder on the installation drive of SINEMA E.
8. Select the "Advanced Mode driver" entry and click "Next".
9. Once the files have been updated, the driver installation is confirmed in a dialog box.
Click "Finish" to close the installation.
SINEMA E 2006
Configuring/project engineering 4
4.1 Basic physical principles
4.1.1 Effects during the propagation of electromagnetic waves
Attenuation
Electromagnetic waves are attenuated as they pass through non-conductive materials (such
as air, concrete or wood). Walls and ceilings always restrict the propagation of
electromagnetic waves. The degree of attenuation depends on the material and the
frequency. The higher the frequency, the greater the attenuation.
Reflections, interference
Electrically conductive materials cannot be penetrated by electromagnetic waves. When
waves meet conductive materials, the main effect is reflection. Not only metal objects (for
example steel doors) but also metallized glass and reinforced concrete therefore have
considerable influence on the propagation of electromagnetic waves.
Reflections cause multipath propagation with several phase-shifted signals arriving at the the
receiver. Interference (waves superimposed) as a result of this phase shift causes differing
degrees of attenuation at the receiver. Antenna diversity is a strategy to combat this effect: A
node is equipped with two or more antennas and the antenna with the strongest signal is
used for reception. All SIMATIC NET SCALANCE W7xx devices support antenna diversity.
Note
RF field and antenna diversity
With antenna diversity, only one antenna is used to transmit at any one time. The two
antennas must therefore illuminate the same area. If an area is illuminated by only one of the
two antennas, there will at times be no RF field there.
Polarization
In electromagnetic waves, the electric and magnetic field lines are perpendicular to the
direction of propagation (transverse waves). Polarization specifies the plane in which the
waves of the electrical field exist. With linear, vertical polarization, the electrical field lines are
in a plane that that is perpendicular to the earth's surface while the magnetic field lines are in
a plane parallel to the earth' surface. To achieve the best possible data transmission, the
transmitter and receiver should have the same polarization.
The antennas supplied with a SCALANCE W7xx (ANT795-4MR) are vertically polarized
antennas. You should therefore ideally mount these antennas in a perpendicular position.
SINEMA E 2006
Configuring/project engineering
Reflection can cause the polarization to change resulting in a reduction in the quality of the
data transmission. Circular polarization antennas do not have a fixed polarization, with these
antennas, the polarization rotates around the direction of propagation.
Transmit power
The maximum permitted transmit power of WLAN components is subject to country-specific
regulations. The deliberate reduction of transmit power can, however, also be advantageous
for technical reasons:
● Reduction of reflections
In an environment with many reflecting surfaces, a reduction of transmit power also
reduces multipath propagation and improves transmission quality.
● Security considerations
Reducing the transmit power reduces the cell size.
● Limiting cell size
This leaves reserves for future expansions and it is possible to set up redundancy.
The transmit power is normally specified in EIRP (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power) in the
unit watts. EIRP specifies the input power for an isotropic radiator that emits the same power
in all directions like a directional antenna in its main radiating direction.
For a list of the channel-dependent transmit power sorted according to country, refer to /7/.
Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
When electromagnetic waves are used to transfer data, a disturbance signal from the same
source (noise signal) as well as reflections of the desired signals or other sources
(interference) is superposed on the desired signal. The signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
(SINR) is the logarithmic relationship between the power of the desired signal and the power
of the interference-plus-noise signal:
SINR = 10 log (power of desired signal / power of interference plus noise signal)
Data transmission is possible only when the desired signal is received adequately strongly
compared with the interference plus noise signal. The following values can be taken as
guidelines:
SINR Quality of reception

≥ 30 dB Very good
20 dB ≤ SINR < 30 dB Good to satisfactory
10 dB ≤ SINR < 20 dB Adequate to poor
< 10 dB No reception
SINEMA E 2006
4.1.2 Frequency ranges
IEEE 802.11
The IEEE 802.11 standard specifies several standards in particular relating to the frequency
bands used:
Standard Frequency Channels

IEEE 802.11a 5.15 - 5.825 GHz Country-specific, up to 19, nonoverlapping
IEEE 802.11b 2.4 - 2.4835 GHz Country-specific, up to 14, maximum 3
nonoverlapping
IEEE 802.11g 2.4 - 2.4835 GHz Country-specific, up to 14, maximum 3
nonoverlapping
IEEE 802.11h 4.92 - 5.825 GHz Country-specific, up to 19, nonoverlapping
2.400 - 2.4835
f/GHz
2.400 2.425 2.450 2.475 2.500
f/GHz
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10
5.25 - 5.35 5.725 - 5.825

4.92 - 5.25 5.47 - 5.725
f/GHz
4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9
Figure 4-1 Frequency bands for 2.4 and 5 GHz
The division of the frequency bands into radio channels is regulated worldwide. The
authorization of individual channels of groups of channels and the maximum permitted
transmit power is regulated by the individual countries.
In SINEMA E, you need to specify which local regulations governing usage are relevant to
the specific project. You specify this when you create a project by setting the Deployment
country parameter in the Project Properties… window. This setting can be changed again
later for the project.
For a list of the channel-dependent transmit power sorted according to country, refer to /7/.
4.1.3 Calculating in decibels
The decibel as a logarithmic unit of measurement

In wireless technology, power is normally expressed in decibels (dB). The decibel is a
logarithmic unit used to describe a ratio. This might, for example, be a transmit power
SINEMA E 2006
compared with another power used as a reference value to obtain a ratio. Mathematically,
this can be represented by the following equation:
Decibel value = 10 * log (ratio)
A sample calculation results in the following decibel values:
Ratio Decibel value

0,1 -10 dB
0,5 -3 dB
1 0 dB
2 3 dB
10 10 dB
As the example illustrates, halving a value reduces the decibel value by 3 dB. Doubling the
ratio increases the decibel value by 3 dB. This is true regardless of the selected reference
value since only the ratio counts. The reference value used can be identified by the
additional letters or numbers appended to dB. In acoustics, for example, the reference value
for a value in dB(A) is the limit of sensitivity of the human ear.
In contrast to the power specifications, relationships between voltage levels are calculated
according to
dB = 20 * log (ratio), since P ≈ U2.
Power expressed in dBm

A commonly used reference value in RF engineering is a power of 1 mW. This means that
power can be specified in the decibel milliwatt unit (dBm). The following conversion
equations are used:
P [dBm] = 10 * log (P [mW] / 1 mW)
This results in the following power specifications in dBm:
Power in mW Power in dBm

0.1 mW -10 dBm
0.5 mW -3 dBm
1 mW 0 dBm
2 mW 3 dBm
10 mW 10 dBm
100 mW 20 dBm
1W 30 dBm
Increasing the power by a factor of 10 means an increase in the decibel value by 10 dBm.
Working in dB makes it very easy to calculate gain and attenuation. To calculate for an entire
system, the individual logarithmic values for gain and attenuation must simply be added.
SINEMA E 2006
Power expressed in dBi

If power is specified in dBi, the reference value is the transmit power of a isotropic radiator.
Such an antenna is purely hypothetical and radiates energy from a central point uniformly in
all directions.
From the directional radiation of a real antenna, a dBi value is obtained known as the
antenna gain. This term is misleading in as far as no energy is gained by an antenna in the
physical sense. The higher radiation of a passive antenna results solely from the
concentration of radiation in a certain direction. In other spatial segments, there is
accordingly less power.
4.1.4 Antennas
Principles and properties

The function of an antenna is to convert electrical current into electromagnetic waves. There
are two interrelated properties that are essential for antennas.
● Radiation characteristics
The radiation characteristics describe the directivity of an antenna. There are three
possibilities:
– Omnidirectional
In this case, the antenna radiates uniformly in all directions in one plane (horizontal or
vertical, depending on the alignment of the antenna).
– Directional
These antennas radiate electromagnetic waves with greater intensity in one direction.
The field strength is lower in all other directions. The directivity is decided by the
beamwidth. This is the angle between the two directions at which half of the maximum
radiated power is available. However, even in antennas with a very small beamwidth,
still slight radiation in a direction opposite to the desired direction cannot be avoided
(known as the back lobe in the antenna pattern).
– RCoax cable
Due to the slots (openings) in the outer conductor of the RCoax high-frequency cable,
a defined cone-shaped RF field forms along the cable.
● Antenna gain
The antenna gain is a measure of the directivity of an antenna. This parameter is
calculated by comparing the maximum radiated power of the antenna with the power of
an isotropic radiator. The antenna gain G is calculated in dBi according to the following
formula:
G = 10 * log (max. power density antenna / max. power density isotropic radiator)
The standard antenna ANT795-4MR/-6MR has a frequency-dependent antenna gain
between 3 dBi and 3.5 dBi, the directional antenna ANT793-8DR provides an antenna
gain of 10 dBi to 14 dBi.
Antenna pattern
The radiation characteristics are represented by antenna patterns. These patterns represent
the transmit power of the antenna in the horizontal and vertical plane depending on the
SINEMA E 2006
direction of propagation. The pattern is represented by polar coordinates and the maximum
power is specified as 0 dB.
Example: Omnidirectional antenna

As an example of an omnidirectional antenna, we will briefly describe a half-wave dipole.
This type of antenna is also the basis for other designs. The length of the antenna
corresponds to half the wavelength of the frequency being used. The radiation pattern of a
half-wave dipole is a torus or doughnut shape with zero inner diameter. As a result, this
antenna already has horizontal directivity without any particular direction in the horizontal
plane. The horizontal antenna pattern is therefore a circle. There is no radiation at all along
the axis of the dipole. The vertical antenna pattern results from cutting the torus through a
vertical plane that contains the dipole.
Figure 4-2 Derivation of the horizontal (H) and vertical (V) antenna pattern for a vertically aligned
half-wave dipole. To illustrate the situation, the front quarter of the radiation pattern has
been cut out; the cut surfaces are shown in gray.
SINEMA E 2006
Example: Omnidirectional antenna ANT795-6MR

With the ANT795-6MR antenna type, there is no direction in which radiated energy is
focused in the horizontal plane. In the vertical plane, the radiation characteristics are also
similar to those of the half-wave dipole. There are however side lobes around the vertical
axis in which energy is also radiated. The term side lobe was derived from the antenna
pattern, seen spatially, they are funnel-shaped.
H 90
V 90
120 60 120 60
150 30 150 30
180 0 180 0
210 330 210 330
240 300 240 300

270 270
Figure 4-3 Horizontal (H) and vertical (V) antenna pattern of the omnidirectional antenna ANT795-
6MR
SINEMA E 2006
4.2 Elements of the user interface
4.2.1 Layout of the program window
Structure of the user interface

The user interface of SINEMA E is divided into eight areas that provide different functions.
A
H
G B
F
C
D
The user interface of SINEMA E:
A: Work area with various views
B: Catalog with devices and tools
C: Properties
D: Output window for system messages and statistical data
E: 3-D view
F: Birds-eye view
G: Navigator
H: Toolbar
Note
Language-dependent decimal separator
The representation of numbers with decimal separators does not depend on the language
setting made in SINEMA E, but on the language setting of the operating system. When using
numbers with a decimal separator, use the separator that matches the language setting of
the operating system. Using the wrong decimal separator causes incorrect calculation
results.
SINEMA E 2006
A: Work area
The work area is part of the program window in which you model the constructional
environment of your WLAN and in which SINEMA E displays the results of the calculations.
Depending on the task to be performed, the following tabs appear at the top edge of the
work area with which you can fetch the corresponding window to the foreground.
● Modeling Editor
You can import a floor plan as a background image, draw the floor plan of your building
and place WLAN components in it.
● Simulation
In this window, SINEMA E displays the simulated signal strength, the data rate, the
signal-to-noise ratio etc.
● Device Editor
In this window, you can make entries to configure profiles and assign parameters to
WLAN devices.
● Overview lists
SINEMA E provides an overview of the components in the project in four lists: The plant
overview, the building overview, the profile overview and the device overview. You open
the lists from the List context menu of the relevant branch in the navigator.
● Options
Here, you set the color options for simulation, configure the reports and select the
network adapter of your computer for communication with online devices (access points
and clients).
● Load to Device / Load to SINEMA
Here, you see the devices that are accessible for loading configuration data and you can
load configuration data to the devices or from the devices to SINEMA.
Note
Initially, only one of these windows is displayed in the work area. When necessary, you
can also arrange the windows so that they overlap or are shown one beside the other. To
arrange the windows, drag the tab to the top, bottom, left or right edge of the work area
while holding down the mouse button. When the mouse pointer touches the edge of the
work area, a gray frame indicates the new position of the window. When you release the
mouse button, the window is repositioned. If you want to restore the initial arrangement,
drag all the tabs onto each other.
B: Catalog with devices and tools

Here, you will find everything you require to model the environment of your IWLAN. Access
points, obstacles (walls), materials, and predefined areas. The catalog and the properties
window are opened along with the Modeling Editor.
If the task card was closed, you can open it again by clicking on the Show task card
button in the toolbar of the work area, by double-clicking on the structure you are currently
editing (building, floor etc.) in the physical view of the navigator or using the Modeling Editor
button in the toolbar of SINEMA E. As an alternative, you can also open it using the View >
Modeling Editor menu command if you have selected a structure in the navigator.
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C: Properties
Here, you will see additional information depending on the content of the work area: If the
work area is displaying the Modeling Editor, the Properties window displays information on
the currently selected element. The material and the geometric properties are displayed, for
example, for an obstacle.
At the start of a simulation, the color legend is displayed here. If the Device Editor is open,
the properties window is not visible.
D: Output window for system messages and statistical data

The output window, for example, displays information on validation or errors during
simulation. If the Site Survey Editor is open, this window displays the individual
measurements in the form of tables.
E: 3-D view
This window shows a three-dimensional representation of the Modeling Editor. The 3D view
is intended to improve orientation in complex systems.
F: Birds-eye view
The birds-eye view provides a complete view of the working area and simplifies navigation
when the user has zoomed in closely on the working area.
D: Navigator
The Navigator contains all elements of the WLAN network and provides two views:
● The physical view
shows the construction features (building, floor etc.).
● The logical view
assigns devices to a parameter assignment profile. With dual access points, for example,
two entries are shown here, one per WLAN interface.
Figure 4-4 The navigator

On the left the physical view, on the right the logical view
SINEMA E 2006
You can swap over between these two views by clicking the appropriate button in the toolbar
of the navigator.
By double-clicking on a branch in the navigator, you select an element for editing:
● In the physical view:
– Plant
The Modeling Editor opens in the work area and you can model building features. A
building represented by a rectangle is created automatically. You can create further
buildings and change their sizes and positions.
– Building
The Modeling Editor opens in the work area with the view of the floors of the selected
building. When you start modeling, one floor already exists for each building.
– Floor
The Modeling Editor opens in the work area and you can configure the selected floor.
– Devices
The Device Editor opens in the work area and you can configure the selected WLAN
device.
– Site survey data
The Modeling Editor opens in the work area to allow configuration of the floor and a
statistical table is calculated.
● In the logical view:
– Profile
The Parameter Editor opens in the work area and you can configure the selected
profile. Profiles group WLAN devices together that have at least some configuration
parameters in common.
– Devices
The Device Editor opens in the work area and you can configure the selected WLAN
device.
The names of the elements in the navigator can be changed. Right-click to open the context
menu of the selected element and then select "Rename". Alternatively, you can select the
element and press F2.
H: Toolbar
The toolbar allows quick access to commonly used menu commands. The buttons have the
following functions:
Button Function
Creates a new project.
Opens an existing project.
Saves the current project.
Closes the current project.
Creates a report.
Opens the tab for loading to device in the work area.
Opens the tab for loading to SINEMA in the work area.
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Button Function
Opens the tab for uploading the firmware or the configuration in the work area.
Opens the window with the project properties.

Cuts an object in the navigator or Modeling Editor.
Copies an object in the navigator or Modeling Editor.
Pastes an object in the navigator or Modeling Editor.
Displays the navigator.
Opens the Modeling Editor with the modeling tools and the properties window in the
work area.
Starts simulation depending on the selection in the navigator.
Starts the autoplacement function.
The autoplacement function can only be used with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
Starts channel optimization.
Opens the Site Survey Editor
The Site Survey function can only be used with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
Starts the trial mode. The current status of the project is frozen. If you make changes
but decide against including them in the project, you can return to the status of the
project prior to starting the mode.
Discards all changes made since starting the trial mode The trial mode remains
active.
Adopts any changes made and exits the trial mode.
Discards any changes made and exits the trial mode.
Opens the pages for setting the program options in the work area.
Starts the Catalog Browser.
Stops the simulation calculation.
The toolbar is controlled by the context. In other words, what is selected in the navigator
influences the buttons available to you.
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4.2.2 The File menu
Working with project files

The File menu contains all the commands for working with files that can contain both project
data and reports.
Menu command Function

New Project... Creates a new project. In the Project Properties dialog box
that opens, you enter the project name, the deployment
country and the unit of measurement. As options, you can
also enter the storage location of the project file and
general information on the company, plant name, contact
person and comments.
Open Project... Opens an existing project that you can then edit. SINEMA E
project files have the file name extension .nmp.
Save Project... Saves the current data of the project. The existing file for
the project is updated.
Save Project As... Opens a file selection dialog and allows you to save the
current data of the project.
Save Copy Of Project As... Saves the current data of the project in an additional project
file.
The previously opened project remains open and is not
saved. You continue working with this project.
Close Project... Closes the project. If you have not saved changes, a dialog
box opens giving you the option of saving.
Delete Project... Deletes the currently open project.
Sales Wizard... Creates a report with the ordering data of the access point
for an initial sales offer and creates a new project.
Page Setup... Opens the Report Settings tab in the work area. Here, you
specify the information to be included in reports.
Create Report... Creates a report on the current project that is saved as an
HTML file in the Report subdirectory of the project directory.
You specify the scope of the report with the Page Setup
menu command.
Recent Reports... Displays a list of previously created reports.
Project Properties... Opens the Project Properties dialog box in which you can
enter general information on the project.
You can only make the settings for the deployment country,
the measurement unit and directory for the project data
while you are creating the project. These three text boxes
can then no longer be written to.
Recent Projects... Displays a list with projects that were opened previously.
Exit... Exits SINEMA E. If you have not saved changes, a dialog
box opens giving you the option of saving.
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4.2.3 The Edit menu
Editing objects for the project configuration

With the Edit menu, you can edit and create objects in the Modeling Editor.
The following menu commands are available for editing:

Cut... Cuts an object that you selected earlier in the navigator or
in the Modeling Editor.
Copy... Copies an object selected in the navigator or in the
Modeling Editor and places it on the clipboard.
Paste... Inserts the object you cut or copied from the clipboard.
You first select the destination in the navigator or Modeling
Editor and then paste.
Add Building... Inserts a building at the bottom left in the Modeling Editor.
This menu is enabled only if the Plant entry is selected in
the navigator. Several buildings inserted one after the other
are placed at the same point in the 2D and 3D views.
Add Floor... Inserts a floor. This menu is enabled only if the entry for a
building is selected in the navigator.
Add Profile... Inserts a profile. This menu is enabled only if the logical
view is active in the navigator and the Profile entry is
selected.
Note
Building, floors and devices can only be added in the physical view, profiles can only be
added in the logical view.
4.2.4 The View menu
Customizing the user interface

The commands of the View menu open the various SINEMA E windows and editors.
You have the following options available to you:

Navigator... Displays the navigator.
Modeling Editor... Opens the Modeling Editor with the modeling tools and the
properties window in the work area for the object selected
in the physical view of the navigator.
SINEMA E 2006

Simulation... Runs the simulation and opens the Simulation Editor in the
work area.
Site Survey... Creates a new site survey and opens the Site Survey
Editor. The Site Survey function can only be used with a
license for SINEMA E Standard.
4.2.5 The Online menu
Transfer of configuration data

The Online menu contains commands for data exchange with devices (configuration data,
certificates). You have the following menu commands available to you:

Load to SINEMA... Opens the Load to SINEMA tab in the work area. Here, you
read configuration data from the devices and display it in
SINEMA:
Load to Device... Opens the Load to Device tab in the work area. Here, you
transfer configuration data to devices.
The commands listed below open the Load to Device tab with the corresponding
preselection in the drop-down list box of this tab:

Restore Last Configuration... Reverses the last transfer of configuration data.
Restore Backup... Restores a backup configuration in an online device.
Ping... Checks whether or not a node can be reached. This
function is available only with administrator privileges.
Reset... Resets a device to the factory settings.
Initial Setup... Assigns an IP address to a device.
With the following command, you update the firmware or the configuration files of
SCALANCE X3xx/X4xx devices available in the network:

Update Firmware / Configuration Updates the configuration file or firmware file of reachable
components.
SINEMA E 2006
4.2.6 The Tools menu
Functions and tools

Here, you can activate the commands for the trial mode, make program settings and open
the Catalog Browser and builder wizard.
You have the following menu commands available to you:

Start Channel Optimization... Starts channel optimization.
Start Auto Placement... Starts the autoplacement function.
Start Trial Mode... Starts the trial mode. The current status of the project is
frozen. If you make changes but decide against including
them in the project, you can return to the status of the
project prior to starting the mode.
Restart Trial Mode... Discards all changes made since starting the trial mode The
trial mode remains active.
Accept and Stop Trial Mode... Changes are adopted and you exit the trial mode.
Discard and Stop Trial Mode... Changes are discarded and you exit the trial mode.
Language... Here, you set the language for the SINEMA E user
interface. You can choose between German and English.
If you change the language, you will have to restart
SINEMA E for the change to take effect.
Decimal point: The representation of numbers with a
decimal comma or decimal point depends on the language
setting of the operating system and not on SINEMA E.
Options... Opens the Options Editor in the work area.
Catalog Browser... Opens the Catalog Browser containing the configurable
components.
Update Siemens Provided Catalog... Updates the catalog file. In the file list box, open the new
file with which you want to update the Siemens catalog.
Update Regulation File Updates the regulation file. In the file selection dialog, open
the new file you want to use for the update.
The regulation file contains regulations for specific countries
and restrictions regarding the use of devices.
Material Builder... Opens the Material Builder wizard that supports you when
configuring a new project and dimensioning an undefined
obstacle.
The Builder wizard creates an undefined obstacle and an
access point in a new project.
Region Builder... Opens the Builder wizard that supports you when
configuring a new project and dimensioning an undefined
region.
The Builder wizard creates an undefined region and an
access point in a new project.
SINEMA E 2006
4.2.7 The Window menu
Changing between program windows

With the commands in this menu, you open and close windows in SINEMA E.
You have the following menu commands available to you:

Close All Windows... Closes all windows open in SINEMA E.
[List of Open Windows...] Displays the list of windows open in SINEMA E.
If you click on an element in the list, the corresponding
window appears in the work area.
4.2.8 The Help menu
Program and system information

Here, you open the online help and display information on the program.

Contents... Opens the online help. You can also display context-
sensitive help by pressing the F1 key.
Info... Opens a window with information on the version and date of
the software.
Open Example Project... Opens a sample project with background pictures, modeled
walls and devices.
SINEMA E 2006
4.3 The Sales Wizard
4.3.1 Creating new project, copying a project

With SINEMA E, you can create a new project in two ways:
● Using the File > Sales Wizard menu command
The Sales Wizard creates a new project with a simple configuration based on a few user
entries. The new project can then be modified and expanded. The Sales Wizard is
intended to identify the required access points quickly and to provide the corresponding
ordering data, for example when putting together an offer.
● Using the File > New Project menu command
This opens the Properties Project dialog box in which you specify the project name, name
and directory of the project file, the deployment country and the measurement unit along
with general information and comments on the new project. The newly created project is
empty.
A new project is created in the file directory in <local drive> \ Documents and Settings \
<current user> \ sinema.
When you create a new project, a file of the type <project name>.nmp and an empty folder
with the same name as the project are created. Data for images, reports etc. will later be
stored in this folder.
Note
If you copy or move a project, you must also remember to copy the folder with the same
name as the project as well as the project file of the type <project name>.nmp.
4.3.2 Creating new project with the Sales Wizard
Simple creation of an offer with the Sales Wizard

The Sales Wizard is a simple tool with which you can obtain an initial estimation of a WLAN
installation based on a limited amount of information. This SINEMA E functionality is
intended, in particular, for fast creation of an offer. The Sales Wizard creates a new project
that illustrates the functions of SINEMA E.
How the Sales Wizard calculates

The Sales Wizard uses a series of fixed settings and a limited number of freely selectable
parameters to create a project with a basic configuration.
The Sales Wizard is based on the following assumptions and settings:
● A single building with one floor is created.
● The floor height does not influence the position and number of clients.
● The environment is indoors under standard WLAN conditions.
SINEMA E 2006
● A homogenous distribution of clients is assumed.

