INTRODUCTION

Traditionally, an Indian woman had four status –role sequence. These were her role as a daughter,
wife, housewife, and mother. The woman, whose status and role traditionally was well defined and
almost fixed in the society, is now experiencing far – reaching changes.
The woman in modern times is entering into certain new fields that were unknown to the woman’s
sphere of role-sets. They are activating participating in social, economic, and political activities.
The women of the present generation have generally received higher education than the women of
their preceding generation. There have been far reaching consequences in the economic status of
their families.
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AIMS AND OBJECTIVE
1. The researcher tends to analyse the facts on position and role of women in society.
2. Comparison between present and past situation of women.
3. To focus on the mind set of people of India.

HYPOTHESIS

The researcher tends to hypothesise that ‘What is the position of women” and what is the mind
set of people about women.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The researcher will be relying on Doctrinal method of research to complete the project.

SOURCES OF DATA

The researcher will be relying on both primary and secondary sources to complete the project.

1. Primary Sources: Acts and articles related to women

2. Secondary Sources: Newspapers, journals, cases and websites.

TENTATIVE CHAPTERIZATION

1. Introduction
2. Historical position of women
Throughout history, women have had very different experiences at different times.
Some past societies had women who were warriors, powerful priestesses, and political
leaders. At other times strict expectations have been placed on women, with (male)
writers portraying them as inferior to men.
Looking at how a society treats its women can be very enlightening. An investigation
into the position of women at different points in history shows us how our society has
grown and changed.

 Women in ancient period- women during the early Vedic period enjoyed equal
status with men in all aspects of life .Works by ancient Indian grammarians
such as PATANJALI and KATYAYANA suggested that women were
educated in early Vedic period.
 Women in medieval period- the position of Indian women in society
deteriorated during this period. The purdah system and JAUHAR are
attributable to the Muslim rules that existed from 10th century awards.
 Women in British period- RAJA RAM MOHAN ROY, ISHWAR
CHANDRA VIDYASAGAR and JYOTIRAO PHULE fought for the
betterment of women.
3. Women in independent India
Women in India now participate fully in areas such as education, sports, politics,
media, art, and culture, service sectors, science and technology etc.
4. Achievements of women’s
SAVITRIBAI PHULE , CHANDRAMUKH BASU , SUZANNE RD TATA ,
ANNIE BESANT , SAROJINI NAIDU etc.
5. Women in politics
India has highest number of female politicians in the world. Women have held high
offices in India including that of the President , Prime Minister , Speaker of the Lok
Sabha , and leader of opposition.
6. Education
Though it is sharply increasing , the female literacy rate in India is less than the
male literacy rate.
7. Land and property rights
 In most Indian families, women do not own any property in their own names, and do not
get a share of parental property.
8. Crimes against women

Acid throwing, child marriage, domestic violence, dowry , female infanticide and sex
selection abortion , rape

9. Women’s safety laws

Dowry prohibition act 1961
Child marriage restraint act 1929
Commission of sati (prevention) act 1987
10. Conclusion and suggestion
In the wake of several brutal rape attacks in the capital city of Delhi, debate held in other
cities revealed that some men believed women who dressed provocatively deserved to get
raped, many of the correspondents stated women incited men to rape.

BIBILOGRAHY

The researcher has consulted following sources to complete the rough proposal:

PRIMARY SOURCES:

1. The position of women in Hindu civilization by ALTEKAR , DR. A. S.

2. The position of women by MENO

SECONDARY SOURCE:

Website – https://www.importantindia.com

https://www.quora.com
 WRONGFUL RESTRAINT
Whoever voluntarily obstructs any person so as to prevent that person from proceeding in any
direction, in which that person has a right to proceed, is said wrongfully to restrain that person.

Exception- The Obstruction of a private way over land or water which a person in good faith
believes himself to have a lawful right to obstruct, is not an offence within the meaning of this
section.

ILLUSTRATION:-
A obstructs a path along which Z has a right to pass . A not believing in good faith that he has
a right to stop the path . Z is thereby prevented from passing . A wrongfully restrains Z.

1.Complaint regarding issuance of process for offence of wrongful restraint.- Where there was
allegation that trustee of Harkul Budruk Trust had locked mosque and wrongfully restraint
complainant from entering into the mosque and offering namaz. Residential place of all
accused was shown to be Harkul Budruk. There was nothing on record to show that some of
accused were residing at Mumbai. Held that accused will have to make out case of their alibi
and satisfy, magistrate that they were not present at Harkul Burdruk near mosque. As such,
order of magistrate issuing process was proper.1

2. In any direction.- The words in any direction would include vertical direction that if a person
had right to up to the roof of his house or comes down from the roof.

3. Obstruction in good faith:- Exception to section 339 provides that the obstruction of a
private way, were land or water , a person in good faith believed to have a lawful right to
obstruct or not an offence within the limit of this section. The complainant as well as for the
petitioner. It was alleged that the accused petitioner parked his car in that passage and so car
of the complainant kept in the garage could not be taken out . the accused was said to believe
in good faith that he had a lawful right to obstruct the way and he was not held guilty for an
offence under section 341.2 No doubt the exception mention private path but if a public officer
restraints some person in good faith believing them committing some offence they are also
protected and cannot be guilty under section 341 I.P.C .3

4. Right to proceed:- A person cannot be convicted for the offence of wrongful restraint if the
person restraint has no right to that way.

1
Noor mohammed v. Nadirshah ismalishah Patel ,2004 cri.L.J. 985(Bom)
2
I.P.C Shankar Lal v. State of Assam,1975Cri.L.J. 1077(Gau).
3
K. C Shanu v. saligram shah , 1997