daviT WiTanava

ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis

ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis istoriisa da eTnologiis instituti

qoCaqiZeTa saTavado

samegrelos da saerTod dasavleT saqarTvelos saTavado saxlebze specialuri

gamokvlevebi o. soselias ekuTvnis, Tumca mis naSromebi am mimarTulebiT ar aris
sruli da dRemde ar arsebobs gamokvlevebi im saTavado saxlebze, romlebic garkveul
dros daemcrnen da XVIII-XIX saukuneebSi odiSis samTavro karze ar gaaCndaT privile-
girebuli mdgomareoba. aseTi samegreloSi sxvebTan erTad iyo Tavad qoCaqiZeTa sagva-
reulo,MromelTa calkeuli warmomadgenlebi mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobdnen samTav-
ros politikur cxovrebaSi da Tavis droze did saTavadoTa rigSi Sediodnen.
bolo drois aRwerebis mixedviT, qoCaqiZeebi saqarTvelos masStabiT Seadgenen 46
suls (Tbilisi – 21, gardabani – 7, rusTavi – 3). p. cxadaias masalebiT, misi megruli
variantia qoCaqia 1.
Tavidanve unda aRiniSnos, rom Tavad qoCaqiZeTa gvaris warmomadgenlebi XVIII-XIX
saukuneebSi saxlobdnen sofel Waladidis muxurSi da rogorc am sofelSi, ise sxva
axlomaxlo soflebSi flobdnen arc Tu ise didi raodenobiT ymebs da rogorc Cans
ar gaaCndaT sakuTari cixe-simagre. Tumca, maTi Tavdapirveli gansaxlebis da mflobe-
lobis areali Tanamedrove senakis raionis Waladidis muxuri ar unda yofiliyo; maTi
`samflobelo~ XV-XVII saukuneebSi ufro vrceli da samegrelos samTavrosaTvis stra-
tegiulad mniSvnelovan adgilas mdebareobda, sadac gaaCndaT mZlavri cixe-simagre da
ymaTa sakmaod mniSvnelovani raodenoba.
legendaruli xasiaTis cnobas Tavad qoCaqiZeTa warmoSobaze vxvdebiT ioane bato-
niSvilTan, romelic aRniSnavs, rom `Tavad CoqaCiZeTa gvari momdinareobs quSang anu
qoCang-idan, romelic `aris adgilsa xorasnis mxares xorazmisasa da, odes zaqaria
mxargrZelman brZo xorasnelTa drosa Tamar mefisasa, maSin qoCanveli mTavris Ze, mci-
re yrma moiyvana mZevlad; ese yrma monaTles qristianed da daasaxles odiSSi da iwo-
da Tavadad qoCaqiZed~ 2.
yvelaze adreuli dokumenti, sadac qoCaqiZeTa gvaris warmomadgeneli ixsenieba,
XV saukunis miwuruliT TariRdeba. kerZod, es aris saqarTvelos centralur saisto-
rio arqivSi daculi xelnaweri dokumenti, romelic warmoadgens mefeT-mefe daviTis
mier indoeTidan Camosuli maRnaraZeebisadmi gacemul sasisxlo sigels. masSi mowmed
(sxvebTan erTad) moxseniebulia rostoan (igive rostom _ d. W.) qoCaqiZe 3. teqsti Zali-
an dazianebulia da misi wakiTxva mcire monakveTis garda, TiTqmis SeuZlebelia; Tumca,
iqve inaxeba sxvadasxva xeliT XVIII saukunis II naxevarSi gadawerili misi ori sruli
asli 4.
a. tuRuSi, eyrdnoba am sigelis pirvel gamomqveynebels m. Bbroses da aRniSnavs,
rom iq moxseniebul daviT mefes is 1490 wels gaucia 5. maRnaraZeebisadmi sasisxlo sige-
lis gamcemi da mefeT-mefed wodebuli daviTi, rogorc Cans, aris saqarTvelos mefis
konstantine II-is (qarTlis mefe 1478/79-1484 ww-Si) Svili, romelic aris momavali qar-
Tlis mefe daviT X (1505-1525 ww.) (daviT X, rogorc am, ise sxva sabuTebSi, Tavis Tavs
mefeTa-mefes uwodebs) 6. daviTi qarTlSi unda gamefebuliyo arauadres 1503 wlisa, Tum-
ca am wyalobis sigelSi is ukve mefeT-mefed iwodeba. saqme isaa, rom rogorc samar-
Tlianadaa SeniSnuli, sxva wyaroTa monacemebiTac daviTi mamis sicocxleSic mefis ti-
tuliT moRvaweobda 7, romlis gansakuTrebuli gavlena Cans lixT-imereTSi da SesaZle-

1 p. cxadaia, gvarebi da gvarTa dasaxlebani samegreloSi (Tbilisi, 2000), gv. 141.