● Only single access points are used (SCALANCE W788-1PRO or -1RR).
● The 2.4 GHz frequency band is used in the 802.11b and 802.11g mode.
● The antennas used are omnidirectional.
● The access points transmit at maximum power.
The number of access points and the maximum possible clients are calculated automatically
by the program and displayed. The position shown is not necessarily the ideal installation
location. To achieve the best possible positioning, simulation with more precise data is
necessary.
How to work with the Sales Wizard

To open the Sales Wizard, click on the File > Sales Wizard.. menu command. The Sales
Wizard dialog box opens with the two pages General Project Data and Floor data (this also
contains information on the access points). You can change from one page to the other with
the Next and Previous buttons.
Rows marked by a red exclamation point contain invalid values that you will need to correct.
If you place the cursor on the red exclamation points, a comment explaining the permitted
entries is displayed.
The following data is configured on the pages of the Sales Wizard:
● General Project Data
Here, you specify the following:
– Project name
SINEMA E adds the date and time to the name you enter.
– Deployment country
Select the deployment country for the new project from the drop-down list. The
country-specific regulations are then taken into account in the calculation.
– Measurement unit
Select the measurement unit for any lengths used in the project from the drop-down
list box.
– Plant name
– Company
– Contact person
Once you have completed all the necessary entries, click Next.
● Floor data
In this box, you specify the dimensions for the floor of the building:
– Length(10 to 600 m)
– Width(10 to 300 m)
– Height (4 to 20 m)
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● Access point / Client

Make the following settings in the box:
– Coverage of an access point cell
Open the drop-down list box and select the data rate of the access points
(1 / 5.5 / 11 / 24 / 36 / 48 / 54 Mbps).
The size of the access point cell is calculated based on the data rate. The lower the
data rate, the larger the access point cell and the more clients that can communicate
with the access point.
The maximum number of clients that can operate and a data rate of 1 Mbps is
calculated based on the cell size and the configured size of the floor.
– Rapid Roaming
Select the Rapid Roaming option if the client is configured as a mobile station and you
want mobile stations to be handed off quickly between the RF fields of the various
access points.
If the Rapid Roaming option is not selected, access points of the type
SCALANCE W788-1PRO are configured.
If the Rapid Roaming option is selected, access points of the type
SCALANCE W788-1RR are configured.
Note
With Rapid Roaming applications, only access points of the type
SCALANCE W788-1RR can be used and these then operate in rapid roaming mode
only with iPCF-compliant clients.
Note that the configuration options with iPCF are restricted. This, for example, affects
redundancy, the security settings, WDS and some I features. For more detailed
information, refer to /2/.
Calculated results:
The calculated results are displayed in the following output boxes depending on the
selected floor size and data rate:
– Number of access points with cell area in square meters
– Maximum number of clients at a data rate of 1 Mbps
– Usable cell size in meters
Check the calculated data. If you accept the calculated data, click on Finish, otherwise
correct your configuration or click on Cancel.
After you click on Finish, the Sales Wizard closes, the project is opened and the
automatically generated report of the new project with cards and components and their
order numbers is also opened.
You can modify the project created by the Sales Wizard as necessary in SINEMA E. The
project is saved on the local drive of the computer in the directory Documents and Settings /
<current user> / sinema.
NOTICE
The Sales Wizard provides only an approximation of a WLAN installation and cannot
replace professional planning, in particular, for time-critical WLAN applications.
SINEMA E 2006
4.4 Modeling the environment
4.4.1 Functions of the Modeling Editor
Toolbar of the Modeling Editor

The tool bar contains all the functions for modeling the environment of a radiation field
except for the tool for creating obstacles and devices. The buttons can be divided into the
following groups:
● Changing the view
● Setting up the work area
● Working with background images
● Changing the arrangement of objects
● Starting program actions
● Opening windows
● Setting filters for the view
● Starting the Region / Material Builder function
Changing the view
Button Function
Displays the pointer. With this tool, you can move, scale and rotate previously
created elements.
Enlarges the area selected with the mouse in the work area
Zooms in on the work area.

Zooms out of the work area.
Opens a drop-down list box in which you can select a scaling factor.
Scales the view so that the work area displays all elements.
Scales the background to the size of the work area. The simulation area is
automatically adapted to the size of the work area.
Setting up the work area
Button Function
Defines the scale for the drawing.
Opens a dialog box in which you specify the height, width, and color of the work
area.
Opens a dialog box in which you make the grid settings (grid width, magnetic
grid etc.).
SINEMA E 2006
Working with background images
Button Function
Opens a file selection dialog for the background image. You can use the
following formats:
• BMP
• GIF
• JPEG
• PNG
After clicking this button, a light green symbol appears at the upper edge of the
background image. If you move the mouse pointer over this symbol, the mouse
pointer changes its appearance ( takes the shape of a hand) and you can turn
the background image by holding down the right mouse button. You can also
move and resize the background image.
If this is activated, the paging remains unchanged when you change the size of
the image.
Scales the background image to the size of the work area. The size of all other
elements remains unchanged.
Changing the arrangement of objects
Button Function
Puts the selected element in the background.
Puts the selected element in the foreground.
Connects the ends of obstacles having a distance between them that is less
than a minimum value.
Starting program actions
Button Function
Starts simulation of the radiation field.
Starts the autoplacement function. The autoplacement function can only be used
with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
Starts channel optimization.
Starts the consistency check. One of the checks, for example, makes sure that
the height of the walls is not higher than was specified for the floor.
Checks the coverage of the client areas.
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Opening windows
Button Function
Displays the Task Card with the catalog and the properties window.
Opens a window with a 3D representation of the work area.
Opens a window with an overall view of the work area from the top. This makes
navigation easier when you have zoomed in close on the work area.
Setting filters for the view
Button Function
Opens a drop-down list box in which you can select the elements to be
displayed in the work area. If a category is checked in the list, the corresponding
elements are displayed.
The Region / Material Builder function
Button Function
Opens the Region / Material Builder with which individual obstacles or regions
can be created.
Opens a dialog in which you can save a screenshot of the work area.
4.4.2 The 3D view of the Modeling Editor
Opening and representation of the 3D view

To improve orientation in complex plants, buildings, or floors, you have the choice not only of
the representation in the Modeling Editor but also of a three-dimensional view at the bottom
in the navigator. You can also maximize the 3D view and display it as an additional editor in
the work area but you cannot select or edit objects in this view.
You can open and close the 3D window with the button (Show/hide 3D view) in the
toolbar of the Modeling Editor.
Functions of the 3D view

The 3D window has the following buttons with which you can change the view:
Icon Function
Rotates the view clockwise around the vertical axis.
Rotates the view anticlockwise around the vertical axis.
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Icon Function
Rotates the view around the horizontal axis towards the side view.
Rotates the view around the horizontal axis towards the top view.
Zooms in on the view.
Zooms out of the view.
Matches the zoom of the 3D view to the size of the 3D window.
Resets the scale and the position of the view to the initial settings.
Shows the 3D view correctly scaled.
This button is available only in the navigator: Opens the 3D view in the Modeling Editor
and closes the 3D view in the navigator.
This button is available only in the Modeling Editor window: Closes the 3D view in the
Modeling Editor and opens the 3D view in the navigator again.
Changing the view with the mouse

You can change the 3D view with the mouse button held down:
● A vertical movement while holding down the left mouse button, rotates the view around
the horizontal axis.
● A horizontal movement while holding down the left mouse button, rotates the view around
the vertical axis.
● A movement with the right mouse button held down moves the 3D view in the window.
4.4.3 The birds-eye view
The gain a better overview when you have zoomed in closely in the work area, you can
display a full view of the work area below in the navigator.
You open and close the birds-eye view with the button in the toolbar of the Modeling
editor.
The birds-eye view allows faster navigation to the required location in the work area. The
currently visible part of the work area is indicated by a block rectangle in the birds-eye view.
Using the mouse, you can move this rectangle and change the section in the work area.
With the button (Select view area) in the birds-eye view, you can select the section you
want to be visible in the work area (change the zoom level).
With the button (show in stretched view), you can also stretch the view.
SINEMA E 2006
4.4.4 Modeling the buildings plan
Representation of buildings
With SINEMA E, you can calculate the radio coverage not only for individual buildings or
floors but also for groups of buildings. You can, for example, plan and simulate the WLAN
installation for an entire industrial complex with several buildings. To model a buildings plan,
follow the steps outlined below:
1. Double-click on Plant in the navigator. If Plant is not displayed, double-click on the name
of the project first and then on Plant. The work area shows the tab for modeling the
buildings plan.
2. If one exists, you can import a plan of the plant as a background image (formats: JPG,
BMP, PNG, GIF).
You open a file selection dialog with the button in the toolbar.
3. Open the context menu for Plant (right-click) and select the Add building command. In the
bottom left corner of the work area, you will see a square with a red boundary line that
symbolizes the building. You can change the color and fill pattern to meet your
requirements in the properties window of the task card.
4. If you click on the square, you will see eight white dots on the border line and a green dot
outside the square. When you move the mouse pointer over one of the white dots and
hold down the mouse button, you can change the size and proportions of the rectangle. If
you move the mouse pointer over the green dot and hold down the mouse button, you
can turn the rectangle.
5. Each rectangle also has a reference point that is displayed in the editor by two concentric
circles with two lines at right angles to each other. The purpose of the reference point is
to specify the location of a floor plan in a building.
Initially, the reference point is located in the bottom left corner of the rectangle. You can
move the icon of the reference point while holding down the left mouse button if Lock
reference point is set to False in the properties window.
Parameters in the properties window of the building

If the Automatic size parameter to the right in the properties window is set to True (default),
you design newly added floors with the same size as the first floor.
Requirements: The first floor is calibrated (Calibration symbol)
Note
If the Automatic size parameter is set to True for the first floor, the size and reference point
of the building can no longer be changed with the mouse.
If, on the other hand, the dimensions of the building are entered in the properties window
using the keyboard, the Automatic size parameter is automatically set to False.
Parameters in the properties window of the plant

You open the properties window of the plant by double-clicking on the plant in the physical
view of the navigator. Here, you make the settings for the simulation area of the plant when
SINEMA E 2006
you want to calculate the RF coverage for the outdoor area of the plant (View > Simulation...
menu).
See also
Specifying the simulation area (Page 74)
4.4.5 Configuring floors
Adding a floor
SINEMA E also makes calculations for buildings with several floors. When you start
modeling, one floor already exists for each building. To add an additional floor, follow the
steps outlined below:
1. Select the building to which you want to add a floor in the navigator.
2. Open the context menu for the selected building (right-click) and select the Add Floor
command. The floors are displayed symbolically in the work area.
3. Select the new floor in the work area and edit the height and the name of the floor in the
properties window.
Configuring the floor in the properties window

In the properties window, you specify the parameters for the floor by double-clicking on the
floor to open it and then making your entries using the drop-down list boxes or directly in the
boxes of the properties window. The following parameters are available:
● Floor box
– Height
The unobstructed height of the room from the floor to the ceiling in the unit selected for
the project.
– Comment
Here, you have the option of entering additional information.
– Name
A name for the floor.
● Floor alignment box
In a building with several floors, each floor is edited separately in the Modeling Editor. To
allow the calculation to be made, the individual floors must be aligned with each other as
they are in the actual building. To make this possible, each floor has a reference point.
During the calculation, SINEMA E aligns the floors with each other so that the reference
points of the building and the floors are one above the other. You should therefore move
the reference point of each floor to the same significant position, for example to the
corner of the building. The following entries are possible:
– Reference point
Enter the desired coordinates of the reference point. You can move the reference
point with the mouse button held down: The coordinate information is updated
automatically.
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– Lock reference point

Select the True entry in the corresponding drop-down list box to prevent the reference
point being moved accidentally.
● Simulation area box
– Resolution: The resolution for the simulation calculation.
– Automatic resolution: Setting for manual or automatic resolution.
– Automatic area: Automatic setting of the simulation area.
– Lock area: Locking of the simulation area against accidental changes.
– The coordinates and size of the simulation area.
– The simulation area height:
This height is measured from the floor surface of the relevant floor. During simulation,
the signal strength is calculated for the specified height.
– The additional area: This specifies an additional simulation area around the floor.
See also
Specifying the simulation area (Page 74)
4.4.6 Modeling a floor plan
Background image. calibrating

Make the following preparations before you model the floor plan:
1. Double-click on the floor plan you want to model in the navigator. The work area shows
the tab for modeling the floor plan.
2. If one exists, you can import a floor plan as background image.
You open a file list box to select the image with the button in the toolbar.
3. Click the "Calibrate" button in the toolbar of the Modeling Editor. While holding down
the mouse button, mark a stretch with a known length in the work area, for example the
length of a room. The background image generally provides good orientation. A dialog
box opens in which you can enter the actual length of the stretch you selected in the work
area.
Obstacles of different materials

The modeling of the features of a building is a must for meaningful calculations. SINEMA E
therefore provides you with several options for modeling obstacles. Follow the steps below to
create an obstacle in the work area:
1. Select an object suitable for your purposes from the catalog in the Obstacles branch. The
following entries are available:
– Generic Obstacle
In this case, you will have to select a material (drop-down list box Material type in the
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catalog) and specify the thickness of the obstacle (entry Thickness in the properties
window). You can change the material of the generic obstacle in the properties
window after it has been inserted.
– Thick brick wall
(Thickness approximately 40 cm, typical situation: industrial buildings)
– Metal door
– Thin brick wall
(Thickness approximately 20 cm, typical situation: domestic buildings)
– Thick concrete wall
(Thickness approximately 40 cm, typical situation: Industrial building with high carrying
capacity)
– Thin concrete wall
(Thickness approximately 20 cm, typical situation: Domestic and office buildings)
– Wooden door
– Glass window
– Open door
Cellar wall
For modeling the outer walls of cellar rooms. During simulation, it is assumed that the
earth surrounding these walls prevents any RF field outside them. This tool must not
therefore be used for cellar walls that are not outside walls.
You can change the wall type later in the properties window of the obstacle. The first
three lines of the properties window also show the material thickness and the attenuation
at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz.
– Undefined obstacle
You can assign the actual measured attenuation characteristics to an undefined wall
later using the Region / Material Builder SINEMA E function.
2. As default, the obstacles are drawn as normal elements with a beginning and end and the
thickness is set according to the wall type. If you want to draw a different obstacle shape,
select one of the following entries in the Obstacle tools drop-down list box in the catalog:
– Normal
Draw a straight wall with a start and end point.
– Rectangular
Draw four walls that form a closed rectangle.
– Connected
A wall with several vertices without the polyline needing to be closed. You simply need
to define the required vertices in the work area by clicking with the mouse; SINEMA E
draws the polylines itself.
– Intermediate ceiling
The area of the intermediate ceiling can be adapted using the vertices. The 3D view
makes it easier to recognize the spatial arrangement (Show/Hide 3D View button in
the Modeling Editor).
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3. Draw the obstacle in the work area by defining the starting point with the first click and the
end point with the second click. Click on the vertices of the element in the Connected
obstacle tool. The next vertex is connected to the start point or the last end point.
4. You can change the alignment or shape of an element as follows: Select the object by
clicking on it. White circles appear at the points whose position can be changed. You can
move the following points while holding down the mouse button.
– Normal obstacle tool: Start and end point
– Obstacle tool Rectangular and Intermediate ceiling: The four vertices
– Connected obstacle tool: All inserted vertices of the polyline
Connecting individual obstacles

With SINEMA E, you can connect the end points of individual obstacles automatically. This is
helpful when the end points of the walls you have drawn do not match up exactly and you
require a contour without any gaps. Follow the steps below to connect separate wall
segments:
1. Click the button in the toolbar of the Modeling Editor.

2. Enter the maximum distance between to end points. All obstacles whose endpoints are at
this distance or closer will be connected.
Splitting a polyline into individual lines

If you have created an obstacle and then want to edit individual parts, you can split up the
obstacle into individual segments by following the steps described below:
1. Select the rectangle or the polyline.
2. Open the context menu and select the Split into Obstacles menu command.
4.4.7 Modeling intermediate ceilings
Introduction
In SINEMA E, a building can have several floors. When you simulate the RF field, the
attenuation of the ceiling between two floors is taken into account. A floor always extends
over the entire floor plan area.
In industrial buildings, in particular, there are often intermediate ceilings within a floor, for
example in a separate office in a production area. Such intermediate ceilings are lower than
the full floor height and do not cover the entire floor plan. in such situations, SINEMA E
allows you to model intermediate ceilings.
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How to model an intermediate ceiling

Follow the steps below to create an intermediate ceiling:
1. In the navigator, double-click on the floor in which you want to add an intermediate
ceiling. The floor is opened in the work area and can be edited.
2. If available, you can import a floor plan as background image.
3. Select an object suitable for your purposes from the catalog in the Obstacles branch. The
generic obstacle is particularly suitable because you can select any material for this
obstacle. The drop-down list box for selecting a material is directly below the catalog with
the obstacles.
4. Select the Intermediate Ceiling entry from the Obstacle Tools drop-down list box.
5. Open the intermediate ceiling at the required location in the floor plan with the mouse.
This is displayed as a dotted rectangle. With the first click, you define the first vertex of
the intermediate ceiling and with the second click, you define the opposite vertex.
6. The next thing to do is to specify the height of the intermediate ceiling that is initially at
the level of the bottom of the floor. Enter the actual values for the intermediate ceiling in
the parameters First height from bottom and Second height from bottom in the properties
window of the intermediate ceiling. If the values of these parameters are different, this
means that the intermediate ceiling is on a slant.
The intermediate ceiling is horizontal when you enter the same value for the First height
from bottom and Second height from bottom parameters. As an alternative, you can also
set the Intermediate ceiling parameter in the corresponding drop-down list to True.
Enable the 3D view to display the intermediate ceiling and to check that the element is
correctly inserted. Changing the thickness has no effect on the representation of the
intermediate ceiling in the 3D view.
Figure 4-5 Display of a horizontal intermediate ceiling in the 3D view
Note
When intermediate ceilings are involved, make doubly sure that the height of access points
and clients is set correctly.
- The vertical position of an access point is set in its properties window in the Height from
bottom
box.
- The Simulation height box in the properties window specifies the height for which SINEMA
E calculates the RF field. Here, you should set the height at which the clients are normally
used.
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Horizontal position of an intermediate ceiling

There are two ways of setting a horizontal position for an intermediate ceiling:
● Enter the same values for the First height from bottom and Second height from bottom
parameters in the properties window.
● Select True in the drop-down list box of the Intermediate ceiling entry in the properties
window. The Second height from bottom parameter then has the same height as the First
height from bottom parameter. You can then change the height of the intermediate ceiling
later by entering a new value for one of the two parameters.
Filled prisms
With the intermediate ceiling tool, you can also model prismatic obstacles filled with material
if the First height from bottom and Second height from bottom parameters have different
values.
In the properties window of the intermediate ceiling, select true in the drop-down list box of
the Closed parameter. In the 3D view, the area of a slanting intermediate ceiling as well as
the area projected onto the bottom surface is displayed by lines. SINEMA E now performs
the simulation calculation as though the entire ramp-shaped object was filled with the
selected material.
4.4.8 Modeling cellars
Introduction
With SINEMA E, you can also model floors below ground level. During the simulation
calculations, it is assumed that the earth surrounding these walls prevents any RF field
outside them.
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How to create a cellar

Follow the steps below to create a cellar:
1. In the navigator, double-click on a building in which you want to create one or more floors
below ground level. The existing floors are displayed symbolically in the work area. The
ground level is symbolized by two short blue lines.
Figure 4-6 Building view with one floor
2. Existing floors become cellars by redefining the position of ground.

Cellars can be defined in various ways:
– Select the zero line, the mouse pointer changes. The level of the environment can be
changed by simply moving the mouse. This "mode" is exited as soon as you cancel
the selection of the zero line; the mouse pointer changes back to its original form.
– Select a floor or the ceiling or floor (base), open the context menu and select one of
the following menu commands: "Set zero line above", "Set zero line below" or "Set
zero line".
– In the Properties window, the zero line parameter specifies how many floors are below
ground level. Initially, this parameter has the value 0. Enter the number of cellar floors
you require here. The blue lines change their position depending the entry you make
The important thing here is that you have already created the necessary number of floors;
your entry for the ground level must not exceed the number of existing floors. If, for
example, you want to create two floors below ground level and there is only one floor
available, an error message will be displayed.
3. You can now model a cellar floor in the same shape as every other floor.
You start by double-clicking the relevant cellar floor. The floor is then displayed in the
work area instead of the building. If required, you can import a floor plan as background
image.
4. Go to the Obstacles catalog and select Cellar Wall to create the outer walls. Do not use
this tool for cellar walls that are not outside walls. You can use all the other tools for
interior cellar walls.
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4.4.9 Modeling regions
Areas with influence on electromagnetic waves

The wireless coverage is affected not only by obstacles but also by objects within the
building. The same applies to objects in the outdoor area. With SINEMA E, you can model
regions that affect the propagation of electromagnetic waves. These include, for example,
high-bay storage racks and machines. Follow the steps outlined below:
1. Double-click on the floor plan (plant or floor) you want to model in the navigator. The work
area displays the tabs of the Modeling Editor.
2. Select a modeling tool suitable for your purposes from the catalog in the Region branch.
The following alternatives are available:
– Warehouse wood (paper)
Warehouse or packaging area in a plant in which there is stacked packaging material
(palettes, cartons) or a storage area with products made of paper or wood (paper rolls,
wooden beams etc.). Paper and wood normally absorb radio waves.
– Warehouse bottles (glass)
Warehouse or packaging area in a plant in which there is stacked packaging (bottles
jars) or a storage area with products made of glass (bottles, glasses, crockery etc.).
The packaging may also be filled with other products (for example foodstuffs industry).
– Metal shelves (high density)
Storage area with products stored on (high) metal shelves. These also include
automated high-bay storage racks. "High density" means that most of the shelves are
filled with products.
– Metal shelves (low density)
Storage area with products stored on (high) metal shelves. These also include
automated high-bay storage racks. "Low density" means that most of the shelves are
empty.
– Industrial Machinery (high density)
Production area in which there are numerous machines or very large machines in a
restricted area. These would include, for example, robots on automated production
lines or even large rolling mills. Depending on the type of production area and the
machines involved, there may be other interference over and above the attenuation of
the RF field.
– Industrial machinery (low density)
Production area in which machines or even very large machines are operating in a
large space. These would include, for example, robots on automated production lines
or even large rolling mills. Depending on the type of production area and the machines
involved, there may be other interference over and above the attenuation of the RF
field.
3. Draw a rectangular region of the required size with the mouse. With the first click, you
define the first vertex of the region and with the second click, you define the opposite
vertex.
4. You can display the height of the region in the 3D view. If you select the region, you can,
if necessary, change the height in the properties window.
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4.4.10 Creating plant-specific regions with the Material Builder or Region Builder
To allow you to configure a WLAN project for an existing plant as precisely as possible,
SINEMA E provides the option of using not only the standard components of the catalog but
also of simulating plant-specific materials and regions.
The Region / Material Builder functions

Plant-specific objects such as obstacles and regions can only be simulated approximately
using the standard obstacles from the SINEMA catalog. Using the Material Builder or the
Region Builder, you can calculate the RF signal attenuation of specific objects based on real
measured values and simulate these objects in SINEMA E.
The Material / Region Builder is used for two groups of components:
● The Material Builder
defines an undefined obstacle. It generates a wall with special attenuation properties not
contained in the catalog.
● The Region Builder
defines an undefined region. It creates a region with specific attenuation properties. This
could, for example, be a large machine frame, a high-bay storage rack, storage tanks or
similar.
To be able to create a plant-specific material or a plant-specific region in SINEMA E, the RF

signal attenuation must be measured for the real component. The signal strength of an
access point is measured in the environment of the real component in the plant using a
mobile computer with a wireless adapter. Based on the measured values of the signal
strength between the access point and the mobile computer, the Material / Region Builder
generates a new modeling tool (material or region) with length-related attenuation properties
that correspond largely to those of the real component. The modeling tool created with the
Material / Region Builder has a uniform attenuation effect over the area it covers.
Requirements for using the Material / Region Builder

To use the Material / Region Builder, the following requirements must be met:
● To make measurements, you require a mobile computer.
● There must be a WLAN communications processor installed in the mobile computer.
You require a WLAN adapter compatible with IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE
802.11g, IEEE 802.11h.
● SINEMA E must be installed on the mobile computer.
● You require a Siemens access point.
How to create components with special attenuation properties

To create a component with attenuation properties specific to your project based on real
measurements, follow the steps below:
1. Configure the undefined component (type, size etc.)
2. Configure the access point for the measurement (type, frequency, address etc.)
3. Perform the measurements on the component in the plant
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There are two alternative methods of performing steps 1 and 2:

● Manually in an existing SINEMA project
The manual configuration method is suitable when you have already created the
component in a project and can use an existing access point.
or
● With the support of a builder wizard in a new SINEMA project
If you use a builder wizard, the necessary steps are run through automatically and a new
project is created with the component and the required access point.
There are two builder wizards available:
– Called in the Tools / Material Builder menu:
It is used to define an undefined obstacle.
– Called in the Tools / Region Builder menu:
It is used to define an undefined region.
Practical tips on measuring the RF signal attenuation

To obtain correct measurements of objects such as obstacles and walls using the Material
Builder / Region Builder, you should take measurements at as many points as possible
around the object. When you start the Material or Region Builder, recommended
measurement points are displayed as green dots in the vicinity of the component you are
measuring. Measurements of the RF signal attenuation at every one of these points is not
absolutely necessary but is recommended to ensure the accuracy of the measurement.
When performing measurements for a wall, we recommend that you take measurements at
five points in front of and five points behind the wall (from the perspective of the access
point). The default SINEMA E measurement points are at the same distance in front of and
behind the wall. The distance between two measurement points is a fifth of the distance
between wall and access point.
Figure 4-7 Default measurement points (green) in the Material Builder
When taking measurements for a larger region, the measurements should be performed
where possible at 10 to 20 points uniformly distributed around the region. As default,
SINEMA E places 24 measurement points on the outer limit of the region. The measurement
points are located on twelve straight lines at the intersection with the limit of the region. The
straight lines are at 15° intervals and run through the center of the region.
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Figure 4-8 Default measurement points (green) in the Region Builder
Where possible, there should be no other objects between the component and the access
point.
There should be no interference on the access point channel used, for example resulting
from other users on the same channel or overlapping channels.
The component to be measured should have perceptible attenuation properties.
Components causing very weak attenuation cannot be measured and SINEMA E will discard
the results on completion of the measurements. You can configure components with very
weak attenuation using the catalog.
Regions made up of larger areas that deviate considerably from each other in terms of
attenuation characteristics can, if necessary, be divided into different modeling tools.
When measuring a larger region, remember to take into account the height at which the
access point or points will later be installed (configuration of the z coordinate of the access
point). The attenuation of the signal strength usually measured at the floor (base) should
correspond to that of the access point that will be installed later. The default height of the
measurement (z coordinate of the mobile computer) is set to 1.20 m by SINEMA E.
Slight inaccuracies when entering the measuring point coordinates in the Material / Region
Builder during the measurement have only minimal effects on the calculated attenuation
values.
Measuring at different frequencies:

