FLOOR CLEANING MACHINE

MARCH 1, 2018

1
 ”Towards Global Technological Excellence”
A
Minor Project Report
on

FLOOR CLEANING MACHINE

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of
Bachelor of Technology
in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BY

Ms. Neha S. Wange ( 16102001 ) Mr. Yash S.Chandak ( 15002055 )

Ms. Payal A. Talda ( 15002035 ) Mr. Rushikesh S. Gaddamwar (15002023)

Mr. Krunal N. Morey ( 15002011) Ms..Poonam A. Gedam ( 15002031 )

Guide
Dr. S. M. Lawankar

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

GOVT. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(An autonomous Institute of Government of Maharashtra )
AMRAVATI (M. S.) 444 604 INDIA
MARCH 2018
2
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, AMRAVATI
( An Autonomous Institute Of Govt. Of Maharashtra)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled, “FLOOR CLEANING

MACHINE”, is being successfully completed and submitted here by the group,

1) Ms. Neha S. Wange (16102001)

2) Ms. Payal A. Talda (15002035)
3) Mr. Krunal N. Morey (15002011)
4) Mr. Yash S. Chandak (15002055)
5) Mr. Rushikesh S. Gaddamwar (15002023)
6) Ms. Poonam A. Gedam (15002031)

under my supervision. I approve this project for submission of the Bachelor of

Engineering in the department of Mechanical Engineering.

Dr. S. M. LAWANKAR Dr. R. S. Dalu

Guide Principal and Head of Department,

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
Govt. College of Engineering, Govt. College of Engineering,

3
 Amravati. Amravati.

DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the project entitled, “FLOOR CLEANING

MACHINE” was carried out and written by us under the guidance of Dr.
S.M.LAWANKAR, Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Govt.
College of Engineering, Amravati. This work has not been previously formed
the basis for the award of any degree or diploma or certificate nor has been
submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree or diploma.

1) Ms. Neha S. Wange (16102001)

2) Ms. Payal A. Talda (15002035)
3) Mr. Krunal N. Morey (15002011)
4) Mr. Yash S. Chandak (15002055)
5) Mr. Rushikesh S. Gaddamwar (15002023)
6) Ms. Poonam A. Gedam (15002031)

4
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our gratitude to all those who gave us the opportunity to complete this

work. We would like to thank Mr. S.M.LAWANKAR sir for giving guidance, stimulating

suggestions and moral support. We are grateful to him for sharing his time and expertise. His

faith in us has always made us more confident. It had been our privilege to work under his

guidance. We are also thankful to all the faculty members of mechanical engineering department

and our colleagues for their cooperation.

We would like to thank our family for their continued support throughout this work. Our parents

have always been there for us and provided us the best opportunities.

Thank you for your consistent help and support.

5
 ABSTRACT

This project deals with the design of new products. The conventional floor cleaning
methods involve human labor and are most widely used in airport platforms, railway
platforms, hospitals, bus stands, malls and in many other commercial places. Floor
cleaning machine is a system that deals with cleaning action of large sized floors. All the
operations involved in cleaning of floor are dealt in a single run of the machine reducing
the time duration for cleaning operation. The cleaning operation specifically consists of
sweeping the floor, followed by cleaning the dust using a vacuum cleaner, then wet
mopping of the floor. If all these operations are carried out one by one, the time
consumed will be very much. Thus floor cleaning machine solves this issue by
incorporating all the three mechanisms in a single machine.

6
 INDEX

Chapter Page No.

1.
1.1Introduction
History of robot 11-12
1.1 Need
1.2 Problem statement
1.3 Objective
2. Literature Review

3. Design and Fabrication

3.1 Introduction to CREO

3.2 Design of components
3.3 Tools
3.4 Procedure

4. Conclusion

4.1 Conclusion

5. Future work

5.1Future work

5.2 Advantages
References

7
LIST OF FIGURES

Sr. no. Figure Page.no.

1 Floor cleaning machine
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

8
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Conventionally, floor cleaning was done by maids i.e manpower was required. As time
passed by conventional floor cleaning using manpower was replaced by vacuum
cleaners. However, vacuum cleaners help in only cleaning the dust from the floor. In
order to achieve complete hygiene of the floor, floor cleaning should comprise of
sweeping dust and dirt followed by scrubbing and wiping of the floor. At the same time,
cleaning of large floor places like bus stops, railway stations, theatres, schools, etc
requires manpower, consumes a lot of time, involves labor cost and may sometimes
lead to the places left unclean due to non availability or absence of labor.

