Shallow Foundations: Ultimate Bearing Capacity Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory du = C'Ne + GN, +4yBN, (continuous or strip foundation) (3.3) where ’ = cohesion of soil of soil Ne, Ny Ny = bearing capacity factors that are nondimensional and are functions only of the soil friction angle &’ ‘The bearing capacity factors N,, N,, and N, are defined by Gu = 13e'N. + GN, + O.AYBN, (square foundation) G2 and u = 1.3¢'N, + qN, + 0.3yBN, (circular foundation) G8) In Eq, (3.7), B equals the dimension of each side of the foundation; in Eq. (3.8), B equals the diameter of the foundation. For foundations that exhibit the local shear failure mode in soils, Terzaghi suggested the following modifications to Eqs. (3.3), (3.7), and (3.8): qu = 3c'Ni + QN4 + tyBNS (strip foundation) G9) du = 0.867C'N; + GN}, + 04yBN', (square foundation) G.10) du = O.867C'Ni + Ni, + 0.3yBN', (circular founds ion) GADTable 2.1 Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Factors—Eqs. (34), (3.5), and (3.6) a From Kumbhojkar (1993) N Ny NY 8 N Ny Nt 5.70 1.00 0.00 26 27.09 14.21 9.84 6.00 1.10 0.01 2 29.24 15.90 11.60 6.30 1.22 0.04 B 31.61 1781 13.70 6.62 1.35 0.06 29 34 19.98 16.18 6.97 1.49 0.10 0 37.16 22.46 19.13 . 164 O14 31 4041 25.28 22.65 13 Lal 0.20 2 44.04 28.52 26.87 B15 2.00 0.27 B 48.09 32.23 3.94 8.60 221 0.35 M 52.64 36.50 38.04 9.09 2.44 0.44 35 57.75 AL Ad 45Al Sewsysneenio|® ~ e 9.61 2.69 0.56 36 63.53 47.16 54.36 it 10.16 2.98 0.69 37 70.01 53.80 65.27 12 10.76 3.29 0.85 3B 77.50 61.55 7.61 13 41 3.63 1.04 9 85.97 70.61 95.03 ve 12.11 4,02 1.26 40 95.66 81.27 115.31 15 12.86 445 1.52 4 106.81 93.85 140.51 16 13.68 4,92 182 42 119.67 108.75 171.99 17 14.60 5.45 218 43 1M58 126.50 211.56 18 15.12 6.04 2.50 44 151.95 147.74 261.60 9 16.56 6.70 3.07 45 172.28 123.28 325.34 0 17.69 144 3.64 46 196.22 204.19 407.11 2 18.92 8.26 431 47 224.55 241.80 512.84 2 20.27 919 5.09 4B 258.28 287.85 650.67 B 2.75 10.28 6.00 49 298.71 344.63 831.99 ub 23.36 11.40 1.08 50 347.50 415.14 1072.80 B 25.13 12.72 aM “From Kumbhojkar (1993)Table 3.2 Terzaghi’s Modified Bearing Capacity Factors N, o Ne Ny Ny, o N N, o 570 1.00 0.00 26 15.53 6.05, 1 5.90 1.07 0.005 7 16.30 654, 2.88 2 6.10 114 0.02 28, 17.13, 1.07 3.29 3 630 122 0.04 29 18.03 7.66 3.76 4 651 130 0.055 30 18.99 831 4.39 5 6.74 139 0.074 3 20.03 9.03, 4.93 6 6.97 149 0.10 32 21.16 9.82 551 7 1.22 159 0.128 33 22.39 10.69 6.32 8 TAT 1.70 0.16 34 23.72 11.67 712 9 114 1.82 0.20 35 25.18 12.75 8.35 10 8.02 1.94 0.24 36 26.77 13.97 941 Wn 832 2.08 0.30 7 28.51 15.32 10.90 12 8.63 222 0.35 38 30.43 16.85 12.75 13 8.96 238 0.42 39 32.53 18.56 14.71 14 9.31 255 0.48 40 34.87 20.50 17.2 15 9.67 273 057 41 37.45 2.10 19.75 16 10.06 292 0.67 42 40.33 25.21 22.50 7 10.47 3.13 0.76 43 43.54 28.06 26.25 18 10.90 3.36 0.88 44 ans 31.34 30.40 19 11.36 3.61 1.03 45 S17 35.11 36.00 20 11.85, 3.88 1.12 46 55.73 39.48 41.70 2 1237 417 1.35 47 60.91 44.45 49.30 2 12.92 448 1.55 48 66.80 50.46 59.25 2B 13.51 482 1.74 49 BSS 5741 71.45 4 14.14 5.20 1.97 50 8131 65.60 85.75 5 14.80 5.60 2.25 Nj, Nj and Nj, the modified bearing capacity factors, can be calculated by using the bearing capacity factor equations (for NV. N,, and N,, respectively) by replacing an~! (3 tan 6’). The variation of N/, Nj. and Nj with the soil friction angle 6 is given in Table 32 Factor of Safety Calculating the gross allowable load-bearing capacity of shallow foundations requires the application of a factor of safety (FS) to the gross ultimate bearing capacity, or Ge Fs 3.12) da