2 ioane bagrationi, SemoklebiT aRwera saqarTvelosa Sina mcxovrebTa TavadTa da aznaurTa gvarebisa
(Tbilisi, 1997), gv. 131.
3 saqarTvelos centraluri saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1448, saq. #5040.
4 saqarTvelos centraluri saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1449, saq. #750, saq.N#259.
5 a. tuRuSi, caiSis saepiskoposo (zugdidi, 2001), gv. 21.
6 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTveli eris istoria, wigni meoTxe (Tbilisi, 1948), gv. 209-211.
7 d. niniZe, provinciis mefeebi XIV-XV ss. saqarTveloSi (bagrationTa sagvareulos istoriidan) (Tbilisi,
1995), gv. 172.
121
belia konstantine II-is mefobis periodSi misi Svili daviTi 1486-1488 wlebmade da zo-
gierTi mosazrebiT, 1489 wlamdec, lixT-imereTis mmarTveli yofiliyo da iq mflobe-
lobis upiratesobiT unda upirispirdebodes bagrat VI-is (imereTSi _ bagrat II, qar-
Tl-imereTis mefe 1466-1478 ww-Si) Zes aleqsandres (imereTis mefe 1484-1510 ww-Si), rome-
lic raWvel-argvelTa daxmarebiT cdilobs quTaisis taxtis dapatronebas 1.
daviT konstantines Zis swored am didi gavleniT dasavleT saqarTvelos feoda-
lebze unda aixsnas maRranaZeebis sasisxlo sigelis damamtkiceblebad samegrelos ep-
iskoposebis _ caiSelis, Wyondidelis, da biWvinTelis, aseve genaTelis, amave dros, fe-
odaluri sagvareuloebis _ WilaZeebis, qorToZeebis da maT Soris CvenTvis amjerad
saintereso qoCaqiZeTa warmomadgenlis moxsenieba. rogorc Cans, sxvebTan erTad, roste-
an qoCaqiZe da misi sagvareulo saxli daviTis mxarezea im droindeli dasavleT saqar-
Tvelos politikur cxovrebaSi da unda vivaraudoT, rom am periodSi qoCaqiZeTa sag-
vareulo angariSgasawevi Zala unda yofiliyo.
qronologiurad Semdgom cnobas qoCaqiZeTa gvarze vpoulobT 1616-1621 wlebiT
daTariRebul afxazeTis sakaTalikozo glexebis did davTarSi, sadac mocemulia `jga-
lis cixis sakaTalikoso gamosavlis nusxa~. kerZod, aq mocemulia am Sinaarsis abzaci:
`q. wyalobiTa da SewevniTa RmrTisaTa da Svid caTa umaRlesisa biWvinTisa RmrTis-
mSoblisaTa. aris saqoCaq[i]Zeo dadianis batonis levanis wyaloba mamuli Tavs jgalis
cixe, sasaxle~ 2.
am cnobidan ar Cans aq moxseniebuli qoCaqiZis saxeli. naTelia is, rom misTvis
jgalis cixe Tavisi glexobiTurT, romelic am dokumentis mixedviT 38 komls Sead-
genda, levan II dadians uboZebia. rogorc Cans, qoCaqiZeebi XVII saukunis dasawyisSi
jgalis cixis mimdebare teritoriaze saxlobdnen da ara senakis Waladididis muxur-
Si, sadac XVIII saukunidan XX saukunis pirvel meoTxedamde ar Canan. aq moxseniebuli
jgalis cixe, mdebareobs dRevandel sofel jgalSi (walenjixis raioni), romelsac
dRes Cven im ubnis saxelwodebis mixedviT sadac saliebis gvari saxlobs, lesales
cixis saxelwodebiT vicnobT. jgalSi ramodenime cixe-simagre iyo, magram wyaroebSi
moxseniebuli jgalis cixis identurobas dRes SemorCenili lesales cixesTan
adasturebs am periodis (XVII saukunis dasawyisi) jgalis cixis glexobis gamosavlis
nusxa, sadac saliebis gvaris mosaxleoba dasturdeba saklia-savlias formiT 3.
sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mniSvnelovania kidev erTi garemoeba. kerZod, vaxuSti ba-
toniSvili samegrelos adgilebis aRwerilobis dros aRniSnavs, rom enguris zemo
welSi, saTavidan mdebareobda garkveuli feodaluri erTeuli `saafacio~. Tavis rukeb-
ze saafacios igi xan mdinaris marcxena napirze aTavsebs, xan mis orive mxares. T. bera-
Zis marTebuli aRniSvniT, feodaluri gvari afacia werilobiT wyaroebSi arsad
gvxvdeba da maTze gadmocemebic samegreloSi ar fiqsirdeba (msgavsi gadmocemebi verc
Cven davafiqsireT _ d. W.); avtori, zogierT gadmocemaze dayrdnobiT aRniSnavs, rom Ta-
vad afaqiZeTa samflobelo erT dros mdinare maganamde aRwevda rac, emTxveva vaxuStis
mier mocemuli saafacios teritoriis nawils. misive aRniSvniT, advili SesaZlebelia,
rom vaxuStiseul saafacioSi saafaqio davinaxioT4. T. beraZe sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi aq-
ve meore gansxvavebul mosazrebasac gvTavazobs. Aavtori yuradRebas aqcevs Cvens mier
zemoT warmodgenil sabuTs, sadac saqoCaqiZeo dasaxelebulia, rogorc `dadianis le-
vanis wyaloba mamuli Tavs jgalis cixe-sasaxle~, da aRniSnavs, rom mas toponimi sa-
qoCaqiZeo Cauweria sofel CqvalerSi. gamomdinare aqedan, avtorisave azriT, SesaZloa
vaxuStiseuli `saafacio~ damaxinjebuli saqoCaqiZeo iyos 5.

