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Store Management
Store Management is an important aspect in a construction site. Material requirement should be calculated
and the orders should be placed in advance so that material is readily available when work begins. The site
stores in this site mainly manage receiving, issuing and storing of material and the maintenance of plant &
equipments.

Characteristics Of A Well Managed Store

Availability of materials whenever required

The storage quantity should neither be too much as it would increase the storage cost and the material may
get deteriorated. On the other hand the stock levels should not be too low as a material shortage may lead to
delays of the project. The optimum may vary from site to site, item to item or supplier to supplier. Yet it is a
good practice to keep one week’s requirement in stock.

Material should be stored in such a manner that they are easily accessible, not subjected to environmental
damages and would not obstruct the site traffic.

Using the FIFO basis in issuing materials whenever possible

A properly maintained recording system facilitating the preparation of usage reports, regular stock counts,
monitoring the inward and outward movements.

Documents maintained in the system

Goods Received Note (GRN)

After receiving a stock of material the Store Keeper would issue a GRN acknowledging the receipt. This has
to be authorized by the project engineer. The updating of the stocks ledger and the preparation of the weekly
reports are done using this.

Gate Pass

A gate pass is raised every time a site vehicle goes out of the site. This is issued either by a storekeeper or
by an engineer. Though the stores do not raise this strictly a gate pass would restrict unauthorized stock
transfers.

Material Requisition Note (MRN)

The subcontractors and any other person have to produce a MRN to get material from the stores. The form
has to be authorized by the supervisor in charge of the work. To facilitate the monitoring of the material usage
the supervisors keep a record of all the material issues authorized by them and produce a summary to the
engineer in charge. The details of all the issues are transferred to book on a daily basis and a summary is
used to update the Bin cards.

Purchase Order / Request Order Search This Blog

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When a particular work has to be started the engineer in charge of the work prepares a list of material
required. If the list includes items that are not in the site stores it will either be transferred from another site or
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purchased by the head office and transferred. This requisition is placed by through a purchase order
prepared by the engineer and includes all the details required to place the order. Posts

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Bin Card

This is maintained in the stores to record the movements of the stock level of all the items. A bin card is Follow by Email
maintained for each item in the site. The purpose of a bin card is to record the receipts and issues and the
stock level of the item at any moment can readily be found from this. The bin cards in this site serve the Email address... Submit

function of a stocks ledger. The updating of this is done using the entries of the material issues book.
Categories
Invoices
Building Construction (16)
When a supplier directly supplies goods to the site he will produce a copy of an invoice raised by him. The Building Projects (14)
invoices are filed and sent to head office for billing. The details are used to update a book of receipts as well Civil Projects (26)

as weekly material progress reports. Highway Engineering (31)

Laboratory Tests (7)
Material Storage. Method Of Statement (21)
Project Management (4)
More attention should be given to the material storage within the site premises. This should be done in order Quantity Surveying (2)
to prevent any damage, wastage and to maintain working delays. Each and every item should be labeled for Road Projects (29)
proper identification and also to handle easily. These labels should contain a brief description such as the Waste Water Engineering (7)
date of purchase, type, size etc. Every item at the store was insured. Also it should be easy to handle and
transport the materials to the required job from where it is stored. Popular Posts

Storing Of Fine & Course Aggregates. Field Density Test

The sand cone method is used
Storage of both fine and course aggregate should be related to the mixer position. And also it should be for field density test in our
highway construction. In the field,
considered the transport facilities to that place and the area to be used. the dry density test is carried out
for c...
The required concrete amount & the number of deliveries to the site will determine the size of the storage
METHOD OF INTERNAL & EXTERNAL
spaces. Various sizes of Course aggregates should be stored separately to avoid mixing them together. PLASTERING ON BRICK WALLS &
CONCRETE SURFACES
Storing Of Cement. Method of Plastering. Internal plastering on
surfaces of brick and concrete. External wall
plastering. Soffit plastering / So...
Cement should be stored on a stage raised above the floor level to avoid hardening due to dampness of the
floor. Cement bags should not be stored one over the other more than 8 bags. It is better to keep about 9” Flakiness Index Test
distance between cement stock and the walls. Cement stocks should use before 4 months. When using The flakiness index of
aggregates is determined by the
cement it should issue earlier stocks previously. percentage of flaky particles
contained in it. For base course,
and constructio...
Storing Of Reinforcement.
Method of Plastering
Care should be taken when storing steel (reinforcement) to avoid mixing them with different sizes of steel Method of Plastering Internal
bars and different sizes. The different diameter of steel bars & various types were placed in separately on plastering on surfaces of brick
and concrete. External wall
racks. They should be prevention form corrosion & free oil and mud. For this purpose reinforcement should plastering. Soff...
be stored in a covered place.
Survey & levelling
Storing Of Tools. Preliminary work in road
construction is surveying &
leveling works. This consists of
Tools and equipments should be stored with security. This is because of these items are small and valuable. Traverse Survey, TBM Survey,
Workers use tools and small equipments sequently. Therefore these should be stored inside the stores where and Centre Li...
it can be reached easily. These tools and equipments should maintain well otherwise they cannot be used for
METHOD OF BRICK MASONRY WORK
a long time. Description Brick walls will be built for internal
partition & as well as perimeter walls of the
building. All brick walls will be con...
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Setting Out
Setting out is done to locate the position of the
structural parts as in the detailed drawing with
Machinery At Site geometrical construction. The setti...