If you want to use a wall or region both in the 2.4 and in the 5 GHz band, and want to include
this in the simulation, you will have to measure the component in both frequency ranges.
Measure the component at one frequency and add this to the catalog. Then measure the
component at the second frequency and add the data with the Update to catalog button
when you have completed the series of measurements.
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Steps involved in manual configuration of an undefined component and the access point
Follow the steps below to configure an undefined component and the access point required
for the measurement:
1. Open your SINEMA E project and the floor in which you want to place the new wall or
region. The floor must be scaled (Calibration icon) As an alternative, you can create a
new project simply for this purpose; in this case, you can use the builder wizard.
2. Zoom in the view so that the area in which you will later perform the measurements is
displayed in an adequate size.
3. Insert an access point of the type you will use later for the measurements in the SINEMA
work area from the catalog. For a measurement, you can specify the properties of an
object at 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz. If you require measured values for both frequencies, you
must switch over the frequency of the access point between measurements.
4. From the catalog, insert an undefined obstacle or an undefined region.
5. The new region and the access point must be positioned in the project just as they are in
the real plant.
As an alternative, you can also create and scale a new empty floor, insert the suitable
access point module and an undefined obstacle or an undefined region and position
these two objects as they are in the real plant.
6. Switch over to the logical view in the navigator and open the Device Editor by double-
clicking on the icon of the access point.
7. Enter the required parameters for the access point and click on Accept Changes and
Save Project.
8. Change to the physical view in the navigator and open the floor with the undefined
component you want to measure.
– If the floor contains only one access point and one undefined component:
Select the floor with the component to be measured in the navigator.
– If the floor contains more than two components:
Open the floor with the component to be measured and select the access point and
the undefined component while pressing the Ctrl key (make sure that only these two
components are selected).
9. Right-click on Start Region / Material Builder in the context menu or click on the Start
Region / Material Builder in the Modeling Editor.
If an undefined obstacle is involved, the Material Builder window opens in the work
area, if an undefined region is involved, the Region Builder window opens. The Statistics
output window in which the measured values will later be displayed opens at the bottom
of the program window.
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4.4.11 The Material Builder wizard
Simplified configuration of an undefined obstacle with the Material Builder wizard

The Material Builder wizard supports you during the preparatory configuration required
before you can use the Material Builder. The wizard guides you through all necessary steps
in configuration of the undefined obstacle and an access point necessary for measuring the
attenuation. The Material Builder wizard performs the following actions:
● A new project is created in the folder under <local drive> \ Documents and Settings \
● The floor is scaled automatically.
● The undefined component is inserted and configured.
● The access point is inserted and configured.
If the access point module you want to use for the measurement is already configured,
the Builder wizard assigns a new SSID, new security settings (none) and a new
password. You will download the new configuration to the module later.
● On completion of the Builder wizard, the Material Builder opens automatically.
Prior to opening the Material Builder wizard

In the Material Builder wizard, you configure the access point with which you will later
perform the measurements of the RF signal attenuation. Before you open the wizard, you will
find it useful if you already have the following information available:
● The IP address of the access point
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Starting and working with the Material Builder wizard

You start the Material Builder wizard using the Tools > Material Builder menu command. The
wizard window opens and a new project is created in which you configure the undefined
component and an access point. The wizard covers three pages.
Figure 4-9 The window of the Material Builder wizard
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Make the required settings in the input and list boxes.

● The General information group box
– Name of the project
The project name set by the system is displayed here. If required, you can change the
name after the wizard has completed.
list box.
– Country code
Select the country setting to be used from the drop-down list box.
● The Basic information group box
– Outdoor
Select the check box if you want to measure the undefined component outside
buildings.
– Access point type
Here, you select the device type of the access point that you will use later to measure
the component.
– Antenna type
Here, you select the antenna type of your access point.
– Wireless mode
Here, select the WLAN mode in which the measurements will be made.
– Material name
Here, you can select the name of a previously defined material assuming it is included
in the catalog. Otherwise, you can enter a new name for the material to be measured.
– Obstacle thickness
Enter the thickness of the material here.
– Obstacle name
Enter the name of the obstacle to be measured here.
Once you have entered the information, click Next.
● The Advanced information group box
– Obstacle length
Enter the length of the obstacle to measured here.
– Obstacle height
Enter the height of the obstacle.
– Obstacle height from bottom
Enter the distance of the obstacle from the floor (ground) if this is greater than 0.
– Measurement height
Here, you enter the distance from the floor (ground) at which the mobile computer will
be used during the subsequent measurements. The default value is 1.2 meters.
– Distance between obstacle and access point
Enter the distance from the obstacle you want to measure and the access point during
the measurements.
This distance must be equal to or less than twice the length of the obstacle. To ensure
a suitable measurement arrangement, the program will not allow a higher value to be
entered.
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● Ignore access point settings
Select this option if you want the settings listed in the group box below to be ignored.
● The Access point settings group box
– IP address
Enter the IP address of your access point here.
– Default SSID
Enter the SSID of the profile you assigned to the access point (default:
Material Builder).
– Default security settings
This box has the default entry None (open system).
– Default password
Enter the admin user password you configured for your access point in the security
settings. If you have not yet configured and loaded the access point, use the default
password "admin".
– Confirm default password
Confirm the password you entered above.
Once all the entries are correct, click Finish. The wizard window closes and the project
opens automatically with the Material Builder window. The Statistics output window in which
the measured values will later be displayed opens at the bottom of the program window.
Next steps
When the Material Builder wizard is completed, the next step is to load the access point
configuration from the new project to the access point before you start the measurements in
the Material Builder.
Note
If the access point module you want to use for the measurement is already configured, the
existing configuration is deleted when you load to the access point.
If you want to use the original access point configuration again after using the Material
Builder, make sure that you save the old configuration before loading the new configuration
from the Material Builder wizard to the access point.
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4.4.12 The Region Builder wizard
Simplified configuration of an undefined region with the Region Builder wizard

The Region Builder wizard supports you during the preparatory configuration required before
you can use the Region Builder. The wizard guides you through all necessary steps in
configuration of the undefined region and an access point necessary for measuring the
attenuation. The Region Builder wizard performs the following actions:
● A new project is created in the folder under <local drive> \ Documents and Settings \
● The floor is scaled automatically.
● The undefined component is inserted and configured.
● The access point is inserted and configured.
If the access point module you want to use for the measurement is already configured,
the Builder wizard assigns a new SSID, new security settings (none) and a new
password. You will download the new configuration to the module later.
● On completion of the Builder wizard, the Region Builder opens automatically.
Prior to opening the Region Builder wizard

In the Region Builder wizard, you configure the access point with which you will later perform
the measurements of the RF signal attenuation. Before you open the wizard, you will find it
useful if you already have the following information available:
● The IP address of the access point
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Starting and working with the Region Builder wizard

You start the Material Builder wizard using the Tools > Region Builder menu command. The
wizard window opens and a new project is created in which you configure the undefined
component and an access point. The wizard covers three pages.
Figure 4-10 The window of the Region Builder wizard
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Make the required settings in the input and list boxes.

● The General information group box
– Name of the project
The project name set by the system is displayed here. If required, you can change the
name after the wizard has completed.
list box.
– Country code
Select the country setting to be used from the drop-down list box.
● The Basic information group box
– Outdoor
Select the check box if you want to measure the undefined component outside
buildings.
– Access point type
Here, you select the device type of the access point that you will use later to measure
the component.
– Antenna type
Here, you select the antenna type of your access point.
– Wireless mode
Here, select the WLAN mode in which the measurements will be made.
– Region name
Here, you can select the name of a previously defined region assuming it is included
in the catalog. Otherwise, you can enter a new name for the region to be measured.
● The Advanced information group box
– Region length (x axis)
Enter the length of the region to measured here.
– Region depth (y axis)
Enter the depth of the region to measured here.
– Region height (z axis)
Enter the height of the region to measured here.
– Region height from bottom
Enter the distance of the region from the floor (ground) if this is greater than 0.
– Measurement height
Here, you enter the distance from the floor (ground) at which the mobile computer will
be used during the subsequent measurements. The default value is 1.2 meters.
– Distance between access point and center of region
Enter the distance from the center of the region you want to measure and the access
point during the measurements.
This distance must be equal to or less than twice the length of the region. To ensure a
suitable measurement arrangement, the program will not allow a higher value to be
entered.
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● Ignore access point settings

Select this option if you want the settings listed in the group box below to be ignored.
● The Access point settings group box
– IP address
Enter the IP address of your access point here.
– Default SSID
Enter the SSID of the profile you assigned to the access point (default:
Region Builder).
– Default security settings
This box has the default entry None (open system).
– Default password
Enter the admin user password you configured for your access point in the security
settings. If you have not yet configured and loaded the access point, use the default
password "Admin".
– Confirm default password
Confirm the password you entered above.
Once all the entries are correct, click Finish. The wizard window closes and the project
opens automatically with the Region Builder window. The Statistics output window in which
the measured values will later be displayed opens at the bottom of the program window.
Next steps
When the Region Builder wizard is completed, the next step is to load the access point
configuration from the new project to the access point before you start the measurements in
the Region Builder.
Note
If the access point module you want to use for the measurement is already configured, the
existing configuration is deleted when you load to the access point.
If you want to use the original access point configuration again after using the Region
Builder, make sure that you save the old configuration before loading the new configuration
from the Region Builder wizard to the access point.
Performing the measurements

After you have configured the component you want to measure and the access point either
manually or using the builder wizard, the project is opened with the Material or Region
Builder on your mobile computer.
To perform the measurements, follow the steps outlined below:
1. Connect your mobile computer with the access point (see /2/).
2. Go to the first measuring point in the plant with your mobile computer.
3. Click on the Triggered measurements button in the toolbar.
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4. In the work area, click on the coordinates of the first measuring point at which you are
currently located. The computer starts to record the signal strengths.
As soon as the measurement is completed, a flag icon is displayed in the Material /
Region Builder at the point at which the measurement was made and the values are
displayed in the Statistics window.
5. Repeat the last step for all further measuring points.
6. Optional:
If you suspect errors, delete all the measured values by clicking on the Clear
measurements already made
button and repeat the measurements.

7. Complete the series of measurements after the last measurement by clicking the Add to
catalog icon.
The measured data is analyzed, a new object is created in the catalog and a dialog
box opens in which you can enter the name of the component and, if required, a
comment.
(This information need not be entered if you use a builder wizard)
You will now find the new object in the Catalog Browser (Tools > Catalog Browser menu)
in the Obstacle catalog / Project branch or in Region catalogs / Project. Here, you can
edit the name or comment of the object or, if required, delete the object.
If you are measuring a region that you have already measured once and stored in the
catalog, complete the series of measurements by clicking on the Update to catalog icon.
A dialog box opens in which you can select the name of the catalog component to be
updated. Click on Accept to overwrite the stored data of the component with the new
data.
(Not necessary when using a builder wizard).
Note
If you make changes to the settings of the access point used for the measurement when
the Material / Region Builder is open, SINEMA E adds a new floor containing a copy of
the access point with the changed settings.
The following screenshot shows the Region Builder window following a measurement. The
flags indicate the individual measuring points.
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Figure 4-11 The Region Builder window with measuring points and the Statistics output window
Note
On completion of the series of measurements, SINEMA E runs a plausibility check. If the
measured values are not suitable for calculating a region, SINEMA E displays a warning and
the values are discarded. This can, for example, occur when the measured values are all the
same or very similar and no plausible attenuation characteristics can be calculated.
In this case, repeat the series of measurements with a larger number of measuring points
distributed uniformly around the object.
If you open the Material / Region Builder a second time for the same component, a warning
is displayed that this data already exists. Confirm the dialog box with OK if you want to
update the existing data or want to add data for a second frequency band.
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The Statistics output window

The Statistics window lists the parameters of the individual measurements:
● Measurement
Consecutive numbers of individual measurements
● BSSID
The BSSID (MAC address) of the measured access point
● SSID
The SSID of the measured access point
● Coordinates
The coordinates of the measuring point
● Signal Strength
The measured signal strength. You will find detailed information on these parameters in
the next section.
● Wireless Mode
The mode of the measured access point
● Channel
The transmit channel of the measured access point
● SNR
The SNR of the measurement point.
● Date Rate
The data rate of the measurement point
● Noise Level
The noise level of the measurement point
● Last Update Time
Last update of this measurement
● Wireless Network Adapter
The WLAN adapter used for the measurement
● MAC Address
The MAC address of the WLAN adapter
Signal strength
The Signal strength parameter is defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard and is a measure of
the signal strength of an RF field. The maximum value for this parameter depends on the
manufacturer and is between 0 and 255. For the Atheros chipset of SIMATIC NET products,
the maximum value is 60. The relationship between RSSI and power in dBm is shown below:
Signal strength Percentage dBm

60 100 -35
59 100 -36
58 100 -37
57 100 -38
56 100 -39
55 100 -40
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54 100 -41
53 100 -42
52 100 -43
51 99 -44
50 97 -45
49 95 -46
48 93 -47
47 91 -48
46 90 -49
45 88 -50
44 86 -51
43 84 -52
42 82 -53
41 80 -54
40 78 -55
39 76 -56
38 74 -57
37 73 -58
36 71 -59
35 69 -60
34 67 -61
33 65 -62
32 63 -63
31 61 -64
30 59 -65
29 57 -66
28 56 -67
27 54 -68
26 52 -69
25 50 -70
24 48 -71
23 46 -72
22 44 -73
21 42 -74
20 40 -75
19 39 -76
18 37 -77
17 35 -78
16 33 -79
15 31 -80
14 29 -81
13 27 -82
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12 25 -83
11 23 -84
10 22 -85
9 20 -86
8 18 -87
7 16 -88
6 12 -89
5 10 -90
4 8 -91
3 6 -92
2 4 -93
1 2 -94
0 0 -95
4.4.13 Specifying the simulation area
The Simulation area box in the properties window

You can specify the outdoor area of the plant and the indoor area of floors for which you
want to calculate the RF field regardless of the background image and other elements. You
can configure the settings shown below for the simulation area in the Simulation area box of
the properties window. The properties of a floor are displayed only when no element is
selected. You may need to click on a free area of the floor first before the Simulation area
box appears in the properties window.
● Resolution: Here, you set the resolution manually (in measurement units of the project)
for the simulation calculation. A lower value means a higher resolution and more
extensive simulation calculation. Extremely low values for the resolution lead to long
calculation times for the simulation in larger projects. The maximum value is limited by the
simulation area length (x axis) or the area depth (y axis).
● Automatic resolution: If the setting is True, SINEMA E itself specifies the value for the
resolution and the value entered for the resolution is overwritten. For most applications,
the automatically set value is adequate.
● Automatic area: If Automatic area is set to True, SINEMA E sets the simulation area
automatically. If Automatic area is set to False, the simulation area can be modified with
the mouse.
● Lock area: If Lock area is set to True, accidental modification of the simulation area is
prevented.
● Area coordinates: These specify the reference point of the simulation area.
● Area length, Area depth: These specify the size of the simulation area.
● The simulation height specifies the height for which the RF distribution is simulated. Here,
you should set the height at which the WLAN clients are ideally used.
● The Additional area specifies an additional area around the floor for simulation in the
measurement units of the project.
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Setting the simulation area automatically or manually

Follow the steps below to set the simulation area:
1. By clicking on the Zoom Out button (in the tool bar), set the view in the work area so that
the boundary of the simulation area (a rectangle with a dashed boundary) is visible.
2. Left-click on a free location in the work area. In the Simulation area box, the properties
window of the task card displays information about the simulation area.
3. There are two ways of specifying the simulation area:
Automatically by SINEMA E
– Click on the True drop-down list box entry in the Automatic area entry in the
Simulation area box.
– Enter a suitable value after the Additional area entry. With this, you specify the
number of measurement units by which the simulation area is larger than the modeled
elements.
Manual
– Click on the False drop-down list box entry in the Automatic area entry in the
Simulation area box. Eight dots appear on the dashed rectangular boundary line of the
simulation area.
– Move the mouse pointer over one of these dots, hold down the mouse button and
change the dashed line to the required shape.
– Click on the True drop-down list box entry in the Lock area entry in the properties
window. The white dots are no longer displayed and the boundary of the simulation
area is protected against inadvertent changes.
4.4.14 The overview lists of the plant and the building

To make it easier to create large projects, SINEMA E can create the following lists in the
work area based on the physical view:
● The plant overview
● The building overview
● The device overview
● The Site Survey overview
You open the overview list by right-clicking on the required element in the physical view and
selecting the List context menu command.
The plant overview

The plant overview contains the following information:
● Name of the building
● Location
● Rotation
● Number of floors
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The building overview

The building overview contains the following information:
● Name of the floors
● Height
● Additional area
● Resolution
● Ceiling material
● Ground material
● Number of devices
The device overview

The device overview contains the following information on each configured device:
● Name
● Profile
● IP address
● SSID and BSSID/MAC address
● Location
● Order number
● Model name
● Antenna type for WLAN interface 1
● Antenna type for WLAN interface 2 (if it exists on the device)
The Site Survey overview

The device overview contains the information that the user enters when starting a site survey
and a time stamp:
● Name of the measurement
● Time stamp
● User name
● Description
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4.5 Creating the required infrastructure
4.5.1 Manual placement of access points and clients
Selecting devices from the catalog and placing them in the Modeling Editor
To configure WLAN components, follow the steps below:
1. Open the Modeling Editor in the work area by selecting the View > Modeling Editor menu
command and open the floor in which you want to place the devices.
2. If appropriate, select the Devices entry in the drop-down list box of the catalog.
The other components (Modeling tools and Miscellaneous) disappear from the structure
tree.
3. Expand Access Points and Clients in the structure tree.
The available access points and clients are displayed.
4. Select a device from the list with the mouse.
In the Modeling Editor, the cursor now has the shape of a cross.
5. Move the cursor to the required location in the Modeling Editor and click to insert the
device. As long as you do not select any other device in the catalog or click on the
Pointer (Select objects icon) or press the ESC key, you can insert as many devices of this
type as required in the Modeling Editor simply by clicking with the mouse.
6. Place the mouse on the Pointer and select a device that you inserted in the Modeling
Editor.
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7. Position the device at its final location in the Modeling Editor while holding down the
mouse button or using the arrow keys of the keyboard.
8. If necessary, align the device precisely by clicking on the displayed x or y coordinate in
the properties window and adjusting the position using the keyboard.
Note
More than one device with the same x and y coordinates
If two or more devices overlap partially or completely at zoom level 100%, a number is
displayed at the lower edge of the devices indicating how many devices are located at
this position.
Figure 4-12 Structure tree of the devices in the catalog and the properties window
Dual access points

The devices inserted in the work area are displayed in the physical view of the navigator in
the Plant / Building / Floor / Devices branch.
In the logical view of the navigator, each dual access point is shown twice, once in each
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case with the WLAN interface <0> and <1>. The two WLAN interfaces are configured
separately.
The WLAN interface of a single access point is always shown as <0>.
Information in the properties window

In the properties window, you can specify the following for each device: comments, name,
the x and y coordinates, the height of the room (Height from bottom) and the locking status
of the configuration (Locked). Depending on the device type, you can also specify the
following properties:
● For clients and IWLAN/PB links: The required data rate
● For access points: The most important parameters of the WLAN interface(s)
● For antennas:
– The antenna type:
– The Detached setting
If the setting is "True", the antenna is connected to the device over an RCoax cable. In
this case, you can position the device and antenna separately. If this is set to "False",
this means that the antenna is connected directly to the device.
– The cable and coupling loss
– The rotation and the angle of the z axis
It is possible to select more than one device by holding down the CTRL key. The parameters
listed in the properties window then apply to all selected devices.
Third-party devices
As default, the WLAN components in the catalog include only Siemens access points and
clients. If you want to include a third-party component, you must first create it in the Catalog
Browser (Tools > Catalog Browser menu) before it can be displayed in the catalog and
inserted in the Modeling Editor.
Note
Third-party WLAN components can be placed in the Modeling Editor, however they cannot
be configured with SINEMA E.
During simulation, the country-specific standard transmitter power is assumed for third-party
access points.
4.5.2 Autoplacement
Note
The autoplacement function can only be used with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
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Introduction
As an alternative to manual placement of access points, SINEMA E provides the option of
inserting access points in the floor plan automatically (autoplacement function). You can
specify the following constraints:
● Areas that must not contain access points.
● Areas in which access points can be placed.
● One or more client areas in which the data rate you specify must be available. You can
specify a separate data rate for each client area. At least one client area must be
specified to allow autoplacement to start.
Note
Mixed areas located both inside and outside buildings are not detected by the system and
must be calculated separately.
You will need to surround the building with walls before you can use the autoplacement
function.
Procedure
Follow the steps below to place access points automatically:
1. In the navigator, double-click on the floor in which you want to insert the access points so
that it opens in the Modeling Editor.
2. When necessary, specify areas within the simulation area in which SINEMA E should not
place any access points. You do this by selecting the Forbidden access point area in the
Autoplacement tool.
Open a rectangular area of the required size with the mouse. You can specify the height
of this area in the properties window.
3. When necessary, specify areas within the simulation area in which SINEMA E should
place access points. You do this by selecting the Access point area in the Autoplacement
tool. Open a rectangular area of the required size with the mouse.
4. When necessary, specify areas within the simulation area in which the access points
should provide the specified data rate. You do this by selecting the Client area tool in the
Autoplacement branch of the catalog. Open a rectangular area of the required size with
the mouse. You can specify the height of this area and the required data rate in the
properties window.
5. In the Tools > Options > General settings menu, select suitable values for the default
height inside and outside buildings in which the access points will be located. You can
also set the WLAN mode here.
6. If you have already places access points manually, you should set the Lock channel
parameter in the properties window to True to prevent changes being made by the
autoplacement function.
7. Click the "Autoplacement" button in the toolbar of the Modeling Editor to start the
autoplacement function. The Trial mode starts at the same time and all changes made by
the autoplacement function can therefore be discarded very simply.
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8. Select one of the following solvers from the drop-down list:
Figure 4-13 Autoplacement calculation algorithm
– Fast:
This solver calculates the ideal position and number of access points to achieve the
task you have set.
– Expert:
This solver is based on the "Fast" method and calculates possible improvements in
the coverage of the configured area. The number of access points and positions
output can vary. This solver may take more time to complete.
– Outdoor:
This solver is selected automatically when you start the autoplacement function
outside a building.
9. Select one of the following WLAN modes from the drop-down list.
Figure 4-14 Autoplacement options for WLAN mode
– 802.11a
– 802.11b
– 802.11g
– 802.11h
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10.Complete the input boxes in the list window as follows:

– Enter the maximum calculation time in seconds in the input box (default 600 s).
– Enter the height of the access point in the input box. This must be less than the floor
height.
11.Confirm your selections with "OK".
The popup window and the status bar at the lower edge of the program window inform
you of the progress of the calculation.
On completion of the calculation, SINEMA E opens the Results Autoplacement dialog
containing a table with access points. Here, you can see not only the coordinates of the
location for each device but also the WLAN mode and the channel.
Note
If SINEMA E does not place any access points, in other words, the list remains empty, it
is possible that the area is already illuminated by neighboring access points. You can run
a simulation for the access point area to check the signal strength.
If the area is a mixed indoor/outdoor area, the calculation is canceled without any result.
The trial mode is not, however, canceled. Exit the trial mode manually. Calculate the
placements inside and outside buildings separately.
12.Click the Accept button to insert the listed access points in the displayed floor. The trial
mode remains active. SINEMA E inserts the icons for the access points in the work area.
In the bottom right corner of these icons there is a blue square to indicate that they were
created by the autoplacement function.
How the program reacts from here depends on the settings in the Tools > Options >
General settings menu:
– If the "Start simulation after auto-placement" check box is selected, the simulation
starts automatically. Otherwise, you will need to select the View > Simulation menu
command.
– If the Show Confirm simulation height dialog check box is selected, the dialog displays
the current value of this parameter. You can change the value or confirm the existing
value.
If the check box is not selected, the value entered in the properties window of the floor
is applies without any prompt for confirmation.
13.On completion of the simulation, click the Accept and Stop Trial Mode button if you want
to accept the access points in your project. In this case, the small blue squares in the
access point symbols disappear. Click the Discard and Stop Trial Mode button if you do
not want to adopt the entries made since you started the trial mode in the project.
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4.5.3 Channel optimization
Taking into account overlapping channels

When displaying the signal strength and the signal-to-noise ratio, partially overlapping
channels are taken into account. Overlapping channels are channels whose frequency
ranges partially overlap. It is advisable to use only channels that do not overlap. This can be
achieved as follows:
● Assign channels manually that do not overlap.
● Automatic channel optimization.
Automatic channel optimization

Follow the steps below to start automatic channel optimization:
● In the physical view of the navigator, select the required optimization area (the plant, a
building or a particular floor).
Channel optimization is performed only for the selected part of the plant, all other areas
are excluded.
● Click the Channel optimization button in the toolbar of the SINEMA E window or the work
area or select the context menu command (right mouse button) "Start Channel
Optimization" in the physical view of the navigator. Automatic channel optimization is
performed for the devices of the selected optimization area. The channels selected for
devices in other buildings or floors remain unchanged.
Results of channel optimization

