49 CFR Ch. I (10-1-11 Edition) 173.318

§ 173.318 49 CFR Ch.
I (10–1–11 Edition)
Column 1 Column 2 (3) The jacket covering the insulation

on a tank used to transport a cryogenic
The pressure control valve must be de- 17 psig.
signed and set to limit the pressure in liquid must be made of steel if the
the cylinder to not more than. cryogenic liquid:
(i) Is to be transported by vessel (see
NOTE 1: The filling density for hydrogen, § 176.76(g) of this subchapter); or
cryogenic liquid is defined as the percent (ii) Is oxygen or a flammable mate-
ratio of the weight of lading in a packaging rial.
to the weight of water that the packaging
will hold at minus 423 °F. The volume of the
(4) A valve or fitting made of alu-
packaging at minus 423 °F is determined in minum with internal rubbing or abrad-
cubic inches. The volume is converted to ing aluminum parts that may come in
pounds of water (1 lb. of water = 27.737 cubic contact with oxygen in the cryogenic
inches). liquid form may not be installed on
(i) Each cylinder must be con- any cargo tank used to transport oxy-
structed, insulated and maintained so gen, cryogenic liquid unless the parts
that during transportation the total are anodized in accordance with ASTM
rate of venting shall not exceed 30 SCF Standard B 580 (IBR, see § 171.7 of this
of hydrogen per hour. subchapter).
(ii) In addition to the marking re- (5) An aluminum valve, pipe or fit-
quirements in § 178.35 of this sub- ting, external to the jacket that re-
chapter, the total rate of venting in tains lading during transportation may
SCF per hour (SCFH) shall be marked not be installed on any cargo tank used
on the top head or valve protection to transport oxygen, cryogenic liquid
band in letters at least one-half inch or any flammable cryogenic liquid.
high as follows: ‘‘VENT RATE**SCFH’’ (6) A cargo tank used to transport ox-
(with the asterisks replaced by the ygen, cryogenic liquid must be pro-
number representing the total rate of vided with a manhole (see § 178.338–6 of
venting, in SCF per hour). this subchapter).
(iii) Carriage by highway is subject (b) Pressure relief systems and pressure
to the conditions specified in control valves—(1) Types of pressure relief
§ 177.840(a) of this subchapter. systems—(i) Tanks in oxygen and flam-
(d) Mixtures of cryogenic liquid. Where mable cryogenic liquid service. Except as
charging requirements are not specifi- otherwise provided in this paragraph,
cally prescribed in paragraph (c) of this each tank in oxygen and flammable
section, the cryogenic liquid must be cryogenic liquid service must be pro-
shipped in packagings and under condi- tected by two independent pressure re-
tions approved by the Associate Ad- lief systems which are not connected in
ministrator. series, namely:
(A) A primary system of one or more
[Amdt. 173–166, 48 FR 27695, June 16, 1983, as pressure relief valves; and
amended by Amdt. 173–166, 49 FR 24314, June (B) A secondary system of one of
12, 1984; Amdt. 173–180, 49 FR 42735, Oct. 24, more frangible discs or pressure relief
1984; Amdt. 173–201, 52 FR 13041, Apr. 20, 1987:
Amdt. 173–250, 61 FR 25942, May 23, 1996;
valves. For a tank in carbon monoxide
Amdt. 173–261, 62 FR 24741, May 6, 1997; 66 FR service, the secondary system must be
45379, Aug. 28, 2001; 67 FR 16013, Sept. 27, 2002; pressure relief valves only.
68 FR 75742, Dec. 31, 2003; 69 FR 54046, Sept. (ii) Tanks in helium and atmospheric
7, 2004] gas (except oxygen) cryogenic liquid serv-
ice. For a tank used in helium and at-
§ 173.318 Cryogenic liquids in cargo mospheric gas (except oxygen) cryo-
tanks. genic liquid service, the tank must be
(a) General requirements. (1) A cargo protected by at least one pressure re-
tank may not be loaded with a cryo- lief system consisting of:
genic liquid colder than the design (A) One or more pressure relief
service temperature of the packaging. valves; or
(2) A cargo tank may not be loaded (B) A combination of one or more
with any material that may combine pressure relief valves and one or more
chemically with any residue in the frangible discs.
packaging to produce an unsafe condi- (2) Capacities of pressure relief sys-
tion (see § 178.338–15). tems—(i) Tanks in oxygen or flammable
672
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin., DOT § 173.318
cryogenic liquid service. For tanks in ox- (4) Setting of pressure relief devices. (i)
ygen or flammable cryogenic liquid On a tank used in oxygen or flammable
service, the primary system and the cryogenic liquid service, the pressure
secondary system of pressure relief de- relief devices must perform as follows.
vices must each have a flow capacity (A) Each pressure relief valve in the
equal to or greater than that cal- primary relief system must be set-to-
culated by the applicable formula in discharge at a pressure no higher than
paragraph 5.3.2 or paragraph 5.3.3 of 110 percent of the tank’s design pres-
CGA S–1.2 (IBR, see § 171.7 of this sub- sure.
chapter). In addition: (B) Each pressure relief device in the
(A) The primary pressure relief sys- secondary pressure relief system must
tem must have a total flow capacity at be designed to commence functioning
a pressure not exceeding 120 percent of at a pressure no lower than 130 percent
the tank’s design pressure. and no higher than 150 percent of the
(B) The secondary pressure relief sys- tank’s design pressure.
tem must have a total flow capacity at (ii) On a tank used in helium and at-
a pressure not exceeding 150 percent of mospheric gas (except oxygen) cryo-
the tank’s design pressure. genic liquid service, the pressure relief
(C) The flow capacity and rating devices in the pressure relief system
must be verified and marked by the must be designed to commence func-
manufacturer of the device in accord-
tioning at no higher than 150 percent of
ance with CGA Pamphlet S–1.2.
the tank’s design pressure.
(ii) Tanks in helium and atmospheric
(5) Optional pressure relief devices and
gas (except oxygen) cryogenic liquid serv-
pressure control valves. In addition to
ice. For tanks in helium and atmos-
the required pressure relief devices, a
pheric gas (except oxygen) cryogenic
cargo tank in cryogenic liquid (except
liquid service, the pressure relief sys-
carbon monoxide) service may be
tem must have a flow capacity equal to
equipped with one or both of the fol-
or greater than that calculated by the
lowing:
applicable formula in paragraphs 5.3.2
or 5.3.3 of CGA Pamphlet S–1.2. If the (i) One or more pressure control
pressure relief system consists of a valves set at a pressure below the
combination of pressure relief valves tank’s design pressure.
and frangible discs, the pressure relief (ii) One or more frangible discs set to
valves must have a total venting ca- function at a pressure not less than one
pacity equal to or greater than that and one-half times or more than two
calculated by the applicable formula in times the tank’s design pressure.
paragraph 4.1.10.1.1 of CGA Pamphlet (6) Maximum filling rate. (i) For a tank
S–1.2. The pressure relief system must used in oxygen and flammable cryo-