Rock Blasting
Machinery Use At Road Project 1. Introduction and General
Information This method
There are many operations to be done in a construction project. Such as demolishing excavation of Earth, statement provides the details of
the materials, the equipment, the
transport of material, cleaning etc. for that, most of these operation machines are used Different machines procedure and re...
are used difference purpose.
Foundation Part 02
Excavation For Pile Cap Shoring
The selecting of machinery is done accordingly is provided around the proposed
pile cap with 600mm working
Nature of work space. Excavation is carried out
up to certai...
Method of construction
Method Statement for Culvert Construction
Time allowed for the work
1. Introduction and General Information This
method statement consists of construction of
Earth Moving Equipment culverts, including material & machineries to...

Almost all civil engineering project, start with earth excavating work on earth filling even for project where
only earth filling is involved. It is necessary to excavate earth from other location for that various types of
machines equipment general used such as,

Excavators Total Pageviews

Excavators are very popular earth machine equipment it is mainly using for demolishing work & excavation. 319,153
There are two types of the feet excavators.

Hydraulically powered excavators

Cable excavators

Hydraulically powered excavators

The conventional shovel excavators are being improved upon to provide all hydraulic operation. The
advantage of powered excavators over the conventional shovel excavators are given below. The dead weight
of the bucket or the boom does not come in to play. The power for excavators is derived from the trust of
double acting hydraulic Ram. As the result of this the weight of the machine is reduced the rely increasing the
powered, weight rate. Because of better power, weight ratio the machine can operate on surface like rock,
frozen clay, sifts or boggy Soil. It is efficient & easy to control & give a shock tree operation. It reduces the
service cost & operation cost.

Motor Grader

The motor grader is equipment used for leveling & finishing earth work It is particularly suited for
maintenance of earthed roads The various attachments of grader are given below

The Blade : It is cured like the door blade & is fitted with replaceable edges on the sides & at the bottom.

The clarifier : It is a tool loosening hard soft. It can be attached in the front or in the rear of the machine

The Elevator : This helps the grader to pick up the cut material. This picked up material. Dropped over an
inclined belt conveyor The. Attachment conveyor transmits the material in to carrier unit

Rollers : There are attached to there of the grader to consolidate the graded surface. For grading the
machine mares forward & the steering is controlled by the steering wheel.

The following operation can be preformed the grader:

Grading
Spreading
Side crowing
Road cutting
Bank dressing
Mixing material

Backhoe Loader (J.C.B)

This type of machine is basically built up around a heavy duty industrial tractor with special purpose chassis.
The engine is a water closed diesel of Approximately 60 H.P The front-end backhoe – attachments are fully
hydraulically pearled

The front end loader attachment is suitable for loading tucks & tractor frailer etc. from stockpiles. It can also
be used for light duly escalation jobs,

Knelling & maintenance of the road should be etc.

The front-end share has a capacity of 0.9 m3 & with a maximum loading height of 3.2m

The backhoe loading attachment is especially useful for cutting & cleaning work, earth spreading work, drain
& culverts & medium duty digging jobs

The maximum digging depth is 4.3m & the maximum reach at the ground level is 5.5m with stander arm.

JBC Backhoe Loader

Earth compaction equipment

Earth compaction is one to the most important civil engineering construction processes. Encountered in the
fled of constructor. For that various type of machines equipment used in our site such as, In the site, soil is
compaction by using following mentioned
Pages
Tandem, double drum (ride on)
Home
Two drums exert the compaction effort, one drum behind the other they are also available in rigid articulated Method Statements
frame Feild Tests
Laboratory Formats
Double drum, walk behind Document Fomats
About
The compaction effort is erected by two drums & this is also available both in rigid & articulated frame In the
BS Code
rigid frame type the chassis of the frame of the machine is made as a single rigid unit. In articulated frame
type the chassis or the farm is made of two units & these two units are pirated at a point between the two
axles of the machine, Such that the frame could rotate in a horizontal plane through the pivot. One of the
main advantages of the articulated type is that, such a machine can turned in a small area than a rigid frame
type.