SINEMA E displays the results of channel optimization in a separate window. Each access
point is identified by a colored dot before its name. This identifier has the following meaning:
● Blue dot
An access point that was excluded from the automatic channel optimization. There may
be two reasons for this:
– The "Lock channel" parameter of this access point is set to "True".
– The access point is on a different floor from the one on which channel optimization
was performed.
● Green dot
Optimization was performed for these access points. Values that were changed are
shown on a green background in the table. The fields for transmit power are only shown
on a green background if the "Lock Power" parameter for the relevant WLAN interface is
set to the value "False".
Apply the results of the channel optimization to your project by clicking the "Accept" button.
Click "Discard" if you do not want to apply the results.
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4.5.4 Selection and alignment of antennas
Antennas and RCoax cable

The SINEMA E catalog contains the following antennas from the SIMATIC NET range:
● ANT792-8DR (directional antenna 2.4 GHz)
● ANT793-8DR (directional antenna 5 GHz)
● ANT795-4MR (omnidirectional antenna 2.4 / 5.25 / 5.8 GHz), supplied with SCALANCE
W7xx devices.
● ANT795-6MR (omnidirectional antenna 2.4 / 5.2 GHz)
● IWLAN Rcoax
● IWLAN Rcoax (beam mounting)
● Hipath (internal and external)
● ANT792-6MN
● ANT792-8DN
● ANT793-6MN
● ANT793-8DN
● ANT795-6DN
● ANT795-6MN
● SCALANCE W786 internal (E118 DS)
You can also model an IWLAN RCoax cable.
Selecting an antenna
To assign an antenna to a SCALANCE W788 device, follow the steps outlined below:
1. Click on the icon of the antenna you want to configure in the work area. A white dot
appears at the top end of the antenna and the properties dialog shows the data of the
antenna. With a SCALANCE W788 with two WLAN interfaces, interface "1" is
represented by the left antenna icon and interface "2" by the right icon.
2. Select the required model from the Antenna type drop-down list box in the properties
window. For a directional antenna, the icon has a small yellow arrow and a green dotted
line is displayed between the icon of the access point and the antenna icon and
represents the connecting cable between access point and antenna.
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Configuring and aligning an antenna

If you are using a detached omnidirectional antenna, you can specify the position of the
antenna. Directional antennas and RCoax cables are always detached. You can also change
the angle to the z axis. With directional antennas, you must also specify the radiation
direction. To do this, select the antenna in the Modeling Editor. The default setting for the
standard omnidirectional antenna is vertical with no inclination.
0° ... 360°
Z = 90°
Z = 0°
Z = -90°
Figure 4-15 Information on a directional antenna: You can set the direction of the horizontal plane between 0° and 360°.
(Rotation in the properties window). In the vertical direction, a setting between -90° and 90° is possible (angle
of the Z axis in the properties window).
In the properties window of the antenna, you have the following alignment options:
● Changing the position (detached antenna):
First, detach the antenna from the device by setting the Detached parameter to True.
Move the antenna to the required position with the mouse while holding down the mouse
button or using the keyboard in the X and Y rows of the Position box.
● Setting the inclination:
Set the angle of the antenna to the Z axis in the Z axis angle row using the keyboard.
This setting normally only serves a practical purpose with directional antennas.
● Rotation:
This setting normally only serves a practical purpose with directional antennas, for
example type ANT793-8DR.
To adapt the angle of the horizontal (directional) radiation direction in the x and y
direction, click on the right-hand column in the Rotation row. A slider button opens
(0...360°). The radiation direction is represented in the Modeling Editor by an arrow on
the antenna. The arrow moves around the z axis when the parameter is changed.
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Modeling an RCoax cable

Follow the steps below to create an RCoax cable in the work area:
1. Click on the icon of the antenna you want to configure in the work area. A white dot
appears at the top end of the antenna and the properties dialog shows the data of the
antenna.
2. Select the IWLAN RCoax entry from the Antenna type drop-down list box in the
properties window. The icon of the access point in the work area appears with a short
turquoise line with two white dots and a green dotted line representing the cable
connecting the access point and the RCoax cable.
3. Click on the white dot outside the access point icon and drag the turquoise line in the
required direction.
If your RCoax cable does not run in a straight line, you can add further segments to the
cable you have created, Follow the steps outlined below:
1. Click on the RCoax cable you created.
2. Select the Miscellaneous > Leaky Coax Extender entry in the catalog.
3. Click on the white end dot of the existing line in the work area and holding down the
mouse button, draw a further segment of the line.
4. When necessary, create further segments in the same way until your RCoax cable has
the shape you want.
If the RCoax cable is selected, the properties window displays the length of each segment in
the "Cable Lengths" section. These fields cannot be edited, you can only change the length
of the individual segments interactively in the work area, as follows:
1. Click on the created RCoax cable. Two white dots appear on the end points of the cable
and at the points where the cable changes its direction.
2. You can change the position of the white dots while holding down the mouse button.
3. If you right-click on a white dot, a context menu opens with the entries "Split" and
"Remove "Split" creates an additional white dot whereas "Remove" deletes the current
white dot.
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4.5.5 Creating third-party components in the catalog browser
Structure of the catalog browser

The catalog browser contains all the available components. In each component group in the
structure tree of the catalog browser, you will find the three following branches:
● Siemens
Here, you will find the components provided by Siemens in SINEMA E.
● Global library
Here, you can create your own components. After they have been saved, components
created in the Global library are available to all other SINEMA E projects on the current
computer.
● Project
Here, you can create components that are only required for the specific project.
Figure 4-16 The Catalog Browser with the dialog box for a third-party client in the Global library
branch
Opening the Catalog Browser and creating a new component

The following steps show you how to create a components based on the example of a third-
party client:
1. Open the Catalog Browser with the Tools > Catalog Browser menu command.
2. Open the Client Catalogs branch in the structure tree. The device catalog of the clients
opens with the Siemens, Global library and Project subdirectories.
3. Click on the Global library branch.
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4. Enter the name of the third-party client in the Client name box, the version number in the
Version box and a number in the Article number. Select the supported protocols.
If there are already entries in the global library, the input fields can contain information for
a catalog entry. In this case, click on the entry Global library or Project in the structure
tree to obtain empty fields for a new entry. If an entry already exists, you can only make
changes in the Client name field to duplicate an entry.
5. Click on Add.
After closing the Catalog browser, the new component is available in the catalog.
6. You can change the data of the new component in the Catalog Browser dialog box with
the Update button.
7. You can delete the new component with the Delete function if it is not required.
This procedure is analogous for other component groups in the Catalog Browser.
The number of WLAN interfaces, the value of the maximum transmit power and the name of
the standard antenna must also be specified extra when using the Access Point Catalog.
Creating a third-party antenna

In the Catalog Browser, you can create antennas and RCoax cable for the 2.4 GHz und
5 GHz frequency bands. To create an antenna for only one project, follow the steps outlined
below (the numbers in the text refer to the numbers in the figure below):
4a 4b
14
5
6b
6a
5
12
10 13 7
Figure 4-17 The Antenna Editor dialog box
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1. Open the Antenna Catalogs / Project branch in the Catalog Browser.

2. Enter the following data in the input boxes:
– Antenna name
The required name of the antenna or RCoax cable
– Characteristic
The antenna characteristic is either Directional, Omnidirectional or RCoax (if the
antenna is changed).
– Frequency
The required frequency band (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz or 2.4 + 5 GHz). The frequency band
for which an antenna is suitable can be found in the specification of the antenna.
– Pattern: Edit button
Specifies the radiation characteristics (see below)
– Antenna gain (antennas only)
The antenna gain is an indicator of the directivity of an antenna. The maximum
radiated power of the antenna is compared with the radiated power of a theoretical
isotropic radiator. The higher the antenna again, the greater the directivity of the
antenna. You will also find this information in the specification of the antenna.
– Order number
Order number of the antenna
– Longitudinal attenuation(RCoax cables only)
The energy transferred in the cable is not free of losses and the signal radiated by the
cable becomes weaker with increasing cable length. The data on attenuation per
meter (depending on the frequency) is provided by the manufacturer.
– Coupling loss (RCoax cables only)
The coupling loss characterizes the losses as the signal leaves the cable and enters
space. Once again, this information is provided by the manufacturer.
3. Now specify the radiation characteristics for the third-party antenna by clicking the Edit
button beside Pattern xxx GHz.
The Antenna Editor dialog box opens in which you specify the radiation pattern. In the
two graphics, you edit the horizontal and vertical antenna pattern.
4. Load an antenna pattern as a template for the pattern you want to create using the Load
button (4b) in the Image of antenna characteristics group box assuming that the image
exists electronically. The loaded image is displayed in the area for the horizontal antenna
diagram (4a).
5. Adapt the transparency and the thickness of the image using the two sliders (5).
6. Adapt the alignment of the image using the arrow buttons (6a) and the size with the zoom
scale (6b) to the pattern in the Antenna Editor.
7. Specify whether scaling will be logarithmic or linear (7).
8. Now click on the horizontal antenna pattern. The Enter the dB value at the center point
dialog box opens.
9. Enter the dB value for transmit power in the center point of the diagram in the input box
(default: -20) and confirm with OK. The center point value is adopted and the diagram
scaled accordingly.
10.Click the Draw circle button (10) if you want to use a circle as the basis of the pattern.
Click on a suitable point in the pattern from which a circular isoline of the transmit power
will be drawn. This isoline already includes several points for adapting the line to the
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device-specific characteristics of the transmit power depending on the radiation direction.

Holding down the mouse button, drag the points of the characteristic line to the device-
specific positions.
Drawing a circle makes it easier to create a pattern with omnidirectional antennas.
11.Add the additional points for the antenna pattern by clicking on the surface of the
diagram. This allows you to reproduce the diagram from your template.
12.Delete any points you do not require by right-clicking on the point or by selecting the point
and clicking the Undo Point button (12). You can delete all points with the Undo All Points
button (12).
13.With the right arrow button (13), transfer the created diagram from the horizontal plane to
the vertical plane.
In the same way, you can transfer a diagram from the vertical to the horizontal plane with
the left arrow button.
14.If required, remove the initially loaded template diagram from the configured antenna
pattern with the Clear button (14).
15.Adopt the data you have entered with the Save button. The Antenna Editor dialog box
closes.
16.Finally, save all entries in the Catalog Browser using the Add button.
4.5.6 The overview lists of the profile and the devices

To allow better orientation, SINEMA E can create overview lists for profiles, networks and
devices.
Switching to the logical view of the navigator

To open the two list types, first switch to the logical view of the navigator.
In the navigator, click on the Logical View button to change from the physical view with
the infrastructure of the plant to the logical view with all WLAN components.
Profile overview
You can open the profile overview by right-clicking on the Profiles entry in the logical view of
the navigator and selecting the List context menu.
As an alternative, you can open the list by double-clicking on the Profiles branch in the
navigator.
The profile overview of the project contains the following columns for each configured profile:
● "Name" of the profile
● "Active" (True, False): Only one profile can be set as the default profile. New devices
inserted in the project are automatically assigned to the default profile.
● "SSID"
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● "Subnet mask"
● "Number of devices/interfaces"
Figure 4-18 SINEMA E - logical view with the Profile overview
Device overview
You can open the device overview either from the logical view or the physical view of the
navigator.
Open the profile overview in the Logical view of the navigator by selecting a profile with the
right mouse button and selecting the List context menu command. In this case, the device
overview contains the following information on each configured device:
● Name (device name)
● Profile (profile name)
● IP address
● MAC address
● Antenna type
Open the profile overview in the Physical view of the navigator by selecting the device entry
with the right mouse button and selecting the List context menu command. In this case, the
device overview contains the following information on each configured device:
● Name (device name)
● Profile (profile name)
● IP address
● MAC address
● Location
● Order number
● Model
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● Antenna type wireless interface 1

● Antenna type wireless interface 2
As an alternative, you can open the device list with the List All Devices context menu in the
Plant (physical or logical view ) or Profiles (logical view) branches.
4.5.7 Options for configuring SIMATIC NET WLAN components
Alternatives in configuration
When configuring access points and clients, you have three options:
● Configuring with Web Based Management (WBM)
WBM allows full configuration. It works with wizards and is therefore straightforward and
easy to work with.
● Configuring with the Command Line Interface (CLI) over the SCALANCE W
The CLI allows full configuration but should only be used by experienced users.
● Configuration with SINEMA E
The configuration of the WLAN profiles, access points and clients with SINEMA E
involves numerous parameters for these components. The full range of parameters can
be configured with WBM or CLI. When you save a configuration in SINEMA E, however,
all the parameters that can be configured with WBM are also saved.
Note
All configurable parameters with explanations and instructions and detailed information
on working with WBM and the CLI are described in /2/ and /3/.
Opening the parameter assignment dialog boxes in SINEMA E

If you want to configure the WLAN components with SINEMA E, first click on the Logical
view icon in the Navigator.
The open the relevant dialog box in the Device Editor by double-clicking on the relevant
component in the Navigator. To adopt your settings or changes, click on Accept Changes. If
you want to adopt the data, you must do this before changing to another dialog box.
If you want to discard changes made in the configuration of a device or profile in the relevant
window, click on Discard Changes. The status as it was before the window was opened is
restored and the window is closed.
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Context menu for an access point

When an access point is selected, you can open the context menu by right-clicking. If the
device has one interface, the Wireless interface command is available, if the device has two
interfaces, you will see the commands Wireless interface 1 and Wireless interface 2. This
gives you direct access to the following parameters:
● Wireless mode
● Channel
● Transmit power
4.5.8 Configuring profiles with SINEMA E
What are profiles and what are they used for?

To simplify the configuration of components that contain the same parameters, devices with
the same parameters can be grouped together in a defined profile. The repeating
parameters are configured in this profile. The individual devices assigned to this profile adopt
the parameters of the profile as default.
Devices in which some parameters deviate from those of the profile are assigned the option
Individual settings. This allows these devices to adopt the parameters of the profile and still
deviate from it in individual parameters.
With dual access points of the type SCALANCE W788-2x, the WLAN parameters of the two
WLAN interfaces can always be set individually since they can be assigned to different
WLANs. Here, the automatic adoption of the basic settings of the profile and the service,
event and security settings by unchecking Individual settings box is not possible.
As default, every project in SINEMA E has a profile. You can add further profiles by selecting
the Profiles entry in the logical view of the navigator and selecting the Add Profile context
menu or by selecting the Edit > Add Profile menu command.
Assignment of devices to the default profile

One profile in the project is always the default profile. This is indicated by the label (Default
profile) added after the profile name in the logical view of the navigator.
New devices inserted in the project in the Modeling Editor are automatically assigned to the
default profile. If you want to assign a device to another profile, open the Device Editor by
double-clicking on the device entry in the navigator and select the required profile in the
Profile name drop-down list box.
In a new project, the automatically created profile is the default profile. To specify a different
profile as the default profile, select the required profile in the navigator and right-click on the
Set as default profile context menu.
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Setting up a profile
To assign parameters for a profile, select the relevant profile by double-clicking in the
navigator. The Editor (<profile name>) dialog box appears in the window of the Device Editor
where you can configure the network settings of the profile.
Note
The parameters configured for a profile subnet mask, network SSID, WLAN mode, antenna
mode and possibly also Router IP address are adopted from the access points and clients of
the profile as long as the Individual settings property is not enabled.
You configure a profile in the following dialog boxes:

● Network settings
● Service settings
● Event settings
● Security settings
You select the dialog boxes from the drop-down list box at the top of the Editor (<profile
name>) window. When you open a profile in the Navigator, the Network Settings dialog box
always appears first.
Figure 4-19 The Device Editor with the dialog box for making the network settings of a profile
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Setting parameters for the network settings of a profile

The Editor (<profile name>) dialog box contains the following input fields:
● Profile name
Enter the name of the profile here.
● Subnet mask for profile
If applicable, enter the subnet mask here.
● Router IP address
Here, enter the IP address of the router if you use a router in the network.
● Enable
Put a check mark in the box if you use a router.
● Profile SSID
Enter the SSID of the network (maximum 255 characters, if you use redundancy
maximum 32 characters).
● WLAN mode
Set the WLAN mode for the profile from the drop-down list box by selecting the frequency
band and the transmission speed:
– 2.4 GHz 11 Mbps (802.11b)
– 2.4 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11g)
– 5 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11a)
– 5 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11h)
● Antenna mode
Select the antenna mode for the devices connected to the profile from the drop-down list
box:
– Diversity
– Antenna A
– Antenna B
● iPCF enabled
(only access points SCALANCE W788-1RR and -2RR in client mode) Check this box if
you want to enable iPCF. The following two boxes are then available for editing.
● AES-CCM encryption
Select this check box if you want to use the encryption method AES-CCM in iPCF mode.
Make sure that a 128-bit key was selected in "Length" in "Further security features".
● PNIO support enabled
Check the box if you want the device to support PNIO data traffic.
● PNIO update time
Select the required update time for PNIO communication from the drop-down list box
(4 to 512 ms).
Click on Accept Changes to enter your settings.
Default for the services when configuring the profile

The services for the relevant profile are specified when you configure the profile. If no
individual configuration is specified for the access points and clients of the profile, the
settings of the profile are adopted.
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If you want to configure individual access points or clients of the profile with individual
settings for services, the Individual settings check box must be selected in the relevant Editor
window.
Configuring the services

To configure the services, select the Service Settings option from the drop-down list box at
the top of the Device Editor.
● The SNMP settings option
Put a check mark in the Enable SNMP box if you want to access the network nodes using
the SNMP service. If you enable this service, you have following options:
– Enable SNMP V1/V2c
Allows read and write access with SNMP
– Enable SNMPV1/V2c read-only
Allows only read access with SNMP
– Enable SNMPV1 traps
Enables the transfer of SNMP version 1 traps
– Read Community String input box
for Read Community String (max. 63 characters) that specifies the access rights for
the SNMP protocol
– Write Community String input box
for Write Community String (max. 63 characters) that specifies the access rights for
the SNMP protocol
– Enable SNMP V3
Enables the transfer of traps of SNMP version 3
(only when SNMPv1/v2c is also enabled)
In the boxes below, you can set a maximum of ten addresses to which traps will be
sent.
● SNMP v3 group
The table shows SNMPv3 groups. To create a new group, specify the group name, the
security level and the write and read permissions and click the Add New Group button (in
Add SNMPv3 group).
To delete a group, select the relevant row in the table and click the Delete Group button.
If there are already members entered in the group, you cannot delete the group nor
change the security level of the group.
There are three SNMPv3 security levels:
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Security level Special features Comment

None No authentication, no
encryption.
Auth/No Priv Authentication with the MD5 or To display members of a group,
SHA algorithm, no encryption. you first need to enter the
authentication password (max.
63 characters).
Auth/Priv Authentication with the MD5 or To display members of a group,
SHA algorithm, encryption with you first need to enter the
the DES3 algorithm. authentication password (max.
63 characters).
● SNMP users
The table shows the SNMPv3 users. To create a new user, specify the user name and
the group to which the user will belong and click the "Add New User" button. If necessary,
you will also need to enter the passwords for authentication and for data protection. If
necessary, select the appropriate authentication logarithm.
To delete a user, select the relevant row in the table and click the "Delete User" button.
● The Email Settings box
– Enable E-mail option
Enable the option to send E-mails.
– Destination E-mail address
Enter the destination address for E-mails.
– SMTP server IP
Enter the IP address of the SMTP server here.
– Port
Enter the port number of the SMTP server.
– From
Please enter a valid E-mail address for the sender.
● The SNTP Settings box
– Enable SNTP
Enable the option for SNTP services.
– SNTP server IP
Enter the IP address of the SNTP server here.
– Time zone
Select the time zone of the SNTP server from the drop-down list box.

For more detailed information on the services, refer to /2/ and /3/.
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Default for the events when configuring the profile

The events for the relevant profile are specified when you configure the profile. If no
individual configuration is specified for the access points and clients of the profile, the
settings of the profile are adopted.
settings for events, the Individual settings check box must be selected in the relevant Device
Editor window.
Configuring events
To configure the events, select the Event Settings option from the drop-down list box at the
top of the Device Editor.
In the Event Settings table, you can specify several selected events and errors/faults and
select the reaction to them:
● E-mail
Send an E-mail
● Trap
Triggers an SNMP trap
● Log
Writes an entry to the log file
● Fault
Triggers a fault indication (the fault LED lights up)

For more detailed information on the events, refer to /2/ and /3/.
Default for security when configuring the profile

The security settings for the relevant profile are specified when you configure the profile. If
no individual configuration is specified for the access points and clients of the profile, the
settings of the profile are adopted. A profile can, however, only support security settings that
exist for all access point versions.
settings for security settings, the Individual settings check box must be selected in the
relevant Editor window. Individual devices can have either higher or lower security settings
than the corresponding profile.
Note
The security settings of access points depend on those of the assigned clients. If a client
operates with encryption, its access point must use the same encryption.
Configuring the security settings

To configure the security settings, select the Security Settings option from the drop-down list
at the top of the Device Editor.
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You can make the following settings:
Security level
Select one of the following security levels from the drop-down list box:
● (None) open system
Parameters in the (None) open system settings box:
– Encryption:
Select this option if you want to set a security key. The "Default key" parameter is then
enabled.
– Default key:
Select the default from the drop-down list box Key 1, 2, 3, or 4.
– Key:
Displays the currently selected key.
– Length:
Displays the length of the currently selected key.
● (Low) shared key with the following parameters
Parameters in the (Low) shared key settings box:
– Encryption:
Encryption cannot be set at this security level.
– Default key:
Select the default from the drop-down list box Key 1, 2, 3, or 4.
– Key:
Displays the currently selected key.
– Length:
Displays the length of the currently selected key.
● (Middle) 802.1x RADIUS for an external authentication server
Parameters in the (Middle) 802.1x RADIUS settings box:
– Authorization lifetime (seconds)
Fixed interval at which the authentication is repeated (default: 60 s)
– IP address (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you specify the IP address of the primary or backup server.
– Destination port (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you specify the destination port of the primary or backup server.
– Shared secret (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you specify the password for the primary or backup server.
– Confirm shared secret (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you confirm the password for the primary or backup server.
– Maximum transmissions (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you specify the maximum number of queries to the the primary or backup
server.
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● (High) WPA-PSK with the following parameters:

Parameters in the (High) WPA-PSK settings box:
– Encryption method
Select the encryption method AES or TKIP from the drop-down list box.
– Transfer WPA passphrase
- Passphrase: Specify the password here.
- Confirm password: Confirm the password here.
- Update interval of the group key: Specify the update interval of the group key
(default: 1800).
● (Highest) WPA RADIUS with the following parameters:
Parameters in the (Highest) WPA RADIUS settings box:
– Encryption method
Select the encryption method AES or TKIP from the drop-down list box.
– Authorization lifetime
Sets the time during which the client must authenticate itself again (fixed setting: 60 s).
– IP address (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you specify the IP address of the primary or backup server.
– Destination port (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you specify the destination port of the primary or backup server.
– Shared secret (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you specify the password for the primary or backup server.
– Confirm shared secret (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you confirm the password for the primary or backup server.
– Maximum transmissions (Primary server + Backup server)
Here, you specify the maximum number of queries to the the primary or backup
server.
Further security features
● Enable management only over wired Ethernet interface
Check the box if you only want to modify the configuration over the wired Ethernet
interface.
● Key table for Wireless Interface
This table lists the public keys for the security levels "Open System" and "Shared Key".
You can add new keys and modify or delete existing keys.
Change admin device password
The admin device password protects the connections from access points and clients to
management from unauthorized access. The password is also valid for the Security Wizard
of Web Based Management (WBM). It is not possible to make changes to the access point
configuration or to download without the password.
● New password
Enter a new admin device password (max. 31 characters).
● Confirm new password
Confirm the new password here.
For more detailed information on the individual security services, refer to /2/ and /3/.
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4.5.9 Configuring access points with SINEMA E
Configuring an access point

To configure an access point, select it by double-clicking on it in the navigator. The dialog
box for making network settings of the access point appears in the Device Editor. Network
settings is selected in the drop-down list box at the top of the dialog.
You configure an access point in the following dialog boxes:
● Event settings
● Access Point Settings
Individual settings
For the basic settings of the profile and for the service, event and security settings, you can
make individual settings for this access point that differ from those of the profile.
If you want to configure one or more of these settings for this access point individually, select
the Individual settings check box in the relevant dialog box..
If the box is unchecked, the parameters of the relevant profile are adopted. In this case, the
boxes Subnet mask, Router IP address, Profile SSID, WLAN mode and Antenna mode are
disabled in the Network Settings dialog box.
Configuring the Network Settings dialog box

