Cosmetology Learning Module 11 – 12’

Properties of the Scalp and Hair

Page 1 of 2

Upon completion of this Cosmetology Learning Module the student will be able
to: name and describe the structures of the hair root; list and describe the three (3) layers
of the hair shaft; describe the three (3) types of side bonds in the cortex; describe the
hair growth cycles; discuss the types of hair loss and their causes; describe the various
options for hair loss treatment; recognize hair and scalp disorders commonly seen in the
salon and school, and know which can be treated by cosmetologists,; list and describe
the factors that should be considered in a hair and scalp analysis, with 90 % accuracy,
using the time necessary for the individual student's own learning pace. A total of two (2)
tests will be given during and upon the completion of this module.

* National Skill Standards:*

 Consulting with clients to determine their needs and preferences.
 Conducting services in a safe environment and taking measures to prevent the spread
of infectious and contagious disease.

To be completed:

1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, and PP-218 - 243.

2. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, Review Questions
PP 141, # 1 – 14.
3. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology Theory Workbook, Chapter 11,
PP 113 - 128.
4. Anticipation Guide.
5. Information Sheet # 1 – Terms to know
6. Science Learning Module 2.1 - Name and describe the structures of the hair
root and the three (3) layers of the hair shaft.
7. Science Learning Module 2.2 – Identify the Stages of Hair Growth.
8. Science Learning Module 2.3 - Causes and Treatments Options for Hair
Loss.
9. Science Learning Module 2.4 - Determine the Porosity of the Hair.
10. Science Learning Module 2.5 - Determine the Elasticity of the Hair.
11. Science Learning Module 2.6 - Determine the Texture of the Hair.
12. Science Learning Module 2.7 - Determine the Density of the Hair.
13. Test
14. Science Learning Module 2.8 - Identify Disorders of the Hair.
15. Science Learning Module 2.9 - Identify Disorders of the Scalp.
16. Outline of Chapter 11.
17. State Board Exam # 11.
18. Test
 Page 2 of 2

Research (optional)
[Remember one (1) research project must be completed per marking period].

19. Write a research paper concerning why a the cosmetologist must have a
knowledge and understanding of the structure and the chemistry of the hair.
Include in the discussion what services are affected by the lack of /or
possession of this knowledge. What are the consequences for lacking this
knowledge? What are the advantages for possessing this knowledge? The
paper must be at least four-(4) pages in length, double spaced, typed or
printed neatly (no cursive). At least three-(3) resources must be utilized and
a list of those resources attached using Citation Machine for
formatting.
Cosmetology Name: _____________________
Cosmetology Learning Module 11 – 12’ Page 1 of 1

Anticipation Guide

Prior to learning this chapter, answer each question on the left side of the page
with a yes or no response. At the end of this chapter answer each question on the right
side of the page with a yes or no response.

Yes/No Yes/No

______ Eating a well balance diet has no lasting effect on the hair. _____

______ Of the three layers of the hair shaft, the cortex is the strongest layer. _____

______ The main reason for hair is warmth and decoration. _____

______ Each hair strand has a blood and nerve supply. _____

______ If the hair root has living cells, then the hair shaft does also. _____

______ As hair dries, the hydrogen and salt bonds do not repair themselves. _____

______ An analysis of the hair is performed on every client receiving _____

a hair service.

______ All areas of the body contain hair follicles. _____

______ The lifespan of the hair is 2 years. _____

______ Hypertrichosis can be treated with electrolysis. _____

______ Dandruff is considered contagious. _____

______ Pediculosis capitis can be treated in the salon. _____

Cosmetology Information # 1
Cosmetology Learning Module 11 – 12’ Page 1 of 1

Properties of the Hair and Scalp-Terms to Know

albino furuncle pityriasis

alopecia hair bulb pityriasis capitis
alopecia areata hair cuticle pityriasis steatoides
alopecia premature hair density polypeptide chain
alopecia senilis hair elasticity postpartum alopecia
alopecia totalis hair follicle proteins
alopecia universalis hair porosity ringed hair
amino acids hair root salt bond
anagen phase hair shaft scutula
androgenic (androgenetic) alopecia hair stream
side bonds barba hair texture
super cilia canities helix
telogen effluvium capilli hydrogen bond
telogen phase carbuncle hydrophilic
terminal hair catagen phase hydrophobic
tinea cilia hypertrichosis

