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ÑããèØã¥ãñÍãã¾ã ¶ã½ã:ý
‚ã㦽ãÀî¹ã Øã¥ãñÍãì ‡ãñŠãä˾ãã Ô½ãÀ¥ã ý Ôã‡ãŠß ãäÌ㪿ããâÞãñâ ‚ããä£ã‡ãŠÀ¥ã ý ¦ãñãäÞã Ìãâªâî ÑããèÞãÀ¥ã ý ÑããèØãìÀìÞãñ ýý1ýý •ã¾ããâÞãñãä¶ã ‚ããŸÌãñâ ý
Í㺪ÔãðãäÓ› (ÌããÞããºãß, ‡ãŠãäÌã¦ããÍããä§ãŠ) ‚ããâØãÌãñ ý ÔããÀÔÌã¦ã ‚ããÜãÌãñâý ãä•ãÌÖñãäÔã ¾ãñ ýý2ýý Ìã‡ã¦ãð¦Ìãã Øããñ¡¹ã¥ãñâ ý ‚ã½ãð¦ãã¦ãñâ ¹ããÀìŒãñâ ½Ö¥ãñ ý ÀÔã
Öãñ¦ããè ÌããñßØã¥ãñâ ý ‚ãàãÀãâÔããèâ ýý3ýý ¼ããÌããÞãñâ ‚ãÌã¦ãÀ¥ã ý ‚ãÌã¦ãÀãäÌã¦ããè Œãî¥ã ý Öã¦ãã Þã¤ñ Ôãâ¹ãî¥ãà ý ¦ã§Ìã¼ãñª ýý4ýý ÑããèØãìÀîÞãñ ¹ãã¾ã ý •ãõâ
ת¾ã ãäØãâÌãÔãîãä¶ã Ÿã¾ã ý ¦ãõâ ¾ãñÌã¤ñâ ¼ããؾã Öãñ¾ã ý „¶½ãñŒããÔããè (ãäÌãÞããÀãËã, —ãã¶ããËã) ýý5ýý ¦ãñ ¶ã½ãÔ‡ãŠãÀîãä¶ã ‚ãã¦ããâ ý •ããñ ãä¹ã¦ãã½ãÖãÞãã ãä¹ã¦ãã
ý Êãà½ããè¾ãñÞãã ¼ã¦ããà ý †ñÔãñ ½Ö¥ãñ ýý6ýý
Ñããè¼ãØãÌãã¶ãìÌããÞã : ƒªâ ÍãÀãèÀâ ‡ãŠãõ¶¦ãñ¾ã àãñ¨ããä½ã¦¾ããä¼ã£ããè¾ã¦ãñ ý †¦ãª¿ããñ Ìãñãä§ã ¦ãâ ¹ãÆãÖì: àãñ¨ã—ã ƒãä¦ã ¦ããä̪ª: ýý1ýý
¦ãÀãè ¹ãã©ããà ¹ããäÀãäÔã•ãñ ý ªñÖ Öñâ àãñ¨ã ½Öãä¥ã•ãñ ý •ããñ Öñâ •ãã¥ãñ ¦ããñ ºããñãäÊã•ãñ ý àãñ¨ã—ãì (àãñ¨ããÊãã •ãã¥ã¥ããÀã, •ããèÌãã) †©ãñâ ýý7ýý
àãñ¨ã—ãâ Þãããä¹ã ½ããâ ãäÌãã䣪 ÔãÌãÃàãñ¨ãñÓãì ¼ããÀ¦ã ý àãñ¨ãàãñ¨ã—ã¾ããñ—ããöãâ ¾ã§ã•—ãã¶ãâ ½ã¦ãâ ½ã½ãýý2ýý
¦ããäÀ àãñ¨ã—ãì •ããñ †©ãñâ ý ¦ããñ ½ããèãäÞã •ãã¥ã ãä¶ãÀì¦ãñâ (ŒãÀñâ) ý •ããñ ÔãÌãà àãñ¨ããâ¦ãñâ ý ÔãâØããñ¹ããñãä¶ã ‚ãÔãñ ýý8ýý àãñ¨ã ‚ãããä¥ã àãñ¨ã—ãã¦ãñâ ý •ãã¥ã¥ãñâ •ãñâ