Double Drum

Pneumatic tired rollers (PTR)

Pneumatic tired roller are available in varying size form I tones to 200 tones. These may to tow or self
propelled. These each axis consist four to Nine types. The axis are arranged in such a way that the gaps in
front wheels are covered by rear wheel s this priding a complete coverage. Pneumatic tired rollers are used
to compact sugared asphalt work bases of airfields & some times in earth dams.

Pneumatic Tired Roller

The compacting ability of this type depends on

Air pressure of tires

Width of tires
Number of tires
Weight of the unit

In recently developed models the type pressure can be changed without a topping the machine, thus varying
the computing ability.

Rammers

Rammers are used to compact soil in restricted small areas. The most common type in the frog rammer. The
comp active force is generated by dropping weights the weight of rammers vary from 70 lbs to 3cwt. There
are frog rammers weighting up to one tone they are operated either by interval combustion engines or by
pneumatic power.

Rammer

Vibratory Rollers

The application of vibratory rollers in soil compaction has become popular in the recent past the first towed
type vibratory rollers have been manufactured in the 1940’s. In 1960’s its popularity rose sharply due to rapid
advancements made in this connection today vibratory rollers have experienced outstanding success both in
granular & cohesive soil’ A rotating out of balance weight produces the vibrations in this type of rollers.

The static weight of the drum applies a compaction force by inducing vibrations of that drum the compaction
trace is increased this vibrating force is used to over come fractural & cohesive resistance of the material
being compacted, thus aching a greater density.

The vibrating rollers are available with smith drum, sheep-fast drum or with pad foot drum however smith
vibratory rollers are not recommended for compacting by a separate engine.

Asphalt Paver Finisher

A paver finisher is a machine for laying asphalt for road construction to give accurate depth, even levelling
and good surface finish before rolling. We can use Paver for sub base or ABC work. But our site they have
not used. But it is compared to the motor grader method, is found more suitable, because,

Better and easier respect of levels, both longitudinal and transverse.

Improved homogeneity of the plant prepared mix.
Uniform pre-compaction.
Improved adherence of asphaltic courses.

The paver can easily handle asphalt and all asphalt mixes, coated and uncoated materials, crushed stones
and dry lean concrete, in fact all road making materials other than wet concrete. This is the equipment used
for paving road surface with asphalt. The paver should be capable of spreading finishing and providing initial
compaction of the asphalt mix. It should be able spread the mix to correct lines, grades levels, dimensions
and cross section intended, either over the entire width or part of widths as case may be.

Asphalt Paver

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CRACK TREATMENT OF THE ASPHALT BINDER COURSE

Main Break Water(MBW) access road occurs several cracks on the asphalt binder course. The road cracks are monitored and
investigated with specialist from RDA Research & Development. This report describes the reason and remedial method of the cracks
based on the investigation and consultation.

MBW access road structure consists of fallowing cross section and the core samples have been taken on the cracks.

According to core sample data, can be observed that the crack was started from CBM and
reflected to the binder course surface.

CRACK INVESTIGATION

The crack survey carried out for the entire road and investigation detail summarized as an
attached sheet. Core samples were taken from the jointly selected locations with the engineer.
MBW access road cracks were categorized into two types based on crack surface
appearance.

Transverse cracks
Longitudinal cracks

Transverse cracks

Transverse cracks were occurred as a perpendicular to the road center line. These cracks are
reflecting from the CBM layers.

According to core sample data, can be identified the fallowing crack types was
happened.
Some of cracks were occurred from CBM 2st layer and reflected to the binder
course surface.
Other cracks are started from CBM bottom layer (1st layer) and reflected to the
binder course.

Longitudinal cracks

Longitudinal cracks were occurred as a parallel to the road centerline and which was
happened due to the reflection of the CBM longitudinal joint.

PROPOSAL FOR REPAIR OF CRACK

Proposal of the crack repairing method is introduced by specialist from RDA Research &
Development.

Three conditions for reflection cracks on CBM :

Cracks in the base layer must be wide enough to generate stress conditions in the
asphalt surface.
There is no method available to relieve the stress concentrations.
The asphalt is brittle enough to crack due to upwards propagation of the stress
concentration.

In most cases, reflection cracks are narrow (less than 3mm) and will not adversely affect the
performance of the pavement. But all the cracks on MBW access road will be treated to
prevent from the possibility of propagation.

As per the specialist’s proposal, Geo-Fabric material will be applied along the cracks of the
binder course before laying the wearing course in accordance with manufacturer’s
instructions.