1 iqve, gv. 172; s. kakabaZe, sigeli qarTlis mefe konstantinesi 1488 w. (Tbilisi, 1913), gv. 3-8; misive, sasis-
xlo sigelebis Sesaxeb, saistorio moambe, II (Tbilisi, 1924).
2 s. kakabaZe, sacaiSlo gamosavlis davTari (Tbilisi, 1913), gv. 43-44; qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. III,
teqsti gamosca, SeniSvnebi da saZieblebi daurTo prof. i. doliZem (Tbilisi, 1970), gv. 478; ix. d.
WiTanava, pirsaxelebi da gvarsaxelebi `jgalis cixis sakaTalikoso gamosavlis nusxis mixedviT (1616-
1621 ww.), kr. istoriul-eTnologiuri Ziebani, XVIII (Tbilisi, 2016), gv. 67-80).
3 d. WiTanava, eklesiebi da TavdacviTi nagebobebi samegreloSi (uZvelesi droidan dRemde) (Tbilisi, 2010),
gv. 359-360.
4 T. beraZe, vaxuSti bagrationi da odiSis istoriuli geografiis sakiTxebi, saqarTvelos istoriuli
geografiis krebuli, IV (Tbilisi, 1971), gv. 61-62.
5 iqve, gv. 61-62.
122
 T. beraZis mier dadasturebuli toponimi `saqoCaqiZeo~ ufro zusti formiT fiq-
sirebuli aqvs p. cxadaias sofel leSamugeSi (Cqvaleris Temi) leqoCaqe//leqoCages
formiT, romelic md. noJalis marcxena mxares mdebare tyis, xevis da borcvis saxel-
wodebaa 1.
amjerad Cven Tavs SevikavebT `saafacios~ lokalizaciasTan dakavSirebiT, ramdena-
dac sakiTxi calke kvlevas moiTxovs. am etapze ki aRvniSnavT, rom am erTeuls
aranairi kavSiri ara aqvs saqoCaqiZeosTan. amdenad, ver gaviziarebT T. beraZis meore
mosazrebas vaxuStis `saafacios~ damaxinjebul saqoCaqiZeod warmodgenis Sesaxeb da
saafaqiosTan (afaqiZeebis samflobelo) misi gaigiveba ufro marTebuli unda iyos.
Zalzed rTulia imis Tqma Tu ra periodidan xdeba qoCaqiZeTa gvaris am adgilebi-
dan gadasaxleba da jgalis cixeze uaris Tqma, romelic `mSvidobianad~ ar moxdeboda.
levan II dadiani, misi gamTavrebis pirvelsave wlebSi uboZebs qoCaqiZeebs am terito-
riebs da maTi damcroba Cven unda davukavSiroT levan meore dadianis gardacvalebis
(1657 w.) Semdgom periods, rodesac misi erTguli Tavadebis da saerTod misi politikis
winaaRmdeg didi brZolebi mimdinareobs. kerZod, gaCaRda taxtisaTvis brZola. odiSis
mTavrad 1657 wels dajda liparit III, manuCar dadianis SviliSvili, Tumca imereTis me-
fe aleqsandrem ilaSqra samegreloSi da iq Tavisi momxre vamey III (1658-1661 ww.) dasva
mTavrad 2. vameyma represiebi daiwyo maT winaaRmdeg vinc mis xelisuflebas ar cnobda 3.
Cven aranairi cnobebi ar gagvaCnia am periodSi qoCaqiZeTa gvaris mdgomareobis Sesaxeb,
magram, vfiqrobT, am mokle periodSi maTi damcroba da maTi kuTvnili jgalis cixis
Tu sxva teritoriebis warTmeva ver moxdeboda. Cveni azriT, maTi mdgomareobis Sesus-
teba ufro ukavSirdeba CiqvanTa gvaris gadadianebis Semdgom periods, anu XVIII sauku-
nis pirvel naxevars. Aamaze iribi miniSneba SesaZloa iyos is, rom XVIII saukunidan Ciqvan-
Ta gvaris zogierTi Tavaduri Stos warmomadgenlebi swored im teritoriebze flobdnen
yma-mamulebs da cixe-simagreebs, sadac adre qoCaqiZeebi.Ees aris teritoria jgalis cixis
gaswvris da sofel medanSi, romeli ukanasknelic jgalis TemSi Sedioda.
o. soselias aRniSvniT, CiqovanTa saTavado daaxloebiT im dros unda warmoqmni-
liyo, roca am sagvareulos erTi Sto gadadianda. es ki XVII-XVIII saukuneebis mijnaze
moxda 4. kacia dadianis dros kaci Ciqvani, romelic gordeli aznauri iyo samegrelos
samTavro `saxlis ufrosi vaziri gaxda~ da odiSis mouravma mas salipartianoc uboZa 5.
pirveli Ciqvani romelic 1704 wels dadianad dajda (`gadadianda~) iyo giorgi Ciqvanis
Ze _ kacia. giorgis danarCenma memkvidreebma da Zmebma (iese, otia) CiqvanTa gvari Sei-
narCunes da Seqmnes TavianTi saTavadoebi. maTi saTavado warmoiqmna Zveli salipartia-
nos erT nawilze. masSi Sediodnen Semdegi soflebi: 1. kvauTi, 2. lesaje, 3. Targamuli
(nawilobriv), 4. jolevi (nawilobriv), 5. namikolu (nawilobriv), 6. leZaZame (nawilob-
riv) 6. Ciqvanebi yma-mamulebs flobdnen agreTve Tamakons, noqalaqevsa da leCxums. maTi
rezidencia sofel kvauTSi iyo. aq iyo maTi sasaxle, karis eklesia. cixe-simagre leZa-
ZameSi hqondaT, xolo sagvareulo sasaflao iyo martvilSi, mTavari eklesiis Crdilo-
eTiT, Tlili qvisgan gakeTebul patara samsarTulian eklesiaSi, romelsac asaxeleben
Ciqvanebis eklesiad~ 7.
kvauTidan, Ciqvanebis sxvadasxva Stos warmomadgenlebi swored Semdeg mkvidrde-
bian zums, CvenTvis saintereso medans, nagurus, da tyaias 8.
Ciqvanebis saTavado, dResdReobiT Cvens xelT arsebuli masalebis safuZvelze,
sofel medanSi (jgalis Temi) flobda cixe-simagres md. Waniswylis marjvena mxares (ix.
qvemoT), sadac iqve maxloblad idga xis karis eklesia, romelic ekuTvnoda gogi da
mis Svils siko Ciqvans 9. Ees swored is teritoriebia sadac mimdebared mdebareobs jg-
alis, anu lesales cixe da toponimi leqoCaqe. amdenad, vfiqrobT, rom qoCaqiZeTa sag-

1 p. cxadaia, dasax. naSromi, gv. 141.