The Network Settings dialog box contains the following input and output fields:
Subnet/device properties
● Device name
Enter the name of the access point here.
– Outdoor
indicates whether or not the device is located outdoors or in a building. This box is
displayed for devices as of firmware version 3.0 and processed in the configuration
file.
– Device mode
indicates whether the device is operated as an access point or as a client.
Ethernet interface
● DHCP or specified IP address
Here, you choose whether this is a specified IP address or DHCP.
● IP address
Enter the IP address of the access point here.
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● Subnet mask
● Enable
● MAC address (DHCP)
● Device name (DHCP)
● Client ID (DHCP)
WLAN interface
The WLAN interface of the single access point (W788-1x) is called <name> (1).
The two WLAN interfaces of the dual access point (W788-2x) are called <name> (1) and
<name> (2) and are configured separately.
When you open the Device Editor from the physical view of the navigator or by double-
clicking on the device in the Modeling Editor, a list box appears in the title bar of the WLAN
interface box with which you can select the WLAN.
In the logical view of the navigator, a dual access point is displayed twice, once for each
WLAN interface. A separate Network Settings window can be opened for each WLAN
interface.
● Profile name
Assign the access point to one of the configured profiles in the drop-down list box.
● Edit Profile button
With this button, you jump directly to the dialog box of the profile if you want to edit it.
● Apply this profile to general device settings
This option sets the valid profile for the dual access point.
● Enable interface
The check box enables or disables the WLAN interface selected earlier in the drop-down
list box.
● SSID
This output box displays the SSID of the network to which the profile is assigned.
● Wireless mode
The wireless mode set in the profile is displayed here.
If you have set individual parameters, you can specify the required wireless mode along
with the frequency band and transmission rate from the drop-down list box:
– 2.4 GHz 11 Mbps (802.11b)
– 2.4 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11g)
– 5 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11a)
– 5 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11h)
Note
The wireless mode of the access point must be compatible with the wireless mode set
for the profile. There is an interlock preventing selection of an incompatible wireless
mode for the access point.
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● Radio channel
Choose one of the following alternatives for selecting the transmission channel:
– Channel selection
Select the required channel manually from the drop-down list box.
– Auto channel select
The channel is selected automatically if you check the box. As default, the lowest
channel is displayed first.
● Transmit power
Choose one of the following alternatives for the transmit power:
– Full
– Half (-3 dB)
– Quarter (-6 dB)
– Eighth (-9 dB)
– Minimum (-12 dB)
Note
The absolute maximum transmit power is specified specifically for each country and is
set when you configure the SINEMA E project. You will find a list of the maximum
transmit powers in /7/.
● Antenna mode
Select one of the following antenna modes:
– Diversity
Communication over both antennas with automatic selection of the antenna with the
better reception
– Antenna A
Communication only over antenna A
– Antenna B
Communication only over antenna B
– Tx on A, Rx on B
Transmit over antenna A, receive over antenna B
– Tx on B, Rx on A
Transmit over antenna B, receive over antenna A
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● Data rate
Select the data rate you require. Depending on the transmission method, you can make
the following settings:
IEEE 802.11b: best; 1; 2; 5.5; 11 Mbps; keep set
IEEE 802.11g: best; 1; 2; 5.5; 6; 9; 11; 12; 18; 24; 36; 48; 54 Mbps; keep set
IEEE 802.11a and 802.11h: best; 6; 9; 12; 18; 24; 36; 48; 54 Mbps; keep set
If you select best, the best possible data rate is set in the network automatically
depending on the nodes involved.
Note
As of firmware version 3.1, the following applies: If a fixed data rate is set, all other data
rates are disabled. There is no longer an attempt to change to a lower data rate.
● iPCF enabled (only access points SCALANCE W788-1RR and -2RR in access point
mode)
Check the box if you want to enable iPCF. The following two boxes are then available for
editing.
– Strong AES-CCM encryption
– PNIO support enabled
Check the box if you want the device to support PNIO data traffic.
– PNIO update time
Select the required update time for PNIO communication from the drop-down list
(4 to 512 ms).
Configuring access point settings

To configure the security settings for this profile, click on Access point settings in the drop-
down list box at the top of the Device Editor.
For the SCALANCE W78x in access point mode, you can make the following settings for the
maximum number of frames in broadcast and multicast mode:
● Storm Threshold Properties box
– Enable storm thresholds

Enable this option if you want to specify limits. In this case, the following options are
available to you:
– Address threshold
Maximum number of nodes to which broadcast or multicast frames are sent in
1 second.
Range for broadcast: 0 to 255, Range for multicast: 0...255
0 = no limit on the number of nodes,
Default: 0
If the selected maximum number is exceeded, broadcast or multicast frames are not
sent over the relevant interface for 30 seconds.
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– Thresholds for interfaces

Maximum number of frames per second that can be sent over the interfaces of the
device:
Ethernet
Wireless (Interface)
0 = no limit on the number of frames,
Default: 0
If the selected maximum number is exceeded, broadcast or multicast frames are not
sent over the relevant interface for 30 seconds.
● Advanced Wireless Interface Properties box

– RTS/CTS threshold
Size of RTS/CTS packets
Range: 0 to 2346 bytes
The value decides the size as of which the RTS/CTS method is used.
This parameter can, for example, be adapted for the hidden node problem when two
communication partners want to communicate at the same time with one access point.
The value you should set depends on the transmission load between nodes.
– Fragmentation length threshold
Maximum packet size transferred over the radio link
Range: 256 to 2346 bytes
If a profile is subject to a lot of sources of interference, less bad packets must be
repeated if a smaller packet size is selected.
4.5.10 Configuring clients and IWLAN/PB Links PN IO with SINEMA E
Configuring a client or IWLAN/PB link

To configure a client, select it by double-clicking on it in the navigator. The dialog box for
making network settings of the client appears in the Device Editor. Network Settings is
selected in the drop-down list box at the top of the dialog.
You make the parameter settings of a client or IWLAN/PB link in the following dialog boxes:
● Additional network settings
● Event settings
● Client Settings (clients only)
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Individual settings for clients

For the network settings and for the service, event and security settings, you can make
individual settings for this client that differ from those of the profile.
If you want to configure one or more of these settings for this client point individually, select
the Individual settings check box in the relevant dialog box.. If the box is unchecked, the
parameters of the relevant profile are adopted. In this case, the boxes Subnet mask, Router
IP address, Profile SSID, WLAN mode and Antenna mode are disabled in the Network
Settings dialog box.
Additional network settings and the client settings are configured individually.
Individual settings for IWLAN/PB links

The Ethernet settings, the service and security settings are adopted from the relevant profile
in the profile settings of the IWLAN/PB link.
The additional network settings and event settings can be configured individually.
Configuring the network properties of a client or IWLAN/PB link

The Network Settings dialog box contains the following input and output fields:
Subnet/device properties
● Device name
Enter the name of the device here.
● Device version
Shows the version of the device.
● Outdoor
Indicates whether or not the device is located outdoors or in a building. This box is
displayed for devices as of firmware version 3.0 and processed in the configuration file.
Ethernet interface (clients only)

● IP address
Enter the IP address of the client here.
● Subnet mask
● Enable
● MAC address (DHCP)
● Device name (DHCP)
● Client ID (DHCP)
Wireless interface (clients and IWLAN/PB links)
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● Profile name
Assign the device to one of the configured profiles in the drop-down list box.
● Edit Profile button
With this button, you jump directly to the dialog box of the profile if you want to edit it.
● Profile SSID
This output box displays the SSID of the network to which the profile is assigned.
● Wireless mode
The wireless mode set in the profile is displayed here.
If you have set individual parameters (clients only), you can specify the required wireless
mode along with the frequency band and transmission rate from the drop-down list box:
– 2.4 GHz 11 Mbps (802.11b)
– 2.4 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11g)
– 5 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11a)
– 5 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11h)
Note
The wireless mode of the client must be compatible with the wireless mode set for the
profile. There is an interlock preventing selection of an incompatible wireless mode for
the client.
● Radio channel
Choose one of the following alternatives for selecting the transmission channel:
– Channel selection
Select the required channel manually from the drop-down list box.
– Auto channel select
The channel is selected automatically if you check the box. As default, the lowest
channel is displayed first.
● Transmit power
Choose one of the following alternatives for the transmit power:
– Full
– Half (-3 dB)
– Quarter (-6 dB)
– Eighth (-9 dB)
– Minimum (-12 dB)
Note
The absolute maximum transmit power is specified specifically for each country and is
set when you configure the SINEMA E project. You will find a list of the maximum
transmit powers in /7/.
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● Antenna mode (clients only)

Select one of the following options from the drop-down list box:
– Diversity
Communication over both antennas with automatic selection of the antenna with the
better reception
– Antenna A
Communication only over antenna A
– Antenna B
Communication only over antenna B
– Tx on A, Rx on B
Transmit over antenna A, receive over antenna B
– Tx on B, Rx on A
Transmit over antenna B, receive over antenna A
Configuring the additional network settings of a client or IWLAN/PB link

You can set the following additional parameters in the Additional network settings dialog box:
MAC mode
● MAC mode (client modules only)
Select the required MAC mode from the drop-down list box:
– Auto find 'Adopt MAC'
The configuration adopts the MAC address of the device connected over Ethernet
downstream from the WLAN client and that communicates first.
– Set 'Adopt MAC' manually
The MAC address must be set manually.
– 'Adopt own MAC'
The client module adopts its own MAC address.
● Adopt MAC
If you have selected Auto find 'Adopt MAC' or 'Adopt own MAC', the MAC address is
displayed here.
If you have selected Set 'Adopt MAC' manually, enter the MAC address here using the
keyboard.
SSID list
● Connect to any SSID
Select this option if you want the client or link to connect to any SSID of different
networks.
● Add to List
This function is enabled only when "Connect to any SSID" is not required.
Enter the SSIDs of another network in the input box.
With the Add to List button, you adopt the SSID you have entered in the list.
You can repeat this step to add further SSIDs to the list.
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● Delete Selected
Select one or more (Shift or Ctrl key) SSIDs and click on the Delete Selected button to
delete the selected SSIDs from the list.
Configuring client settings

To configure the client settings, click on Client settings in the drop-down list box at the top of
the Device Editor.
You can configure the following properties:
Advanced wireless interface properties
● Background scan mode
Here, you specify whether and how the client searches for further access points with
which it can connect in the background. Select one of the following options from the drop-
down list box:
– Disable
As long as the client is connected there is no background search for further access
points.
– Scan when idle
In this mode, the search for a further access point is made only when there is no data
traffic for a certain time.
– Scan always
In this mode, the client always searches for further access points.
Enabling the background scan mode allows the SCALANCE W747-1RR/-2RR to make
full use of the rapid roaming functionality when using iPCF in PNIO projects.
● Background scan interval (200-60000) ms

Here, you enter a value for scan intervals between 200 and 60000 milliseconds
(0.2 - 60 s) (default setting: 200).
● Background scan ch. select

Check this box if you want to restrict the number of channels on which the client searches
for an access point and therefore reduced the handover times. Set the channels manually
in the Background scan channels box.
● Background scan channels

Here you enter the channels on which there there are known to be access points within
the range of the client. If you enter more than one channel, separate the channel
numbers with spaces.
SINEMA E 2006
● Roaming threshold
Specifies the difference in signal strength of a newly found access point at which the
client connects to the new access point.
– Low
Change to AP with a stronger signal even when the field strength is only slightly
higher.
– Medium
Change to AP with a stronger signal even when the field strength is moderately
higher.
– High
Change to AP with a stronger signal even when the field strength is significantly
higher.
● Download client certificate

If you want to upload client certificates, select this function.
● User Certificate
Enter the name of the user certificate or browse for it by clicking on Search.
● Certificate Password
Enter a password of your choice.
● Confirm password
Confirm your password by entering it again.
● Server Certificate
To be able to upload a server certificate, you must first upload a user certificate.
Enter the name of the server certificate or browse for it by clicking on Search.
SINEMA E 2006
4.6 Simulation
4.6 Simulation
4.6.1 Functions of the simulation view
Toolbar of the simulation view

Here, you will find the functions for displaying and editing simulation results. The functions
can be divided into the following groups:
● Changing the simulation view
● Specifying a filter for the view
● Displaying the results
● Selecting saving and deleting simulation results
Changing the simulation view
Button Function
Enlarges the area selected with the mouse in the work area.
Increases the size of the displayed simulation view.

Decreases the size of the displayed simulation view.
Opens a drop-down list box for selecting a scaling factor.
Opens a drop-down list box for selecting the degree of transparency for the color
display of the simulation results. If you select Custom Transparency, a dialog opens
in which you can set any value using a slider control.
Specifying a filter for the view
Button Function
Opens a dialog in which you can specify the access points for which a simulation of
the signal strength will be displayed. You can also specify the transmission
standard.
Opens a drop-down list box in which you can select elements to be displayed in the
work area. If a category in the list has a check mark, the relevant element will be
displayed.
SINEMA E 2006
4.6 Simulation
Displaying the results
Button Function
Displays a legend for the display of simulation values.
Enables/disables the contour mode. A color is assigned to every value of the signal
strength, as default there is a continuous transition between the individual colors. If
the contour mode is enabled, different signal strengths are displayed as clearly
delineated ranges and only the colors listed in the legend are used.
The contour mode is available for the display of the signal strength and the signal-
to-noise ratio. The contour mode has no effect on the display of the other simulation
results.
Enables/disables a tooltip. As soon as you move the mouse within the simulation
area, this tooltip shows you information on the current position depending on the
view selected.
Selecting saving and deleting simulation results

The three following functions can only be used with a license for SINEMA E Standard:
Saving and calling up simulation results provides you with a simple means of comparing
results.
Button Function
The arrow symbol on this button only exists if you have saved simulation data. If
this is the case, clicking on the arrow symbol opens a drop-down list box containing
the names of the saved simulation data. You can enable or disable an entry in the
list by clicking on it. An enabled list entry has a check mark in front of it.
If you click on the left-hand part of the button again, all the simulation data enabled
in the list is displayed one after the other in the work area. The line above the
button shows which data is currently displayed. SINEMA E can store a maximum of
ten simulations. If you want to save an eleventh data record, a dialog appears
asking you if you want to delete the oldest record.
Saves the data of the simulation currently displayed in the work area. A dialog
opens in which you can assign a name to the data you are saving. The name must
consist of at least one character.
Deletes the data of the simulations with a check mark in front of them in the drop-
down list box. Before the data is finally deleted, you will be asked to confirm that
you want to delete it.
SINEMA E 2006
4.6 Simulation
4.6.2 Making the settings for the simulation view
Selecting the object for simulation

In the navigator, double-click on the object for which you want to run an RF field simulation.
You can choose the following objects:
● The plant:
The simulation window shows the site plan of the plant with the simulation results.
● A building:
The RF coverage is calculated for all floors of a building. The simulation window shows
the result for the first floor.
● A floor:
The simulation window shows the site plan of the selected floor with the simulation
results. The legend also shows the simulation height. You can set the height of the
simulation area in the properties window of the Modeling Editor.
Simulation area
Simulations are performed only within the simulation area, in other words, signal values are
calculated only for locations within this area. SINEMA E sets default values for the simulation
area but you can make your own settings when necessary. If no object is selected in the
Modeling Editor, you can make the following settings in the Simulation area section:
● Resolution
The number of measuring points within the simulation area. A lower resolution speeds up
the calculation because there are less points involved in the calculation. As an example,
with a simulation area of X = 90 m and Y = 90 m and a resolution of 30 m, only 16 values
are calculated. A higher resolution means a more accurate simulation.
Note
On completion of the simulation, the status bar shows the signal strength for the location
selected with the mouse pointer. If you move the mouse pointer within the simulation
area, this value will normally change. If the value does not change, the resolution is
possibly too low so that only a few values were calculated for the entire simulation area.
● Automatic resolution
SINEMA E sets the resolution for the calculation automatically.
● Automatic area
SINEMA E sets the simulation area automatically.
● Lock area
The simulation area is protected against being moved accidentally with the mouse.
● Area location
The coordinates of the left bottom corner of the simulation area.
● Area length (x-axis)
The length of the simulation area. The default for a newly created project is 605.
● Area depth (y-axis)
The depth of the simulation area. The default for a newly created project is 680.
SINEMA E 2006
4.6 Simulation
● Simulation height
The simulation is in a rectangular plane described by the area length, area depth and
simulation height. The entire three-dimensional room is not calculated, but only the
values in the plane of the specified height.
● Additional area
This parameter is only relevant for the automatic setting of the simulation area. Without
an additional area, SINEMA E sets the simulation area as the smallest possible rectangle
that includes all objects. If a value greater than zero is specified for the additional area,
this rectangle is increased on all four sides by a band with the specified width. The default
for a newly created project is 10.
Adapting the display in the Simulation window

The Simulation window has a series of buttons with which you can adapt the display of the
results.
● Transparency level
Opens the Transparency dialog in which you can set the percentage of transparency of
the graphically represented calculation results for each tab individually using a slider
control.
● Coverage filter
Opens the Coverage Filter dialog in which you can show or hide certain devices in the
simulation using check boxes.
– Select filter ID list
Expand the structure and hide or show the individual building, floors or WLAN
interfaces of the access points by selecting the display check box.
– Wireless Mode list
Show or hide individual frequency bands/WLAN modes by checking or unchecking the
boxes. The display of the relevant frequency bands is then shown or hidden as
selected for all devices.
● View Filters
Opens a pull-down menu in which you can show or hide a series of object types and
areas from the display of the simulation results by clicking on the display.
● Show legend
Opens the legend of the Simulation window.
Simulation options
With the Tools > Options menu, you can start the options editor in the work area. The
General Settings tab also provides several options that relate to the simulation:
● Show message dialog in case of warning message(s)
Warnings are displayed in a notification window. Errors are displayed in any case even if
this check box is not selected.
● Shoe contour mode as default at start of simulation
● Show simulation height dialog
Before starting the simulation, this dialog box allows you to check and, if necessary,
change the height for which the field strength is calculated.
● Start simulation after auto-placement
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4.6 Simulation
4.6.3 Running a simulation
Starting the simulation

Start the simulation of the plant or part of it as follows:
1. Open the floor you want to simulate in the Modeling Editor.
2. Set the simulation area in the properties window of the Modeling Editor if you do not want
to use the area set automatically by the program. Check the resolution and the other
parameters of the simulation area (the parameters are described in the section Modeling
floors).
3. Check and, if necessary, correct the settings of the simulation area of the other floors if
you want to run the simulation for a building or plant.
4. Select the required object (plant, building, floor) in the navigator.
5. Click on the Simulation button in the SINEMA E or Modeling Editor toolbar or select the
Start simulation command in the context menu of the selected object.
The "Confirm Simulation Height" dialog opens unless you made a different selection in
the options. This dialog also allows you to select the client you normally use in the Default
Client drop-down list box. You can adapt the content of the drop-down list box to suit your
situation, for more detailed information, refer to the sectionThe Sensitivity.xml
configuration file.
6. The status of the calculation is displayed below as a popup window. On completion of the
calculation, the simulation result is displayed in the Editor window.
7. If you want to interrupt simulation during the calculations, press the Ctrl + Q keys
simultaneously or press the Stop key. A dialog then appears asking you whether you
want to interrupt the simulation. Click on Yes to stop the simulation. Click on No to
continue.
Consistency check
Prior to starting simulation, the system runs a consistency check. As an alternative, you can
check the consistency of the project configuration manually at any time by clicking the Check
consistency button in the work area of the Modeling Editor.
If errors are found in the configuration, they are listed below in the output area. If you double-
click on an error message in the output area, the corresponding component is selected in the
Modelling Editor. This allows the error to be corrected and a new simulation started.
4.6.4 Displaying the simulation results
Various tabs of the simulation editor

The Simulation window shows the results of the RF field calculation within the area of the
configured access points. The simulation data is displayed graduated by color.
The legend to the right beside the work area indicates the color scale used in the Signal
Strength, Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Data Rate tabs and the color assignment to individual
access points in the Strongest Access Point and Overlapping tabs.
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4.6 Simulation
The various simulation results are shown in the following tabs:

● Signal Strength tab
Shows the simulation area with the calculated signal strength in the area of the
configured access points.
The areas in different colors representing different signal strengths visualize the RF field
but do not provide any detailed information on signal strength. The exact signal strengths
at position where the mouse pointer is located are therefore displayed in the status bar at
the lower edge of the program window.
● Signal Quality (SINR) tab
Shows the simulation area with the calculated signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of
the configured access points (SINR: signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio). The SINR in
the surroundings of an access point depends on the location and strength of neighboring
access points.
● Data Rate tab
Shows the simulation area with the calculated data rate in the area of the configured
access points.
● Strongest Access Point tab
Shows the simulation area with the areas in which one of the configured access points is
the strongest.
The strongest access point of an area does not necessarily need to be in the floor
currently displayed. In this case, the legend provides information on the location of the
device. Move the mouse pointer onto the entry in the legend for which there is no access
point icon in the work area. A tooltip appears showing the plant, building and floor.
Note
The Strongest Access Point tab also displays such areas for which 0 Mbps is shown in
the Data Rate tab. The reason for this is as follows: There is a display in the Strongest
Access Point tab as soon as a wireless signal is detected. Depending on the wireless
mode being used, however, this signal may not be strong enough for the minimum data
rate.
● Overlapping tab
Shows the simulation area with the simulated overlapping of the RF fields of the
configured access points.
If the simulation area is totally empty or totally colored, adapt the displayed degree of
overlapping in the legend with the Set signal threshold slider control. Only signals higher
than the set percentage value are displayed. Some applications require a certain signal
level. By setting the slider control to this specific signal level, you can see where this
application can potentially be used. The setting of the slider control is also included in
reports.
● Application Planning tab
Note
This tab is only displayed with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
SINEMA E provides predefined application profiles for common use cases.
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4.6 Simulation
4.6.5 Application planning
Note
The application planning function can only be used with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
Application profile
In practice, a wireless network is often intended for a specific purpose. The RF coverage
therefore needs to be simulated for use under certain conditions. in such situations, SINEMA
E allows you to perform application planning. Application planning makes use of application
profiles. An application profile groups together all the typical parameters of an application.
There are several predefined application profiles for common use cases:
● PNIO
A maximum of 50 clients per access point. Typical update time with five clients: 16 ms.
Each further client increases the update time by 2 ms. The maximum data for IPCF is 12
Mbps.
● TCP/IP
Typically between 20 and 30 clients at a signal strength of more than 60% up to a
maximum of 64 clients.
● VOIP (Voice over IP)
A maximum of 8 to 10 clients per access point. The recommended minimum data rate is
11 Mbps.
Using application planning

Follow the steps below to perform application planning:
1. Click on the Application Planning tab in the simulation view. To the right of the work area,
you will see the legend for the application planning. The legend assigns a color to each
access point for the graphic display of the RF coverage. You can also make entries here
for coverage filters.
2. Select the client type you are using in the Selected client type: drop-down list box.
SINEMA E calculates the signal propagation data.
3. Select the required entry from the Application profile: drop-down list box.
SINEMA E calculates the signal propagation data.
4. Select the wireless mode you want to use in the Wireless mode drop-down list box.
SINEMA E calculates the coverage for each access point that would be achieved with the
current settings and displays the result in the work area.
The result of the last application planning is included in a report if the report is to contain
information on application planning (Options > Settings for Reports).
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4.6 Simulation
4.6.6 The configuration file Sensitivity.xml
Receiver sensitivity of the client

How high the actual achievable data transfer rate is also depends on the receiver sensitivity
of the client. Before starting the simulation, select the client on which the simulation is based
in the Simulation Height dialog box. SINEMA E corrects the value for the signal strength
according to the selected client. For a client with a higher receiver sensitivity, SINEMA E
therefore shows a higher signal strength under the same conditions.
Adapting Sensitivity.xml
The content of the Default Client drop-down list box is set using the Sensitivity.xml file. You
will find this file in the installation directory of SINEMA E in the Catalogs subdirectory. It can
include the following:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Sensitivity FileVersion="1.0">
<ConsumerCard Name="SCALANCE W/IWLAN PB-Link"
ClientAdapterGain="9"/>
<ConsumerCard Name="Intel Centrino" ClientAdapterGain="10"/>
<ConsumerCard Name="Consumer Card" ClientAdapterGain="3"/>
</Sensitivity>
For each entry in the list, there is a Consumer Card tag with two attributes. The value of the
Name attribute appears in the drop-down list box. The value of the ClientAdapterGain
attribute is a correction value in dBm. This value is added to the signal strength that would
result from a simulation with the SIMATIC NET-CP 7515. If the simulation for a CP 7515
calculates a signal strength of -64 dBm, the simulation with a SCALANCE W client would
result in a signal strength of -55 dBm because the correction value for a SCALANCE W is
9 dBm.
You can add your own entries to be able to perform simulations for any client. It may be
necessary to calculate the value for the ClientAdapterGain attribute by making a comparative
measurement (for example with a site survey) between a CP 7515 and the new adapter.
SINEMA E 2006
4.7 HSP support
4.7 HSP support
4.7.1 Purpose of HSP support
Purpose of HSP support

Using the catalog browser, you can manage all the components for modeling obstacles and
devices in SINEMA E. If you want to make new components available, create them either in
the catalog browser or import suitable data records into SINEMA E. It is also possible to
export data from the catalog browser. This option for exchanging data records in SINEMA E
is called HSP support (HSP = Hardware Support Package).
Import/export and update

Each component group in the structure tree of the catalog browser contains the three lower-
level entries Siemens, Global Library and Project. Data can be imported and exported for
each global library and for each project library. A Siemens library cab be neither imported
nor exported, however an update is possible.
4.7.2 Importing and exporting catalogs
Import
Follow the steps below to import components into SINEMA E:
1. Double-click a component group for which you want to import data. The Siemens, Global
Library and Project entries are visible. if no project is open, the Project entry is not shown.
2. Select a Global Library or Project entry depending on whether you want the components
to be available in all projects or only in the currently open project.
3. Click the Import button at the lower edge of the catalog browser. A file selection dialog
opens in which you double-click on the file for the new components.
4. If the file contains data in the wrong format, a warning is displayed and the import is
stopped. This can, for example, occur if you want to import data for a material into the
access point catalog.
5. A dialog opens in which all the elements available in the selected file are listed with a
check box beside them.
6. Select the check boxes of all elements you want to import and click OK. If the name of an
element you are importing already exists in the catalog, a dialog opens in which you will
be asked whether or not you want to overwrite the existing element.
Following import, the new components are available in the structure tree of the catalog
browser.
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4.7 HSP support
Export
Follow the steps below to export components from SINEMA E:
1. Double-click a component group for which you want to import data. The Siemens, Global
Library and Project entries are visible. if no project is open, the Project entry is not shown.
2. Select the Global Library or Project entry depending on the location of the components
you want to export.
3. Click the Export button at the lower edge of the catalog browser. A dialog opens in which
all the elements available in this component group are listed with a check box beside
them.
4. Select the check box of all elements you want to export and, if necessary, click the
Browse button to change the path and file name of the export file.
5. Click the OK button to start the export.
4.7.3 Update Siemens catalogs
Downloading updated Siemens catalogs