tinea favosa (tinea favus) COHNS elements keratinization

traumatic alopecia cortex lanthionine bonds
tricology cowlick malassezia
Trichoptilosis cysteine medulla
trichorrhexis Nodosa cysteine moniletrix

vellus hair (lanugo hair) disulfide bonds pediculosis capitis

wave pattern fragilis crinium whorl
peptide bond (end bond)
 Science Learning Module 2.1
Name and describe the structures of the hair root and
the three (3) layers of the hair shaft

Upon completion of the Science Learning Module the student will be able to name and
describe the structures of the hair root and the three (3) layers of the hair shaft, with 80%
accuracy, using the time necessary for the individual student's own learning pace. A test
will be given upon completion of Science Learning Modules 2.1 through 2.7.

To be completed:
1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, PP 220 - 224.
2. Worksheet #1 - Cross Section of Hair
3. Worksheet #2 - Side Bonds of the Cortex
4. Worksheet #3 - Side Bonds of the Cortex
5. Information Sheet # 1 - Properties of the Hair and Scalp-Terms to Know

Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

. 6. Create a hair strand model showing the various structures of the hair root and
hair shaft. It can be made out of Styrofoam cups/balls; construction paper,
yarn, pipe cleaners, felt, material etc. Be creative. The model must be at least
8" in height 4" in width.
7. Make a "shoebox" model of the structure of the hair. Be creative! Be sure to
label each part of the hair root and the hair shaft.
8. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing the structure of the hair root
and hair shaft. Include in your explanation why a cosmetologist must possess
this knowledge. The presentation must be 2 - 4 minutes in length, with an
introduction and a conclusion. A copy of the presentation must be given to the
instructor.
Cosmetology Name: _____________________
Cosmetology Science Learning Module 2.1 (within11 – 12’)
Worksheet #2 Page 1 of 1

Side Bonds of the Cortex Worksheet

Directions: Fill in three (3) facts about each of the three types of side bonds. Upon
completion of the three (3) facts, circle the common (similar) information
(facts).
Cosmetology Name: _____________________
Cosmetology Science Learning Module 2.1 (within11 – 12’)
Worksheet #3 Page 1 of 1

Side Bonds of the Cortex

Directions: Answer True or False to the following statements.

______ Once the side bonds are broken, they can never be repaired.

______ Permanent waving will not affect the salt bonds.

______ Of the three layers of the hair shaft, the cortex is the strongest layer.

______ As hair dries, the hydrogen and salt bonds do not repair themselves.

______ Hair lightener can cause breakage to the hair strand.

______ Even tap water can damage the hair strand.

______ Lanthionine bonds result in temporarily straightening the hair.

______ Permanent wave neutralizer is responsible for lasting curls.

______ Side bonds give the hair its strength and elasticity.

______ Wet sets will break the disulfide bond.

 Science Learning Module 2.2
Describe the Process of Hair Growth

Upon completion of the Science Learning Module the student will be able to
describe the process of hair growth, with 80% accuracy, using the time necessary for the
individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon completion of Science
Learning Modules 2.1 through 2.7.

To be completed:

1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, PP 227 – 229.

Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

2. Draw a poster depicting the growth and replacement of a single hair. The
poster must be at least 11" x 13" encompassing 90% of the paper.
3. Make a "shoebox" model of the growth of hair. Be creative! show exactly
how hair grows, falls, and reproduces.
4. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing the growth, and replacement
of hair. The presentation must be 2 - 4 minutes in length, with an introduction
and a conclusion. A copy of the presentation must be given to the instructor.

Research (optional)
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].