ãä¶ãÀì¦ãñâ ý —ãã¶ã †ñÔãñâ ¦ã¾ãã¦ãñâ ý ½ãã¶ãâî ‚ãã½Öãè ýý9ýý
¦ã¦ãá àãñ¨ãâ ¾ãÞÞã ¾ããªð‡ãአÞã ¾ããä̪‡ãŠããäÀ ¾ã¦ãÍÞã ¾ã¦ãá ý Ôã Þã ¾ããñ ¾ã¦¹ãƼããÌãÍÞã ¦ã¦ãá Ôã½ããÔãñ¶ã ½ãñ Íãð¥ãì ýý3ýý
¦ããäÀ àãñ¨ã ¾ãñ¥ãñâ ¶ããâÌãñâ ý Öñâ ÍãÀãèÀ •ãñ¥ãñâ ¼ããÌãñâ (‚ããä¼ã¹ãÆã¾ãã¶ãñâ) ý ½Öãä¥ã¦ãËñâ ¦ãñâ ‚ããÜãÌãñâ ý ÔããâØããñâ ‚ãã¦ããâ ýý10ýý Öñâ àãñ¨ã ‡ãŠãâ ½Öãä¥ã•ãñ?ý ‡ãõŠÔãñâ
‡ãñ⊠Öñâ „¹ã•ãñ?ý ‡ãŠÌã¥ã‡ãŠÌã¥ããèâ Ìãã¤ãäÌã•ãñ?ý ãäÌã‡ãŠãÀãèâ †©ã ýý11ýý Öñâ ‚ããõ› Öã¦ã ½ããñ›‡ãñâŠ?ý ‡ãŠãèâ ‡ãñŠÌã¤ñâ ¹ããâ ‡ãñŠ¦ãì‡ãñâŠ?ý ºãÀ¡ (¶ãããä¹ã‡ãŠ •ã½ããè¶ã)
‡ãŠãèâ ãä¹ã‡ãñŠ?ý ‡ãŠãñ¥ããÞãñâ Öñâ?ýý12ýý ƒ¦¾ãããäª ÔãÌãà ý •ãñ •ãñ ¾ããÞãñ ¼ããÌã ý ¦ãñ ºããñãäÊã•ã¦ããè ÔããÌãñÌã (ÔããäÌãÔ¦ãÀ) ý ‚ãÌã£ãã¶ã ªñƒÃâ ýý13ýý ¹ãõâ ¾ãããäÞã
Ô©ãßã‡ãŠãÀ¥ãñâ ý Ñãìãä¦ã Ôãªã ºããñºãã¥ãñ ý ¦ã‡ãÃìŠ ¾ãñ¥ãñâãäÞã Ÿãè ‡ãŠÀ¥ãñâ ý ¦ããñâ¡ãßì ‡ãñŠËã ýý14ýý Þãããäߦããâ ÖñãäÞã ºããñÊããè ý ªÍãöãñâ ÍãñÌã›ã ‚ããËãèâ ý
Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã 13Ìãã àãñ¨ãàãñ¨ã—ã¾ããñØã (¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ã¹ãìÀìÓããäÌãÌãñ‡ãŠ¾ããñØã) 1
¦ãñÌããèâãäÞã ¶ããÖãèâ ºãì¢ããäÌãËãèâ ý ‚ã¢ãì¶ããè ̪â̪ñâ ýý15ýý ÍããÔ¨ããâãäÞã¾ãñ Ôããñ¾ããäÀ‡ãñŠ ý ãäÌãÞããäß•ãñ ¾ãñ¥ãñâãäÞã †‡ãñ⊠ý ¾ããÞãñãä¶ã †‡ãŠÌãâ‡ãñŠ (†ñ‡ã¾ã Ô©ãã¹ã¶ã
‡ãŠÀ¥¾ãã‡ãŠãäÀ¦ããâ) ý •ãØãããäÔã Ìããªì ýý16ýý ¦ããñâ¡ñâÔããè ¦ããñâ¡ã ¶ã ¹ã¡ñ ý ºããñËã ºããñËñâÔããè ¶ã Üã¡ñ ý ƒ¾ãã ¾ãìãä§ãŠ ºã¡ºã¡ñâ ý ¨ãã¾ã •ããÖËãè ýý17ýý
