GLANDS

o uropygial gland
located at the base of the tail
secretes a lipid and protein product that birds collect on the sides of their beak and
then smear on their feathers
o salt gland
located on the head of some birds
well developed in marine birds
excrete excess salt obtained marine foods and seawater

 Integumentary System of Mammals

Two general layers:
• epidermis
– sublayers/strata:
• Stratum corneum
• stratum lucidum
• stratum granulosum
• stratum spinosum
• stratum basale/germinativum
• dermis
– sublayers: papillary layer & reticular layer
Function of the dermis:
• produces dermal bones
Functions of the dermal bone:
– contribute to the skull and pectoral girdle
– rarely form dermal scales in the skin
• Glyptodon, a fossil mammal whose epidermis was underlaid by dermal bone

 living armadillo:
– These species represent secondary developments of dermal bone in the
mammalian integument.