MA 106 - Quiz 1 Solutions- D2 T1

February 8, 2014

• Time : 40 Minutes • Maximum Marks : 6

1. Let V = {T |T : R2 → R2 is a linear transformation} (0.5 + 1 or 2)

Do exactly one of part (b) or (c). If both are done only (b) will be evaluated.

(a) Show that V is a vector space.

Sol: Let T1 , T2 ∈ V and v1 , v2 ∈ R2 . Then, (T1 +T2 )(v1 +v2 ) = T1 (v1 +v2 )+T2 (v1 +v2 ) = T1 v1 +T1 v2 +T2 v1 +T2 v2 =
(T1 + T2 )v1 + (T1 + T2 )v2 . Also if α ∈ R, then (αT1 )(v1 + v2 ) = α{T1 (v1 + v2 )} = (αT1 )(v1 ) + (αT1 )(v2 ). So, T1 + T2
and αT1 are also linear transformations from R2 → R2 and hence belong to V . So, V is a vector space.
(b) Let f1 , f2 ∈ V such that f1 ([x, y]T ) = [x, y]T and f2 ([x, y]T ) = [y, x]T , ∀[x, y]T ∈ R2 . Show that f1 and f2 are linearly
independent.
Sol: Let αf1 + βf2 = 0. So, (αf1 + βf2 )([x, y]T ) = [0, 0]T , ∀[x, y]T ∈ R2 . So, αx + βy = 0, ∀[x, y]T ∈ R2 . So the
matrix [α β] has nullity 2 and hence rank 0. So, α = β = 0. Hence, f1 and f2 are linearly independent.
(c) Find a basis of V.
Sol: A possible basis is {f1 , f2 , f3 , f4 }, where f1 ([x, y]T ) = [x, 0]T , f2 ([x, y]T ) = [0, y]T , f3 ([x, y]T ) = [0, x]T and
f4 ([x, y]T ) = [y, 0]T , ∀[x, y]T ∈ R2 . Proving linear independence and spanning property is left as an exercise. Notice
the one-one correspondence between the elements of V and the elements of R2×2 .
2. Let P2 (x) be the set of all polynomials in x of degree ≤ 2 including the 0 polynomial. Let f : P2 (x) → P2 (x) be such that
f (p(x)) = x2 p( x1 ), ∀p(x) ∈ P2 (x). (0.5 + 1 + 1 + 1)

(a) Show that f is a linear map.

Sol: Let p1 (x), p2 (x) ∈ P2 (x). f (p1 (x) + p2 (x)) = x2 (p1 ( x1 ) + p2 ( x1 )) = x2 p1 ( x1 ) + x2 p2 ( x1 ) = f (p1 (x)) + f (p2 (x)). Let
α ∈ R. Then, f (αp1 (x)) = x2 (αp1 ( x1 )) = αx2 p1 ( x1 ) = αf (p1 (x)). Hence f is a linear map.
(b) Choose B1 = {1, x, x2 } as a ordered basis for both domain and range. Write the matrix representation of f . Call this
matrix M1 . Calculate f (x2 − 5x − 1) using M1 .
Sol:  
0 0 1
M1 = 0 1 0
1 0 0
Vectorial representation of x2 − 5x − 1 is v = [−1, −5, 1]T . So, vectorial representation of f (x2 − 5x − 1) is M1 v =
[1, −5, −1]. Hence f (x2 − 5x − 1) = −x2 − 5x + 1.
(c) Find the matrix representation of f with B2 = {1, x, 1 + x2 } as ordered basis for both domain and range. Call the
obtained matrix M2 .
Sol:  
−1 0 0
M2 =  0 1 0
1 0 1

(d) Let P be a matrix whose ith column contains the coefficients obtained when ith element of B2 is expressed as a linear
combination of elements in B1 (preserve the order). Obtain P and express M1 in terms of P and M2 .
Sol:  
1 0 1
P = 0 1 0
0 0 1
The relation is given by M1 = P M2 P −1 .