¶ãñ¥ããñâ ‡ãŠãñ¥ããÞãñâ Ô©ãß ý ‚ãÔãñ ýý18ýý ¶ãããäÔ¦ã‡ãŠã ª¿ããÌã¾ãã ¦ããñâ¡ ý ÌãñªãâÞãñâ Øãã¤ñâ ºãâ¡ ý ¦ãñâ ªñŒããñãä¶ã ¹ããŒããâ¡ ý ‚ãã¶ããäÞã Ìãã•ãñ ýý19ýý
½Ö¥ã¦ããè ¦ãì½Öãè ãä¶ã½ãîÃß ý Ëã䛇ãñ⊠Öñâ ÌããØ•ããß ý ¶ãã ½Ö¥ãÔããè ¦ãÀãè ¹ããñ¹ãŠß (¹ãÆãä¦ã—ãã, Ôãì¹ããÀãè) ý Üãã¦ãËñâ ‚ããÖñ ýý20ýý ¹ããŒããâ¡ãÞãñ ‡ãŠ¡ñ ý
¶ããØãÌããèâ ËâìãäÞã¦ããè ½ãìâ¡ñ ý ãä¶ã¾ããñãä•ãËãèâ ãäÌã¦ãâ¡ñâ ý ¦ããßããäÔã ¾ãñ¦ããè ýý21ýý ½ãð¦¾ãìºãßãÞãñãä¶ã ½ãã•ãñâ ý Öñâ •ããƒÃÊã Ìããè¥ã ‡ãŠã•ãñâ ý ¦ãñâ ªñŒããñãä¶ã¾ããâ
̾ãã•ãñâ ý ãä¶ãÜããËñ ¾ããñØããè ýý22ýý ½ãð¦¾ãîãä¶ã ‚ãã£ãããä£ãËñ ý ãä¦ãÖãèâ ãä¶ãÀâ•ã¶ã ÔãñãäÌãËñâ ý ¾ã½ããä¶ã¾ãª½ããâÞãñ ‡ãñŠËñ ý ½ãñßãÌãñ ¹ãìÀñ ýý23ýý ¾ãñ¥ãñâãäÞã
àãñ¨ãããä¼ã½ãã¶ãñâ ý À㕾㠦¾ããä•ãËñâ ƒÃÍãã¶ãñâ ý Øãìâãä¦ã •ãã¥ããñãä¶ã Ô½ãÍãã¶ãñâ ý ÌããÔãì ‡ãñŠËã ýý24ýý †ñãäÔã¾ãã ¹ãõ•ãã ½ãÖñÍãã ý ¹ããâÜãìÀ¥ãñâ ªãÖãè
ãäªÍãã ý ËãâÞã‡ãŠÀì (ÊããâÞã ªñ¥ããÀã) ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ‡ãŠãñßÔãã ý ‡ãŠã½ãì ‡ãñŠËã ýý25ýý ¹ãõâ Ô㦾ãËãñ‡ãŠ¶ãã©ãã ý Ì㪶ãñâ ‚ããËãèâ ºãßã©ããà ý ¦ããäÀ ¦ããñ
ÔãÌãéãã ý •ãã¥ãñãäÞã¶ãã ýý26ýý
¨ãÉãäÓããä¼ãºãÃÖì£ãã Øããè¦ãâ œ¶ªãñãä¼ããäÌãÃãäÌã£ãõ: ¹ãð©ã‡ãአý ºãƽÖÔãî¨ã¹ãªõÍÞãõÌã Öñ¦ãì½ãªáãä¼ããäÌãÃãä¶ããäÍÞã¦ãõ: ýý4ýý
†‡ãŠ ½Ö¥ã¦ããè Öñâ Ô©ãß ý •ããèÌããÞãñâãäÞã Ôã½ãîß ý ½ãØã ¹ãÆã¥ã Öñâ ‡ãîŠß ý ¦ã¾ããÞãñâ †©ã ýý27ýý •ã¾ãã ¹ãÆã¥ããÞãñ ÜãÀãèâ ý ‚ãâØãñâ Àãºã¦ããè ¼ãã… (‚ã¹ãã¶ã,
