REVIEWER/ FORMULA SHEET GEOMETRY CHAPTER 3

I. Kinds of Transversals:

II. Slope
∆y 𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑦2 −𝑦1
Slope Formula: 𝑚 = = =
∆x 𝑟𝑢𝑛 𝑥2 −𝑥1

III. Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

Parallel Lines- // have same slopes: 𝑚1 = 𝑚2
−1
Perpendicular Lines- ⟂ have negative reciprocal slopes: 𝑚1 = 𝑚
2

III. Distance from Two Points:

Distance Formula: 𝑑 = √(∆x)2 + (∆y)2

IV. Distance from Point to Line:

Steps
1. Graph Line and Point
2. Find an equation of the line perpendicular (⟂) to the given line and passing through the given point.
−1
Remember: for perpendicular lines, 𝑚1 =
𝑚2

3. Locate the Point at which the perpendicular lines meet (intersection).  Get x and y using two equations,
two unknowns.
4. Use Distance formula to get distance between two points. Distance Formula: 𝑑 = √(∆x)2 + (∆y)2

𝐴𝑥1 + 𝐵𝑦1 + 𝐶
𝑑=
±√𝐴2 + 𝐵2
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 = 0
Ex: #4 (3,4), y= -x -> y +x + 0 = 0 A= 1, B=1, C=0 x1=3, y1=4