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Study On Mechanical Behaviour of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
Study On Mechanical Behaviour of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
conductivity, higher erosion resistance etc. the matrix which could be either plastic or metal.
However, the major disadvantage of metal matrix The volume fraction varies from a few percentages
composites is their higher densities and to as high as 70%.use the fiber reinforcement is
consequently lower specific mechanical properties done to obtain high strength and high modulus.
compared to polymer matrix composites. Another Hence it is necessary for the fibers to posse’s higher
notable difficulty is the high-energy requirement modulus than the matrix material so that the load
for fabrication of such composites. is transferred to the fiber from the matrix more
5.2 Polymer Matrices effectively.
Fig.1 (a) Random fiber (short fiber) reinforced Fig.1 (c) Continuous fiber (long fiber) reinforced
Fig.1 (b) Particles as the reinforcement Composites Fig.(d) Flat flakes as the reinforcement Composites
flexural, impact (with varying ratio of sugarcane However, the viscosity of conventional epoxy
bagasse waste) were studied. Storage modulus, loss resins is higher and they are more expensive
modulus and damping characteristics of varying compared to polyester resins. The cured resins
sugarcane bagasse waste with epoxy composites have high chemical, corrosion resistance, good
have been studied in dynamic mechanical analysis. mechanical and thermal properties, outstanding
Sugarcane bagasse waste with epoxy composites adhesion to a variety of substrates, and good and
have been studied in dynamic mechanical analysis. electrical properties. Approximately 45% of the
7. MATERIALS AND METHODS total amount of epoxy resins produced is used in
protective coatings while the remaining is used in
7.1 Composite Preparations
structural applications such as laminates and
To prepare the composite, following materials composites, tooling, moulding casting,
are required. construction, adhesives.
1. Sugarcane Bagasse fibers 7.4 Preparation of Composite Laminates
2. Epoxy
Two wooden molds of dimension 150x150x3.5
3. Hardener
mm and 130x80x3 mm were use for casting the
7.2 Preparation of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber composite sheet. First mold size is use for
In this sugarcane stalk is composed of an outer preparing the samples for tensile strength and
rind and inner pith. The upper layers of bagasse second mold size is used to prepare the samples
consist of a hard fibrous substance called rind for flexural testing. The first group of samples was
while inside is soft material called pith. The pith manufactured with 5, 10, 20, 25 and 30 % volume
contains small fibers and the majority of the fraction of fibers. Usual hand lay-up technique was
sucrose, while the rind contains longer and finer used for preparation of the samples. For different
fiber, After approximately two weeks, the long volume fraction of fibers, a calculated amount of
bagasse fibers (rind portion only) were shortened epoxy resin and hardener ratio of 10:1 by weight
into a length of 10mm to 40 mm (optimum fiber was thoroughly mixed in a glass jar and placed in
length found from single fiber pull out test) and a vacuum chamber to remove air bubbles that got
width of 1mm to 4 mm with a pair of scissor. Due introduced. This procedure was performed for 10
to the low moisture content of the bagasse samples, minutes initially. The mixture was re-stirred and
no fungi grew during the storage. The bagasse the vacuum procedure was performed again for
samples were then cleaned via pressurized water 10 minutes for further removal of bubbles. For
for about one hour. This procedure removes fine quick and easy removal of composite sheets, mold
bagasse particles, sugar residues and organic release sheet was put over the glass plate and a
materials from the samples. Then the fibers were mold release spray was applied at the inner surface
dried with hair drier. of the mold. After keeping the mold on a glass
7.3 Epoxy Resin and Hardener sheet a thin layer 1mm mm 39 thickness of the
mixture was poured. Then the required amount of
Epoxy resins are relative low molecule weight
fibers was distributed on the mixture. The
pre polymers capable of being process under a
remainder of the mixture was then poured into the
variety of conditions. Two important advantages
mold. Care was taken to avoid formation of air
of these over unsaturated polyester resins are first,
bubbles. Pressure was then applied from the top
they can be partially cured and stored in that state
and the mold was allowed to cure at room
and second they exhibit low shrinkage during cure.
