Name date period Physical Science Unit 8 Atoms Chapter 4 1. Atomic Structure ~ timeline - Ancient - Democritus proposed the —a tiny solid particle that could not be 1904 ~ Ju. ~ discovered that atoms contained small, charged particles called 2, 1911-Ernest proposed that the atom had parts — the in the center (most of the mass) surrounded by the 1913 - Niels ~ hypothesized that traveled in fixed around the atom’s nucleus. 3. 1913 —James —concluded that the _contained positive and neutrat 1926 ~En aaa __~ developed the _ mechanical model — which is based on the wavelike properties of the {not a particle ~ leads to quantum physics). 4, 1927-Werner ~ (the Heisenberg uncertainty Principle) described that itis to know precisely both an electron’s and path at a given time. Led to the electron theory 5. Atoms-The particle that has the properties of an element. 6. Atomic Theory ~a) Every is made of tiny, unique, particles called that cannot be b) Atoms of the same are exactly . ¢) Atoms of elements can to form ou 7. Parts of an Atom - —small, dense of an atom made up of ___ subatomic particles that are almost in size and mass. have a positive charge. —have no charge 8. ~ are tiny particles that have very little that moves around the of the These particles are charged and form a” ”" around the nucleus. 9. The number of and an atom has is unique for each element. 10. Atomic ~ Atoms have overall charge because the (+) cancel out the 4. Helium 2 protons - 2neutrons - 0 2electrons - total charge1. 12, 13, 14, 15. 16. a. 18. Protons - (+) charge - Found in the ~ # of protons = # - The number of protons the element (atomic #) Neutrons - charge - Found in the ~ Along with protons makes up atomic Electrons - (A) charge - travel in {or energy levels) around the nucleus. (electron cloud) - electrons - the # of electrons in the outer shell = # Unit of, for atomic particles is Atomic mass unit (__ ) protons and neutrons = about ___ amu [electrons are about the size of 1 ) Chemical ~The one or two abbreviation of the element name. Number or Mass - the of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the ofan atom. - # of neutrons = mass #- # atomic mass the weighted - average of the mixture. of all an atoms ‘The average atomic mass is to the mass of its most. isotope. Isotopes - Atoms of the element that have a : Hof (identified by the element name followed by the mass # ) ex. C-12, C B-10, B. )Name t. Date Period Chapter 5: Periodic Table Guided Notes History of the Periodic Table A. Dmitri Mendeleev (1869, Russian) 1. Organized the elements on the periodic table by increasing 2. Predicted the existence of undiscovered elements. B. Henry Mosley (1913, British) Organized elements on the periodic table by increasing. 2. Fixed problems in Mendeleev’s arrangement. C. Periodic Law 1. Properties of elements repeat in a predictable way when are used to arrange elements into groups, Key Concept: How is the modem periodic table organized? Organization A. Metallic Character 1. Periodic table consists of: 7 a 2. The majority of the elements on the periodic table are classified as are elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat. 4, Except for mereury, metals are at room temperature 5. Most metals are (solid/liquid/gas). 6. generally have properties opposite to those of metals.