Our project introduces a complete, all in one floor cleaning machine. Unlike all
conventional machines available in the market which provide either cleaning of dust by
sweeping & vacuum cleaning or scrubbing operation. Our project provides all the three
operations i.e. sweeping, vacuum cleaning and scrubbing (with the help of mop) of large
sized floors in a single pass.

In this report, the design, simulation and manufacturing of a floor cleaning machine is
presented. The machine is designed in such a way that it can complete all the tasks
involved in cleaning of large sized floors. It is very simple in construction and easy to
operate. Anybody can operate this machine easily. The time taken for cleaning is very
less and the cost is also very less. Maintenance cost is less.

9
 Fig: 1 Floor cleaning machine

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

To design, simulate and fabricate Floor cleaning Machine.

1.3 NEED

It is necessary to reduce the time and human effort required in the cleaning and maintenance of

public places such as auditoriums, hospitals, railway platforms, etc as these places are covered

by large crowd and their maintenance of hygiene in such places is of utmost importance. Thus,

our project aims at designing and fabrication of floor cleaning machine which performs all the

tasks of floor cleaning in one pass, reducing the human effort involved in floor cleaning.

10
1.4 OBJECTIVE

 To design a floor cleaning machine which can perform all the tasks of sweeping,
vacuum cleaning and mopping of floor in a single run.
 To develop a machine for cleaning large-sized floors such as in hospitals, auditorium,
shops, computer centers, railway station platforms, bus stops, etc. in order to
reduce the human effort and time required to clean such large sized floors of public
places.
 To make the machine cost effective. Easy to operate.
 Requires no training to operate.
 Low maintenance cost and time.
 Requires less cleaning time.
 Clean more space in less time.

11
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

The first useful electric-powered floor machines date back to the early 1900s.
Coincidentally, this was about the same time vacuum cleaners were introduced,
which we discussed last month.
The first floor machines were known as "divided-weight" machines. With these
machines, the bulk of the weight of the machine was on its rear wheels, which
remained on the floor during operation. The buffer rolled in a push-pull fashion
over the floor for both scrubbing and polishing.
These early machines used brushes made of Tampico and Bassinet, vegetable
fibbers used for centuries for floor scrubbing and polishing. To polish wood
floors, carnauba wax would be applied to the floor, and then polished to a
shine by going back and forth over the floor with the buffer.
Divided-weight machines lacked sufficient speed, weight, and pressure over the
brush to produce a high-gloss shine, and they were hard to maneuver. The
major benefits for the user were that the machines were faster and less
strenuous to use than polishing a floor by hand.
Floor technology continued to advance, further extending the length of time
required between refinishing. By the 1970s, rotation speeds of 750 to 1,000
rpm were common. Because of the higher rpm, some floor finishes "fractured"
or "powdered" under the faster machines, and often pads would quickly
degrade because of the speed. Improved floor pads were introduced, and new
finishes produced an even higher-gloss shine. Ultimately, the pad and chemical
manufacturers introduced products that would hold up well with electric
machines producing 1,500 to 2,000 rpm.

12
 CHAPTER 3

DESIGN AND FABRICATION

Design of Components

3.1 INTRODUCTION TO CREO

CREO is one of the most popular and powerful designing tool used in the market. CREO
Parametric has the core modeling strengths one would expect from the industry leader,
along with breakthrough capabilities in additive manufacturing, model based definition
and smart connected design. Because of its high usability, CREO certification is one of
the most popular and sought after certification in the market.
It is necessary to have computerized designed 3D model of calculated dimensions so as to
check the correctness of the dimensions. Also, designed parts and assembly can be
simulated in CREO, which helps to understand and visualize the working of the
mechanism and to determine the errors in designed parts and assembly. So, CREO 3.0 is
found to be best suited for this.
According to calculated dimensions, all parts are designed in CREO Parametric and then
assembled. The 3D model is ready and from that following observations are taken:
 Dimensionally all the parts are correct.
 Frame size is sufficient to accommodate all the elements of the floor cleaning
machine.

13
3.1 PARTS USED

FRAME:

It is a basic rectangular structure of Mild Steel having rectangular cross section in

order to increase the durability of the base frame. The frame is designed for
uniform distribution of load.

Fig

Dimensions of Frame:

Breadth = 2*(maximum distance) +(2*breadth of rectangular cross section)

=2*(25) + (2*2.5)

14
=55 cm

Length >= breadth of the trolley

Length >=55

Length= 90 cm

Length of the base frame = 90 cm

Breadth of the base frame = 55 cm

FLAP ARRANGEMENT:

The flap arrangement is used for sweeping mechanism. The flap arrangement consists of a metal
rod( shaft) over which brushes are mounted. These brushes help in the sweeping action.