5. Write a research paper on the various techniques employed today to give the
illusion of having hair, and techniques used to actually grow hair. Include
products on the market, as well as, the various techniques used, and why
people go to all the bother and expense. The paper must be at least three-(3)
pages in length, double-spaced, typed or printed (not cursive) neatly. At least
three-(3) different resources must be utilized and a list of resources attached
using Citation Machine for formatting.
 Science Learning Module 2.3
Causes and Treatments Options for Hair Loss

Upon completion of this Science Learning Module the student will be able to
discuss the different types of hair loss and their causes; and describe the various options
for hair loss treatment, with 90% accuracy, using the time necessary for the individual
student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon completion of Science Learning
Modules 2.1 through 2.7.

To be completed:

1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, and PP-229 - 232.

2. Information sheet # 1 - The Causes of Excess Hair.

Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

3. Design a product to combat hair loss. Design a colorful client brochure that
explains your product and how it works to help stop the hair loss problem.
Describe how often the product is used and by whom it is applied (client or
hair designer?). It must have color and be realistic in its appearance and
advertisement claims.
4. Design and record a commercial advertising a product or technique
encouraging the growth or illusion of more hair. The recording can be either
audiotape or video tape. It must be 30 - 60 seconds in length. It can be done
alone or in a group with an explanation of every member's contributions.
5. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing the various structures that
make up an individual strand of hair, including its chemical composition,
causes of hair loss, treatments to be given and why as cosmetologist we need
to possess this knowledge. The presentation must be at least 5 -7 minutes
in length. A copy of the presentation must be given to the instructor.

Research (optional):
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].

6. Write a research paper on why some people lose their and it is never replaced
and others never loose their hair. Discuss natural, environmental, and
chemical and hereditary issues. The paper must be three-(3) pages in length
and double-spaced and typed or printed (not cursive) neatly. Utilize at least
three-(3) different resources and include a list of the resources attached using
Citation Machine for formatting.
 Science Learning Module 2.4
Determine the Porosity of the Hair

Upon completion of this Science Learning Module the student will be able to
determine the porosity of the hair, with 85% accuracy, using the time necessary for the
individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon completion Science
Learning Modules 2.1 through 2.7.

To be completed:

1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, PP 238 - 239.

2. Worksheet # 1 – Porosity.
3. Collect five (5) samples of hair strands. Attach to an 11" x 13" piece of paper
and determine and label the porosity of each sample.
[Keep these samples you will need for Science Modules 2.5, 2.6, and
2 2.7].
3 4. Make a chart depicting the various porosity levels and the type of perm (from
what we have in the school) to be used on each. The chart must be at least
11" x 13” encompassing 90% of the paper.
{This chart is combined with Cosmetology Science Learning Module
2.5 – Elasticity}

Research (optional):
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].

5. Write a research paper on the importance of understanding porosity, the effect

of chemicals and porosity, shampoos, conditioners, and styling aids and
porosity. The paper must be three-(3) pages in length, double-spaced, typed or
printed (not cursive) neatly. At least three-(3) different resources must be
utilized and a list of resources attached using Citation Machine for
formatting.
Definition: Classifications:

Haircutting
Considerations Texture services Test:
Haircolor

Porosity

Cosmetology Name: _____________________

Cosmetology Science Learning Module 2.4 (within 11 – 12)
Worksheet #1 Page 1 of 1

Place the correct information for Porosity in the boxes provided.

 Science Learning Module 2.5
Determine the Elasticity of the Hair

Upon completion of this Science Learning Module the student will be able to
determine the elasticity of the hair, with 85% accuracy, using the time necessary for the
individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon completion of Science
Learning Modules 2.1 through 2.7.

To be completed:

1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, PP 239.

2. Worksheet #1 – Elasticity.
3. Sample hair strands from Science Learning Module 2.4 - label the elasticity of
each sample.
[Keep these samples you will need them for Science Modules 2.4, 2.6
and 2.7].
4 4. Make a chart depicting the various elasticity levels and the color of perm rod
5 to be used on each. The chart must be 11" x 13" encompassing 90% of the
6 paper.
{This chart is combined with Cosmetology Science Learning Module
2.4 – Porosity}

Research (optional:
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].