2 s. makalaTia, samegrelos istoria da eTnografia (Tbilisi, 1992), gv. 102.
3 i. anTelava, levan II dadiani (Tbilisi, 1990), gv. 133.
4 o. soselia, narkvevebi feodaluri drois dasavleT saqarTvelos socialur-politikuri istoriidan (sa-
Tavadoebi), III (Tbilisi, 1990), gv. 309.
5 iqve, gv. 310.
6 iqve, gv. 317.
7 iqve, gv. 318; ix. d. WiTanava, dasax. naSromi, gv. 186.
8 o. soselia, dasax. naSromi, gv. 320.
9 d. WiTanava, dasax. naSromi, gv. 362-363.
123
vareulos kuTvnil adgilebs am midamoebSi XVIII saukunis bolo meoTxedidan CiqvanTa
saTavado unda daufleboda.
levan II dadianis dros qoCaqiZeTa gvaris maRal mdgomareobas da dadianisadmi maT
erTgulebas mowmobs kidev erTi wyaro sadac, Cveni azriT, qoCaqiZis gvari ikiTxeba.
kerZod, ruseTis elCebis fedot elCinis da pavle zaxarievis 1639-1640 wlebis angariSSi
aRniSnulia, rom `1 marts levan mefem yabardoSi gaagzavna oleke murzesTan Tavisi az-
nauri quCalianis gvaridan, romlis saxelia Tavei. mas Tavisi ufrosi vaJiSvilisTvis co-
lad unda eTxova misi qaliSvilis xeli~ 1. vfiqrobT, aq moxseniebuli quCaliani igive qo-
CaqiZea, romelic metad daaxloebuli pirovneba Cans levan dadianTan da SesaZloa, jga-
lis cixis mflobeli qoCaqiZis (romlis saxelic wyarodan ar Cans) identuri pirovneba
iyos. is unda yofiliyo am periodSi qoCaqiZeTa saTavados ufrosic. aq moxseniebuli misi
saxeli Tavei anu tavei, igive taia (=tarieli) unda iyos, romeli saxelic Semdgom XIX
saukuneSi Waladidis muxurSi mcxovreb am gvaris erT-erT warmomadgenelsac erqva.
saqarTvelos centralur saxelmwifo saistorio arqivSi daculi kidev erTi xel-
naweri dokumenti warmoadgens beko qoCaqiZis nasyidobis wigns sexnia sxvitariasadmi,
romelsac miwa uyidia sofel ewerSi 2.
es dokumenti uTariRoa, Tumca is Cveni azriT, XVIII saukunis meore naxevarSi
unda iyos Sedgenili, ramdenadac aq moxseniebuli beko qoCaqiZe unda iyos mama CvenTvis
kargad cnobili tariel qoCaqiZisa, romeli ukanasknelic 1833 wels daibada.
am dokumentis mixedviT ar Cans Tu sad mdebareobda beko qoCaqiZis mier gasxvise-
buli mamuli sofel ewerSi, ramdenadac eweris formis toponimebi soflis saxelwode-
bad samegreloSi bevr adgilas aris fiqsirebuli. Tu vimsjelebT am dokumentSi moxse-
niebuli sxvitariebis gvaris mixedviT, es unda iyos mdinare rionTan _ dRevandeli aba-
Sis raionSi mdebare sofeli eweri, romlis gverdiT mdebare sofel wyaliZgaSi, sadac
afxazeTis kaTalikoss qonia sasaxle, XVIII saukunis wyaroebSi ixsenieba sxvitariebis
gvari, kerZod mamiguli sxvitaria, romelic afxazeTis kaTalikozs (grigols) Seuwi-
ravs caiSis monastrisaTvis 3. aRsaniSnavia, rom aqve axlos mdebareobs qoCaqiZeTa gva-
ris ZiriTadi samkvidro soflebi Waladidis muxuri da sariaCqoni. amas amtkicebs isic,
rom XIX saukunis bolo moTxedSi maqsime qoCaqiZis ymebs Soris ixseniebian sofel Wa-
ladidis muxursa da sofel ekSi mcxovrebi cxvitavebi (ix. qvemoT), romelic gvarsaxel
sxvitarias identuri gviandeli forma Cans.
1768-1772 wlebiT daTariRebul wyalobis wignSi kacia dadianisa giorgi dadianis-
Svilisadmi, romlebic Zmebi iyvnen, moxseniebulia deisma qoCaqiZe 4.
am dokumentidan Cans, rom deisma qoCaqiZis sasaxle, alag-mamuli da iq mosaxle
kacebi _ koCaia mWedlisSvili, xosiela mWedlisSvili, sexnia surgulaia, paatela sur-
gulaia da kidev ori mojalabe koCobia da meTagilu gadaucia kacia II (1745-1788 ww.)
dadians Tavisi Zma giorgi dadianiSvilisTvis. am dokumentis Sinaarsi gvafiqrebinebs,
rom qoCaqiZeTa saTavado mflobeloba da siZliere am perioSi Sesustebuli Cans. swo-
red amiT aixsneba mTavris mier Tavis ojaxis wevrebze am mamulebis ase advilad ga-
dacemis faqti. Aam dokumentidan ar Cans Tu romel soflebzea saubari da sad unda yo-
filiyo deisma qoCaqiZisadmi CamorTmeuli misi kuTvnili sasaxle da adgil-mamuli,
Tumca vfiqrobT, es unda iyos Waladidis muxurSi da mis mimdebared rionispiras mde-
bare soflebSi (sariaCqoni, patara foTi), sadac qoCaqiZeebi XVIII saukunidan arian gan-
saxlebulni da floben ZiriTad yma-mamulebs. amas gvafiqrebinebs XIX saukunis 70-
ian wlebSi qvemoT warmodgenili qoCaqiZeTa yma-mamulebis aRweriloba, romel sof-
lebSic maT ymebs Soris arian is gvarebi (xviCia, surgulaia, igive surgulaZe), romle-
bic zemoT warmodgenil dokumentSia naxsenebi.
quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul muzeumSi daculi xelnaweri dokumenti, romelic
TariRdeba 1758 wliT, warmoadgens kacia II dadianis (1745-1788 ww.) wyalobis wigns ymis
gadacemis Taobaze aznaur alSibaiebisadmi, sadac mowmed da `gamriged~ (sxva pirebTan

1
Посольства Федота Елчина и Павла Захариева в Менгрелию (1639-1640), Материалы по церковной и этнополитической истории
Абхазии, Для изучения подготовил, предисловием, комментариями и словарем снабдил Дж. Гамахария, (Тбилиси, 2005), с. 224.
2 saqarTvelos centraluri saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1448, saq. #2049.
3
s. kakabaZe, dasavleT saqarTvelos saeklesio sabuTebi, w. I_II, (tfilisi, 1914), gv. 143.
4 istoriuli dokumentebi imereTis samefosa da guria-odiSis samTavroebisa (1466-1770), w. I, teqsti gamos-
ca, winasityvaoba da saZieblebi daurTo S. burjanaZem (Tbilisi, 1958), gv. 158.
124
erTad), moxseniebulia giorgi qoCaqiZe 1. rogorc Cans, igive giorgi qoCaqiZea moxsenieb-
ulia mowmed 1759 wliT daTariRebul quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul muzeumSi dacul
kidev erT xelnawer dokumentSi (sxva pirebTan erTad), romelic warmoadgens kacia II
(1745-1788 ww.) dadianis wyalobis wigns ymebis gadacemis Taobaze Tavad beri afaqi-
Zisadmi 2.
qoCaqiZeTa gvaris warmomadgeneli (saxelis gareSe), samegrelos da imereTis Ta-
vadebs Soris ixsenieba 1759 wlis 30 dekembriT daTariRebul cnobil dokumentSic, ro-
melic warmoadgens imereTis mTavarTa da TavadaznaurTa xelwerilis wigns solomon
I-isadmi tyvis gausyidvelobis Taobaze 3.
quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul muzeumSi daculia XIX saukunis Sua periodis ki-
dev aTamde sxvadasxva Sinaarsis xelnaweri dokumenti, romelSic umTavresad figuri-
rebs Waladidis muxurSi mcxovrebi Tavadi manuCar qoCaqiZe 4.
zugdidis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiul muzeumSi daculi 1852 wliT da-
TariRebuli xelnaweri sabuTi gvamcnobs, rom am dros martvilis mazris mdivanbegi
yofila Tavadi maqsime qoCaqiZe. iq daculia misi xelmowera 5.
quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul arqivSi daculi masalebis mixedviT CvenTvis cno-
bilia XIX saukuneSi Waladidis muxurSi mcxovreb Tavad qoCaqiZeTa yvela warmomad-
geneli maTi dabadebis da gardacvalebis wlebiT da ojaxebis sruli SemadgenlobiT.
is 1866 wlis aRweris mixedviT am saxis aris:
1) podporuCiki maqsime beris Ze qoCaqiZe, dab. 1816 w.
meuRle: marTa, dab. 1826 w.
Svilebi:
1. giorgi, dab. 1839 w.
2. makrina, dab. 1840 w.
3. elizaveta, dab. 1852 w.
4. nino, dab. 1857 w.
5. antoni, dab. 1856 w.
6. aleqsandre, dab. 1858 w.
7. melitoni, dab. 1859 w.
2) manuCar beJanis Ze qoCaqiZe, dab. 1811 w.
meuRle: elizaveta, dab. 1831 w.
Svilebi:
1. daviTi, dab. 1847 w.
2. matrona, dab. 1851 w.
3. despina, dab. 1853 w.
4. natalia, dab. 1855 w.
5. levani, dab. 1861 w.
3) tariel bekos Ze qoCaqiZe, dab. 1833 w.
meuRle: pupi, dab. 1838 w.
Svilebi:
1. varvara, dab. 1858 w.
2. makrina, dab. 1860 w.
4) podporuCiki manuCar vaxtangis Ze qoCaqiZe, dab. 1818 w.
meuRle: elizaveta, dab. 1826 w.
Svilebi:
1. barTlome, dab. 1859 w.
2. vladimeri, dab. 1862 w.
3. varvara, dab. 1860 w.

