Experiment 7:

• Properties of lipids:

• Introduction:

• Objective:

1) To determine some of the physical and chemical properties of lipid.

2) To identify the products of hydrolysis.

• Theory:

The group of biologically active substances called lipid includes compounds

of widely different compositions and structures. They include true fats and
fat-like substances. On the basis of their chemical nature, they may be
classified in to three group:

1) simple lipids considered as the true fats,

2)compound lipids which contain parts of other biochemical compounds in

addition to the glycerol and fatty acid components, and

3) miscellaneous lipids which are the fat like substsnces.

True fats or neutral fats are esters of the trihydroxy alcohol, glycerol,and
high molecular weight acids of the continuous chain type . they are
designated as triglycerides or glyceryl esters. Exampeles of compound
lipids are: those with phosphoric acid called phosphatides, those with
nitrogenious bases as well as phosphoric acid called phospholipids, those
 with carbohydrates called glycolipids, and those with proteins called
lipoproteins. The miscellaneous lipids are those which do not have the fatty
acid radical but have the same solubility properties as the fats. Classified
among them are the sterols.cartenoids, fat soluble vitamins.

EXPERIMENTAL

F. Salkowski’s Test for Cholesterol

1-Where was the chloroform layer formed?

It the bithm of test tube

3- describe the result?

Some sample change the color to dark violet

4-record results in the table.

Fat sample Color with sulfuric Test result

acid interpretation
1-butter→colestrol Dark violet It contain cholestrol
2-lard→inolin Dark violet It contain cholestrol
3-margarine→ oleic acid Dark violet It contain cholestrol
4.corn oil → olive oil trunsparent It doesn’t contain
cholestrol
5-

describe the result. Nothing happen

was cholesterol present in any of the samples? Yes in the sample

1,2, and 3

which fat sample gave a positive result? Sample 1,2,3 and

negative result ? olive oil