Topic 5: Matrices

4 1 5
3 2 7
1 3 6
¿
righ
¿
¿
¿
( ¿) (¿) ¿

1. Given a matrix B =¿ ¿
¿ , find the minor and the cofactor for each element on
the first column. Hence, find the determinant of B. [6 marks]
a 1
0 b
¿
righ
¿
¿
¿

2. If I is an identity matrix of 2 ¿ 2, find all possible matrices in the form

( ¿) ¿
A= ¿ ¿
¿

2
such that A =I where a and b are real numbers. [6
marks]
3 1 1
1 3 1
1 1 3
¿
righ
¿
¿
¿
( ¿) ( ¿) ¿

3. Given a matrix A =¿ ¿
¿ . Find the values of m and n so that
2
A + mA +nI =0 where I is an identity matrix of 3 ¿ 3 and 0 is a null matrix of 3
¿ 3. By using the values of m and n,
a) deduce the inverse of A.
3
b) show that A =39 A−70 I .
[10 marks]
1 a
b 4
¿
righ
¿
¿
¿

4. Given that matrix where a and b are positive integers. Find the values
( ¿ ) ¿
A = ¿ ¿
¿

2
of a and b where a < 3 such that A −5 A−2 I=0, I is an identity matrix of 2 ¿
2.
[6 marks]

( )
1 0 −1
A= 3 x−2 4
5. a) Given a matrix , 1 1 x −3 . If |A|=−3 and x > 0 , find the
values of

i) x ii) |AT| iii) |A2|

( ) ( )
2 1 1 3 −1 −1
−1
B= 3 2 1 B = −4 2 1
b) Given a matrix 2 1 2 and the inverse, −1 0 1 . Find
a

( )
6 4 4
B 2 +BX= 10 8 6 .
matrix X if 8 3 5

JR_8/2018
 [12 marks]

6. a) Let matrix
A= [ ]
6 −4
1 0 2
. If A − pA−qI=0 where p and q are real numbers,
I is
a 2×2 identity matrix and 0 is a 2×2 null matrix, find p and q . [4 marks]

b) Given a matrix equation AX = B as

[ ][ ] [ ]
1 −1 −3 x 2
2 −1 −4 y = 3
1 1 −1 z 1

i. Find the determinant of matrix A [2 marks]

ii. Given the cofactor matrix of

[
5 p 3
A= −4 2 −2
q −2 1 ]
, find p and q. [2 marks]
iii. Determine the adjoint matrix of A and hence find the inverse of A. [2 marks]

[ ]
x2 x 1
A= y 2 y 1
7. a) Show that the determinant of the matrix z2 z 1 is (y – x)(z – x)(y – z)
for
real x, y and z. [3 marks]

( )
1 1 1
4 2 1
b) By substituting x = 1, y = 2 and z = 3, the matrix A becomes 9 3 1 . Find the
adjoint and inverse of the matrix A. [6 marks]

8. Given
−1 0 −2

−1 1 0 [
A= 2 1 0 , B= −1 0
1 −1

2 −1
T
] [ ] and
[
C=
2 −1 0
3 0 −1 ] .
a) Find matrix D= A−( BC ) [5
marks]
b) Show that |AD|=|DA| . [7 marks]

JR_8/2018
 [ ] [
1 −2
P= 1 1
9. If 0 −1 and
Q=
1 0 −1
0 −1 0
, ]
find matrix R such that

marks]
[ ]0 2 2
R+2( PQ)= −2 4 3 .
−4 5 3 [5

[ ]
−1 0 0
1 1
−1 −

[ ]
−2 0 0 B= 5 5 .
A= −4 6 −2 2 3
−1 − −
10. Given 6 −4 −2 and
5 5 Show that AB=kI
where k
−1
is a constant and I is an identity matrix. Find the value of k and hence, obtain A .
[5 marks]

11. Given that

[ ]
1 a 2
A= 2 1 2 ,
2 2 b where a and b are constants.

a) If |A|=−13, evaluate the determinant of matrix

determinant properties.
−2 −4 −4
a 1 2
2 2 b [ ] using
[4 marks]
2
b) Given that A −4 A=5 I , where I is a 3×3 identity matrix. Show that a = 2 and
−1
b = 1. Hence, find A . [9
marks]

Suggested answers:

1. i) M11 = −9, C11 = −9 M21 = −9, C21 = 9 M31 = −3, C31 = −3 ii) |B| = −12

2.
(
A= 1 1 or −1 1
0 −1 0 1 ) ( ) 3. m = −7, n = 10 ,
A−1 =
1
10
( 7 I− A )
4. a = 2, b = 3

( )
−4 1 1
−11 4 3
T 2
5. a) x = 4 , |A |=−3, |A |=9 b) 5 −3 −2
6. a) p = 6, q = −4

JR_8/2018
 ( )
−2.5 2 −0.5
−1
A = 1 −1 1
b) i. |A| = −2 ii. p = −2, q = 1 iii. −1.5 1 −0.5

( ) ( )
−1 2 −1 0.5 −1 0.5
−1
Adj( A )= 5 −8 3 A = −2.5 4 −1.5
7. a) prove b) −6 6 2 3 −3 1

[ ] [ ]
0 2 −3 −2 −2 4
3 0 2 −4 6 5
8. a) −2 1 −1 9. −4 3 3

[ ]
−0.5 0 0
−0.5 0.1 −0.1
10. a) k = 2 b) −0.5 −0.2 −0.3

[ ]
−0. 6 0 .4 0. 4
0.4 −0.6 0. 4
11. a) 26 b) 0.4 0 .4 −0.6

JR_8/2018