1 quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 1507.

2 quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 1073.
3 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. VI. teqsti gamosca, SeniSvnebi da saZieblebi daurTo prof. i. doliZem
(Tbilisi, 1977), gv. 712-715.
4 quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2358, sab. 2360, sab. 1701, sab. 2367,
sab. 2365, sab. 2366, sab. 2364,sab. 2363, sab. 2362, sab. 2361.
5 f. afaqiZe, a. tuRuSi, masalebi ganaTlebis istoriisaTvis samegrelos samTavroSi (zugdidi, 2001), gv. 50;
zugdidis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumi, sab. 8222.
125
 4. maria, dab. 1864 w.
5) besarion kakus Ze qoCaqiZe, dab. 1841 w.
misi Zma baxva, dab. 1843 w. 1
aRsaniSnavia, rom 1908 wlis masalebiT, niko da dadianis dros zugdidis qalaqis
mmarTveli yofila Tavadi qoCaqiZe (aleqsandre manuCaris Ze qoCaqiZe _ d. W.). kerZod,
1906 wels, zugdidis qalaqad damtkiceba-ardamtkicebis sakiTxis gadawyveta kavkasiis
mefisnacvals miendo, magram amas mniSvnelovnad xels uSlida is garemoeba, rom niko
dadians surda Tavisi sasaxle, ezo da baRi momavali qalaqis farglebSi moqceuliyo.
amitom zugdidis es nawili amoRebul iqna qalaqis gegmidan. xolo 1908 wels men-
grelskis (niko dadiani) mamulebis mmarTveli Tavadi qoCaqiZe (aleqsandre _ d. W.)
daeTanxma momavali qalaqis sazRvrebSi moqceuliyo namTavralis kuTvnili miwebi misi
sasaxlis ezosa da baRis gamoklebiT. am miwebs dadiani usasyidlod uTmobda qalaqs 2.
quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul arqivSi daculi masalebis mixedviT, Cvens xelT
arsebobs qoCaqiZeTa gvaris warmomadgenlTa mier samegrelos sxvadasxva soflebSi maT
mflobelobaSi myofi ymebis zusti komlobrivi sia sulTa raodenobiT. is 1870 wli-
saTvis am saxis aris:
sofel ekSi (senakis raioni) maqsime qoCaqiZe flobs or koml ymas (Tvrameti suli):
1. cxvitava maqsime, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ TerTmeti suli
2. cxvitava maxuia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ Svidi suli.
sofel Waladidis muxurSi (senakis raioni) maqsime qoCaqiZe flobs eqvs koml ymas
(ocdaaTi suli):
1. rusia maTe, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ rva suli.
2. rusia svimonia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ xuTi suli.
3. gabelia Samaia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ sami suli.
4. jiqiZe niko, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ sami suli.
5. cxvitava bekoia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
6. bajalaZe egnate, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ Svidi suli.
sofel Waladidis muxurSi (senakis raioni) baxva qoCaqiZe flobs xuT koml ymas
(Teqvsmeti suli):
1. xviCia stefane, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
2. jiqiZe zurabi, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ sami suli.
3. jarjalava giorgi, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ ori suli.
4. garuCava nikoia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
5. garuCava gigoia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
sofel Waladidis muxurSi (senakis raioni) manuCar qoCaqiZe flobs Tvramet koml
ymas (samoci suli):
1. xviCia jarukia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ ori suli.
2. xviCia beJanika, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ sami suli.
3. xviCia gaxunia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ sami suli.
4. Tolordava koCa, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
5. Tolordava quTari, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ eqvsi suli.
6. Tolordava gvaCi, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ ori suli.
7. surgulaZe gogia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
8. jolia mixaili, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ erTi suli.
9. yurua petria, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
10. yurua xaxulia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ rva suli.
11. baaRaTuria maxarobela, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ ori suli.
12. naneiSvili gabrieli,ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
13. naneiSvili gogiela,ojaxis Semadgenloba _ eqvsi suli.
14. xurcia boSaia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ xuTi suli.
15. salayaia quCu, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ sami suli.
16. alania lazare, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ erTi suli.
17. xurcia quTaTi, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ erTi suli.

1 quTaisis saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 184, aRw. 1, saq. 7184.

