Determination Normal Reference Value

Conventional units SI units

Blood, Plasma or Serum
Ammonia (NH3) – diffusion 20-120 mcg/dl 12-70 mcmol/L
Ammonia Nitrogen 15-45 µg/dl 11-32 µmol/L
Amylase 35-118 IU/L 0.58-1.97 mckat/L
Anion gap (Na+-[Cl - + HCO3- ]) (P) 7-16 mEq/L 7-16 mmol/L
Antithrombin III (AT III) 80–120 U/dl 800–1200 U/L
Bicarbonate
Arterial 21–28 mEq/L 21–28 mmol/L
Venous 22–29 mEq/L 22–29 mmol/L
Bilirubin
Conjugated (direct) Total  0.2 mg/dl  4 mcmol/L
& &
0.1–1 mg/dl 2–18 mcmol/L
Calcitonin < 100 pg/ml < 100 ng/L
Calcium
Total 8.6–10.3 mg/dl 2.2–2.74 mmol/L
Ionized 4.4–5.1 mg/dl 1–1.3 mmol/L
Carbon dioxide content (plasma) 21–32 mmol/L 21–32 mmol/L
Carcinoembryonic antigen < 3 ng/ml < 3 mcg/L
Chloride 95–110 mEq/L 95–110 mmol/L
Coagulation screen
Bleeding time 3–9.5 min 180–570 sec
Prothrombin time 10–13 sec 10–13 sec
Partial thromboplastin time (activated) 22–37 sec 22–37 sec
Protein C 0.7–1.4 µ/ml 700–1400 U/ml
Protein S 0.7–1.4 µ/ml 700–1400 U/ml
Copper, total 70–160 mcg/dl 11–25 mcmol/L
Corticotropin (ACTH adrenocorticotropic < 60 pg/ml < 13.2 pmol/L
hormone) – 0800 hr
Cortisol
0800 hr 5–30 mcg/dl 138–810 nmol/L
1800 hr 2–15 mcg/dl 50–410 nmol/L
2000 hr  50% of 0800 hr  50% of 0800 hr
Creatine kinase
Female 20–170 IU/L 0.33–2.83 mckat/L
Male 30–220 IU/L 0.5–3.67 mckat/L
Creatinine kinase isoenzymes, MB fraction 0–12 IU/L 0–0.2 mckat/L
Creatinine 0.5–1.7 mg/dl 44–150 mcmol/L
Fibrinogen (coagulation factor I) 150–360 mg/dl 1.5–3.6 g/L
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Female 2–13 mlU/ml 2–13 IU/L
Midcycle 5–22 mlU/ml 5–22 IU/L
Male 1–8 mlU/ml 1–8 IU/L
Glucose, fasting 65–115 mg/dl 3.6–6.3 mmol/L
Glucose Tolerance Test (Oral)
(mg/dl) (mmol/L)
Normal Diabetic Normal Diabetic
Fasting 70–105 > 140 3.9–5.8 > 7.8
60 min 120–170  200 6.7–9.4  11.1
90 min 100–140  200 5.6–7.8  11.1
120 min 70–120  140 3.9–6.7  7.8
() – Glutamyltransferase (GGT)
Male 9–50 units/L 9–50 units/L
Female 8–40 units/L 8–40 units/L
Haptoglobin 44–303 mg/dl 0.44–3.03 g/L
Hematologic Tests
Fibrinogen 200–400 mg/dl 2–4 g/L
Hematocrit (Hct)
female 36%-44.6% 0.36–0.446 fraction
of 1
male 40.7%-50.3% 0.4–0.503 fraction of
1
Hemoglobin A 1C 5.3%-7.5% of total 0.053–0.075
Hgb
Hemoglobin (Hb)
female 12.1–15.3 g/dl 121–153 g/L
male 13.8–17.5 g/dl 138–175 g/L
Leukocyte count (WBC) 3800–9800/mcl 3.8–9.8 x 109/L
Erythrocyte count (RBC)
female 3.5–5 x 106/mcl 3.5–5 x 1012/L
male 4.3–5.9 x 106/mcl 4.3–5.9 x 1012/L
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 80–97.6 mcm3 80–97.6 fl
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) 27–33 pg/cell 1.66–2.09 fmol/cell
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrate 33–36 g/dl 20.3–22 mmol/L
(MCHC)
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (sedrate, ESR) 30 mm/hr 30 mm/hr
Erythrocyte enzymes
Glucose-6 – Pphosphate dehydrognase (G-6-PD) 250–5000 units/106 250–5000
cells mcunits/cell
Determination Reference Value
(Conventional units) (SI units)
Blood, Plasma or Serum:Ammonia 20–120 mcg/dl 12–70 mcmol/L
(NH3) – diffusion
Ammonia Nitrogen 15–45 µg/dl 11–32 µmol/L
Amylase 35–118 IU/L 0.58–1.97 mckat/L
Anion gap (Na+-[Cl - + HCO3-]) (P) 7–16 mEq/L 7–16 mmol/L
Antithrombin III (AT III) 80–120 U/dl 800–1200 U/L
Bicarbonate: Arterial 21–28 mEq/L 21–28 mmol/L22–29 mmol/L
Venous 22–29 mEq/L
Bilirubin: Conjugated (direct) Total  0.2 mg/dl  4 mcmol/L
(0.1–1 mg/dl) (2–18 mcmol/L)
Calcitonin < 100 pg/ml < 100 ng/L
Calcium: Total 8.6–10.3 mg/dl4.4–5.1 2.2–2.74 mmol/L1–1.3
Ionized mg/dl mmol/L
Carbon dioxide content (plasma) 21–32 mmol/L 21–32 mmol/L
Carcinoembryonic antigen < 3 ng/ml < 3 mcg/L
Chloride 95–110 mEq/L 95–110 mmol/L
Coagulation screen:Bleeding time 3–9.5 min10–13 sec 180–570 sec10–13 sec
Prothrombin time
22–37 sec 22–37 sec
Partial thromboplastin time (activated)
0.7–1.4 µ/ml 700–1400 U/ml
Protein C
0.7–1.4 µ/ml 700–1400 U/ml
Protein S
Copper, total 70–160 mcg/dl 11–25 mcmol/L
Corticotropin
(ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone) – < 60 pg/ml < 13.2 pmol/L
0800 hr
Cortisol: 0800 hr 5–30 mcg/dl 138–810 nmol/L50–410
1800 hr 2–15 mcg/dl 50% of nmol/L
2000 hr 0800 hr
  50% of 0800 hr
Creatine kinase: Female 20–170 IU/L30–220 0.33–2.83 mckat/L
Male IU/L 0.5–3.67 mckat/L
Creatinine kinase isoenzymes, MB
0–12 IU/L 0–0.2 mckat/L
fraction
Creatinine 0.5–1.7 mg/dl 44–150 mcmol/L
Fibrinogen (coagulation factor I) 150–360 mg/dl 1.5–3.6 g/L
Follicle-stimulating hormone 2–13 mlU/ml5–22 2–13 IU/L5–22 IU/L
(FSH):Female mlU/ml
1–8 mlU/ml 1–8 IU/L
Midcycle

