SOCIAL SCIENCE YEAR 6

INDEX
1. The population of Spain and Europe
2. The 3 sectors of economy

by
Rafael
Rodríguez
Pérez
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1. THE POPULATION OF SPAIN AND EUROPE

 Class discussion. Look at the map, listen to your teacher, answer and discuss.

a. Is the population density high or low in Spain?

b. Is the population density the same in every part of Europe?
c. Is a high population density positive or negative for a country? And a low
population density?
d. What are the advantages and disadvantages of migration?

 All for one and one for all. Pay attention to this information and define the next
concepts. Remember to take everyone’s opinions into consideration.
- Birth rate:
- Death rate:
- Natural growth:

sources: https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/mortalidad/espana;
https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/natalidad/espana
 Individual activity. Listen to some personal experiences and say if they speak about
immigration or emigration.

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Remember: Migration refers to people who move from one country to another.
Emigrants are people who go to live to another country and immigrants are people
who come to Spain to live here.

 Individual activity. Imagine that you are an immigrant from another country and you
want to tell your experience in a TV programme. Write it using past simple and linkers.
Be creative!

Use linkers: First of all, second, later, also, furthermore, because, so, however, on the one
hand, on the other hand, then, instead of, finally, in conclusion, etc.

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 The substance. Analyse this information and write down (secretary) a group
opinion or conclusion. Everybody must agree with it. Later, the speaker will tell it to
the rest of the class.

Sources: https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/migracion/emigracion/espana
https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/migracion/inmigracion/espana
 Numbered heads together. Read cooperatively; look at the graph and answer.

Life expectancy is the number of years that a

person is expected to live.
Life expectancy in Spain has increased. This is
because of advances in medicine and better
living and working conditions.
In Spain there are more elderly people than
young people. This is because the birth rate is
low and people live for a long time. This is an
ageing population.

a. Has life expectancy changed in Spain?

b. Is life expectancy higher for men or women?
c. There are more elderly people than young people. Is it positive, negative or
both? Explain why.

Life expectancy in Spain, 2018

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 1-2-group. Look at the maps, think and write T (true) or F (false).

Population density is the number of

inhabitants per square kilometre.

a. The Community of Madrid has low population density. ____

b. Castilla-La Mancha has provinces with high population density. ____
c. Barcelona has more than 600 inhabitants per km2. ____
d. Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom
have high population density. ____
e. Iceland, Finland, Sweden, Norway and Russia have very low population
density because of their very cold climates. ____

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 Observe and interpret these population pyramids:

Source: https://www.populationpyramid.net/spain/2017/
a. Which years do they represent?
b. Look at the shape of the pyramids. How are thy different?
c. What pyramid represents a young population and what pyramid represents
an old population? Why?
d. What is your personal opinion about the evolution of the Spanish
population?

2. THE 3 SECTORS OF ECONOMY

 Game. Read cooperatively and, later your teacher will say ‘active population’ or
‘inactive population’. The group speaker will pretend to be someone from that
group.
- Active population are all adults who can work. These people are employed
and working, or unemployed looking for work.
- Inactive population are:
 People who are not of legal working age (children).
 People who have retired (elderly people).
 Students.
 People who don’t want to work.
 Disabled people who can’t work.
 Homemakers.

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 Oral exposition. Read the following information about the 3 sectors of economy
and prepare a 4-minute exposition in groups. Remember to prepare some questions
to the audience and use visual aids (poster, cards, digital presentation, pictures,
costumes…).

In the primary sector, workers obtain raw materials from natural resources, for
example, products from plants, animals and the soil.
Jobs in the primary sector include:
- Agriculture: farmers grow crops, vegetables and fruit.
- Livestock farming: farmers keep animals to produce products like meat, eggs,
milk and leather.
- Fishing: fishermen catch fish and shellfish.
- Mining: miners mine rocks, minerals and metals that are used in industry.

The secondary sector transforms raw material into manufactured products.

Industries in the secondary sector include factory work, the construction industry
and craft industries.
A lot of people work in factories, using machines to transform raw materials into
manufactured products. This is called the industrial process.

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The tertiary sector is also called the service sector. Workers in this sector provide
us with trade, health, education and transport.
Trade, the buying and selling of products, is one of the most important activities
in this sector. It connects products from the primary and secondary sectors with
consumers. There are also other services apart from trade, such as education, health
and financial services. Transport and tourism are important services in Spain and the
European Union.

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 Read and answer.

a. Read the text and choose the best world for each space:

b. Which sector employs 74% of the active population in Spain?

c. Which is one of the most important activities in the service sector?
d. What nationalities visit Spain the most?
e. What can you do in inland Spain?
f. Do you prefer beach tourism or rural tourism? Explain.

 Work in pairs. Complete the unit diagram.

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