The product range of the SIMATIC NET Industrial Wireless LAN products is constantly being
added to and there are regularly new versions of existing products available. It is therefore
possible to replace the Siemens catalogs in SINEMA E with updated versions.
You can download the latest version of the Siemens catalog for SINEMA E from the Internet
at the following address:
http://support.automation.siemens.com/WW/view/en/23775917
Procedure
Updating the catalog works only after you have closed the project.
Click on Tools in the menu bar and select the entry "Update Siemens Provided Catalog..."
Then click on the entry "Update catalog file" and select the file you downloaded earlier.
Synchronizing project data after updating a Siemens catalog

If a project was open during the update of a Siemens catalog, the project data is
automatically synchronized. On completion of the update, a dialog box informs you that the
project data is no longer up to date, You can then decide whether you want the project data
to remain as it was or whether SINEMA E should adopt the data from the updated Siemens
catalog.
If no project was open during the update, the next time a project is opened, SINEMA E
checks the consistency of project data and catalog data and displays a message in a dialog
box if differences are found.
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4.7 HSP support
4.7.4 Replacing catalogs
Copying project catalogs to global catalogs

Components from global catalogs can be used in all SINEMA E projects, components listed
under the Project entries are available only in that project and cannot be seen in other
projects. If you want components from project catalogs to be available generally in SINEMA
E, you can copy them from the project catalogs to global catalogs. Follow the steps outlined
below:
1. Go to the structure tree in the catalog browser and select the entry of the project from
which you want to transfer components to the global catalog.
2. Click the Copy catalog items to global library button. A dialog opens in which all the
elements available in the project catalog group are listed with a check box beside them.
As default, all the check boxes are selected. Uncheck the box beside any components
you want to exclude from the transfer to the global catalog.
If there is already a component with the same name in the Project catalog, a message to
this effect is displayed in the dialog box. If the check box of this component is selected,
the component of the same name will be overwritten in the global catalog.
3. Click the OK button to start copying. The copied components are then also listed in the
structure tree of the catalog browser.
4.7.5 Deleting catalog entries
Deleting from the global catalog and the project catalog

You can delete components you no longer require from the global catalog and the project
catalog. Follow the steps outlined below:
1. Select the component you want to delete in the structure tree of the catalog browser.
2. Click the Delete button.
SINEMA E 2006
4.8 Loading the configuration data of access points and clients

With SINEMA E, you can exchange configuration data between the configuration PC and a
Siemens access point or client in two directions:
● Load to device
Transfer of the configuration data from the configuration PC to an access point or client.
● Load to SINEMA
Transfer of the configuration data from the access point or client to the configuration PC.
The transfer can take place over the Ethernet or the WLAN interface of the devices.
Apart from using SINEMA E, you can also transfer the configuration data to access points or
clients with the PRESET PLUG. For more detailed information refer to /2/ and /3/.
4.8.1 Requirements for loading configuration data to a device or to SINEMA E
Requirements for data transfer between the configuration computer and WLAN devices
To exchange configuration data between the configuration PC and an access point or client,
the following requirements must be met:
● The PC must have an Ethernet interface or a WLAN communications processor.
● To transfer data over Ethernet, you require an Ethernet cable with an RJ-45 plug at both
ends.
● During initial commissioning, the IP address of the configuration computer must be in the
same address band as the online device (see Preparations for loading configuration
data).
● If you want to access online devices for the first time to download the configuration with
SINEMA E, You will need to define SINEMA E as an exception for the Windows XP
firewall.
Note
Commissioning IWLAN/PB links
IWLAN/PB links can only be configured over the WLAN interface. This means that a
IWLAN/PB link must be accessible and be configured consistently with the appropriate
network.
If there is an access point with the SSID WLAN_CONFIG_AP within the range of an
IWLAN/PB link, the IWLAN/PB link connects automatically to this access point. The
IWLAN/PB link can then continue to be commissioned with SINEMA E.
As an alternative, an IWLAN/PB link can be assigned parameters over Telnet and the CLI
interface available with it. For more detailed information, refer to /6/.
All the software components required for loading the configuration are installed on the PC
when you install SINEMA E.
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4.8.2 Preparing for loading configuration data
Setting the IP address of the SINEMA PC

Before loading, perform the steps outlined below:
1. Check the IP address of your SINEMA PC.
2. Check the IP address band of the network whose devices you want to access with your
SINEMA configuration computer (Network Settings window in the Device Editor).
3. Assign a fixed IP address to the SINEMA PC if the SINEMA PC is not located in the same
logical network as the online devices. This may, for example, be the case when the IP
address of your computer is managed by a DHCP server and the DHCP server assigns
IP addresses from an address band that is outside the SINEMA subnet.
If the IP addresses of your SINEMA PC and the online devices are in the same logical
network, you do not need to change the IP addresses of your computer.
NOTICE
Overwriting the IP address when loading to device
• Assigning an IP address
If you assign a new IP address to an online access point or client using the Initial
setup function or when you load the configuration data to an online device using the
Load to device function, the IP address of the online device is overwritten with the IP
address of the SINEMA E project. The online device then restarts following the initial
setup or the load procedure and then adopts the IP address of the SINEMA project. If
the new IP address of the online device is outside the subnet mask of your computer,
the online device will no longer the accessible to your computer following the restart.
• Disabling DHCP for SCALANCE W devices
SCALANCE W devices can be set with WBM or CLI so that they obtain the IP
address from a DHCP server(DHCP = enabled). When supplied, new access points
and client modules always have the setting DHCP = enabled. If you assign a
different IP address to an access point or client module when loading, the setting will
be changed to manual assignment of the IP address (DHCP = disabled).
Overwriting the IP address when loading to SINEMA
When loading configuration data from online devices to SINEMA E, the IP addresses of
the SINEMA E project are overwritten with the IP addresses of the online devices.
Checking security settings prior to loading

Before you load the configuration data from or to a device, check the security settings of the
network or the individual online devices. You will need to know the passwords for the
security settings.
Assigning a new IP address with the initial setup function

Using the Initial setup function, you can assign a new IP address to online devices without IP
address or with an IP address you do not want to use. To do this, follow the steps below:
1. Open the Load to Device window with File > Load to Device. After a brief delay, the
reachable devices are then displayed in the device list.
SINEMA E 2006
The IP address column of the online devices displays the IP address of the device if it
has an IP address; if the device does not have an IP address, the IP address of the
SINEMA project is proposed.
2. Open the Function selection drop-down list box and click on Initial setup.
3. Select the device whose IP address you want to change by checking the relevant Select
box.
4. For online devices to which you want to assign an new or different IP address, enter the
required IP address in the column of the online devices.
5. Click the Run button at the top of the window.
The new IP address is transferred to the selected devices.
Note
When you write a new IP address to an online IWLAN/PB link, the new IP address is
adopted in the SINEMA project. This does not apply to access points or clients.
4.8.3 Layout and functions of the Load to device window
Functions of the Load to device window
Note
If devices are not available online, one of the following reasons may be causing the problem:
• The device is downstream from a router.
• The primary setup unit of the device is not enabled.
• The device is currently rebooting.
• It is a virtual network adapter.
• You have selected the wrong network card.
After selecting the Online > Load to device menu command, the Load to device window
opens and the devices accessible online are detected. The window then displays the
following elements:
SINEMA E 2006
Figure 4-20 The Load to device window with the open drop-down list box for selecting functions
● At the top left in the drop-down list box for selecting the function
Select one of the following functions to execute:
– Load to Device
Select this function to transfer configuration data to online devices.
Note
Before the configuration data is transferred to the online devices with the Load to
Device button, the configuration already on the device (last configuration, see below)
is backed up in the SINEMA E project. This backup data with the online device
configuration is not visible to the user.
– Restore last configuration

Select this function if you want to undo the last configuration data transfer. Restore
last configuration restores the status before the last load action on the online devices.
– Restore backup
Select this function if you want to restore the saved status of the configuration on the
online device using the backup.
This is possible only if you backed up the original device configuration previously in
the Load to SINEMA window (File > Load to SINEMA menu) with the Get backup
button. Only one backup can be stored in SINEMA E per node. Only devices that have
a backup are displayed.
– Ping
The Ping function can only be executed with administrator privileges.
Use this function to check whether selected devices can be reached.
If the node can be reached, the message "Ping successful" appears above the device
list.
If the node could not be reached, the message "One or more devices were not
reachable, IP address may not be in the same subnet" appears above the device list.
If the node could not be reached because it does not have an IP address or the
address cannot be identified, the message "Initial configuration failure -> One or more
IP addresses were set to 0.0.0.0" appears.
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– Reset
With this function, you start a reset for the selected devices (to factory settings). The
Reset function also deletes the IP address on the device.
– Initial setup
Run this function to assign an IP address to the connected device. This is necessary
before loading the configuration data on the device if the device does not have an IP
address (new device from the factory) or if you want to assign a different IP address to
a device (refer to the sectionPreparing for loading configuration data).
● The Run button
With this button, you start the function selected in the drop-down list box.
● The Refresh button
With this button, you repeat the search for devices accessible online.
● The Default password input box
If the correct password is entered in the device passwords in the list, you do not need to
enter a password here. Enter a password in Default password in the following situations:
– When the configured passwords are the same for all devices to be loaded, you can
enter this password here.
– If you have not assigned any passwords in the security settings in SINEMA E, enter
the default password admin here.
● The Select/deselect all available access points check box
Enable the Select available access points option if you want SINEMA E to select all
available devices for the next planned function.
The device list

The device list of the Load to Device window displays the project data on the left and the
online data on the devices on the right.
The device list is made up of individual lists one of the other as described below. Depending
on the configuration and selected function (drop-down list box at the top left) either all or only
some of the lists are displayed:
● The access point device list
lists all configured access points
● The client device list
lists all configured clients
● The Type-assigned devices list
lists all devices available online that are assigned to a Siemens device type but not to a
project device. The Unassigned <MAC address> entry indicates a non-existent
assignment.
● The non-assigned device list
lists all devices available online that cannot be unambiguously assigned to project
devices.
The lists contain the following columns (from left to right):
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Project devices
● Status icon
– : Online device found
– : No online device found
Note
In the following situations, the configuration can be loaded to devices shown with the
icon:
• The device is located in a different physical subnet but is connected to the network
over a router.
• Client modules (SCALANCE W-74x) that have adopted their MAC address from
their connected node if this is connected to the configuration computer over the
WLAN interface.
See also MAC mode in Additional network settings of the client modules.
– : The online IP address is set to a user-defined or a project IP address. The icon

appears in the row of a project device if the IP address of the online device is
overwritten when the device is loaded.
– : An error occurred during the last action performed (a text is displayed if you move
the mouse pointer over the icon).
– : The last action was performed successfully.
● Select check box
Here, you select the devices for which you want to perform the next action (see Function
selection drop-down list box).
● Icon
– : Click to unlock the MAC address!
By clicking on the icon, you disassociate the online device from the assigned project
device. The online device is then transferred to the list of unassigned devices.
– : Device inconsistently configured
Only the function Reset or Backup can be performed for this device.
● Priority drop-down list box
Range of values: any, 1 ... n (where n = number of found devices)
In the drop-down list box, select the number for the order when loading the online
devices. 1 has the highest priority, any has the lowest priority.
There is no predictable order for devices with the same priority, regardless of whether this
is a number or the any setting.
NOTICE
Make sure that the devices are available when selecting the order, particularly if IP
addresses are overwritten.
Both access point and client devices restart after the configuration is loaded and are
then unavailable for a brief time. If the IP address is changed, it may not be possible to
reach devices downstream.
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● Device name
Displays the device name configured in SINEMA E.
– The Please choose device type drop-down list box is displayed in the Non-assigned
device list and you can assign the online device to a Siemens device type.
– The device name appears in the output box in the Type-assigned devices list. The
entry unassigned is displayed for online devices that are not assigned to a project
device.
● Device IP address
shows the IP address of the device configured in SINEMA E.
● Device Password input box
campier, you enter the password required for online access. If you have configured the
correct password in the security settings of the device in SINEMA E, you do not need to
make any entry here.
Please note the warnings in the following section Loading configuration data to the
device.
Online devices
● Device name
Displays the device name of the online device If the name of a device cannot be
identified, the Name not set entry is displayed.
● IP address of the device
– If the IP address of online devices was identified, the address is displayed in an output
box.
– For online devices without an IP address to which a project device with an IP address
is assigned, the IP address of the project device is proposed here.
– If devices do not have an IP address set, there is an input box for manual entry of the
IP address. The input box is visible only with the Initial setup function.
● Device MAC address
– For online devices with an identified MAC address, the MAC address is displayed in
the output box.
For project devices assigned to an online device, the MAC icon is also displayed to
the left in the row.
– If devices do not have a MAC address, you will see an empty output box.
– When project devices could not be assigned to an online device, you will find a drop-
down list box in which you can select from the possible MAC addresses found online.
Non-assigned project devices have the entry None. From the drop-down list box,
select the address of the suitable online device that you want to assign to the project
device.
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1 2
Figure 4-21 The device list in the Load to Device window
1. The columns of the project devices

2. The columns of the online devices
3. Device found: The IP address is overwritten here ( ). The device is not configured
consistently ( ) because no IP address was assigned.
4. Device found: The device can be reached ( ) but is not assigned (unknown device
type).
Assignment of devices for loading the configuration to the device

To load the configuration, the project device must be uniquely assigned to an online device.
Assign the project device to a device available online using the Device MAC address list.
If a device cannot be assigned to the SINEMA E project after the initial detection of the
devices accessible online, it appears in the Non-assigned device list or in the Type-assigned
devices list. You can assign a device from the Non-assigned device list to a Siemens device
type using the Select device type drop-down list box. It is then deleted in this list and entered
in the Type-assigned devices list.
Missing assignment of online devices when loading the configuration

If the configuration data of an unassigned online device is loaded in SINEMA, this device is
created in the physical view of the navigator of the SINEMA E project in the Unassigned
branch with the name Unassigned<MAC address>. Unassigned online devices must be
assigned to a project device.
If you find unassigned online devices but cannot assign them to a project device and want to
remove from the project, follow the steps outlined below:
1. Move the individual unassigned online devices to the floor of the project (context menu
Move Device To in the physical view of the navigator).
2. Delete or cut the devices from the floor (context menuCut or Delete) or remove the using
the Edit > Cut menu.
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How to load to a device

To load the configuration data to an access point or client, follow the steps below:
1. Connect the PC to the Ethernet over the Ethernet cable if you want to transfer the
configuration data over the Ethernet interface.
2. Start the PC and the SINEMA E program.
3. Open the Network Adapters tab from the Tools > Options... menu in SINEMA E. In the
list of network adapters, right-click on the adapter with which you want to establish the
connection to the online devices and then select the Set As Default Adapter menu
command (as an alternative: double-click on the network adapter).
The adapter is marked with a check mark and is now selected for communication with the
online devices.
4. Click on the SINEMA E menu command File > Load to Device.
The Load to Device window opens in the work area.
5. For several seconds, SINEMA E displays a message indicating that it is searching for the
devices that can be reached online and it then lists the configured devices and those
found online in the window.
6. Make sure that all the requirements for loading the configuration data have been met
(Preparing to load configuration data to the device or to SINEMA E).
7. Open the drop-down list box at the top left and select Load to Device.
8. Check the box of one or more devices configured in SINEMA E in the list, if the MAC
address was assigned (see MAC icon) and the device can be reached online (see
Online- device found icon).
Make sure that you read the Note below the No online device found icon in the section
The device list, Project devices.
9. As an alternative, make the following entry in the Default password input box:
– Do not enter anything if you have entered the device password for each device to be
loaded further down in the device list.
– Enter the device password if the configured device password is the same for all
devices to be loaded. You do not then need to repeat the device password for each
individual device in the Device password input box.
– Enter the default password "admin" if you have not assigned a password in the
security settings of the devices in SINEMA E.
When a device is first created, the password is set to the default Admin even if the
Device password box is empty. After transferring the password to the device, any
existing password is overwritten by the default password Admin and a security
problem could arise as a result. Prior to transfer to the device, a dialog box informs
you that the password will be changed. For security reasons, you should always use a
specific password when possible.
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10.Enter the password in the Device password input box if you configured the device with
security settings SINEMA E but did not enter a password.
NOTICE
Overwriting passwords
If you want to load a new configuration on an online device for which password
protection has already been configured (the device password is entered in the table in
the Load to Device window) and if you have a configured a new password at the same
time in the SINEMA E project, the password previously stored on the online device is
overwritten with the password from the SINEMA E project.
In the description of entering passwords below, note the order used by SINEMA E when
loading passwords.
• 1. The Device password in the device list.
If this was not entered, priority 2 is used.
• 2. The Default-password at the top in the Load to Device window.
If this was also not entered, priority 3 is used.
• 3. The password configured in SINEMA E.
11.Click on the Run button. The configuration data is transferred.

12.Enable the SINEMA E application for the Windows XP Firewall when prompted in the
dialog displayed by the Windows XP Firewall during loading (see also the section FAQs).
4.8.4 Layout and functions of the Load to SINEMA window
Functions of the Load to SINEMA window

After selecting the File > Load to SINEMA menu command, the Load to SINEMA window
opens and the devices accessible online are detected. The window then displays the
following elements:
● The Load to SINEMA button
Use this button to load the configuration data from online devices to SINEMA E.
● The Refresh button
With this function, you repeat the search for devices accessible online.
● TheGet backup button
With this button you load a backup of the current configuration data of the online devices
in SINEMA E. In the Load to Device window, you can later load this backup to the online
devices again if you want to replace a newly loaded configuration with the previous
configuration. You can also create backups for SCALANCE W devices if these are not
configured.
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● The Default password input box

If the correct password is entered in the device passwords in the list, you do not need to
enter a password here. Enter a password in Default password in the following situations:
– When the configured passwords are the same for all devices to be loaded, you can
enter this password here.
– If you have not assigned any passwords in the security settings in SINEMA E, enter
the default password "admin" here.
● The Device filter drop-down list
From the entries, select the devices from which you want to load the configuration data to
SINEMA E. The following alternatives are available:
– All
Selects all accessible devices for data transfer.
– Project MAC address
Selects the accessible devices for data transfer according to the MAC address
configured in SINEMA E.
The MAC address of online devices is stored but not displayed in SINEMA E.
– Project IP
Selects the accessible devices for data transfer according to the IP address
configured in SINEMA E.
– Custom MAC
Selects the accessible devices for data transfer according to the online MAC address.
– Custom IP
Selects the accessible devices for data transfer according to the online IP address.
● The Select/deselect all available devices check box
Check the box if you want SINEMA E to display all accessible devices for the next
function.
The device list

The device list of the Load to SINEMA window displays the project data on the left and the
online data of the devices on the right.
The device list is made up of individual lists one of the other as described below. Depending
on the configuration and selected function (drop-down list box at the top left) either all or only
some of the lists are displayed:
● The access point device list
lists all configured access points.
● The client device list
lists all configured clients.
● The Type-assigned devices list
lists all devices available online that are assigned to a Siemens device type but not to a
project device. The Unassigned <MAC address> entry indicates a non-existent
assignment.
● The non-assigned device list
lists all devices available online that cannot be unambiguously assigned to project
devices.
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The lists contain the following columns (from left to right):
Project devices
● Status icon
– : Online device found
– : No online device found
Note
In the following situations, the configuration can be loaded from devices shown with
the icon to SINEMA E:
• The device is located in a different physical subnet but is connected to the network
over a router.
• Client modules (SCALANCE W-74x) that have adopted their MAC address from
their connected node if this is connected to the configuration computer over the
WLAN interface.
See also MAC mode in Additional network settings of the client modules.
– : The online IP address is set to a user-defined or a project IP address. The icon

appears in the row of a project device if the online device is assigned to a project
device with a different IP address.
– : An error occurred during the last action performed (a text is displayed if you move
the mouse pointer over the icon).
– : The last action was performed successfully.
● Select check box
Check the devices intended for the Load to SINEMA function or for Get backup.
● Icon
– : Click to unlock the MAC address!
By clicking on the icon, you disassociate the online MAC address from the relevant
project device. The online device is then transferred to the list of unassigned devices.
– : Device inconsistently configured
Only the Backup function can be performed for this device.
● Priority drop-down list box
Range of values: any, 1 ... n (where n = number of found devices)
In the drop-down list box, select the number for the order when loading the online
devices. 1 has the highest priority, any has the lowest priority.
There is no predictable order for devices with the same priority, regardless of whether this
is a number or the any setting.
● Device name
Displays the device name configured in SINEMA E.
– The Please choose device type drop-down list box is displayed in the Non-assigned
device list and you can assign the online device to a Siemens device type.
– The device name appears in the output box in the Type-assigned devices list. The
entry unassigned is displayed for online devices that are not assigned to a project
device.
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● Device IP address
shows the IP address of the device configured in SINEMA E.
● Device Password input box
campier, you enter the password required for online access. If you have configured the
correct password in the security settings of the device in SINEMA E, you do not need to
make any entry here.
Please note the warnings in the following section Loading configuration data to SINEMA.
Online devices
● Device name
Displays the device name of the online device If the name of a device cannot be
identified, the Name not set entry is displayed.
● IP address of the device
– If the IP address of devices was identified, the address is displayed in an output box.
– If devices do not have an IP address or it cannot be read, you will see an empty output
box.
– If devices do not have an IP address set (for example new devices from the factory),
there is an input box for manual entry of the IP address. When you load the
configuration to SINEMA, the IP address you entered is written to the online device. In
the case of an IWLAN/PB link, this IP address is also adopted in the project.
● Device MAC address
– For online devices with an identified MAC address, the MAC address is displayed in
the output box.
For project devices assigned to an online device, the MAC icon is also displayed to
the left in the row.
– If devices do not have a MAC address, you will see an empty output box.
– When project devices could not be assigned to an online device, you will find a drop-
down list box in which you can select from the possible MAC addresses found online.
Non-assigned project devices have the entry None. From the drop-down list box,
select the address of the suitable online device that you want to assign to the project
device.
Assignment of devices for loading the configuration to SINEMA E

To load the configuration, the project device must be uniquely assigned to an online device.
Assign the project device to a device available online using the Device MAC address list.
If a device cannot be assigned to the SINEMA E project after the initial detection of the
devices accessible online, it appears in the Non-assigned device list or in the Type-assigned
devices list. You can assign a device from the Non-assigned device list to a Siemens device
type using the Select device type drop-down list box. It is then deleted in this list and entered
in the Type-assigned devices list.
Missing assignment of online devices when loading the configuration

If the configuration data of an unassigned online device is loaded in SINEMA, this device is
created in the physical view of the navigator of the SINEMA E project in the Unassigned
branch with the name Unassigned<MAC address>. Unassigned online devices must be
assigned to a project device.
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If you find unassigned online devices but cannot assign them to a project device and want to
remove from the project, follow the steps outlined below:
1. Move the individual unassigned online devices to the floor of the project (context menu
Move Device To in the physical view of the navigator).
2. Delete or cut the devices from the floor (context menuCut or Delete) or remove the using
the Edit > Cut menu.
Loading to SINEMA
To load the configuration data of online devices to SINEMA, follow the steps below:
1. Connect the PC to the Ethernet over the Ethernet cable if you want to transfer the
configuration data over the Ethernet interface.
2. Start the PC and the SINEMA E program.
3. Open the Network Adapters tab from the Tools > Options... menu in SINEMA E. In the
list of network adapters, right-click on the adapter with which you want to establish the
connection to the online devices and then select the Set As Default Adapter menu
command (as an alternative: double-click on the network adapter),
The adapter is marked with a check mark and is now selected for communication with the
online devices.
4. Click on the SINEMA E menu command File > Load to SINEMA.
The Load to SINEMA window opens in the work area.
5. For several seconds, SINEMA E displays a message indicating that it is searching for the
devices that can be reached online and it then lists the configured and online devices in
the window.
6. Make sure that all the requirements for loading the configuration data have been met
(Preparing to load configuration data to the device or to SINEMA E).
7. Check the box of one or more devices in the list if the MAC address was assigned (see
MAC icon) and the device can be reached (see Online device found icon).
Please read the Note under the No online device found icon in the section The device list,
Project devices.
8. As an alternative, make the following entry in the Default password input box:
– Do not enter anything if you have entered the device password for each device further
down in the device list.
– Enter the relevant password if the configured password is the same for all devices
whose configuration is to be loaded to SINEMA E. You do not then need to repeat the
device password for each individual device in the device password input box.
– Enter the default password "admin" if you have not assigned a password to the online
devices in the security settings.
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9. Enter the password in the Device password input box if you configured the device with
security settings SINEMA E but did not enter a password there.
NOTICE
Overwriting passwords
If you want to load the configuration of an online device already configured with
password protection to SINEMA E (the device password is entered in the table in the
Load to SINEMA window), the password stored in the SINEMA E project will be
overwritten with the password of the online device.
In the description of entering passwords below, note the priority used by SINEMA E
when loading passwords.
• 1. Priority: The Device password in the device list.
If this was not entered, priority 2 is used.
• 2. Priority: The Default-password at the top in the Load to SINEMA window.
If this was also not entered, priority 3 is used.
• 3. Priority: The password configured in SINEMA E
10.Click on the Load to SINEMA button. The configuration data is transferred.

