Td Reith geen, Lehn 3 chek Sonal For MSe. Phypsies COUWAMCT sy ae Conduchers, ¢, Enevgy Bond Theory. O v Insulators. : : ly Tw tev 6} Their electrical propetiea materi can be clasitiod clo Alice + Couduickars , feuriconducers ty Uuulatos, On Ihc banis 4 bod Vewvy ra polids , the Aisticton letueen wmeolels ) Dewi vowcLuchors wo trsulatoys caw be explained. Frest , Ur nhould be em plarsiged What eunphy emery laands , wll co wot cortain eleclvors , do ve coulrilacte to the Cedrical conducting oh aw amok eviodl 5 when -0, atthough complak olny filled bands con Tain electyrau, 4 do vat coutibule te The electrical cordunclivifey , Pivce the cayviers ! ane wunroldle te oe emerapy (eion OMe eheckeuie pits is oppliod ) duo te the Fok that oll Ihe nergy levels ove occubied . In compavison, The portiobhy Lilled Vande covtain lott te eleclrous — amd weouupied energy fovels at higher eneveyien Ane latter allow carviers te ge | emery in The prerence. of an applied ie; DO oe Poppies Lecture Gots, ond hur, carvitys iw patialls filled baud can covtrilade te the clecdueal om— duclivihy cf the amaterial In We cose Ff metals, The elecbyowic band sbructure Persdhs in imenmmphele Jilling Oh. The laigheat ocepied emeray band. Sf an eckvew aqyriver ace additisuol emeray from om external powree , cc (oaver the valence pel omd Leanwes a free elodvonr ond exists in what is Know ay The conduc bomd. The dileranee tw the en betueeu The valence band and the conducliow bond is called the Omeray 9p: aia The own 6 energy Mat a valoud eledwor must laws ix order te jump from The valone bond Te the conduction - bod. Once Ue the corducion band tle eden is froe to move 1 hout the material ond is mst tied te omy qe oben, \SG Bank Ueckyeniey : Pest 8 For Mge, Plynieo Lechuve 1 Plows enero diagrams The Tae Lypes oy materials AEnereny Frewry gap WILDL ° ° ° *) Dasulatioy b) Semiconductor ¢) Conductor J ingyamn The Three Nokice ju pot (a) that WWanlotors hove a Ver, wide en rp. Valence ectrors Cannot Aump inte dhe conduction leand except Under larealedone condi Tews Whive Sxctremely high villages ove abblied acer Ihe makevial. Iu Fig. 4 le) | note tua Pemicouduchrs lave o mruch narrower Cnerrans, rp hs re permits pewe Vebence Chedvows ts jump Unto The conduction band ond become free eleckvous, tke energy bow | Ww conductors overlap henw there ave Large | wanber of Ler eloctvors. te)—— &) Basie Clecwom® | ¢ §2.3 Silicon Crystals. ® ee tse. Payoica (Secture 2 = When siliem ohms Combine te form soli , Tay OY aver Ahemsdlves its on ovdevilgy pattern | coed crystal. Eack pilicon atom 2hower as | cledvewr unth four Neighleouring oko Uw i DUR OH wary 0 G have eight eledroun ~ “ds voblown oveit . Fr \wskownce , Fig Dhows. ao central akon with Sour Meigs s- 9 it @ =9 x2@ MI ® GiCandet bond \ } Fig A '0) Mom in cnyskal eer | $6 Four neiibews, 83 Covalent Bond, Each biqhbauring adam. sheved an leckrow with The coutral ateun. In ts org tke control alan has fone oditiowal eleckrons, qiing Lt atotal rae ight eedvons, Wn the volleree orbit, the elechrms wo beuger belay te amy pine atom ,Ae ; (%) Banie. Blectwonies For MSc, Plpies Leckuve 2, ‘Us neigvlours showe eleclwour . the