Male
Glucose, fasting 65–115 mg/dl 3.6–6.3 mmol/L
Glucose Tolerance Test (Oral)Fasting (mg/dl) (mmol/L)
Normal Diabetic Normal Diabetic
60 min 70–105 > 140 3.9–5.8 > 7.8
90 min 120–170  200 6.7–9.4  11.1
100–140  200 5.6–7.8  11.1
120 min
70–120  140 3.9–6.7  7.8
() -Glutamyltransferase (GGT):Male 9–50 units/L 9–50 units/L8–40 units/L
8–40 units/L
Female
Haptoglobin 44–303 mg/dl 0.44–3.03 g/L
Reference Value
Determination
Conventional units SI units
Hematologic tests:Fibrinogen 200–400 mg/dl36%- 2–4 g/L0.36–0.446 fraction of
44.6% 1
Hematocrit (Hct),
female 40.7%-50.3% 0.4–0.503 fraction of 1

male 5.3%-7.5% of total Hgb 0.053–0.075

Hemoglobin A 1C 12.1–15.3 g/dl 121–153 g/L

Hemoglobin (Hb), 13.8–17.5 g/dl 138–175 g/L

female
3800–9800/mcl 3.8–9.8 x 109/L
male
3.5–5 x 106/mcl 3.5–5 x 1012/L
Leukocyte count (WBC)
Erythrocyte count (RBC): 4.3–5.9 x 106/mcl 4.3–5.9 x 1012/L
female
male 80–97.6 mcm3 80–97.6 fl