11.Enable the SINEMA E application for the Windows XP Firewall when prompted in the
dialog displayed by the Windows XP Firewall during loading (see also the section FAQs).
4.8.5 Updating firmware or configuration files
Transferring new firmware or configuration files

This function is used to transfer new firmware or a new configuration to SCALANCE
X3xx/X4xx devices. You can also start this function without opening a project. The procedure
is identical in either case.
Note
The firmware/configuration file must be stored on a TFTP server because the devices fetch
this file from a TFTP server. The TFTP server is not part of SINEMA E.
SNMP V1 must be enabled on all devices to allow SINEMA E to recognize the devices.
Follow the steps below to transfer an update:

1. Save the configuration or firmware file on the computer acting as the TFTP server.
2. Select "Update Firmware/Configuration" in the "Online" menu or click the button.
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3. Choose one of the scan types in the "Scan options" dialog box. Click the appropriate
check box and confirm with "OK". SINEMA E searches for reachable devices and
displays them in a table. Only devices that support firmware/configuration update by
SINEMA E are displayed. The "Scan options" dialog opens automatically the first time
you use this function, you can, however, open it again later manually by clicking the
"Scan Network" button. There are two ways of scanning for SCALANCE X devices:
– PROFINET scan: SINEMA E scans automatically for devices that are online in
PROFINET and that support an update of the firmware/configuration by SINEMA E.
– IP address range scan: Select an IP address range or add a new IP address range.
You can add up to 10 address ranges. Use the check boxes to select the address
ranges to be scanned.
4. Enter the workgroup name and/or an alternative name in the intended boxes and adapt
the signal delay time to your situation (1000 ms is the SINEMA E default).
Figure 4-22 The Scan options dialog
SINEMA E will only list devices whose IP address is in the specified range and that support
updating of the firmware/configuration by SINEMA E.
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Figure 4-23 Selection list
1. Select the devices you want to configure from the table.

2. In the drop-down list, decide whether you want to load the firmware or the configuration to
the selected devices.
Figure 4-24 Firmware / Configuration Upload
3. Enter the address of the TFTP server that contains the configuration file in the "TFTP
address" input box. SINEMA E initially enters the IP address of the network connection of
the computer selected in the options as the TFTP server. If you want a different computer
to operate as the TFTP server, enter its address in the box.
Figure 4-25 TFTP address
4. Enter the file name with the appropriate file extension (.lad /.cfg) in the mandatory input
box "Firmware" or "Configuration". Make sure that the firmware or configuration file
matches the devices on which it will be loaded. A device can only start up with a
firmware/configuration file suitable for the device type.
5. Enter values for the "Private SNMP community" or "Alternative private SNMP community"
parameters of the selected devices.
6. Click the "Prepare Load" button to initiate the loading of the selected devices. The
device status changes from "green" to "yellow-green" if this is successful.
7. Using the "Load and Reboot" button, instruct the selected devices (status "yellow-
green") to download the new configuration from the TFTP server and to reboot
themselves.
If there is a restart, the device status changes to "orange". This status remains the same
during booting. How long booting takes depends on the device type. If the restart is
successful, the status is set to "dark green". The device can be reached again, is operational
and the new firmware/configuration file is being used.
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The version number of the newly transferred firmware is displayed in the device table when
you click the "Update device list" button.
If the procedure is interrupted with an error message, attempt to repeat it. You can display
the error message by moving the mouse pointer over the red dot symbolizing the error state.
If the "Load and reboot" procedure is unsuccessful, the previous configuration remains
active.
Note
The most common errors are logon errors. This has to do with the buffer on the device. A
repetition then achieves success.
Note
Check the address of the TFTP server if there is a timeout during TFTP access. When
SINEMA E is started, the IP address of the local interface card is always entered as the
TFTP address. In this case, change the TFTP address and run "Prepare Load" and "Load
and Reboot" again.
Note
If the device does not accept the firmware/configuration type, enter the name of a
firmware/configuration file suitable for the device and repeat "Prepare Load" and "Load and
Reboot".
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4.9 Site survey
4.9 Site survey
4.9.1 Performing a site survey measurement and the results
Note
The Site Survey function can only be used with a license for SINEMA E Standard.
Introduction
The structure of a wireless network should be carefully planned to achieve maximum
functionality. SINEMA E provides numerous planning and simulation functions to help you. A
comprehensive simulation can, nevertheless, never model with 100% accuracy. SINEMA E
therefore also provides the option of measuring the RF propagation of an existing wireless
installation. On the other hand, there is little chance of finding the optimum wireless
configuration by trial and error simply using site survey measurements with no planning or
simulation.
If only few measurements are made at few measurement points, the results will only have a
very limited value. The measurements should also be made at a time when the normal
operating conditions apply (for example, interference caused by other equipment). If you
keep these points in mind, you can use the site survey function efficiently to verify and
optimize the SINEMA E planning or use it to check the wireless devices already in use when
starting the planning phase (preliminary site survey).
Procedure
For a SINEMA E site survey, you require a notebook with a wireless adapter and on which
SINEMA E is installed. If you use a SIMATIC NET CP 7515 or other adapter with the Atheros
chipset as the wireless adapter, you can also use the SINEMA E advanced mode. Compare
the current SINEMA E readme and the information provided by the vendor of your wireless
adapter.
When performing the site survey move round within your WLAN installation with the
notebook and mark the individual measurement points by clicking in the SINEMA E site
survey editor with the mouse. The value measured by the wireless adapter at this point
(signal strength, channel, transmission mode) can then be linked to the coordinates of the
measurement point.
As an alternative, there is also a mode in which you move along a straight path at constant
speed and only mark changes in direction by clicking with the mouse. SINEMA E then takes
measurements at cyclic intervals and assigns them to the path between two changes of
direction. This speeds up the acquisition of site survey data considerably when large areas
are involved.
Result
On completion of the site survey, SINEMA E displays the recorded data as a sort of WLAN
map. Areas with a different signal strength or SINR (signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio)
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4.9 Site survey
are indicated by different colors. You can record several records for one environment
allowing you to visualize and analyze the signal strengths at different times.
4.9.2 Functions of the Site Survey Editor
Toolbar of the Site Survey Editor

Here, you will find all the functions for measuring and displaying a wireless LAN. The
functions can be divided into the following groups:
● Changing the view in the Site Survey Editor
● Specifying a filter for the view
● Performing the measurement
● Displaying the results
Changing the view in the Site Survey Editor
Button Function
Enlarges the area opened in the work area.
Enlarges the display in the work area.

Reduces the display in the work area.
Opens a drop-down list box for selecting a scaling factor.
Opens a drop-down list box for selecting the degree of transparency for the color
display of the measurement results.
Specifying a filter for the view
Button Function
Opens a drop-down list box in which you can select elements to be displayed in the
work area. If a category in the list has a check mark, the relevant element will be
displayed.
Performing the measurement
Button Function
Deletes the last measurement made. By clicking more than once, you can also
delete several measured values.
Starts and ends the measurement with defined measurement points.
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4.9 Site survey
Button Function
Starts and ends a continuous measurement.
When this is enabled, you can move measurement points.
Enables/disables advanced mode. In this mode, your computer does not need to be
connected to a wireless network to perform measurements. All channels of the 2.4
and 5 GHz bands are scanned. To speed up measurement, the number of channels
can also be restricted (site survey settings, see below). This mode is possible only
when the computer has a wireless adapter with an Atheros chipset (for example
SIMATIC NET CP 7515, SINEMA E was tested with this adapter) and a special
device driver is installed.
In advanced mode, SINEMA E measures all reachable WLANs. If advanced mode is
disabled, it only measures the signal strength of the network to which a connection
was established.
Opens a dialog box for site survey settings. Here, for example, you set a grid for the
work area, details of the advanced mode and scan times.
Displaying the results
Button Function
Displays a legend for the display of measured values. Clicking this button a second
time closes the window area with the legend.
Opens a tab to display the site survey results.
Sets / resets the contour mode.
Compares calculated simulation results with the measured values.
Opens a window with a 3D representation of the work area.
When this is enabled, a tooltip is displayed when you move the mouse over a
measurement point.
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
4.9.3 Specifying the site survey settings
Background image and calibration

A background image used in the Modeling Editor (floor plan) is also displayed in the Site
Survey-Editor. It is advisable to use a background image because it simplifies both spatial
orientation during measurements and the interpretation measured results.
You can only run a site survey if you have already calibrated the floor in question. During
calibration, you set the scale for display in the work area. Follow the steps below to calibrate
the work area:
1. Click the "Calibrate" button in the toolbar of the Modeling Editor.

2. While holding down the mouse button, mark a stretch with a known length in the work
area, for example the length of a room.
3. A dialog box opens in which you can enter the actual length of the stretch you selected in
the work area.
Standard mode
This mode does not make any special demands in terms of the wireless adapter. The
wireless adapter must be connected to a network (SSID) over the Client Manager of
Windows or the adapter manufacturer. Only values of access points with this SSID are read.
This is possible only when the security key and the SSID are known.
Advanced mode
If your computer is equipped with a SIMATIC NET CP 7515 or other adapter with an Atheros
chipset, you can enable advanced mode. You can check which adapters with the Atheros
chipset have been tested in the readme file. This also lists adapters the work with SINEMA E
but that have not yet been tested. To operate a wireless adapter in advanced mode, a
special device driver must be installed.
In advanced mode, SINEMA E measures all reachable WLANs and not only the signal
strength of the network to which a connection was established (see settings in the Advanced
Mode tab).
You can enable advanced mode by clicking the button in the toolbar of the site survey
editor.
Site survey parameters

Clicking the Site Survey Settings button opens a dialog box with four tabs in which you
can set the site survey parameters. Here, for example, you can set the grid size for the
display or the time interval between measurements. The following sections describe the
possible settings.
Grid tab
You can decide whether or not grid lines are displayed in the work area. You can also select
the line color and decide whether or not the default line spacing is used. If you do not use the
default line spacing, you can set the spacing in the input box.
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
Advanced Mode tab

In advanced mode, your computer does not need to be connected with a wireless network to
perform measurements. This mode is possible only when the computer has a SIMATIC NET
CP 7515 or alternatively a different wireless adapter with an Atheros chipset and a special
device driver of SINEMA E is installed. If a CP 7515 is installed before you run the
SINEMA E installation, this driver is installed automatically. If the driver is not installed, you
will need to install it separately (folder sinema\setup\driver on the SINEMA E installation CD).
You can select the frequency bands and the time for which access points are searched for.
The following scan times can be set:
● Maximum time for active scanning: 1 ... 299 seconds
● Scan time per channel: 1 ... 499 milliseconds
Site Survey Coverage Maps tab

Here, you make the detailed settings that decide how SINEMA E makes the site survey
calculations.
● Coverage map profile
Here, you select the basic settings with which SINEMA E performs the site survey
calculation. For the parameters listed below (grid distance, limit values), SINEMA E uses
the defaults that you cannot change. If you want to use other values, select the "User
Profile".
– AP Location
A profile optimized for locating the position of access points.
– Max
When displaying results, SINEMA E uses the maximum value of a grid cell if there is
more than one measured value within the cell.
– Mean
When displaying results, SINEMA E uses the average value of a grid cell if there is
– Min
When displaying results, SINEMA E uses the minimum value of a grid cell if there is
– User Profile
You can set all the site survey parameters yourself.
Note
You can also set the profile for the site survey calculation in the legend of the "Signal
Strength" or "SINR" tabs of the Site Survey Editor.
If you use the "User Profile" calculation profile, the following options are enabled
(otherwise the program defaults are used):
● Refined measurement list option
This drop-down list box has the entries Min, Max and Mean. Depending on the selection
made here, the displayed results will show the minimum value, the maximum value or the
mean value per grid cell if there is more than one measured value within a grid cell.
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
● Refined grid size

SINEMA E uses the value of the grid size entered here for the display of the refined
measurement results.
● Limit extent of interpolation
This value decides the radius around each measurement location (reference point) up to
which a measured value is interpolated with the same signal strength.
● Limit extent of the surface fit
The value entered here sets the radius for which the RF coverage around a
measurement point is mapped in the "Signal Strength" tab of the Site Survey Editor.
● Enable Contour Mode
Different signal strengths are displayed as sharply delineated areas.
General tab
The parameters in this tab relate to the continuous measurement.
● Measurement height for site survey
During the calculations, SINEMA E assumes that the device used for the measurements
is at the specified height.
● Timeout for continuous measurements
After the time entered here, the continuous measurement is stopped even if the user
does not click the STOP button in the toolbar.
4.9.4 Performing a site survey
Procedure
The steps involved depend on whether or not you perform the site survey in standard or
advanced mode:
Standard mode
Establish a connection to a WLAN:
● Select the Windows menu Start > Settings > Control Panel > Network and Dial-up
Connections.
● Double-click on the Wireless Network Connection entry. A dialog opens showing a list of
the drivers of the available wireless adapters.
● Start the search for drivers of the existing wireless network adapters by clicking on
Refresh network list. You may need to change your location to come within the
transmission range of an access point.
Note
In standard mode, if there are two or more access points with the same SSID, SINEMA E
always displays the access point to which there is a connection.
Then follow the steps outlined below:
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
1. Click the button to perform a measurement at defined points, or click the button to
perform a continuous measurement. A dialog box appears in which you can enter the
following data:
– A name for the measurement
– The name of the user
– A description
The mouse pointer now takes the shape of a cross-hair in the Site Survey Editor.
2. Measurement at defined points
Now take your PC to all the points at which you want to make measurements and select
the corresponding position in the Site Survey Editor. A completed measurement is shown
as a small flag in the Site Survey Editor.
Continuous measurements
Enable the "Continuous measurements" mode with the button. Now define the start and
end point of your measurements. No measurements have been made yet. Once you
have set both points, a dialog opens for the remaining user guidance. Go to the start
point of your planned measurement and click the "Start" button. Now walk on a direct line
to the end point keeping your speed as constant as possible. When you get there, click
the "Stop" button. SINEMA E takes measurements at regular intervals and assigns them
to the direct line between the entered starting point and end point.
At the bottom edge of the Site Survey Editor, you will see a list of measured values and
additional information.
3. If you do not want to make any more measurements, click the button again or to
complete the series of measurements.
Advanced mode
If your computer is equipped with a SIMATIC NET CP 7515 or other adapter with an Atheros
chipset, you can enable advanced mode after making the following preparations.
● If the wireless adapter was not plugged in when SINEMA E was installed, you will need to
install a special driver (folder sinema\setup\driver on the SINEMA E installation CD).
● Enable advanced mode with the button.
● Make the required site survey settings. You can open the dialog box for this with the
button.
Then follow the steps outlined below:
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
1. Click the button to perform measurements at defined points. Continuous

measurement is not possible in advanced mode.
– A name for the measurement
– The name of the user
– A description
The mouse pointer now takes the shape of a cross-hair in the Site Survey Editor.
2. Measurement at defined points
Now take your PC to all the points at which you want to make measurements and select
the corresponding position in the Site Survey Editor. A completed measurement is shown
as a small flag in the Site Survey Editor.
If advanced mode is enabled, SINEMA E indicates whether or not it is currently searching
for access points. In this case, a STOP button is displayed in the toolbar of the Site
Survey Editor:
If this is the case, you should not change your location until SINEMA E displays the
button for continuing the measurement:
If this button is displayed, SINEMA E is not currently searching for access points.
3. If you do not want to make any more measurements, click the button again to
complete the series of measurements.
4.9.5 Editing site survey data
Showing the data in the navigator

If a site survey was performed for a project, the data of the measurement(s) can be shown in
the physical view of the navigator. Below the corresponding floor, you will see a folder icon
for site survey data with the name of the individual measurements.
If you click on an entry in the site survey data folder, SINEMA E opens the Site Survey Editor
and displays both the relevant floor plan and a table with the measured values. The table
contains the following information for each measurement:
● Measurement no.
The consecutive number of the measurement.
● BSSID
(Basic Service Set IDentifier) If there is an access point in a cell, the BSSID is the MAC
address of the access point.
● SSID
(Service Set Identifier) The network name of the WLAN.
● Coordinates
The coordinates of the measurement point in the coordinate system of the Modeling
Editor.
● Signal strength
The received signal strength in dBm. Values between -30 dBm and -101 dBm will be
displayed depending on the wireless adapter in your notebook.
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
● Wireless mode
The 802.11 standard used for communication. SINEMA E supports the standards
802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g and 802.11h.
● Channel
The channel used for communication when the measurement was made.
● SNR
(Signal to Noise Ratio) The signal-to-noise ratio determined for the measurement; it is
calculated from the difference between the noise level and signal strength.
● Data Rate
The data rate achieved during the measurement.
● "Noise level"
Measured noise level at the time of the measurement (applies only to Windows XP). In
Windows Vista, this value cannot be measured and a default value is entered. This can
be modified later by selecting the appropriate rows and to the "Update Noise Level" menu
command in the context menu.
● "Last Update Time"
Time at which the measuring point was measured"
● "Wireless Network Adapter"
Wireless LAN adapter used
● "MAC Address"
MAC address of the wireless LAN adapter
Note
The data rate is displayed only in standard mode and only for a CP 7515 or an adapter
with an Atheros chipset. The maximum possible data rate can be higher than the
displayed data rate if predominantly management information (control frames) was
exchanged at the time of the measurement.
To make it easier to assign the measurement point to the entry in the table, when you select
a measurement point, the corresponding row in the table is also selected.
It is, of course, also possible to select a row in the table and the corresponding measurement
point will also be selected.
Merging site survey data

SINEMA E provides the option of merging data from different measurement series and
displaying it together. This can be useful in various situations:
● You can merge measurements from different locations or parts of the floor to obtain a
general overview.
● You can merge measurements made at different times to obtain an average of the data.
● You can perform a preliminary site survey to measure the RF coverage of a mobile
access point at different positions. After merging the individual measurements, you
already have a realistic impression of the overall installation with several access points.
Follow the steps below to merge your data:
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
1. Select the site survey data folder icon in the navigator and right-click to open the context
menu.
2. Select the Merge Site Survey menu command. A dialog box opens in which all the
measurements for the floor are listed.
3. Select the check boxes in front of the measurements you want to merge.
4. Use the Remove old data sets option to decide whether or not the original data records
should be deleted after merging.
5. Click the Merge button.
Creating a user-defined data record

From the measured data, you can create a new modified user data record.
1. Select the Site Survey folder and right-click or select the relevant data record and right-
click on it.
2. In the shortcut menu that appears, select the entry "Create User Defined Data Record".
Once you have selected the folder, an input dialog opens showing all the site survey data
records of this floor.
3. Select the data record you require by clicking on the check box. If you selected the data
record directly, this step is skipped.
An input dialog opens for the header data of the new data record you are defining.
4. Make the following entries in the input dialog:
Box name Description

Name of the site survey Here, you enter the name for the generated site
survey. This box is mandatory. You can search
for the box contents and filter.
User name Enter the name of the user. You can search for
the box contents and filter.
Description Enter a data record description. You can search
for the box contents and filter.
Correction Value Enter the correction factor. You can search for
the box contents and filter.
Wireless Adapter Name Enter the name of the WLAN adapter for which
this data record is intended. This box is
mandatory. You can search for the box contents
and filter
MAC address Enter a MAC address of the adapter. This does
not need to be a valid MAC address. You can
search for the box contents and filter.
Note
The boxes in the input dialog followed by a red exclamation point are mandatory boxes and
must be completed. Entries in the other fields are optional.
1. Once you have made all the entries, confirm with the Create button.
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
The new data record is created and stored with the data records of the site survey of the
selected floor.
Information on changing survey data

Follow the steps below to change information relating to the site survey data:
1. Select the relevant data record in the navigator.
2. Right-click and select Object Properties in the context menu. A dialog with the text boxes
Site Survey Name, User Name and Description opens. Make the changes you require.
3. Click on OK to save the changes.
Deleting site survey data

You can delete data you no longer require as follows:
1. Select the data record you want to delete in the navigator.
2. Right-click and select Delete in the context menu.
4.9.6 Displaying the measurement results
Signal strength
Click on the Signal Strength tab to see the signal strength.
Signal-to-noise ratio
Click on the Signal-to-Noise Ratio tab to display a representation of the signal-to-noise ratio.
On the right-hand side of the work area, SINEMA E displays the legend in which each color
represents a signal strength value. You can hide the legend by clicking the button.
Difference view
SINEMA E allows you to compare the values measured during the site survey with the
theoretical, calculated values of a simulation. This is, of course, only possible when the
structural environment and the existing access points were created in the Modeling Editor.
Click on the Difference View button to display the result of the comparison between
calculated and measured values. The meaning of the symbols is shown in the legend. You
can hide the legend by clicking the button.
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
4.9.7 Trending Graph
Trending Graph
Start the signal analyzer in the "Trending Graph" view with the "Trending Graph" button.
A new window opens in the site survey editor in place of the statistics window. You can
switch between the windows with the tabs below the window. This function is only available
in site survey mode.
Using the signal analyzer, you can investigate the signal strengths and qualities of all
sending wireless networks on the configured site. You can check both the existing signal
coverage and the signal coverage of the components installed in the project.
Window
Figure 4-26 Trending Graph window; advanced mode enabled
The left hand side of the window shows the information relating to the individual devices. The
device name, MAC address, transmission channel and signal strength of detected devices
are displayed.
The signal strength relates to the current time of the measurement. This is represented by
the continuous vertical bar.
The right hand side of the window illustrates the current signal strength graphically related to
the location of the measuring computer. The units are displayed as RSSI (in % or dB on the
vertical axis) over time (in seconds on the horizontal axis).
You can expand or reduce the display boxes with the mouse. The divider between the two
halves of the window can be moved with the mouse.
Possible settings
You can obtain the graphic display of the trending graph in the two following modes:
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
Advanced mode
● Enabled: SINEMA E measures the signal strengths of all reachable WLANs without the
computer needing to be connected to them.
● Disabled: SINEMA E measures only the signal strength of the network to which a
connection was established.
You can enable or disable the advanced mode with the button.
With advanced mode enabled, use the check box before the device name to select the
devices for which you want a graphic display of the signals. The color area shows the color
in which the signal trend of the selected device will be displayed in the right-hand window.
You can select several devices for display.
You select the sampling speed using the button which opens a drop-down list.
Figure 4-27 Selecting the sampling speed
The following options are available:

● Slow
● Medium
● Fast
The vertical blue line in the display window represents the current position of the time axis.
Using the "Pause" button, you can interrupt the sampling or resume an interrupted sampling
with the "Start" button. The time continues to run during the sampling pause.
You can switch the display between "%" and "dB" with the "%" or "dB" buttons. The central
bar changes between the "%" and "dB" scales.
SINEMA E 2006
4.9 Site survey
With the "Delete" button, the trending graph display is reset and the sampling begins
again.
Note
You will experience a loss of performance if you perform a measurement in the site survey
editor during sampling. You should not perform the two tasks at the same time.
Under Windows XP, the advanced mode causes a loss of performance in the site survey
module. This problem does not occur with Windows Vista.
SINEMA E 2006
4.10 Reports
4.10 Reports
4.10.1 Report functions of SINEMA E
Purpose and scope of a report

When commissioning and later troubleshooting in WLAN networks in an industrial
environment, is it very important to be able to analyze the installed network based on the
relevant documentation. The report function documents the entire SINEMA E project
including the configuration data. This is achieved by creating an HTML file that can be
opened in every WEB browser and printed out as plant documentation. The report contains
not only the information on the SCALANCE W hardware including ordering data but also a
graphic representation of the simulation results.
Uses of the report function

Using the report function has advantages, for example, in the following situations:
● A report allows even untrained personnel to be able to put the hardware in the right place
at the customer's site. This saves both time and money in the overall installation.
● SCALANCE W networks can be documented with SINEMA E at any time with the
environment plan in the background. This make technical details traceable even if the
environment changes over time. This can be important for warranty questions.
● The information of a report is available if expansions or modifications are required in the
future and it is not necessary to make all parameter settings again from scratch.
4.10.2 How to create a report
Procedure
Select the Tools > Options menu command and bring the Report Settings tab to the
foreground to configure a report.
Note
The Site Survey, Application Planning and Contour Mode functions can only be used with a
license for SINEMA E Standard.
SINEMA E 2006
4.10 Reports
Figure 4-28 Window for report settings
You have the following options when configuring a report:

● Paper
Select the paper format for the printout from the drop-down list box:
– A4, A3, A2, or A1 (ISO formats) or
– Letter (ANSI A format, 8.5 x 11 inches) or
– Universal (216 x 304 mm)
● Orientation
Set Portrait or Landscape as the page layout.
● Devices
Specify the IWLAN components for which information will be included in the report:
– Access points
– Clients
– Antennas
SINEMA E 2006
4.10 Reports
● Images
Here, you specify how images are handled in the printout:
– Split
Spreads larger images over several pages
– Fit to paper size
Fits the printout to the paper format
– Original
Prints the image in its original size
● Cover Information
Here, you enter the information Author, Company and Department. These entries will be
included at the start of the report.
● General information
Here, you can enter comments about the report.
● Scale
Specify the scale for the floor plan images:
– None
No scale
– Top and left
Scale at the top and left margin of the image
– Bottom and right
Scale at the lower and right margin of the image
● General
Here, you specify the additional information to be included in the report:
– Notes
This includes the comments from the Project Properties dialog and from the comment
lines in the properties window for the plant, the building and the floors in the report.
– Buttons
Buttons are added to allow convenient navigation within the report.
– Floor plan
The floor plans are included in the report.
– Label
The reports and the maps are labeled.
– Legend
The maps are created with a legend.
– Site Survey
The site survey results are included in the report.
SINEMA E 2006
4.10 Reports
● Simulation
Here, you specify which maps from the calculation of the RF field simulation are included
in the report:
– Plant simulation
Plant plan with representation of the outdoor signal strength
– Signal strength
Representation of the calculated signal strength
– Signal-to-noise ratio
Representation of the signal-to-noise ratio
– Application Planning
Representation of the results of application planning
The application used in the last simulation is also used for the report.
– Data rate
Representation of the calculated data rate
– Strongest access point
Representation of the calculated strongest access point
– Overlapping
Representation of the overlapping of the access points
The threshold used in the last simulation is also used for the report.
– Contour mode
The results are presented in contour mode
● Other options
– Show "Confirm Simulation Height" dialog
A dialog for querying/confirming the simulation height opens
– Show message for the filter setting
Displays the current filter setting used for the report
● Site Survey Data
– All
All the site survey measurements are added to the report
– Recent
Only the last site survey measurement is added to the report
– Configure
You can set the required site survey measurements in a configuration window
● Site Survey Graphs
– Signal strength
Representation of the signal strength of the site survey measurements
– Signal-to-noise ratio
Representation of the signal-to-noise ratio of the site survey measurements
– Signal difference
Representation of the difference between simulation and measurement
– Contour mode
The results are presented in contour mode
SINEMA E 2006
4.10 Reports
Select the File > Create Report menu command.