̾ãã¶ã, „ªã¶ã, Ôã½ãã¶ã) ÞããÀãè ý ‚ãããä¥ã ½ã¶ãã †ñÔãã ‚ããÌãÀãè ý ‡ãìŠßÌãã¡ãè‡ãŠÀì ýý28ýý ¦ã¾ãã¦ãñâ ƒâãäªÆ¾ãºãõËãâÞããè ¹ãñ›ãè ý ¶ã ½Ö¥ãñ ‚ãâÌãÔããèâ ¹ããÖã›ãèâ ý
ãäÌãÓã¾ãàãñ¨ããèâ ‚ãã›ãè ý ‡ãŠã¤ãè ¼ãËãè ýý29ýý ½ãØã ãäÌã£ããèÞããè Ìãã¹ãŠ Þãì‡ãŠÌããè ý ‚ãããä¥ã ‚㶾ãã¾ããÞãñ ºããè•ã Ìãã¹ãŠÌããè (¹ãñÀãè, Ìãã¹ãŠ¿ããâ¦ã ÜããËãè) ý
‡ã슇㊽ããÃÞãã ‡ãŠÀÌããè ý Àãºãì •ãÀãè ýý30ýý ¦ãÀãè ¦ã¾ãããäÞãÔãããäÀŒãñâ ý ‚ãÔãâ¼ã¡ ¹ãã¹ã ãä¹ã‡ãñŠ ý ½ãØ㠕㶽ã‡ãŠãñ›ãè ªì:Œãñâ ý ¼ããñØããè •ããèÌãì ýý31ýý
¶ãã¦ãÀãè ãäÌã£ããèãäÞã¾ãñ Ìãã¹ãñŠ ý Ôãã䦇ãÆŠ¾ãã ºããè•ã ‚ããÀãñ¹ãñ ý ¦ãÀãè •ã¶½ãÍã¦ããÞããèâ ½ãã¹ãñâ ý ÔãìŒããäÞã ½ãÌããè (½ããñ•ã¦ããñ, ãä½ãßãäÌã¦ããñ) •ãñ ýý32ýý ¦ãâÌã
‚ãããä¥ã‡ãŠ ½Ö¥ã¦ããè Öñâ ¶ãÌÖñ ý Öñâ ãä•ãÌããÞãñâãäÞ㠶㠽֥ããÌãñâ ý ‚ãã½ãì¦ãñâ ¹ãìÔãã ‚ããÜãÌãñâ ý àãñ¨ããâÞãñâ ¾ãã ýý33ýý ‚ãÖãñ •ããèÌãì †©ã „ãäŒã¦ãã ý
ÌãÔ¦ããè‡ãŠÀì Ìãã›ñ •ãã¦ããâ ý ‚ãããä¥ã ¹ãÆã¥ãì Öã ºãËãõ¦ãã ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã •ããØãñ ýý34ýý ‚ã¶ãããäª •ãñ ¹ãƇãðŠ¦ããè ý Ôãã⌾ã ãä•ã¾ãñ¦ãñâ Øãã¦ããè ý àãñ¨ã Öñ Ìãð§ããè
ý ãä¦ã¾ãñãäÞã •ãã¥ãã ýý35ýý ‚ãããä¥ã ƒ¾ãñ¦ãñâãäÞã ‚ããÜãÌãã ý ‚ãã©ããè ÜãÀ½ãñßãÌãã ý ½Ö¥ããõãä¶ã ¦ãñ ÌãããäÖÌãã (ÌããäÖÌãã›, ËãØãÌã¡)ý ÜãÀãè ÌããÖñ ýý36ýý
ÌããÖ¿ãããäÞã¾ãñ ÀÖã›ãè ý •ãñ ‡ãŠãâ ½ãìªáªË ãä¦ãÜãñ ƒ¾ãñ ÔãðÓ›ãèâ ý ¦ãñ ƒ¾ãñÞ¾ãããäÞã ¹ããñ›ãèâ ý •ãÖãËñ Øãì¥ã ýý37ýý À•ããñØãì¥ã ¹ãñÀãè ý ¦ãñ¦ãìËñâ Ôã§Ìã