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 27–33 pg/cell 1.66–2.09 fmol/cell

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin 33–36 g/dl 20.3–22 mmol/L

(MCH)
30 mm/hr  30 mm/hr
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin

concentrate (MCHC)

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

(sedrate, ESR)
Erythrocyte enzymes:Glucose-6 - 250–5000 units/106 250–5000 mcunits/cell23–862
Pphosphate dehydrognase cells10–383 ng/ml pmol/L

(G-6-PD) >3.1–12.4 ng/ml 7–28.1 nmol/L

Ferritin 150–450 x 103/mcl 150–450 x 109/L

Folic acid: normal 0.5%-1.5% of 0.005–0.015

erythrocytes
Platelet count 165–835 pmol/L
223–1132 pg/ml
Reticulocytes

Vitamin B12
Iron: Female 30–160 mcg/dl45–160 5.4–31.3 mcmol/L8.1–31.3
Male mcg/dl mcmol/L
Iron binding capacity 220–420 mcg/dl 39.4–75.2 mcmol/L
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1.2–7 units/L 1.2–7 units/L
IsoenzymesFraction 1 14%-26% of total29%- 0.14–0.26 fraction of
39% of total total0.29–0.39 fraction of total
Fraction 2 0.20–0.26 fraction of total
20%-26% of total
Fraction 3 0.08–0.16 fraction of total
8%-16% of total
Fraction 4 0.06–0.16 fraction of total
6%-16% of total
Fraction 5
Lactate dehydrogenase 100–250 IU/L 1.67–4.17 mckat/L
Lactic acid (lactate) 6–19 mg/dl 0.7–2.1 mmol/L
Lead  50 mcg/dl  2.41 mcmol/L
Lipase 10–150 units/L 10–150 units/L
Lipids:Total Cholesterol < 200 mg/dl200–239 < 5.2 mmol/L< 5.2–6.2
mg/dl mmol/L
Desirable
> 239 mg/dl > 6.2 mmol/L
Borderline-high
< 130 mg/dl < 3.36 mmol/L
High
130–159 mg/dl 3.36–4.11 mmol/L
LDL
> 159 mg/dl > 4.11 mmol/L
Desirable
< 35 mg/dl < 0.91 mmol/L
Borderline-high
< 200 mg/dl < 2.26 mmol/L
High
200–400 mg/dl 2.26–4.52 mmol/L
HDL (low)
400–1000 mg/dl 4.52–11.3 mmol/L
Triglycerides
> 1000 mg/dl > 11.3 mmol/L
Desirable

Borderline-high

High

Very high
Magnesium 1.3–2.2 mEq/L 0.65–1.1 mmol/L
Osmolality 280–300 mOsm/kg 280–300 mmol/kg
Oxygen saturation (arterial) 94%-100% 0.94 – fraction of 1
PCO2, arterial 35–45 mm Hg 4.7–6 kPa
pH, arterial 7.35–7.45 7.35–7.45
Reference Value
Determination
Conventional units SI units
PO, arterial: Breathing room airOn 80–105 mm Hg> 500 10.6–14 kPa
100% O mm Hg
Phosphatase (acid), total at 37°C 0.13–0.63 IU/L 2.2–10.5 IU/L or2.2–10.5
mckat/L
Phosphatase alkaline 20–130 IU/L 20–130 IU/L or0.33–2.17
mckat/L
Phosphorus, inorganic, (phosphate) 2.5–5 mg/dl 0.8–1.6 mmol/L
Potassium 3.5–5 mEq/L 3.5–5 mmol/L
ProgesteroneFemale 0.1–1.5 ng/ml0.1–1.5 0.32–4.8 nmol/L0.32–4.8
ng/ml nmol/L
 2.5–28 ng/ml
Follicular phase 8–89 nmol/L
< 0.5 ng/ml
Luteal phase < 1.6 nmol/L

