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Blow Room
Blow Room
Blow Room
The Blowroom
Mixer
Fine Cleaners
Pre-cleaner
Bale Opener
Mixer
Mixer
Pre-cleaner
Pre-cleaner
Mixer
Fine Cleaner
Bale Opener
Mixing Opener
Mixer
Pre-cleaner Dosage Blender
Fine Cleaner
Bale Opener
Carding
Drawing
Roving frame
Ring frame
Dosage blender
Ways of opening:
1) Breaking up of larger tufts into several smaller tufts to create new surfaces,
2) Opening up of individual tufts to increase the volume.
Hence short cleaning lines with only two or three cleaning points are today’s state-
of-the-art. With appropriate machinery design, one pre-cleaner and one or two fine-
cleaners per line are sufficient.
Small diameter,widely
Rollers
used, e.g. in step
cleaners.
The efficiency depends not only on the devices but also on the size of the
flocks. The smaller the flocks, the higher is the efficiency.
Fibers can be blended at various stages of the process. These possibilities should
always be fully exploited, for example, by transverse doubling.
However, the starting process is one of the most important stages for blending, since
the components are still separate and therefore can be metered exactly and without
dependence upon random effects.
Roving-frame 1 1 1 1 1
Drawframe
per passage 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Comber 12 15 17 19 — —
Ribbon lap 1 1 1 1 —
Sliver lap 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 —
Card 5.0 3.8 3.1 2.8 0.6
Blowroom 6 5 4 3 0.5
1. Opening machines.
2. Mixing machines.
3. Cleaning machines.
4. Dust-removing equipment or machines.
5. Recycling machines.
Pre-cleaning
no nipping: Zone-2 Machines
gentle treatment
Fine cleaning
nipped: Zone-4 Machines
intensive treatment
Dosage blender
Another variant is that fine cleaning and card feed can form a single
unit.
A bale layout can consist of up to 60 bales from between four and six different
origins, i.e. from four to six different types of bales per fiber blend. Intervening
spaces often have to be left between the individual bale groups so that the
extraction roller can be adapted to varying bale heights.
The moment the bale at the lowest point of the wedge is completely
exhausted, a new bale at the other end is forwarded into the wedge. The
replacement of the bales goes on one by one continuously and
automatically. In this case, one has to make sure that the average quality
parameters of the blend remain constant.
The Rieter UNIfloc enables up to 130 bales arranged per side as four
components (different bale types) per blend over a maximum layout length
of 50 m to be processed. The machine can process one or two blends
simultaneously. The production rate is normally up to 1400 kg/h.
The chassis (A), which moves back and forth on the guide rails, carries a
turret (B), which is rotatable through 180° and supports a raisable and
lowerable extracting assembly (C).
The latter has individually replaceable double-tooth discs and changes its
direction of rotation on reversal of the direction of movement of the chassis,
so that material can be extracted in both directions of travel.
The step cleaner is disappearing more and more from the market. In
this machine, the material falls into the feed hopper and passes to the
first beater.
The machine excels in high cleaning efficiencies with the lowest fiber loss.
Prof.Dr. A.Kirecci - TE 211 Yarn Man. I 50
Zone 3 - Blending Machines
The chutes are filled successively, and the material is removed from all
chutes simultaneously. This gives a good long-term blend.
Yarn produced
With a modern blowroom line, for many types of cotton the fine
cleaning line (I) is no longer required, only fine cleaning (II).
The opening-and-cleaning
box is equipped with a
beater (3) and a grid (4)
fitted with adjustable
blades.
In older installations, this zone was provided by the scutcher in the form
of a Kirschner beater and still may be even in modern lines without a
scutcher.
Feed Apparatus
Feed of material to the opening rollers occurs in free flight (gentle but less
intensive treatment of the fibers) or in a clamped condition (intensive but
less gentle treatment).
Free flight requires only a drop chute, suction pipe, or vortex transport from
rollers; a clamped-feed condition demands special machine components.
a
Prof.Dr. A.Kirecci - TE 211 Yarn Man. I 78
In a device having a feed roller and a table, the clamping distance a can be
made very small. This gives intensive opening.
However, clamping over the entire width is poor since the roller presses
only on the highest points of the wadding.
Thin places in the web can be dragged out of the wadding as a clump by
the beaters.
a
Prof.Dr. A.Kirecci - TE 211 Yarn Man. I 79
Where pedals are used, the table is divided into many sections, each
of which individually presses the web against the roller, e.g. via spring
pressure. This gives secure clamping with a small clamping distance
a.
The bars are of wood or plastics; steel spikes are set into the bars
at a special angle and at greater or smaller spacing.
The material is carried along by the spikes penetrating into the raw
material.
- speed relationships;
Since only a small part of the material — the smaller flocks — can
pass between the very closely spaced spike systems, the greater
part is continually thrown back into the hopper, and this has both
positive and negative effects.
Short, flat, oval, or round iron pegs are welded, riveted or screwed on
the surface of short cylinders.
Flat and oval pegs are secured with the narrow side facing the
direction of rotation.
At the start of the line, the spacing of the striker elements on the roller is
greater; finer spacings are used in the middle (to the end) of the line.
The cylindrical parts are similar to those of the spiked rollers, but they have
larger diameters of 600 mm and more.
The striking elements are mostly of the same type, though they may differ.
Rotation rates range between 400 and 800 r/min, and the device can be
arranged parallel to or at right angles to the material flow.
Rotational speeds lie between 600 and 1000 r/min. Sawtooth rollers are
used at the end of the line.
Rollers with needles or pins are being used to protect the fibers in
this case.
Needle roll
In the course of one rotation of the shaft, the web projecting from
the feed rollers is subjected to two or three blows over its whole
width. The opening effect, and hence the cleaning effect, is small.
Kirschner beaters are therefore often used at the last opening position in
the blowroom line, since good pre-opening of the fiber material enables
gentle opening to be achieved at the taker-in of the card.
c d
e
Prof.Dr. A.Kirecci - TE 211 Yarn Man. I 102
Grid Adjustment
c
Prof.Dr. A.Kirecci - TE 211 Yarn Man. I 103
It is seldom possible to make all three adjustments; the machines are
generally so designed that only two adjustment types are possible.