Chapter-2 Components of food

Nutrients-There are 7 essential components or substances in the food

is called nutrients

7 NUTRIENTS

1. Carbohydrates-common energy giving food

2. Fats-energy giving food,but more than carbohydrates
3. Proteins
4. Vitamins
5. Mineral salt
6. Water
7. Roughage(Fibre)

On the basis of the role of the nutrients in our body is classified into 3

1. Energy Giving Food- Carbohydrates, Fats

2.Body-Building Food (growth promoting food) - Proteins

3.Protective Food- Vitamins ,Minerals

FOOD GROUPS
Energy Giving Food Body-Building Protective Food
Food
Cereals (wheat,rice) pulses(Peas,soya bean) Fruits,Green Leafy
Sugar,jaggery,honey Vegetables(Spinach,Cabbage,
Potato,Sweet Potato. cauliflower),Other vegetables
Milk and Milk Products- Milk,Cheese,fish,egg, (Carrot,tomato)
Butter, Cheese meat Milk, Egg
Animal fat from meat
Vegetable oils-cocconut oil,
groundnut oil
Nuts
 BASIC FOOD GROUPS

1. Milk group – provides proteins, fat, minerals & water to our body

2. Pulses and meat group- provides proteins,fat,some vitamins &

minerals
3. Bread and cereal group- provides Carbohydrates ,little proteins
&some vitamins
4. Fruits and vegetable group – provides lots of water with vitamins
minerals and roughage and some Carbohydrates,proteins as well as
very little fat

Consuption of too much fat is one of the main cause of obesity.

Obesity contributes to various problems like heart disease, high
blood pressure, diabetes.

Diseases due to imbalanced diet

FOOD DEFICENCIES DISEASES
(a)Protien and Carbohydrate Kwashiorkor,Marasmus
(b)vitamins Night blindness,Scurvy,Beri-Beri
(c)Minarals Anaemia,Goitre
EXCESSIVE INTAKE OF FOOD DISEASE
Over nutrition Obesity