Male
Prolactin 1.4–24.2 ng/ml 1.4–24.2 mcg/L
Prostate specific antigenProtein: Total 0–4 ng/ml6–8 g/dl 0–4 ng/ml
Albumin 60–80 g/L36–50 g/L
3.6–5 g/dl
Globulin 23–35 g/L
2.3–3.5 g/dl
Rheumatoid factor < 60 IU/ml < 60 kIU/L
Sodium 135–147 mEq/L 135–147 mmol/L
Testosterone: 6–86 ng/dl270–1070 0.21–3 nmol/L9.3–37 nmol/L
FemaleMale ng/dl
Thyroid Hormone Function 0.35–6.2 mcU/ml10–26 0.35–6.2 mU/L100–260
Tests:Thyroid-stimulating hormone mcg/dl mcg/L
(TSH)
75–220 ng/dl 1.2–3.4 nmol/L
Thyroxine-binding globulin capacity
4–11 mcg/dl 51–142 nmol/L
Total triiodothyronine (T3) 25%-38%
0.25–0.38 fraction of 1
Total thyroxine by RIA (T4)
T3 resin uptake
Transaminase, AST (aspartate 11–47 IU/L 0.18–0.78 mckat/L
aminotransferase, SGOT)
Transaminase, ALT (alanine 7–53 IU/L 0.12–0.88 mckat/L
aminotransferase, SGPT)
Transferrin 220–400 mg/dL 2.20–4.00 g/L
Urea nitrogen (BUN) 8–25 mg/dl 2.9–8.9 mmol/L
Uric acid 3–8 mg/dl 179–476 mcmol/L
Vitamin A (retinol) 15–60 mcg/dl 0.52–2.09 mcmol/L
Zinc 50–150 mcg/dl 7.7–23 mcmol/L

1
Tergantung pada usia
2
Bayi dan anak sampai 104 U/L
3
Bayi usia 1 tahun sampai 6 mg/dl

Urine
Reference Value
Determination
Conventional units SI units
Calcium 50–250 mcg/day 1.25–6.25 mmol/day
Catecholamines:Epinephrine < 20 mcg/day< 100 mcg/day < 109 nmol/day< 590 nmol/day

Norepinephrine
Catecholamines, 24-hr < 110 µg < 650 nmol
Copper 15–60 mcg/day 0.24–0.95 mcmol/day
Creatinine:Child 8–22 mg/kg8–30 mg/kg 71–195 µmol/kg
71–265 µmol/kg5.3–13.3 mmol/day
Adolescent 0.6–1.5 g/day
7.1–15.9 mmol/day
Female 0.8–1.8 g/day
Male
pH 4.5–8 4.5–8
Phosphate 0.9–1.3 g/day 29–42 mmol/day
Potassium 25–100 mEq/day 25–100 mmol/day
ProteinTotal 1–14 mg/dL50–80 mg/day 10–140 mg/L50–80 mg/day

At rest
Protein, quantitative < 150 mg/day < 0.15 g/day
Sodium 100–250 mEq/day 100–250 mmol/day
Specific gravity, random 1.002–1.030 1.002–1.030
Uric acid, 24-hr 250–750 mg 1.48–4.43 mmol