2 a. tuRuSi, narkvevebi zugdidis istoriidan (Tbilisi, 2012); saqarTvelos centraluri saxelmwifo sais-
torio arqivi, fondi 12, aRw. 6, saq. 251, f. 89-90, 92-96.
126
 18. xurcia goCa, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ erTi suli.
sofel sariaCqonSi manuCar qoCaqiZe flobs xuT koml ymas (cxrameti suli):
1. baramiZe utuia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ xuTi suli.
2. baramia kvikvina, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ ori suli.
3. bajalaZe koxta, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ xuTi suli.
4. undilaia koxta, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ sami suli.
5. piCutava pepuaia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
sofel sariaCqonSi tariel qoCaqiZe flobs oTx koml ymas (Tormeti suli):
1. gelozia miqelia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
2. gelozia maTe, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
3. xviCia baTaia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ ori suli.
4. xviCia nestori, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ ori suli.
sofel patara foTSi manuCar qoCaqiZe flobs erT koml ymas: Wyonia osmani,
ojaxis Semadgenloba _ sami suli.
sofel TeklaTSi (senakis raioni) maqsime qoCaqiZe flobs or koml ymas (TerTmeti
suli):
1. canava iordane, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ oTxi suli.
2. canava maTiela, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ Svidi suli.
sofel TaiaSi (Cxorowyus raioni) elizaveta qoCaqiZe (Tavad afaqiZis meuRle)
flobs or koml ymas (cameti suli):
1. Tolordava bijgva, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ eqvsi suli.
2. Tolordava utuia, ojaxis Semadgenloba _ Svidi suli 1.
maSasadame, 1870-ian wlebSi qoCaqiZeebi, mTlianobaSi, floben ormocdaxuT koml
ymas, romlTa ojaxebi as oTxmocdasam suls iTvlis.
mniSvnelovani cnobebi gagvaCnia qoCaqiZeTa gvaris ojaxebis ZiriTad Semosavlis
wyaroze XIX saukuneSi.Aam mxriv, aRsaniSnavia k. borozdinis cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom
sofel Waladidis muxurSi mcxovrebi Tavadi qoCaqiZeebi (Tavad mxeiZeebis da miqaZeebis
gvaris warmomadgenlebTan erTad) ZiriTadad xe-tyis warmoebas misdevdnen 2. amas gvi-
dasturebs zugdidis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiul muzeumSi daculi sabuTic,
romelic gvamcnobs, rom zugdidSi dedoflis sasaxlisaTvis saWiro ficris orasi
Reri kopiti uyidiaT manuCar da maqsi qoCaqiZeebisgan 3.
samwuxarod Cven ar gagvaCnia zusti monacemebi qoCaqiZeTa saTavados mamulebis Se-
saxeb. XIX saukunis realobaze, am mxriv, erTaderTi arasrulad xelmosaWidi gaxlavT
k. borozdinis cnoba sadac aRniSnulia, rom `...marjvena nawili civis-wylidan (zugdi-
dis olqis sazRvari) sofel TeklaTidan iwyeboda, sadac, Tavadni mxeiZeni cxovrob-
dnen. maTs iqiT zRvisken Tavadni jaianni, qoCaqiZeebi da miqaZeebi cxovrobdnen. maTi
mamuli md. rionamde swvdeboda, mere iwyeboda didi saeklesio mamuli, saWyondidlo,
romelic raionis napirad ido, sof. WaladidTan. saeklesio mamulis samxreTiT, ra-
ionis ayolebaze, quTaTisis guberniis sazRvramde, saWilao iyo, sadac cxovrobdnen
aznaurebi: korZaiebi, naneiSvilebi da sxva...~ 4.
XIX saukunis saarqivo masalebis mixedviT, qoCaqiZeTa gvaris ZiriTadi salocavi
iyo sofel Waladidis muxuris wminda giorgis saxelobis eklesia, romelic dRes dan-
greulia. iq mRvdlebi iyvnen babiluebis aznauruli da samRvdelo warmoSobis gvaris
warmomadgenlebi. Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom qoCaqiZeTa sagvareulo saZvale iyo ara
am eklesiasTan mdebare sasaflao, aramed am eklesiisadmi zedmiweril saqoCaqiZeoSi
mdgar ioane naTlismcemlis saxelobis eklesiasTan gamarTuli sasaflao. rogorc
Cans, swored es iyo qoCaqiZeTa saTavados karis eklesia.Ees xis eklesiac gasabWoebis
dros daangries.
ar gagvaCnia cnobebi imis Sesaxeb, flobdnen Tu ara qoCaqiZeebi maTi gansaxlebis
am arealSi (Waladidis muxuri) cixe-simagres, rac Semdgom kvlevas moiTxovs. xolo