5. Write a research paper on the importance of understanding elasticity, the effect

of chemicals and elasticity, shampoos, conditioners, and styling aids and
elasticity. The paper must be three-(3) pages in length, double-spaced, typed
or printed (not cursive) neatly. Art least three-(3) different resources must be
utilized and a list of resources attached using Citation Machine for formatting.
Definition: Classifications:

Haircutting
Considerations Texture services Test:
Haircolor

Elasticity

Cosmetology Name: _____________________

Cosmetology Science Learning Module 2.5 (within11 – 12’)
Worksheet #1 Page 1 of 1

Place the correct information for Elasticity in the boxes provided.

 Science Learning Module 2.6
Determine the Texture of the Hair

Upon completion of this Science Learning Module the student will be able to
determine the texture of the hair, with 85% accuracy, using the time necessary for the
individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon completion of Science
Learning Modules 2.1 through 2.7.

To be completed:

1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, PP 237.

2. Worksheet # 1 – Texture.
3. Sample hair strands from Science Learning Module 2.4 - Label the texture of
each sample.
[Keep these samples you will need them for Science Modules 2.4, 2.5,
and 2.7].

Research (optional):
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].

4. Write a research paper on the importance of understanding hair texture, the

effect of chemicals and texture, shampoos, conditioners, and styling aids and
texture. The paper must be three-(3) pages in length, double spaced, typed or
printed (not cursive) neatly. At least three-(3) different resources must be
utilized and a list of resources attached using Citation Machine for formatting.
Definition: Classifications:

Haircutting
Considerations Texture services Test:
Haircolor

Texture

Cosmetology Name: _____________________

Cosmetology Science Learning Module 2.6 (within 11 – 12’)
Worksheet #1 Page 1 of 1

Place the correct information for Texture in the boxes provided.

 Science Learning Module 2.7
Determine the Density of the Hair

Upon completion of this Science Learning Module the student will be able to determine
the density of the hair, with 85% accuracy, using the time necessary for the individual
student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon completion of Science Learning
Modules 2. 1 through 2.7.

To be completed:

1. Milady's' Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, PP 238.

2. Worksheet # 1 – Density.
3. Sample hair strands from Science Learning Module 2.4 - Label the density of
each sample.
[Keep these samples you will need them for Science Modules 2.4, 2.5,
and 2.6].

Research (optional):
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].

4. Write a research paper on the importance of understanding hair density, the

effect of chemicals and density, shampoos, conditioners, and styling aids and
density. The paper must be three-(3) pages in length, double spaced, typed or
printed (not cursive) neatly. At least three-(3) different resources must be
utilized and a list of resources attached
Cosmetology Name: _____________________
Cosmetology Science Learning Module 2.7 (within 11 – 12’)
Worksheet #1 Page 1 of 1

Place the correct information for Density in the boxes provided.

Definition: Classifications:

Haircutting
Considerations Texture services Test:
Haircolor

Density
 TEST

Science Learning Module 2.8

Identify Disorders of the Hair

Upon completion of this Science Learning Module the student will be able to
identify disorders of the hair, with 80% accuracy, using the time necessary for the
individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon the completion of
Science Learning Modules 2.8 through 2.9.

To be completed:
 1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, PP- 232 – 233.

Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

2. Make a chart of five disorders of the hair and their causes and treatments. The
chart must be at least 11" x 13” encompassing 90% of the paper.
3. Design a salon client brochure warning of disorders of the hair.
4. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing the disorders of the hair,

causes and treatments. The presentation must be 2 - 4 minutes in length

including an introduction and conclusion. A copy of the presentation must be
given to the instructor.

Research (optional):
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].

5. Write research paper on the effects, if any, on hair with disorders left
untreated. The paper must be three-(3) pages in length, double-spaced,
typed or printed (not cursive) neatly. At least three-(3) different resources
must be utilized and a list of resources attached using Citation Machine for
formatting.