Ôããñ‡ãŠÀãè ý ½ãØã †‡ãŠËñâ ¦ã½ã ‡ãŠÀãè ý ÔãâÌãØã¥ããè ýý38ýý ÀÞãîãä¶ã ½ãÖ§ã§ÌããÞãñ Œãßñâ ý ½ãßãè †‡ãñŠ ‡ãŠãßìØãñãä¶ã ¹ããñßñâ ý ¦ãñ©ã ‚ã̾ã§ãŠãÞããè
¾ã©ãã ¹ãƇãŠãÍã¾ã¦¾ãñ‡ãŠ: ‡ãðŠ¦Ô¶ãâ Êããñ‡ãŠãä½ã½ãâ ÀãäÌã: ý àãñ¨ãâ àãñ¨ããè ¦ã©ãã ‡ãðŠ¦Ô¶ãâ ¹ãƇãŠãÍã¾ããä¦ã ¼ããÀ¦ã ýý33ýý
Öñâ ‚ããÜãÌãñâãäÞã ‚ãÔããñ †‡ãìŠ ý ØãØã¶ããõãä¶ã •ãõÔãã ‚ã‡ãìÊ ý ¹ãÆØã›Ìããè (¹ãƇãŠãÍã½ãã¶ã ‡ãŠÀ¦ããñ) Ëãñ‡ãìŠ ý ¶ããâÌãñâ ¶ããâÌãñâ ýý27ýý †©ã àãñ¨ã—ãì ¦ããñ †ñÔãã ý
¹ãƇãŠãÍã‡ãìŠ àãñ¨ãã¼ããÔãã ý ¾ããÌãÀì¦ãñâ Öñ⠶㠹ãìÔãã ý Íãâ‡ãŠã ¶ãñÜããñ ýý28ýý
àãñ¨ãàãñ¨ã—ã¾ããñÀñÌã½ã¶¦ãÀâ —ãã¶ãÞãàãìÓãã ý ¼ãî¦ã¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ã½ããñàãâ Þã ¾ãñ ãäÌãªì¾ããÃã䶦㠦ãñ ¹ãÀ½ãá ýý34ýý
ƒãä¦ã Ñããè½ãªá¼ãØãÌãªáØããè¦ããÔãì „¹ããä¶ãÓã¦Ôãì ºãƽÖãäÌ㪿ãã¾ããâ ¾ããñØãÍããÔ¨ãñ Ñããè‡ãðŠÓ¥ãã•ãÃì¶ãÔãâÌããªñ àãñ¨ãàãñ¨ã—ã¾ããñØããñ ¶ãã½ã
¨ã¾ããñªÍããñ磾ãã¾ã: ýý13ýý
Í㺪¦ã§ÌãÔããÀ—ãã (Í㺪¦ã§ÌããÞãñâ ÔããÀ •ãã¥ã¥ããžãã) ý ¹ãõâ ªñŒã¥ãñâ ¦ãñãäÞã ¹ãÆ—ãã ý •ãñ àãñ¨ã àãñ¨ã—ãã ý ‚ã¹ãã¡ì ªñŒãñ ýý29ýý ƒ¾ãã ªãñÖãèâÞãñâ ‚ãâ¦ãÀ ý
ªñŒããÌã¾ãã Þã¦ãìÀ ý —ãããä¶ã¾ããâÞãñâ ̪ãÀ ý ‚ããÀããä£ã¦ããè ýý1130ýý ¾ãããäÞãËãØããèâ Ôãì½ã¦ããè ý •ããñã䡦ããè Íããâãä¦ãÔãâ¹ã§ããè ý ÍããÔ¨ããâÞããèâ ªì¼ã¦ããèâ ý
¹ããñãäÔã¦ããè ÜãÀãèâ ýý31ýý ¾ããñØãããäÞã¾ãã ‚ãã‡ãŠãÍãã ý ÌãßãäÜã•ãñ ¾ãñÌã¤ããäÞã ãä£ãâÌãÔãã (£ãõ¾ããöãñâ) ý ¾ãããäÞã¾ãããäÞã ‚ããÍãã ý ¹ãìÀìÓãããäÔã Øãã ýý32ýý
ÍãÀãèÀããäª Ôã½ãÔ¦ã ý ½ãããä¶ã¦ãããä¦ã ¦ãð¥ãÌã¦ã ý •ããèÌãñâ Ôãâ¦ããâÞãñ Öãñ¦ã ý ÌããÖ¥ã£ãÀì ýý33ýý †ñÔãõãäÔã¾ãã¹ãÀãè ý —ãã¶ãããäÞã¾ãã ¼ãÀãñÌãÀãè ý
