10.

3 Arbitrary Band Filling 539

For n # 1, the system remains a Fermi liquid for arbitrarily large

U. Increasing U from zero, q decreases relatively fast until U reaches
the order of magnitude of Ucr, and afterwards gradually approaches
the asymptotic value (10.21). The typical behaviour is illustrated for
n = 0.8 in Fig. 10.3 (left). The calculation was done for a band with a
constant density of states; for n = 1, the Brinkman-Rice transition sets
in at Ucr = 2W, where W is the bandwidth. Fig. 10.3 (right) shows the
development of the Fermi step. The U + 00 limit is

(10.23)

,k
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
q

"
n(k)

qEj
0.2
,
k
0 2 4 6 8 0.2 0 . 4 0.6 0.8 1

Figure 10.3: The behaviour at band filling n = 0.8. Left: the dependence of the
Fermi step height q on u = U / W , where W is the bandwidth. Right: the band state
distribution function n(k) for several different values of u. Thick line: u + 00, thin
line: u = 1, thinnest h e : u = 0. w e set k s z = 1.

The relationship for the correlation enhancement of the effective

mass
(10.24)

allows us to.map out m* in the entire n-U plane. The result for the
case of a band with a constant density of states is shown in Fig. 10.4.
The Mott-insulating region lies at n = 1, U/W 2 2. The contour
plot shows that m* diverges if we approach the Mott-insulating state
from any direction. If we set n = 1, (10.7) describes the divergence
with increasing U. We can also fix a U > U,, = 2W, and change n