SINEMA E creates the report in the required form and opens it in the Internet Browser. If one
of the simulation evaluations was enabled in Simulation, SINEMA E first starts a simulation
run.
Note
Saving a report
If you save a report in the Internet Explorer with the File > Save As menu command, the
destinations for the links in the report are set as absolute paths to the relevant project
directory. As a result, links only work if the project directory exists and is accessible. The
links in the report would therefore not work on another computer.
Remedy:
SINEMA E saves reports in Report, a subdirectory of the directory in which you stored the
project. SINEMA E uses relative path information for the linking when it saves a report in the
Report directory. You should therefore copy the HTML file and the directories with the
corresponding images from the Report folder when you copy a report to another computer.
Displaying existing reports

You can open old reports directly in SINEMA E. Select the menu command File > Recent
Reports and click on the entry you want to open to display the report in an HTML browser.
SINEMA E 2006
FAQs and messages 5
5.1 FAQs
5.1.1 FAQs on operation and general properties of the program
How can I copy one or more devices or obstacles?

Select the object or objects in the Modeling Editor or in the Device Editor. Holding down the
Ctrl key, you can select several objects at once.
Right-click and select Copy in the context menu, select a suitable location n the navigator or
in the editor and insert the objects with the Paste context menu.
Why are modeled obstacles not displayed with the correct thickness?
Obstacles from the obstacles catalog, for example a wall, are always shown with the same
line thickness in the Modeling Editor and the 3D view. The simulation, however, takes into
account the selected thickness.
How can I test functions in the project and if necessary undo settings?
Start the trial mode.
How can I list buildings and other objects of my project with information on their contents or
properties?
Various lists are available in the work area and can be opened with the List context menu:
● The plant overview
(context menu of the plant in the physical view of the navigator)
● The building overview
(context menu of the building in the physical view of the navigator)
● The profile overview
(context menu of the profile in the logical view of the navigator)
● The device overview
(context menu of the device in the logical view of the navigator)
How can I visualize devices in the editor that I only see in the navigator?
Check the view settings with the Filter networks and Filter display icons in the editor.
SINEMA E 2006
FAQs and messages
5.1 FAQs
When I restart SINEMA E, how can I bring an object from the background to the foreground that I had
previously brought to the foreground?
The foreground/background position in the work area is retained only temporarily. It is not
saved.
How can I include AutoCAD drawings in SINEMA E?

To do this the CAD drawings must be converted to the JPG, BMP, PNG or GIF format with
another program. You can then include the CAD drawings using the "Insert background
image" function.
What do I doe if I lose a password?

If a password is lost, the components affected remain locked. They must be deleted in
SINEMA E and recreated. You can take the essential parameters of the component from a
previously created report.
If the configuration has already been loaded to the device and you want to change it and if
the password has been lost, you will need to restore the default parameters of the device
using the reset button (see /2/ or /3/) and load the configuration again.
How can I scale the background image?

After clicking the Edit background image button in the toolbar of the Modeling Editor, eight
white dots appear at the corners and on the sides and a green dot on the upper edge of the
background image. You can change the size of the image by dragging one of the white dots
while holding down the mouse button. You can rotate the image using the green dot. If you
click on the image and hold down the mouse button, you can move the image.
As an alternative, you can also enter the image size and location numerically in the
properties window.
5.1.2 FAQs on project engineering and configuration
How can I check the dimensions of a floor or check whether there is a line-of-sight connection
between devices?
Open the 3D view in the Modeling Editor (Show/hide 3D view ).
How can I specify the properties of a floor?

You can enter the dimensions and other properties in the properties window using the
keyboard.
What tools are there for copying a background image quickly and simply?
1. Set the grid settings (Grid Settings icon) to Snap to grid.
2. Then draw the background image.
SINEMA E 2006
FAQs and messages
5.1 FAQs
3. Click on the Join walls button and enter a suitable value for the distance in the next
dialog. Obstacles that are not joined will be joined and the alignment with the grid is
maintained.
4. Disable the grid settings Snap to grid.
5. Move the walls to the required position while holding down the mouse button.
How can I configure walls with special materials or create my own obstacles?
The Material Builder / Region Builder function allows you to create obstacles and regions
with plant-specific materials and attenuation properties. The RF attenuation of these
elements is measured in the real plant. Materials and regions created in this way are then
available in the catalog for the project.
How can I rotate an antenna, align it or detach/attach it from or to the device?

Select the antenna in the Modeling Editor. You can configure and align the antenna in the
properties window of the antenna. The options for alignment are described in the section
Selection and alignment of antennas.
How can I add my own antennas, access points, clients or obstacles in SINEMA E?
Open the catalog browser (Tools > Catalog Browser... menu) and create your own
components in the Global library branch of the main entries. Self-defined third-party access
points or clients cannot be further configured with SINEMA E: During simulation, the country-
specific maximum transmitter power is assumed for third-party access points.
How can I set and draw an RCoax cable?

Select the antenna of an access point with the mouse in the Modeling Editor. Click on the
Antenna type row in the drop-down list box of antenna models in the properties window and
select the type IWLAN RCoax. The antenna of the access point is replaced by an RCoax
cable. Now select the entry Leaky Coax Extender in the Miscellaneous branch of the catalog
and click on a free location in the Modeling Editor. The RCoax extender is inserted and
connected directly to the RCoax cable. Click on the Select objects button. You can now align
and extend the RCoax extender while holding down the mouse button. If you want to extend
the RCoax cable at an , add a further segment using the Leaky Coax Extender catalog entry.
How can I supply several devices with the same parameters?

Define the settings of the profile to which the devices are assigned. If the option Individual
settings is not enabled, the devices will adopt the subnet mask and the basic parameters of
the WLAN interface from the configured profile.
Why are the settings of a profile not adopted by some devices?

The Individual settings option is enabled for these devices.
SINEMA E 2006
FAQs and messages
5.1 FAQs
Why are some parameters not adopted or are incorrect in the configuration of an IWLAN/PB link?
The WLAN parameters of the corresponding access point do not match the settings of the
IWLAN/PB Link.
5.1.3 FAQs on simulation
How can I change the size of the simulation area?

The simulation area becomes visible as a dashed rectangle in the Modeling Editor when the
window for the plant or a floor is open and you click on the background. The parameters are
displayed in the properties window in the Simulation area box.
To change the size of the simulation area, set the Automatic area parameter to False. If
necessary, unlock the simulation area (Lock area = False). Then drag the simulation area to
the required position while holding down the mouse button or enter the values on the
keyboard in the rows following - Area location to Additional area.
How can I change the simulation height of a floor?

If you have not selected any object in a floor, you can change the simulation height in the
properties window (subgroupSimulation area , parameter Simulation height). In the Options
window, you can specify whether or not the "Confirm Simulation Height" window opens
automatically for a simulation.
How can I change the color codes of the simulation window?

Open the Tools > Options... menu > General Settings tab and change the selected colors.
To change the color, click on the appropriate colored rectangle.
What do I need to if the simulation of floors and the outdoor environment do not match each other?
Check the calibration of the simulation areas (properties window of the floors in the Modeling
Editor) and the reference points of the building or floor plans in the Modeling Editor.
What can I do if the simulation result obviously does not reflect reality?
Check whether all the components (obstacles, access points etc) have been modeled and
complete the configuration.
5.1.4 FAQs on reports
How can I adapt the report?

Open the Tools > Options... menu > Report Settings tab and change the settings. As an
alternative, you can modify the report with an HTML editor.
SINEMA E 2006
FAQs and messages
5.1 FAQs
What do I do if the images in the report are too small?

Open the Tools > Options... menu > Report Settings tab and change the settings in the
Images box.
How can I open existing reports?

Select the menu command File > Recent Reports and open the required report by clicking
on the corresponding entry.
What do I do if the images and labeling in the report are barely visible?
Click the Set view button. The View Settings dialog box opens. Here, you enter the values
for width and height of the background (these should not exceed 800 pixels). When you
import a background image, the size of the background is adapted automatically. If
necessary, you can change the size of the image by clicking on the Edit background image
button.
Fit the sheet size in View Settings Size (width/height) to the modeled floor. The width and
height should not exceed 800 pixels.
5.1.5 FAQs on loading the configuration
How can I check whether devices can be reached?

First, select the suitable network adapter of your configuration computer as the interface for
the connection to the devices. To do this, open the list of network adapters using the Tools >
Options menu > Network Adapters tab, select the required card and then right-click and
select Set As Default Adapter in the context menu.
Open the Load to Device window (File menu) and send a ping by selecting the Ping function
from the drop-down list box in the Load to Device window, selecting the relevant device and
clicking on theRun button. A message confirming the ping appears on a blue background if
the device can be reached.
Why can't I download to devices?

The passwords you have entered (for example the device password) may be wrong.
Why are devices such as SCALANCE X also detected when downloading?

During the download, devices with the entry "INC" in the type field are filtered out.
This means that although no other PROFINET devices are displayed, SCALANCE devices
with a suitable type field entry are displayed.
SINEMA E 2006
FAQs and messages
5.1 FAQs
How can I enable or disable SINEMA E as an exception for the Windows XP Firewall?
The first time you access online devices, the Windows XP Firewall will ask you whether the
SINEMA E program should be permitted for the firewall. Confirm this prompt with Yes. When
loading the configuration, SINEMA E uses the TFTP (default port number 69) and Telnet
(default port number 23) ports.
If you want to delete SINEMA E as an exception for the Windows XP Firewall later, disable
SINEMA E in the program list of the firewall with Start > Settings > Control Panel > Windows
Firewall > Exceptions tab.
5.1.6 FAQs on site surveys
Why does the error message "Unable to record measurements" always appear during
measurements?
You may not have a connection to a WLAN. Check whether the selected wireless adapter
was enabled and whether there is a connection to an access point. When using advanced
mode, make sure that you use a wireless adapter with an Atheros chipset and the SINEMA
advanced mode driver.
Why are all the measurement points red in the view showing the difference between the values of the
simulation and the measurement results?
SSIDs were used in the simulation that could not be measured or were filtered out by the
filter settings.
Why is no or a too negative data rate measured?

The data rate is measured only in standard mode with Atheros adapters. If no data is
exchanged between the access point being measured and the Atheros WLAN adapter, only
control frames (management information) are measured at a low data rate and displayed in
SINEMA E.
How can I speed up measurement in advanced mode?

In the Advanced Mode tab of the site survey settings, set a shorter wait time or select only
the frequency range (2.4 or 5 GHz) that you require.
SINEMA E 2006
FAQs and messages
5.2 Messages
5.2 Messages
5.2.1 Error messages and warnings

Most error messages from SINEMA E are self-explanatory. Below, you will find notes on a
few selected error messages.
Warning when opening the Region / Material Builder function

When you start the Region / Material Builder function, the following warning is displayed:
● "The Region/Material builder can only be started if the modeling area contains only two
objects ..."
– Possible cause:
The floor contains more than two components.
– Remedy:
First, open the floor, press Ctrl and select only the access point and the component
you want to measure. The start the Region / Material Builder function again.
– Possible cause:
The component you are measuring is not the correct type (for example, generic wall
instead of undefined wall).
– Remedy:
Replace the incorrect component with an undefined wall or an undefined region.
Save the project and restart the Region / Material Builder function again.
Warning in the Simulation window

● "Plant\building x\floor y - INVALID signal propagation data"
– Cause:
Following the last simulation, a change was made in building x in floor y, for example,
an object was moved or a component added or removed. If changes are made in the
project, the last saved simulation data is deleted in the project. If the Simulation
window was not closed before the change was made, the old, and now no longer valid
values will be displayed.
– Remedy:
Restart the simulation for the required plant section.
SINEMA E 2006
Appendix A
A.1 Keyboard commands
Keyboard commands
Several SINEMA E functions can be started on the keyboard with special commands.
Table A- 1 Keyboard commands
Function Keyboard command

New project Ctrl+N
Open project Ctrl+O
Save project Ctrl+S
Close project Ctrl+D
Sales Wizard Ctrl+W
Exit Alt+F4
Cut Ctrl+X
Copy Ctrl+C
Paste Ctrl+V
Navigator Ctrl+ Alt+N
Modeling editor Ctrl+ Alt+M
Simulation Ctrl+ Alt+S
Site survey Ctrl+ Alt+I
Load to Sinema Ctrl+ Alt+U
Load to device Ctrl+ Alt+D
Update firmware / configuration Ctrl+ Alt+F
Start trial mode Ctrl+ Alt+P
Restart trial mode Ctrl+ Alt+R
Accept and stop trial mode Ctrl+ Alt+A
Discard and stop trial mode Ctrl+ Alt+X
Help topics F1
SINEMA E 2006
Appendix
A.2 References
A.2 References
/1/ SIMATIC NET Basics of Industrial Wireless LAN,

System Manual, SIEMENS AG,
Release 05/2004, Order number C7900-G8976-C186
/2/ SIMATIC NET Operating Instructions SCALANCE W78x, SIEMENS AG,

/3/ SIMATIC NET Operating Instructions SCALANCE W74x, SIEMENS AG,

/4/ SIMATIC NET Manual CP 7515, SIEMENS AG,

/5/ SIMATIC NET System Manual RCoax, SIEMENS AG,

/6/ SIMATIC NET S7-CPs for SIMATIC NET, Part B7

Gateway IWLAN/PB Link PN IO, SIEMENS AG,
/7/ SIMATIC NET Operating Instructions (Compact) / Betriebsanleitung (kompakt)

SCALANCE W, SIEMENS AG, Release / Ausgabe 01/2006, A5E00413342-03
Some of the manuals are on the SIMATIC NET Manual Collection CD supplied with your
product.
The SIMATIC NET Operating Instructions (Compact) SCALANCE W (/7/) is supplied on
paper with your SCALANCE W device.
SINEMA E 2006
Glossary
AES
Advanced Encryption Standard, encryption according to the Rijndael algorithm.
DFS
Dynamic Frequency Selection allows automatic changing of the RF channel in 5 GHz WLAN.
The channel can be changed automatically, for example, when another user such as a radar
system is detected on the channel.
Hidden node problem

Two nodes (for example clients) are arranged in a wireless cell so that they connect to the
same receiver (access point) but are are not visible to each other. If they both send to the
access point at the same time, the messages collide at the access point without the stations
being aware of it.
HTTP
Hypertext Transfer protocol. HTTP is used mainly for communication between a Web server
and Web browsers (for example Internet Explorer).
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEEE 802.11
Standard for wireless networks in the 2.4 GHz band with transmission rates of up to 2 Mbps.
IEEE 802.11a
Standard for wireless networks in the 5 GHz band with transmission rates of up to 54 Mbps.
IEEE 802.11b
Standard for wireless networks in the 2.4 GHz band with transmission rates of up to
11 Mbps.
IEEE 802.11g
Standard for wireless networks in the 2.4 GHz band with transmission rates of up to
54 Mbps.
SINEMA E 2006
Glossary
IEEE 802.11h
The IEEE 802.11a standard expanded by TPC and DFS.
IEEE 802.1x
The heart of the standard is the use of a Radius server as the authentication server. In
addition to this, in IEEE 802.1x, the entire communication is encrypted.
IP address
The IP address consists of 4 bytes. Each byte is represented in decimal and separated from
the previous byte by a period. This results in the following structure, where XXX stands for a
number between 0 and 255 (dotted decimal notation): XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX
The IP address consists of two parts, the network ID and the host ID. This makes it possible
to create different subnets. Depending on the bytes of the IP address used as the network ID
and those used for the host ID, the IP address can be assigned to a specific address class:
Address class Address class identifier The network ID and the host ID
A Byte 1 (possible value 1 to 126) Byte 2 to byte 4
(Byte 1 the byte furthest left.) Possible value for each 0 to
255.
0.0.0 must not be assigned,
255.255.255 is the broadcast
address.
B Byte 1 Byte 3 and byte 4
(possible value 128 to 191) Possible value for each 0 to
Byte 2 255.
(possible value 0 to 255) 0.0 must not be assigned,
255.255 is the broadcast
address.
C Byte 1 Byte 4
(possible value 192 to 223) Possible value 1 to 254.
Byte 2 and byte 3 0 must not be assigned, 255 is
(possible value for each 0 to the broadcast address.
255)
D Byte 1 Byte 2 to byte 4
(possible value 224 to 239) Possible value for each 0 to
multicast addresses 255.
0.0.0 must not be assigned.
There are some multicast
addresses with a special
meaning, for example
224.0.0.1
All systems of the subnet
224.0.0.2
All routers of the subnet
SINEMA E 2006
Glossary
iPCF
The industrial Point Coordination Function is a communications protocol with which the data
traffic of a cell between the access point and the connected stations can be controlled to
avoid collisions. iPCF can optimize data throughput even with large numbers of stations.
iPCF also allows very fast roaming.
PSK
Phase Shift Keying is the name of a modulation technique in which the phase of a carrier
wave is modulated by phase shift.
RADIUS
Remote Authentification Dial In User Service. A procedure in which authentication is handled
by a separate server.
RTS/CTS
Request to send/Clear to send. A procedure for avoiding collisions.
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol. Standardized protocol for exchanging network
management information.
Subnet mask
A subnet is define by the subnet mask. The structure of the subnet mask corresponds to that
of an IP address. If a "1" is set at a bit position in the subnet mask, the bit belongs to the
corresponding position in the IP address for the subnet address otherwise it belongs to the
address of the host.
Example:
The standard subnet mask for class B networks is 255.255.0.0. This means that the third
and fourth bytes are available for defining subnets and hosts. If 16 subnets need to be
defined, the third byte of the subnet address must be set to 11110000 (binary). In this case,
the subnet mask is 255.255.240.0.
To find out whether two IP addresses belong to the same subnet, the two IP addresses are
ANDed bit by bit. If the logic operations produce the same result, the two IP addresses
belong the same subnet, for example 141.120.246.210 and 141.120.252.108.
Outside the local area network, the division of the address described here is irrelevant, for
packet switching, only the entire IP address is relevant.
TKIP
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol. Procedure for cyclic changing of the keys in WLAN.
SINEMA E 2006
Glossary
TPC
Transmit Power Control allows automatic adaptation of the transmit power for 5 GHz WLAN.
TPC is also intended to reduce the interference caused by WLAN to other wireless services.
WBM
Web Based Management. HTTP-based configuration method that uses an HTTP server in
the relevant device.
WDS
Wireless Distribution System. Directional wireless links for linking access points for an
Extended Service Set (ESS).
WEP
Wired Equivalence Privacy is an optional part of the IEEE 802.11 standard. WEP specifies
procedures for authentication and encryption that both work with fixed keys stored on the
device. All devices that want to access a network in which WEP is used, must therefore first
be supplied with the same keys. Renewal of the keys must also be undertaken manually.
Wi-Fi
Wireless Fidelity. Specification for wireless networks.
WPA
Wi-Fi Protected Access is a method specified by the Wi-Fi Alliance to close security gaps of
WEP. Authentication by a server (802.1x) is one of the stipulations. Further security is
achieved by exchanging the keys with each frame. You can choose between TKIP and AES
as the encryption method.
WPA-PSK
WPA-PSK is a weaker form of WPA. In this procedure, there is no authentication by a
server, but only based on a password. This password must be configured manually on the
client and on the server. Where possible, you should change to the WPA procedure to
achieve higher security.
SINEMA E 2006
Index
Client Settings, 111
Client, IWLAN/PB link, 108
3 Events, 100
Profiles, 96
3D view, 48
Security settings, 100
Service settings, 98
Configuration data, 39
A
Context menu
Antenna Access point, 95
Aligning, 87 RCoax cable, 88
Antenna gain, 29
Antenna pattern, 29
Antennas D
Creating in the Catalog Browser, 90
Decibel, 27
Principles, properties, 29
Device overview, 77, 92
Application planning, 119
Downloading the firmware or configuration, 140
Attenuation, 25
Autoplacement, 82
F
B Filter, 48
Frequency bands, 27
Background images, 47
Brick wall, 54
Building overview, 77
H
Hardware prerequisites, 9
C HSP support, 121
Calibrating, 53, 147
Catalog, 33, 79
I
Catalog Browser, 89
Catalogs IEEE 802.11, 27
Deleting, 123 Initial setup, 125, 128
Import/export, 121 Interference, 25
Replacing, 123 Intermediate ceiling, 56
Update, 122 Items
Cellar wall, 54, 58 Changing the arrangement, 47
Cellar, modeling, 57
Changing languages, 40
Channel optimization, 85 L
Channels
Load
Country-specific approval, 27
Preparations, 125
CLI - Command Line Interface, 94
Load to Device
Communications processors
Performing, 133
Supported, 9
Load to SINEMA
Concrete wall, 54
Performing, 139
Configuration, 94
Loading the configuration
Access point, 103
Requirements, 124
SINEMA E 2006
Index
Logical view, 92 Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, 26

Signal-to-noise ratio, 26
Simulation, 113
M Performing, 117
Settings, 115
Material Builder, 60
Simulation area, 77
Material Builder, measurement, 71
Selection, 117
Modeling
Simulation results, 117
floors, 51
Site survey, 144
obstacles, 54
Displaying results, 154
of the buildings plan, 50
Editing data, 151
regions, 59
Performing, 149
Modeling Editor, 46
Settings, 147
Site Survey Editor, 145
Site Survey overview, 77
N
Specifying power, 28
Navigator, 34
Network adapter, 133, 139
T
Toolbar
O
of the main window, 35
Overview lists, 77 of the Modeling Editor, 46
Transmit power, 26
Maximum, 27
P Trial mode, 35
Plant overview, 77
Polarization, 25
V
Profile, 95
Default profile, 95 View, 46
Profile overview, 92
Properties window, 34
W
WBM - Web Based Management, 94
R
Window, 48
Radiation characteristics, 29 Work area, 33
RCoax cable, 88 Setting up, 46
Reference point, 50, 52, 166
Reflection, 25
Region / Matterial Builder, 48
Region Builder, 60
Region Builder, measurement, 71
Reports
Creating, 158
Purpose and scope, 158
S
Scaling
Antenna pattern, 91
Signal strength, 74
SINEMA E 2006

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Introduction 1

Installing the software 3

Siemens AG Ordernumber: C79000-G8976-C207-04 Copyright © Siemens AG 2009.

4.5 Creating the required infrastructure ............................................................................................ 77

Validity of the configuration manual

Content of the document

Communications processors supported

Automation License Manager

3.2 Uninstalling SINEMA E

3. Select Remove and click on the Next button.

Driver for Advanced mode

No WLAN driver installed yet

3.4 Replacing a CP 7515 driver with a SINEMA E driver

Driver for Advanced mode

Replacement for an installed driver

8. Select the "Advanced Mode driver" entry and click "Next".

4.1.1 Effects during the propagation of electromagnetic waves

SINR Quality of reception

4.1.2 Frequency ranges

Standard Frequency Channels

5.25 - 5.35 5.725 - 5.825

Figure 4-1 Frequency bands for 2.4 and 5 GHz

4.1.3 Calculating in decibels

The decibel as a logarithmic unit of measurement

Ratio Decibel value

Power expressed in dBm

Power in mW Power in dBm

Power expressed in dBi

Principles and properties

Example: Omnidirectional antenna

Example: Omnidirectional antenna ANT795-6MR

210 330 210 330

240 300 240 300

4.2 Elements of the user interface

4.2.1 Layout of the program window

Structure of the user interface

B: Catalog with devices and tools

D: Output window for system messages and statistical data

Figure 4-4 The navigator

Opens the window with the project properties.

4.2.2 The File menu

Working with project files

Menu command Function

4.2.3 The Edit menu

Editing objects for the project configuration

Menu command Function

4.2.4 The View menu

Customizing the user interface

Menu command Function

Menu command Function

4.2.5 The Online menu

Transfer of configuration data

Menu command Function

Menu command Function

Menu command Function

4.2.6 The Tools menu

Functions and tools

Menu command Function

4.2.7 The Window menu

Changing between program windows

Menu command Function

4.2.8 The Help menu

Program and system information