‡ãŠÀîãä¶ã¾ããâ ‚ãâ¦ãÀãèâ ý ãä¶ãÀì¦ãñâ Öãñ¦ããè ýý34ýý ½ãØã àãñ¨ãàãñ¨ã—ããâÞãñâ ý •ãñâ ‚ãâ¦ãÀ ªñŒã¦ããè ÔããÞãñâ ý —ãã¶ãñâ „¶½ãñŒã (—ãã¶ã) ¦ã¾ããâÞãñâ ý ÌããñÌããßîâ
‚ãã½Öãè ýý35ýý ‚ãããä¥ã ½ãÖã¼ãî¦ããã䪇ãŠãèâ ý ¹ãƼãñªËãè ‚ã¶ãñ‡ãŠãèâ ý ¹ãÔãÀãäËÔãñ Ëã䛇ãŠãè ý ¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ã •ãñ Öñ ýý36ýý •ãñ Íãì‡ãŠ¶ããä߇ãŠã¶¾ãã¾ãñâ ý
¶ã ËØã¦ããè ËãØãËãè ‚ããÖñ ý Öñ •ãõÔãñâ ¦ãõÔãñâ Öãñ¾ãñ ý Ÿã„Ìãñâ •ã¾ããâ ýý37ýý •ãõÔããè ½ããßã ¦ãñ ½ããßã ý †ñÔããèãäÞã ªñãäŒã•ãñ ¡ãñßãâ ý Ôã¹ãúãìã䣪
›Ìããßã ý „Œããè Öãñ„¶ããè ýý38ýý ‡ãŠãâ Íãìãä§ãŠ ¦ãñ Íãì§ãŠãè ý Öñ ÔããÞã Öãñ¾ã ¹ãƦããè¦ããè ý Àì¹ãñ¾ããÞããè ¼ãÆãâ¦ããè ý •ãã…ãä¶ã¾ããâ ýý39ýý ¦ãõÔããè
ÌãñØãßãè ÌãñØãßñ¹ã¥ãñâ ý ¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ã •ãñ ‚ãâ¦ã:‡ãŠÀ¥ãñâ ý ªñŒã¦ããè ¦ãñ ½ããè ½Ö¥ãñâ ý ºãÆ½Ö Öãñ¦ããè ýý1140ýý •ãñ ‚ãã‡ãŠãÍããÖîãä¶ã Ìãã¡ ý •ãñâ
Ñããè—ãã¶ãñÎÌãÀãè ‚ã£¾ãã¾ã 13Ìãã àãñ¨ãàãñ¨ã—ã¾ããñØã (¹ãƇãðŠãä¦ã¹ãìÀìÓããäÌãÌãñ‡ãŠ¾ããñØã) 45
‚ã̾ã§ãŠãÞããè (¹ãƇãðŠ¦ããèÞããè) ¹ãõË ‡ãŠ¡ ý •ãñâ ¼ãñ›ãä˾ãã ‚ã¹ãã¡ã ¹ãã¡ ý ¹ã¡ãñâ ¶ãñªãè ýý41ýý ‚ãã‡ãŠãÀì •ãñ©ã ÔãÀñ ý •ããèÌã¦Ìã •ãñ©ãñâ ãäÌãÀñ ý ̪õ¦ã
•ãñ©ã ¶ãìÀñ ý ‚ã̪¾ã •ãñâ ýý42ýý ¦ãñâ ¹ãÀ½ã ¦ã§Ìã ¹ãã©ããà ý Öãñ¦ããè ¦ãñ ÔãÌãéãã ý •ãñ ‚ã㦽ãã¶ã㦽ã̾ãÌãÔ©ãã- (‚ã㦽ãã Ìã ‚ã¶ã㦽ãã ¾ããâÞããè ãä¶ãÌã¡
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