ETHANOL AS A ALTERNATE FUEL FOR I.

C ENGINE
An alcohol-based alternative fuel made by fermenting and distilling crops such as
corn, barley or wheat. It can be blended with gasoline to increase octane levels and
improve emissions quality.
Positive: Materials are renewable.
Negative: Ethanol subsidies have a negative impact on food prices and availability.

Ethanol Fuel Basics-

Ethanol is a renewable fuel made from various plant materials collectively known
as "biomass." More than 98% of U.S. gasoline contains ethanol, typically E10 (10%
ethanol, 90% gasoline), to oxygenate the fuel and reduce air pollution.

Ethanol is also available as E85 (or flex fuel), which can be used in flexible fuel
vehicles, designed to operate on any blend of gasoline and ethanol up to 83%.
Another blend, E15, is approved for use in model year 2001 and newer vehicles.

There are several steps involved in making ethanol available as a

vehicle fuel:
 Biomass feedstock’s are grown, collected and transported to an ethanol
production facility.
 Feedstock’s are converted to ethanol at a production facility and then
transported to a fuel terminal or end-user by rail, truck, or barge.
 Ethanol is blended with gasoline at the fuel terminal to make E10, E15, or
E85, and then distributed by truck to fueling stations