1 Подворная опись по-обязанным крестьянам Сенакского уезда. 1870-1873 г., quTaisis saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi.
2 k. borozdini, samegrelo da svaneTi 1854-1861, mogonebani, Targmnili T. saxokias mier (Tbilisi, 1934), gv. 234.
3 a. tuRuSi, narkvevebi zugdidis..., gv. 36.
4 k. borozdini, samegrelo da svaneTi (1854-1861), mogonebani, Targmnili T. saxokias mier, meore gamocema
(Tbilisi, 2004), gv. 233.
127
XVII saukunis dasawyisSi, rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, isini flobdnen jgalis anu dRevan-
del lesales cixes da iq mdebare sasaxles ymebiTurT.
XIX saukunis pirvel naxevarSi, rodesac saqarTveloSi rusuli mmarTveloba dam-
yarda, saqarTvelos TavadaznaurTa mdgomareoba sagrZnoblad Seicvala. ruseTis impe-
ratoris nikoloz I-is brZanebiT, senats daevala aRmosavleT saqarTvelosa da imere-
Tis Tavadaznaurobis damdgeni droebiTi komisiebis Seqmna Tbilissa da quTaisSi. am
brZanebis Sesabamisad saTanado komisiebi Seiqmna 1846 wlis 30 marts. realurad am
komisiam muSaoba daiwyo 1850 wlis 1 agvistos da Tavisi daskvna kavkasiis droebiTma
komisiam warudgina kavkasiis komitets. 1850 wlis 6 dekembers, rogorc qarTl-kaxeTis,
ise imereTisa da guriis TavadaznaurTa siebi daamtkica imperatorma nikoloz I-ma, rom-
lis brZanebiTac imereTisa da guriis TavadaznarTa deputatobis sakrebulo Seiqmna
quTaisSi. am sakrebulos ufleba eZleoda ganexila wodebis maZiebelTa saqmeebi da
gadaeca wodebaSi damtkicebis sabuTebi. Tavad-aznaurTa siebSi moxvdnen mxolod ise-
Tebi, visac wodebis damadasturebeli ueWveli sabuTebi hqonda. aRsaniSnavia, rom si-
ebSi ar SeutaniaT bevri iseTi ojaxi Tu piri, romlebic namdvilad ekuTvnodnen pri-
vilegirebul wodebas, magram saTanado sabuTebi ar aRmoaCndaT. maT dautoves ufleba
gaegrZelebinaT wodebis Zieba. zogma `maZiebelma~ SemdgomSi miaRwia kidec sasurvel mi-
zans, magram aseTebi cotani iyvnen. am `Ziebas~ bolo moeRo ruseTis imperiaSi revo-
luciis Sedegad 1.
Cven gagvaCnia quTaisis saxelmwifo saistorio arqivSi daculi dokumentebi Ta-
vad qoCaqiZeTa gvaris warmomadgenlebis Tavadur wodebaSi aRiarebis Sesaxeb.
1895 wlis 18 seqtembers TavadaznaurTa wodebis ganmxilveli komisiis winaSe war-
dgenil iqna nikoloz qoCaqiZis Tavadobis damadasturebeli Svidi dokumenti, romelic
komisiisTvis warsadgenad naTargmni iyo rusul enaze. masSi warmodgenilia samegrelos
mTavris daviT dadianis werili daTariRebuli 1853 wlis 2 martiT, romelSic tariel
qoCaqiZe da biZamisi manuCari saxeldebian Tavadebad.
TavadaznaurTa sagvareuloebis Semswavlel komisiis sxdomaze, Tavadma S. i. mxe-
iZem (romelic am dros samegrelos umaRlesi wodebis Semswavleli komisiis Tav-
mjdomare iyo) da mdivanma n. i. gamrekelma ganixiles nikoloz tarielis Ze qoCaqiZis
ganacxadi maTi TavadTa rigebSi aRiarebis Taobaze.
amave dros am dokumentaciidan Cans, rom nikoloz qoCaqiZes warudgenia metrikuli
sabuTi, romlis mixedviT is 1876 wels yofila dabadebuli. mamamisi iyo taia (igive
tarieli) qoCaqiZe. amave dros dokumentebSi aRniSnulia, rom tariels hqonia rusuli
Cinebi da ordenebi. aseve dadasturebulia, rom is samegrelos mTavris daviT dadianis
gardacvalebamdec yovelTvis atarebda Tavadis wodebas.
1895 wlis 15 seqtembriT daTariRebul masalebSi warmodgenilia senakis mazris
sofel Waladidis Tavadis nikoloz tarielis Ze qoCaqiZis Tavadobis damadasturebeli
dokumenti, saidanac Cans, rom gvari qoCaqiZe, mTavris daviT dadianis gardacvalebamde
da mas Semdegac yovelTvis atarebda Tavadis Rirsebas. arsebula grigol dadianis
(1788-1804 ww.) mier gacemuli amis damadasturebeli sigelic, Tumca rogorc aRniSnulia,
maTdami samegrelos mTavrebisagan saTavado an saaznauro mamuli boZebuli ar yofila,
aseve, samegrelos mTavrebis dros maTi romeli gvaris wevri ar yofila erT-erTi
karis kacis Tanamdebobaze, arc mdivanbegad da arc samTavros mouravadac ayvanilni ar
yofilan. Cveni azriT, qoCaqiZeTa sagvareulos es SedarebiT damcrobili mdgomareoba
asaxavs viTarebas XVIII saukunis meore naxevridan moyolebuli XX saukunis CaTvliT,
xolo maTi gvaris Zveli `dideba~, romelic levan II dadianis droisad unda miviCnioT
(zemoT warmodgenili wyaroebiT es naTlad dasturdeba), ukve miviwyebuli iyo.
kidev erTi dokumentidan Cans, rom tariel bekos Ze qoCaqiZis meuRlea ninia nikos
asuli, xolo maTi Svili nikolozi dabadebula 1868 wlis 5 noembers; mounaTlavT 1871
wlis 14 noembers (naTlia _ qalaq foTis pirveli gildiis vaWari dimitri danielis Ze
smirnovi, naTlobis saidumlo Seasrula sofel Waladidis muxuris eklesiis mRvdelma
aTanase babiluam, medaviTne iese gagua). 1898 wels ki, nikoloz tarielis Ze qoCaqiZe
Seitanes ruseTis imperiis saTavadaznauro wignis mexuTe nawilSi 2.

1 z. WumburiZe, Sesavali, imereTis TavadTa da aznaurTa ojaxebi (Tbilisi, 1999), gv. 3-4.
2 quTaisis saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1, saq. 4866.
128
 1867 wliT daTariRebul, TavadaznaurTa gvarebis Semswavleli komisiis mier Sed-
genil dokumentSi, romelsac xels aweren quTaisis guberniis zugdidis mazris Tavad-
aznaurTa gvaris warmomadgenlebi, romlebic Sediodnen samegrelos, samurzayanos da
svaneTis gvarTa Semswavlel droebiT komisiaSi (ix. qvemoT), aRniSnulia, rom qoCaqiZe-
ebi (uklebliv yvela ojaxi romlebic Cven zemoT CamovTvaleT) Tavadebad ixseniebian
samegrelos mTavar grigolis dros (unda igulisxmebodes samegrelos mTavari grigol
dadiani _ d. W.) da isini am komisiis wevrebis xelmoweriT erTxmad iqnen aRiarebulni
TavadTa rigebSi. am dokuments xels aweren: Tavadebi _ petre mxeiZe, ivane Ciqovani,
baTa ServaSiZe, niko Ciqovani, beqirbi dadeSqeliani, ivane mxeiZe, kosta afaqiZe, oTar
gardafxaZe. aznaurebi _ ivane Ciqovani, xaxu jolia, aleqsi Sengelaia, tagu jijixia,
niko yruaSvili, ivane axvlediani; aseve, uCana marRania da murza qurdiani.
am dokumentaciaSi devs 1872 wlis 10 ivlisiT daTariRebuli sabuTi, romelic
gvamcnobs, rom giorgi maqsimes Ze qoCaqiZes komisiisagan mouTxovia waredgina
saswavlebelSi graf vladimer vasilis ZisaTvis informacia imis Taobaze, iricxeboda
Tu ara igi TavadTa rigebSi da romeli nomriT iyo iq 1.
gazeT `mwyemsis~ cnobiT, 1883 wlamde senakSi arsebobda mamaTa monasteri, rome-
lic dedaTa monastrad 1884 wels gadaukeTebiaT. is akurTxa guria-samegrelos episko-
posma grigorim. monastrisaTvis xalxs uamravi Sesawiravi gauRia. maT Soris iyvnen
qoCaqiZeTa gvaris warmomadgenlebic, romlebic iq Tavadebad arian moxseniebuli: `Tav.
manuCar qoCaqiZem aRuTqva yovel wlobiT monasters TiTo Tumani; Tavadma ivane
grigoris Zem SarvaSiZem erTi wyvili didi Sandlebi; aznaurma grigori gatus Ze Ca-
Cibaiam 6 m., Tav. giorgi ivanes Ze dadianma TxuTmeti maneTis saRirali nivTi; aznaurma
basa fulariam 3 m., aznaurma vardan salayaiam 3 m., Tavadma vladimer qoCakiZem 1 man.,
senakis mazris sammarTvelos sekretarma niko dgebuaZem 3 m., zeda TeklaTis Statis
mRvdelma vasil xecurianma 10 m.~ 2.
sagvareulos cnobili warmomadgeneli iyo poeti giorgi Waladideli (giorgi
qoCaqiZe, 1847-1898 ww.). Tavad g. Waladideli dasaflavebulia q. senakSi, qalaqis baRSi 3.

