INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - GRADE 10

Fundamentals of hardware and software

Introduction to computer systems
LESSON 2 - Types of computer
Computers come in different forms, depending on their use and function.

There are four types of computer:

 Supercomputer
 Mainframe and minicomputer
 Microcomputer
 Microprocessor

Supercomputers

 The most powerful kind of computer

 They are expensive

 They can carry out very complex calculations at extremely high speeds

o A typical supercomputer can process trillions of instructions per second.

 Supercomputers are very large and are typically used for simulations and scientific
research.

o For example, a space exploration company may use supercomputers to create

simulators for astronauts to practise in.

Mainframes and minis

 Often called servers

 They are fast and can do complex calculations

 They are designed to be used in large organisations by hundreds of users at a time

o A large bank may use a mainframe so that all its employees can be logged into the
system at the same time.

 A minicomputer is very similar to a mainframe but slightly smaller and slower.

Microcomputers

Personal Computer (PC)

 They can be desktops or laptops

o Desktops sit on a desk and laptops are portable

Microprocessors

A microprocessor is the smallest kind of computer. A small chip performs all the functions of a
CPU. A microprocessor is not very powerful or fast, but it is useful for small devices that
perform simple functions. A microwave oven has a microprocessor that allows you to program
the cooking time.