have this total flow capacity at a pres- genic liquid service, the maximum rate
sure not exceeding 150 percent of the at which the tank is filled must not ex-
tank’s design pressure. The flow capac- ceed the liquid flow capacity of the pri-
ity and rating must be verified and mary pressure relief system rated at a
marked by the manufacturer of the de- pressure not exceeding 120 percent of
vice in accordance with CGA Pamphlet the tank’s design pressure.
S–1.2. (ii) On a tank used in helium and at-
(3) Type and construction of pressure mospheric gas (except oxygen) cryo-
relief devices. (i) Each pressure relief de- genic liquid service, the maximum rate
vice must be designed and constructed at which the tank is filled must not ex-
for a pressure equal to or exceeding the ceed the liquid flow capacity of the
tank’s design pressure at the coldest pressure relief valves rated at 150 per-
temperature reasonably expected to be cent of the tank’s design pressure.
encountered. (7) Arrangement and location of pres-
(ii) Pressure relief devices must be ei- sure relief devices. (i) The discharge
ther spring-loaded pressure relief from any pressure relief system must
valves or frangible discs. Pressure re- be directed upward and be unob-
lief valves must be of a type that auto- structed to the outside of the protec-
matically open and close at predeter- tive housing in such a manner as to
mined pressures. prevent impingement of gas upon the
673
§ 173.318 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–11 Edition)
jacket or any structural part of the ve- of this subchapter), or 25 psig, which-
hicle. ever is less.
(ii) Each pressure relief valve must (10) Tank inlet, outlet, pressure relief
be arranged or protected to prevent the device and pressure control valve mark-
accumulation of foreign material be- ings. (i) Each tank inlet and outlet, ex-
tween the relief valve and the atmos- cept pressure relief devices and pres-
pheric discharge opening in any relief sure control valves, must be perma-
piping. The arrangement must not im- nently marked to indicate whether it
pede flow through the device. communicates with ‘‘vapor’’ or ‘‘liq-
(iii) Each pressure relief valve must uid’’ when the tank is filled to the
be designed and located to minimize maximum permitted filling density.
the possibility of tampering. If the (ii) Each pressure relief valve must
pressure setting or adjustment is exter- be plainly and permanently marked
nal to the valve, the valve adjustment with the pressure, in psig, at which it
must be sealed. is set-to-discharge, the discharge rate
(iv) Each pressure relief device must of the device in SCF per minute
have direct communication with the (SCFM) of free air, and the manufac-
vapor space of the tank at the turer’s name or trade name and catalog
midlength of the top centerline. number. The marked set-to-discharge
pressure valve must be visible with the
(v) Each pressure relief device must
valve in its installed position. The
be installed and located so that the
rated discharge capacity of the device
cooling effect of the contents during
must be determined at a pressure of 120
venting will not prevent the effective percent of the design pressure of the
operation of the device. tank.
(8) Connections. (i) Each connection (iii) Each pressure control valve must
to a pressure relief device must be of be plainly and permanently marked
sufficient size to allow the required with the pressure, in psig, at which it
rate of discharge through the pressure is set-to-discharge.
relief device. The inlet connection (c) Weight of lading requirements. The
must be not less than one-half inch weight of a cryogenic liquid in the
nominal pipe size. tank must be determined by weighing
(ii) A shut-off valve may be installed or by the use of a liquid level gauging
in a pressure relief system only when device authorized in § 178.338–14(a) of
the required relief capacity is provided this subchapter, and may not exceed
at all times. the lesser of:
(9) Pressure relief devices for piping (1) The weight of lading in the tank,
hose and vacuum-insulated jackets. (i) based on the water capacity stamped
Each portion of connected liquid piping on the nameplate (§ 178.338–18(a)(4) of
or hose that can be closed at both ends this subchapter) and the appropriate
must be provided with either a hydro- maximum permitted filling density
static pressure relief valve without an specified in paragraph (f) of this sec-
intervening shut-off valve, or a check tion; or
valve permitting flow from the pipe or (2) The maximum weight of lading for
hose into the tank. If used, the relief which the cargo tank was designed, as
valve must be located so as to prevent marked on the specification plate (see
its discharge from impinging on the § 178.338–18(b) of this subchapter).
tank, piping, or operating personnel. (d) Outage. Except for a cargo tank
(ii) On a vacuum-insulated cargo containing helium, cryogenic liquid, a
tank the jacket must be protected by a cargo tank offered for transportation
suitable relief device to release inter- must have an outage of at least two
nal pressure. The discharge area of this percent below the inlet of the pressure
device must be at least 0.00024 square relief device or pressure control valve,
inch per pound of water capacity of the under conditions of incipient opening,
tank. This relief device must function with the tank in a level attitude.
at a pressure not exceeding the inter- (e) Temperature. A flammable cryo-
nal design pressure of the jacket, cal- genic liquid in a cargo tank at the
culated in accordance with Section start of travel must be at a tempera-
VIII of the ASME Code (IBR, see § 171.7 ture sufficiently cold that the pressure
674
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin., DOT § 173.318
setting of the pressure control valve or (1) For purposes of this section, ‘‘fill-
the required pressure relief valve, ing density’’ is defined as the percent
whichever is lower, will not be reached ratio of the weight of lading in the
in less time than the marked rated tank to the weight of water that the
holding time for the cryogenic liquid tank will hold at the design service
(see paragraph (g)(3) of this section and temperature (one pound of water=27.737
§ 178.338–9(b) of this subchapter). cubic inches at 60 °F., or one gallon of
(f) Specification MC–338 (§ 178.338 of water = 231 cubic inches at 60 °F. and
this subchapter) cargo tanks are author- weighs 8.32828 pounds).
(2) Air, argon, helium, nitrogen, and ox-
ized for the shipment of the following
ygen, cryogenic liquids must be loaded
cryogenic liquids subject to the fol-
and shipped in accordance with the fol-
lowing additional requirements:
lowing table:
PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE SETTING OR RELIEF VALVE SETTING
Maximum set-to- Maximum permitted filling density (percent by weight)
discharge pressure
(psig) Air Argon Helium Nitrogen Oxygen
26 .......................... ............................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................