1
Tergantung pada diet.

Drug Levels*
Reference Value
Drug Determination
Conventional units SI units
Aminoglycoside Amikacin(trough)
s 1–8 mcg/ml1.7–13.7 20–30 mcg/ml
(peak) mcmol/L 34–51 mcmol/L
Gentamicin(trough)
1–4.2 mcmol/L12.5–20.9
(peak) 0.5–2 mcg/ml6–10 mcg/ml mcmol/L
Kanamycin(trough)
5–10 mcg/ml
(peak) 20–25 mcg/ml ndnd
Netilimicin(trough)
0.5–2 mcg/ml
(peak) 6–10 mcg/ml ndnd
Streptomycin(trough)
< 5 mcg/ml
(peak) 5–20 mcg/ml ndnd
Tobramycin(trough) 0.5–2 mcg/ml 1.1–4.3 mcmol/L12.8–21.8
5–20 mcg/ml mcmol/L
 (peak)
Reference Value
Drug Determination
Conventional units SI units
Amiodarone 0.5–2.5 mcg/ml 1.5–4 mcmol/L
Bretylium 0.5–1.5 mcg/ml nd
Digitoxin 9–25 mcg/L 11.8–32.8 nmol/L
Digoxin 0.8–2 ng/ml 0.9–2.5 nmol/L
Disopyramide 2–8 mcg/ml 6–18 mcmol/L
Flecainide 0.2–1 mcg/ml nd
Antiarrhythmics Lidocaine 1.5–6 mcg/ml 4.5–21.5 mcmol/L
Mexiletine 0.5–2 mcg/ml nd
Procainamide 4–8 mcg/ml 17–34 mcmol/ml
Propranolol 50–200 ng/ml 190–770 nmol/L
Quinidine 2–6 mcg/ml 4.6–9.2 mcmol/L
Tocainide 4–10 mcg/ml nd
Verapamil 0.08–0.3 mcg/ml nd
Carbamazepine 4–12 mcg/ml 17–51 mcmol/L
Phenobarbital 10–40 mcg/ml 43–172 mcmol/L
Anticonvulsants Phenytoin 10–20 mcg/ml 40–80 mcmol/L
Primidone 4–12 mcg/ml 18–55 mcmol/L
Valproic Acid 40–100 mcg/ml 280–700 mcmol/L
Amitriptyline 110–250 ng/ml 500–900 nmol/L
Amoxapine 200–500 ng/ml nd
Bupropion 25–100 ng/ml nd
Clomipramine 80–100 ng/ml nd
Desipramine 115–300 ng/ml nd
Antidepressants Doxepin 110–250 ng/ml nd
Imipramine 225–350 ng/ml nd
Maprotiline 200–300 ng/ml nd
Nortriptyline 50–150 ng/ml nd
Protriptyline 70–250 ng/ml nd
Trazodone 800–1600 ng/ml nd
Chlorpromazine 50–300 ng/ml 150–950 nmol/L
Fluphenazine 0.13–2.8 ng/ml nd
Antipsychotics Haloperidol 5–20 ng/ml nd
Perphenazine 0.8–1.2 ng/ml nd
Thiothixene 2–57 ng/ml nd
Reference Value
Drug Determination
Conventional units SI units
Miscellaneous AmantadineAmrinon 300 ng/ml3.7 mcg/ml ndnd
e
Chloramphenicol 10–20 mcg/ml 31–62 mcmol/L
Cyclosporine 250–800 ng/ml(whole ndnd
 blood, RIA)
50–300 ng/ml (plasma,
RIA)
Ethanol 0 mg/dl 0 mmol/L
Hydralazine 100 ng/ml nd
Lithium 0.6–1.2 mEq/L 0.6–1.2 mmol/L
Salicylate 100–300 mg/L 724–2172 mcmol/L
Sulfonamide 5–15 mg/dl nd
Terbutaline 0.5–4.1 ng/ml nd
Theophylline 10–20 mcg/ml 55–110 mcmol/L
Vancomycin(trough)
5–15 ng/ml
(peak) 20–40 mcg/ml ndnd

* Nilai yang diberikan secara umum dapat digunakan untuk terapi tanpa terjadi efek toksik pada
kebanyakan pasien, Namun pengecualian juga tidak jarang terjadi.
1
nd = data tidak tersedia.
2
Metabolit N-desmethyl beserta turunannya.
3
Nilai 24 jam.
4
Toksik: 50–100 mg/dl (10.9–21.7 mmol/L).

Diambil dari The Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and
Treatment of High Blood Pressure, National Institutes of Health.

Classification of Blood Pressure *

Reference value
Category
Systolic (mm Hg) Diastolic (mm Hg)
Optimal < 120 and < 80
Normal < 130 and < 85
High-normal 130–139 or 85–89
HypertensionStage 1 140–159 oror 90–99
160–179 180 100–109 110
Stage 2 or

Stage 3

* Untuk dewasa berusia 18 atau lebih yang tidak dalam pengobatan anti hipertensi dan tidak
dalam kondisi akut. Ketika tekanan sistole dan diastole masuk ke dalam kategori lain, maka
kategori di atasnya harus dipilih untuk menentukan klasifikasi status tekanan darah penderita.
Sebagai tambahan dalam menentukan stadium hipertensi, seorang praktisi medis harus
menentukan ada atau tidaknya penyakit pada target organ serta faktor resiko lainnya.
1
Tekanan darah yang optimal terhadap resiko kardiovaskular adalah dibawah 120/88 m Hg.
Namun demikian, nilai rendah yang tidak wajar harus dievaluasi untuk menemukan kelainan
klinis yang signifikan.
2
Berdasarkan atas pembacaan sebanyak 2 kali atau lebih pada pemeriksaan awal.