Fig.

15
Dimensions of frame:

Distance of centre of shaft from the end of the rectangular base frame = 11 cm

Length of metal angle supporting plummer block carrying shaft of flaps = Length of plummer
block + length of flap brushes + supporting length connected to base frame

= 9 + 11 + 5

= 25 cm

Length of flap brushes = 11 cm

MOP ARRANGEMENT:

It consists of a rectangular mop for scrubbing action for wet cleaning of the floor. The mop is
connected to the motor for its rotation.

16
Dimensions of mop:

Length of rectangular mop = breadth of base frame = 55 cm

Breadth of mop = 10 cm

CASTOR WHEELS:

Castor wheels are used having two degrees of freedom to allow for rotational and forward
movement of machine. Use of castor wheels simplifies the drive mechanism of the machine
preventing any use of electrical power for its motion.

Fig.

Dimensions of Castor Wheel:

17
MOTORS:

Worm gear motors are used for the purpose because worm gear motors provide the required
amount of torque needed for successful operation of the flap and mop mechanism.

Fig.

Specification of motors:

18
MODEL ASSEMBLY:

The whole assembly is designed in CREO Parametric as per our design calculations.

Fig.

19
3.2 TOOLS USED:

1) Vertical drilling machine: This machine is used for performing drilling operation on MS
frame.

2) Hand Drilling machine: It is used for simple drilling operations such as that on wooden
platform for mounting of water tank and vacuum cleaning mechanism.

20
3) Portable Metal and Wood Cutter: It is used for cutting operation of rectangular cross
section bars for base frame, for cutting of shafts, for cutting of wooden plank for mounting.

21
3.3 FABRICATION

1) We started by preparing a rough sketch of the entire machine on paper and thus decided and
calculated the various dimensions.

2) Then we prepared complete 3D CAD model of the entire machine in order to visualize the
calculated dimensions.

3) Simulation of all the mechanisms of the model to demonstrate the working of mechanisms of
sweeping and mopping.

4) Then we collected all the scrap material required for fabrication of base frame and other
mechanisms such as rectangular MS bars, hollow shafts, etc and bought the other material
required for fabrication.

5) We measured and cut the material according to our required dimensions with the help of
portable metal cutter and wood cutter.

6) We welded the metal parts to be joined together.

7) Then using vertical drilling machine and potable drilling machine, we drilled all the holes
where parts are to be assembled by nut and bolt arrangement.

8) After that we prepared the flap mechanism, the mop mechanism, the water dripping
mechanism, the vacuum mechanism.

9) Assembly of all these mechanisms with proper motor mounting mechanism is done.

10) All the electrical connections are done and power source is applied.

11) The entire mechanism is tested for floor cleaning action

22
 CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSION

On the basis of testing of all the mechanisms of floor cleaning machine, we can

conclude that:

1) All the cleaning operations of sweeping, dust collecting, mopping can be

addressed together in a single pass using this machine.

2) The total time required for entire cleaning process is reduced considerably as all

the three operations of cleaning are performed simultaneously.

3) Large sized floors can be cleaned more often helping in maintaining public

hygiene.

4) Such all in floor cleaning machine can be proved as a successful commercial

product.

23
 CHAPTER 5

FUTURE SCOPE AND ALTERNATIVES

4.1 FUTURE WORK

 In today’s era, 95 percent of the cost of cleaning a floor is labor. Naturally, the
high cost of this simple task has inspired alternative solutions and that is Floor
cleaning machine.
 The floor cleaning machine can be made robotic and automatic with the help of
advanced sensors and electric circuitry.
 The machine can also be made remote controlled.
 Use of easily removable attachments can help in easy maintenance of the machine.
 Compact sized machines can be employed for cleaning work at households also.
Changes made prominently according to customer’s requirements, complaints,
comfort, etc

4.2 ADVANTAGES

 Cleaning and polishing can be done at same time.

 It consumes less cleaning liquid.
 Manual effort is reduced.
 Operating time is less.
 Power consumption is less.
 Design is very simple.
 Easy fabrication.
 Net weight is less.
 Maintenance cost less.
 Easy control of cleaning solution supply.
 It can be used in various floors.
 Smoother operation.

24
REFERRENCES

[1] http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/7606/1/2015_Design_Jena.pdf.

[2]https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8

&ved=0ahUKEwjdqteG0_rZAhVJMI8KHfSyBZoQFghRMAM&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcp.bmj.

com%2Fcontent%2Fjclinpath%2F14%2F1%2F32.full.pdf&usg=AOvVaw07UEHFLCrwb7X1T

qT-fEWh

25
IMAGES

26
27