Let’s Review: Chapter 4

Gerunds/Infinitives
When do you use a
gerund or infinitive?
 Gerund

• subject
• object of the verb or preposition
• certain verbs
• certain nouns
 Infinitive

• after an adjective
• infinitive of purpose
• Verb + Object + Infinitive
• too and enough
• certain verbs
Chapter 5: Lesson 1

Causative Verb Patterns

Chapter 5: Lesson 1: Have, Let, Make, Help,
and Get, page 124
What do you notice that is different
from Chapter 4 about these verbs ?
I made him go home.
I let him go home.
I had him go home.
VERB + OBJECT + BASE
 What is the standard rule with the
infinitive from Chapter 4, page 102?
OV
Verb + Object + Infinitive
What formula do you see with the causative
verbs in Chapter 5, page 126?
OV
Verb + Object + Base/Infinitive
• These verbs are the exception.
• They are in a separate category because of
their meaning.
What is their meaning? They cause
someone or something to do something,
so they are called causative verbs.
make= to force/cause someone to do something
have=to require/ask someone to do something
let=to allow/permit someone to do something
help=to assist/guide/or aid someone to do
something
get=to convince/persuade someone to do
something
Chapter 5 focuses on these 5 causative verbs.
(exception to V + O + Infinitive)

The coach madeV his playersO runBase for 1

hour.
Non-Causative Verbs = V+ O + Infinitive
V O Inf
The coach forced his players to run for 1
hour.
V O Inf
The coach ordered his players to run for
1 hour.
Complete the sentences using the base or the
infinitive form of the verb.
A Rio de Janeiro federal court can get Neymar
________(pay) $52 million for tax fraud.
A Rio de Janeiro federal court can get Neymar to pay
$52 million for tax fraud.
Is can get a causative verb in this sentence?
Yes
A Rio de Janeiro federal court can getV NeymarOV to
infinitive
pay $52 million for tax fraud.
Ronaldo has his sister _____ (manage) his soccer
career.
Ronaldo hasV his sisterO managebase his soccer
career.
How many causative verbs are in this next
sentence?
Ronaldo has his sister help him manage his
soccer career.
2 causative verbs = has and help
caus V OV caus V OV Base
has his sister help him manage
 Are there
causatives/gerunds/infinitives?

Budweiser puppy
 Are there
causatives/gerunds/infinitives?

• Super Bowl puppy

 To Help You Remember: Only 3
causative verbs use the base form.
V + O + Base

My = make My = make
Left = let Last = let
Hand = have Hope = have