FACTS (FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION) BY TSR

ABSTRACT
Flexible alternating current transmission system or FACTS is a system which is used for

quality AC transmission of electrical energy. It is composed of static equipment and helps

in boosting controllabilityand increasesthe power-transfer capability of the

network.Electricity market's activities and a growing demand for electricity have led to

heavily stressed power systems. This requires operation of the networks to be closer to their

stability limits.

This concept gives a comprehensive review and evaluation of theFACTS

controllers.During the functionality of this project, theoperational amplifierduly

generateslead time between the zero-voltage pulse and the zero-current pulse,and then it is

fed to two interrupt pins of the microcontroller wherein the program takes over to bring the

shunt reactors to the circuitin order to get the voltage duly compensated. Back-to-back

SCRs duly interfaced through optical isolation from the programmed microcontroller are

used in series for switching the reactor –in this case, a choke isused.The microcontroller

used in this project belongs tothe 8051 family.

In future,this project can be developed by usinga firing-angle control methodology for

smooth control of the voltage. This will be better than switching the reactors in step-by-step

mode whereinthevoltage controlled in stepsis not very precise.

 BLOCK DIAGRAM

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

8051 series Microcontroller, Op-amps, LCD, Shunt Keil compiler
Capacitors, SCR, Opto-Isolator, Current Transformer,
Choke, Crystal, Slide Switches, Resistors, Capacitors, Languages: Embedded C or Assembly
Diodes, Transformer, Regulator, Lamp.