temperature for 72 hrs. During application of
38
S-JPSET : Vol. 8, Issue 1, ISSN : 2229-7111 (Print) & ISSN : 2454-5767 (Online) copyright samriddhi, 2010-2016
Pankaj Tripathi and Dheeraj Kumar
Fig.5: Samples prepared for tensile test and flexural testing Fig.6: Dimensions of Tensile Test Specimen
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copyright samriddhi, 2010-2016 S-JPSET : Vol. 8, Issue 1, ISSN : 2229-7111 (Print) & ISSN : 2454-5767 (Online)
Study on Mechanical Behaviour of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
40
S-JPSET : Vol. 8, Issue 1, ISSN : 2229-7111 (Print) & ISSN : 2454-5767 (Online) copyright samriddhi, 2010-2016
Pankaj Tripathi and Dheeraj Kumar
hardness to the effect of content of the fiber. As 8. Different composites can be prepared with
the fiber content in unsaturated polymer increased different length of fibers. Length can be factor
in term of volume percentage, the Tensile strength in improving the mechanical properties of the
increased slowly till 20 percentages. It is found composites.
that the tensile strength declined as the fiber 9. Different composites can be prepared by placing
concentration in composite increased. The increase the fibers at different angles. This can affect
of fiber-to-fiber interaction and dispersion problem the mechanical properties of the composites.
in matrix has contributed to this phenomenon
REFERENCES
Flexural strength and hardness also increases up
[1] Jartiz, A.E., 1965, “Design,” pp. 18.
to 20% and then starts decreasing. Finally to
summarize everything, sugarcane bagasse fiber has [2] Kelly, A., 1967, Sci. American, 217, (B), pp. 161.
enhanced tensile properties, flexural as well as [3] Berghezan, A., 1966, “Non-ferrous Materials,”
Nucleus, 8: pp. 5–11.
impact properties of the unsaturated polymers. The
[4] Agarwal, B.D. and Broutman, L.J., 1980, “Analysis
study has demonstrated the optimum for select
and performance of fiber composites,” John Wiley
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& Sons, New York, pp.3-12.
hardness testing at 20% of fiber content.
[5] Chand N., Rohatgi P.K., 1994, “Natural fibers and
11. FUTURE WORKS their composites”, Publishers, Periodical Experts,
Delhi.
The results of this study suggested a number of
[6] Chand N., Dwivedi U.K., 2006, “Effect of coupling
new avenues for research in future. They are:
agent on high stress abrasive wear of Chopped jute/
1. Determination of the chemical constituents PP composites”, Journal of Wear, 261: pp. 1057.
inside the local abundant sugarcane bagasse [7] Joseph, P.V., Kuruvilla J, Thomas S., 1999,
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[8] Mukherjee, P. S. & Satyanarayana, K. G., 1986,
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“Structure and properties of some vegetable fibers-
such as creep, fatigue, compressive, shear
II. Pineapple leaf fiber,” J. Material Science 21, pp.
strength, chemical resistance and electrical 51–56.
properties. [9] Hirao, K., Inagaki, H., Nakamae, K., Kotera, M. and
3. The use of different types of chemical promoters Nishino, T. K., 2003, “Kenaf Reinforced
and coupling agents can be studied. Biodegradable Composite,” Composites Science and
Technology, 63: pp.1281-1286.
4. The other epoxy-hardener polymeric matrix
[11] Vazquez, A., Dominguez V. A., Kenny J. M., 1999,
system can be studied.
“Bagasse Fiber- Polypropylene Based. Composites.”
5. The Hybrid composite comprising other fiber Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials.” 12,
such as glass fiber with sugarcane bagasse fiber (6): pp. 477-497.
can be studied as this will definitely yield better [12] Clemons, Craig M., Caulfield, Daniel F., 2005,
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6. The above results can be more precise by Weinheim: Wiley-VCH: pp.195-206.
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S-JPSET : Vol. 8, Issue 1, ISSN : 2229-7111 (Print) & ISSN : 2454-5767 (Online) copyright samriddhi, 2010-2016