1 quTaisis saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1, saq. 230.

2 damswre, mwyemsi, 20 (Tbilisi, 1889); d. WiTanava, dasax. naSromi, gv. 127.
3 T. saxokia, Cemi saukunis adamianebi (Tbilisi, 1969), gv. 52-56.
129
130
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15. saqarTvelos centraluri saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 12, aRw. 6, saq. #251, f. 89-90,
92-96.
16. saqarTvelos centraluri saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1448, saq. #2049.
17. saqarTvelos centraluri saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1448, saq. #5040.
18. saqarTvelos centraluri saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1449, saq. #750, saq.N#259
19. T. saxokia, Cemi saukunis adamianebi (Tbilisi, 1969).
20. o. soselia, narkvevebi feodaluri drois dasavleT saqarTvelos socialur-politi-
kuri istoriidan (saTavadoebi), III (Tbilisi, 1990).
21. a. tuRuSi, narkvevebi zugdidis istoriidan (Tbilisi, 2012).
22. a. tuRuSi, caiSis saepiskoposo (zugdidi, 2001).
23. qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. III, teqsti gamosca, SeniSvnebi da saZieblebi daurTo
prof. i. doliZem (Tbilisi, 1970).
24. qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. VI. teqsti gamosca, SeniSvnebi da saZieblebi daurTo
prof. i. doliZem (Tbilisi, 1977).
25. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 1073.
26. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 1507.
27. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 1701.
28. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2358.
29. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2360.
30. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2361.
31. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2362.
32. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2363.
33. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2364.
34. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2365.
35. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2366.
36. quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis masalebi, sab. 2367.
37. quTaisis saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1, saq. 230.
38. quTaisis saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 1, saq. 4866.
39. quTaisis saxelmwifo saistorio arqivi, f. 184, aRw. 1, saq. 7184.
40. p. cxadaia, gvarebi da gvarTa dasaxlebani samegreloSi (Tbilisi, 2000).
41. d. WiTanava, eklesiebi da TavdacviTi nagebobebi samegreloSi (uZvelesi droidan dRem-
de) (Tbilisi, 2010).
42. d. WiTanava, pirsaxelebi da gvarsaxelebi `jgalis cixis sakaTalikoso gamosavlis~
nusxis mixedviT (1616-1621 ww.) istoriul-eTnologiuri Ziebani, t. XVIII (Tbilisi, 2016).
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43. z. WumburiZe, Sesavali, imereTis TavadTa da aznaurTa ojaxebi (Tbilisi, 1999).
44. iv. javaxiSvili, qarTveli eris istoria, wigni meoTxe (Tbilisi, 1948).
45. Подворная описьпо-обязанным крестьянам Сенакского уезда. 1870-1873 г., quTaisis saxelmwifo
saistorio arqivi.
46. Посольства Федота Елчина и Павла Захариевав Менгрелию (1639-1640), Материалы по церковной и
этнополитической истории Абхазии, Для изучения подготовил, предисловием, комментариями и сло-
варем снабдил Дж. Гамахария (Тбилиси, 2005).

DAVID CHITANAVA
Ivane Javakhishvili Institute of History and Ethnology,
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Universiti

QOCHAQIDZE NOBLEMEN

In this article, history of the Mengrelian noblemen from Qochaqidze house is investigated for the first time -
based on archival materials.
The representatives of the Qochaqidze genus lived in the village Chaladidi-Mukhuri in XVIII-XIX centuries
and in this village as well as in other nearby villages, possessed small number of serfs and it also seems that they
did not have their own fortress. In XV-XVII century’s ownership of the area by them was more extensive and
strategically located for Samegrelo principality, where they had a strong fortress and quite a significant number of
serfs.
The earliest document which refers to Rostoan (same as Rostom D. Ch.) Qochaqidze is from the late XV
century.
Chronologically, next reference about surname Qochaqidze is found in great ledger of Abkhazia’s Catholic
peasants dated 1616-1621 years, where the Jgale castle’s list of Patriarchal 'solution' is given. This document does
not seem to mention here Qochaqidze name mentioned above. It is clear, that the Jgale castle together with its
peasants – which, according to this document comprised of 38 households, has been granted to him by Levan II
Dadiani.
It seems that Qochaqidze owned the Jgale castle and the surrounding area, and lived there in the beginning of
the XVII century; while they populated Chaladidi-Mukhuri village of Senaki district, from XVIII century, until the
first quarter of XX century. Jgale castle referred to here, is situated in the present-day village of Jgali (Tsalendjikha
district), which is known by Lesale castle’s name today, named after the district where Saliebi’s genus lives. Right
here, in the village Leshamuge (Chqvaleri community) toponyms in form of Leqochaqe//Leqochage is fixed, which
indicates that the population of this family has lived in these places. After derogation of Qochaqidze noble house,
Chiqvani noblemen had to take over their rightful places in the area in the last quarter of XVIII century. The paper
presents about fifty handwritten archival documents of Qochaqidze genus, many of which are being published for
the first time. In the 70’s of XIX century, Qochaqidze own a total of 45 servants’ families, which in total included
183 souls.
According to the archival materials of XIX century, the main place of worship for the Qochaqidze genus was
the St. George’s church, situated in the Chaladidi-Mukhuri village, which is no longer standing. Here they also had
court church. They did not possess a fortress in Chaladidi-Mukhuri. According to the archival documents, it is clear
that in the second half of the XIX century Russian Empire has unanimously recognized and put in the recognized
noble book absolutely all of the representatives of the Qochaqidze genus.

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