pome tdoa v's true for Sh Endy central odim amd Wr cthey pilicon alow, In olher words every) akow Wwatde ov bien eryotal hos four { { mergtlon S . { Sivmce each nhored elecdvor m Fre Vs lating. pulled la Sbpese dive, Tee eecwens become o leomd leetween The eve coven This Hype of chemical lewd ss cabled & covalent bok. $§ Volonco Sollurchion . Each otom in asilion cnplel aa afk eledivons in > valence ork. Theoe erat ehedyory prodice a chenical Sail Mek “alt iw a bid pisce 4 whee amakeriol . Whew the valence ovlet Vor eight ledvous WL Is actuvoted loecawe ee ee Sit We They ove, Stated ona law: Volence saluvelion : ne 8 Sw othey wordy, The valowce ovbit can val wo eve Than eight elechyors, | A silicon Crepe ob is perjack iulatsy ot abet a5t. iie RleDwowiey 86. Heder Pe age Peion Leche & The ambiewl tomberalure is he temperoluve Sh Te purvounding air, When The ambient temperature i's cloove aberolite Gere, the book meray Un the ov caurer The akows in tho Aion emptal te vibyale Ake rahe Ave owmlhetent tempewoluve , he alrouger The amechounical Wibyoliowy laecome. Ow Pilicow ewpplal The VilovoTeuy 4 The ottwur con occasionally disledoe aw Nedvow jroo Ake valonrce ovbib . Wher thy happens /TRE prrheared elecCyer ous Sacugh emergy te qo inte Vanaer ovlails Se, “as larger ove , Tha Llodyen ts ov free leLyon. the depowbuve SL The eleDyonw creole, a vacawce called o Mohe. thig noe Latheava, Vike ov pesihive becaunre Ale fess of The Medvour produces a positive ion, we Vole unill oben and cable Cay cledvon WW Abe tome diode, Vicivibip The txiskomce, of holley is The evificall AilPevence ekWeen corduckys and Atudiconductoys, To Uwevenne The number 64 Lule, tre cuptoll Ig doped -@) Basie Eleclyow | _ecluye 2 j 8 Recortisinalion {y feline , For MSc, Ployrita Mn pare silicon crypto Thermal Concer Creoles on 2ayoll number gy free AleLyoms omd brolos. The Pree cleclkyewy move vandorks Anraushouk Te cvyatal. Occasionally » 0 free electyon will orppreads a hole, fob ts attradon omd fall inte Fig Min ledtm—hole pair b) Recombinalion y ° fe conve Ae Recombination 1's The merging ofafree electron omd a Moles shown in Fig Bu Ub) | Te own sy Tone betwee the evedlion owe disappearance 4 a free eleLren is called Tre Life Time. Ik vartes from o fom mamnreconds te several anicvo— prconrs. depend img ow love povfack Te cv Is omd athey Sachors,. lecFoowit, Prin & ° ay wo bts naw” O Leche I gra De Resistance 6], a. desde: 9} we toute. the / du Ae tre Solel diode vollage t ty tote duvde cewe. wt Wwe ae re de prarislance | tho dtode. In I : cH | divedien , Tuy dc nosishance 1 5 prpadonbeaed 4 Re; Vn PIN ASL drelenr tb 15 Re. Foruond Resitonce .. 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The point cf inlerse Dion, Knorr a5 Ane Q pint napreae dy DR Plmrullentens pluton lohan The dirde core omd TH Leal Vine. a otter Loss The Opoint is the oly pow on te ae Bh Tk urerks pr bod The diode (Ate civenit. By Aeading Te coordi jhe Apeint 5 We Hb a cuout EL 12-5 mA K odiede voll 4 0.15 V, In Ake Plott discussie n Als an abbreviation Ary apieseent , lve l means ‘cot rest! Nel Tht The equoilion py bend Line 5 Ty =U, Vy IS Hh tote fg amare (Meg. g shaue lid oe