30 .......................... 80.3 ....................... 129 ........................ 12.5 ....................... 74 .......................... 105
40 .......................... 79.2 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................
50 .......................... 78.0 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................
55 .......................... 77.3 ....................... 125 ........................ 12.5 ....................... 71 .......................... 102
60 .......................... 76.9 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................
80 .......................... 75.3 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................
85 .......................... 75.1 ....................... 121 ........................ 12.5 ....................... ............................... 99
100 ........................ 73.0 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................
105 ........................ 73.7 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... 67 ..........................
120 ........................ 72.2 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................
140 ........................ 71.4 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................
145 ........................ 70.9 ....................... 115 ........................ 12.5 ....................... 64 .......................... 94
180 ........................ 68.3 ....................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................
200 ........................ 67.3 ....................... 110 ........................ 12.5 ....................... 61 .......................... 91
250 ........................ 63.3 ....................... 106 ........................ 12.5 ....................... 57 .......................... 87
275 ........................ 62.3 ....................... 105 ........................ 12.5 ....................... 56 .......................... 86
325 ........................ 59.4 ....................... 101 ........................ ............................... 53 .......................... 83
Design service tem- ¥320 °F ............... ¥320 °F ............... ¥452 °F ............... ¥320 °F ............... ¥320 °F
perature.
(3) Carbon monoxide, hydrogen (min- genic liquids must be loaded and shipped
imum 95 percent para-hydrogen), ethyl- in accordance with the following table:
ene, and methane or natural gas, cryo-
PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE SETTING OR RELIEF VALVE SETTING
Maximum permitted filling density (percent by weight)
Maximum set-to-dis-
charge pressure (psig) Carbon monoxide Ethylene Hydrogen Methane or natural gas
13 .................................. ...................................... ...................................... 6.6 ................................