Science Learning Module 2.9

Identify Disorders of the Scalp

Upon completion of this Science Learning Module the student will be able to
identify disorders of the scalp, with 98% accuracy, using the time necessary for the
individual student's own learning pace. A test will be given upon completion of Science
Learning Modules 2.8 - 2.9.
To be completed:

1. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology, Chapter 11, PP-233 - 236.

2. Information sheet # 1 - All about lice.
3. Information sheet # 2 - The pediculosis story.
4. Information sheet # 3 - What is a head louse?
5. Information sheet # 4 - Lice packet.

Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

6. Make a chart of three (3) diseases of the hair and scalp, their causes and
treatments. The chart must be at least 11" x 13” encompassing 90% of the
paper.
7. Design a salon client brochure warning of disease of the scalp and hair and
how to prevent contact.
8. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing the diseases of the hair and
scalp, causes and treatments. The presentation must be 2 - 4 minutes in
length includes an introduction and conclusion. A copy of the presentation
must be given to the instructor.

Research (optional):
[Remember you must complete one (1) research project per marking period].

9. Write a research paper on the effects, if any, on the hair and scalp with
diseases left untreated. The paper must be three-(3) pages in length, double-
spaced, typed or printed (not cursive) neatly. At least three-(3) resources
must be utilized and a list of resources attached using Citation Machine for
formatting.
 TEST

19. Hair Structure and Chemistry Simplified, (1993), Chapter 4, PP 31 – 47.

 20. Hair Structure and Chemistry Simplified, (1993), Chapter 4, Review
Questions, PP 47, # 1-7.

Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

21. Milady's Standard Textbook of Cosmetology Theory Workbook PP 21, write

definitions for 22 of the 43 Word Review vocabulary words.
22. Draw a poster depicting the different structures of the hair noting the
chemical composition of the hair itself. The poster must be at least 11" x 13"
in size encompassing 90% of the paper.
23. Give an oral presentation to the class demonstrating how to give a thorough
hair analysis. Explain why hair analysis is a crucial skill to learn for any hair
service. The presentation must be ten (10) minutes in length with an
introduction and a conclusion. A copy of the presentation must be given to
the instructor.

2. Hair Structure and Chemistry Simplified, (1993), Chapter 5, PP 49 - 65.

3. Hair Structure and Chemistry Simplified, (1993), Chapter 5, Review
Questions, PP 65, # 1 - 11.

5. Draw a poster showing and identifying the structures of the hair root and
shaft. The poster must be at least 11" x 13" encompassing 90% of the paper.

3. Make a chart using the information obtained form your five (5) samples of hair
and prescribe a shampoo from Matrix that we carry.
5. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing porosity and the importance of
analyzing the hair properly for any service. The presentation must be 2 - 4
minutes in length including an introduction and a conclusion. A copy of the
presentation must be given to the instructor.

Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

3. Make a chart using the information obtained from you five (5) samples of hair
and determine what, if any, chemicals services can be safely performed on the
hair.
5. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing elasticity and the importance
of analyzing the hair properly for any service. The presentation must be 2 - 4
minutes in length including an introduction and a conclusion. A copy of the
presentation must be given to the instructor.
Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

4. Make a chart using the information obtained from your five (5) samples of
hair and determine what size partings would be necessary to use for a
 permanent wave.
4. Make a chart of the various types of textures and their effects on any chemical
service. The chart must be at least 11" x 13” encompassing 90% of the paper.
5. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing hair texture and its effect on
chemical services. The presentation must be 2 - 4 minutes in length including
an introduction and a conclusion. A copy of the presentation must be given to
the instructor.

Must complete one (1) of the following projects:

3. Make a chart using the information obtained from your five-(5) samples of hair
and determine what size rods and partings would be necessary to use for a
permanent wave.
4. Make a chart of the various types of density and their effects on any chemical
service. The chart must be at least 11" x 13” encompassing 90% of the paper.
5. Give an oral presentation to the class discussing hair density and its effect on
chemical services and haircuts. The presentation must be 3 - 5 minutes in
length, including an introduction and a conclusion. A copy of the presentation
must be given to the instructor.