15 .................................. 75.0 .............................. ...................................... 6.6 ................................ 40.5
17 .................................. 74.0 .............................. ...................................... 6.6 ................................
20 .................................. ...................................... 53.5 .............................. ...................................... 40.0
25 .................................. 73.0 .............................. ...................................... ......................................
30 .................................. 72.0 .............................. 52.7 .............................. 6.3 ................................ 39.1
35 .................................. ...................................... ...................................... ......................................
40 .................................. ...................................... 52.0 .............................. ...................................... 38.6
45 .................................. 71.5 .............................. ...................................... ......................................
50 .................................. ...................................... 51.4 .............................. 6.0 ................................ 38.2
55 .................................. ...................................... ...................................... ......................................
60 .................................. ...................................... 50.8 .............................. ......................................
70 .................................. ...................................... 50.2 .............................. 5.7 ................................ 37.5
90 .................................. ...................................... 49.2 .............................. ......................................
95 .................................. ...................................... ...................................... ......................................
100 ................................ ...................................... 48.4 .............................. 5.4 ................................ 36.6
115 ................................ ...................................... 48.2 .............................. ......................................
125 ................................ ...................................... ...................................... 5.0 ................................
675
§ 173.319 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–11 Edition)
PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE SETTING OR RELIEF VALVE SETTING—Continued

Maximum permitted filling density (percent by weight)
Maximum set-to-dis-
charge pressure (psig) Carbon monoxide Ethylene Hydrogen Methane or natural gas
150 ................................ ...................................... ...................................... 4.5 ................................

175 ................................ 62.5 .............................. 45.8 .............................. ......................................
285 ................................ 56.0 .............................. ...................................... ......................................
Design service tempera- ¥320 °F ...................... ¥155 °F ...................... ¥423 °F ...................... ¥260 °F
ture.
(4) Mixtures of cryogenic liquid. Where (ii) For a tank with an MRHT greater
charging requirements are not specifi- than 72 hours,
cally prescribed in this paragraph (f),
OWTT = MRHT ¥ 48
the cryogenic liquid must be shipped in
packagings and under conditions ap- (3) Each cargo tank motor vehicle
proved by the Associate Administrator. used to transport a flammable cryo-
(g) One-way travel time; marking. The genic liquid must be examined after
jacket of a cargo tank to be used to each shipment to determine its actual
transport a flammable cryogenic liquid holding time. The record required by
must be marked on its right side near § 177.840(h) of this subchapter may be
the front, in letters and numbers at used for this determination. If the ex-
least two inches high, ‘‘One-Way-Trav- amination indicates that the actual
el-Time ll hrs.’’, with the blank filled holding time of the cargo tank, after
in with a number indicating the one- adjustment to reflect an average ambi-
way travel time (OWTT), in hours, of ent temperature of 85 °F, is less than 90
the cargo tank for the flammable cryo- percent of the marked rated holding
genic liquid to be transported. A cargo time (MRHT) for the cryogenic liquid
tank that is partially unloaded at one marked on the specification plate or
or more locations must have additional adjacent thereto (see § 178.338–18(b) of
marking ‘‘One-Way-Travel-Time ll this subchapter), the tank may not be
hrs. ll psig to ll psig at ll per- refilled with any flammable cryogenic
cent filling density,’’ with the second liquid until it is restored to its marked
blank filled in with the pressure exist- rated holding time value or it is re-
ing after partial unloading and the marked with the actual marked rated
third blank filled in with the set-to-dis- holding time determined by this exam-
charge pressure of the control valve or ination. If the name of the flammable
pressure relief valve, and the fourth cryogenic liquid that was transported
blank with the filling density following and its marked rated holding time is
partial unloading. Multiple OWTT not displayed on or adjacent to the
markings for different pressure levels specification plate, this requirement
are permitted. The abbreviation may be met by deriving the MRHT of
‘‘OWTT’’ may be used in place of the the cargo tank for that flammable
words ‘‘One-way-travel-time’’ in the cryogenic liquid and comparing that
marking required by this paragraph. derived MRHT with the actual holding
(1) OWTT is based on the marked time after adjustment.
rated holding time (MRHT) of the
[Amdt. 173–166, 48 FR 27696, June 16, 1983]
cargo tank for the cryogenic liquid to
be transported in the cargo tank. If the EDITORIAL NOTE: For FEDERAL REGISTER ci-
MRHT for the flammable cryogenic liq- tations affecting § 173.318, see the List of CFR
Sections Affected which appears in the Find-
uid is not displayed on or adjacent to
ing Aids section of the printed volume and at
the specification plate, this MRHT may www.fdsys.gov.
be derived.
(2) The MRHT is converted to OWTT, § 173.319 Cryogenic liquids in tank
in hours, as follows: cars.
(i) For a tank with an MRHT of 72 (a) General requirements. (1) A tank
hours or less, car containing a flammable cryogenic
OWTT = (MRHT ¥ 24) / 2 liquid may not be shipped unless it was
676

49 CFR Ch. I (10-1-11 Edition) 173.318

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§ 173.318 49 CFR Ch.

Column 1 Column 2 (3) The jacket covering the insulation

26 .......................... ............................... ............................... 12.5 ....................... ...............................

13 .................................. ...................................... ...................................... 6.6 ................................

PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE SETTING OR RELIEF VALVE SETTING—Continued

150 ................................ ...................................... ...................................... 4.5 ................................

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