CRACK REPAIRING

Proposed Material

Polyfelt (PGM-G 50/50) to be used, material details is in Appendix

Manpower

Supervisor
Skilled Labours
Unskilled Labours

Sequence

Methodology

Identify the crack locations and properly cleaning by air compressor.

Bring the notification to the site representative of the Engineer.

The binder surface is thoroughly cleaned and free from all the traces of dust and any of
unsound materials.

Cut the Ploy paving Fabric (PGM 50/50) for required length of the crack and 0.5m offset from
the crack as following the sketch.

Apply the tack coat on the dry surface of the binder course. More details are attached the appendix document.

Install the Polyfelt PGM 50/50 and tensioning of the paving fabrics to prevent wrinkles.

Immediately after PGM installation and apply the second tack coat for asphalt wearing course.

Laying the asphalt wearing course.

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Process Analysis For– Asphalt Concrete Surfacing and Concrete Structures

Process Analysis For– Asphalt Concrete Surfacing

Process Analysis For Concrete Structures

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Civil Engineering Typical Drawings : Kerbs

Types of kerbs and their dimensions

Download Here

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Construction of Bridge

The major materials used for the construction of bridge, but are not limited to the following.

Cement
Sand
Aggregate
Water
Reinforcements
Fly wood sheets
Embankment Filling Materials (Type 1 or Type 2)
Sub-base Materials
Rock Fill
Gunny Bags
Concrete
Guard rails
Guard posts
Kerbs
Paving slabs

Equipment

The major equipment used for the construction of the Bridge includes, but are not limited to the following.

JCB, and/or Backhoes, and/or Excavator

Dump Trucks
Tractor & Trailer
1.2 tone vibratory rollers
Rammers / Plate Compactors
Poker Vibrators
Truck mixtures
Sampling & Testing Equipment
Total Station & Auto Level
Truck Crane
Generator
Compressor
Other minor tools

Safety Management and Control

Safety precaution will be taken complying with the Road Work Traffic Control Manual.

Method and Procedures

After demolition and removing the existing bridge and repositioning the existing services as agreed with the Engineer,
setting out will be carried out with the help of the survey data provided in the approved working drawings using total
station. Engineer will be requested to inspect & approve the setting out.
Excavation will be started up to required level as per drawings or directed by the Engineer while providing path to flow
water of the existing stream. and the preparing the surface.
Screed concrete will be done after preparing the bed. Form works & re bar fixing will be done for all wing wall bases.
After getting approval for re-bar fixing & form works, base concreting will be done.
Form works for wing wall will be done up to 150 mm level and wall concreting will be carried out.
A rock fill layer will be laid up to required level noted on the construction drawings or directed by the Engineer at the
bottom of the box base and the layer will be compacted using 1.2 tone rollers. The bed surface under the bottom of the
box will be well prepared and the Engineer will be requested to inspect & approve.
After getting approval for the bed surface, bottom screed concrete will be laid and the slope of the bed surface down to
the existing stream will be maintained according to the Engineer’s instruction.
Form-works, re-bar fixing for box bottom slab and concreting will be carried out accordingly, after having the Engineer’s
approval for concreting.
Concreting of walls will be done in two steps, the first step is form-work, re-bar fixing & concreting will be done up to half
of the total height of the wall, and the remaining will be in the second step. In the second step, the finish level of the wall
will be 100 mm down from the box top slab bottom level.
Form-works, re-bar fixing & concreting will be done as per the drawing issued by the Engineer.
After finishing the top slab, concreting of wing wall will be carried out. Form-works for wall will be done in three steps
providing weep holes as directed by the Engineer or minimum of 1500 mm spacing.
Stone lining with 50 ~ 200 graded rock will be done before starting backfilling.
1.13 After completing the back filling, concreting of end pilaster & fixing of hand rails will be done. Then after all
miscellaneous works will be started and complete construction of the Bridge.

Quality Control

To ensure that the steps of the procedure are fully complied with the activities such as setting out, excavation, formwork, re-bar
fixing, concreting, backfilling etc. certain inspections and verifications will be carried out as described in the above procedures.

Measurement Control

Cement concrete shall be measured in cubic meters of each class of concrete placed and excepted and shall confirmed to quantities
given in drawings except for amendments approved by the Engineer.

The quantities of reinforcing steel and other items shown in the contract documents which are included in the completed and
accepted structures shall be measured for payments as separate items involved unless otherwise specified.

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Quality management methods

Quality Plan Processes

With Reference to the PDCA cycle as the basic concept of quality management system, that emphasizes the continuous
improvement in quality towards zero defects through the processes of Plan, Do, Check and Action.

Quality Standards

ISO 9001 - Quality Management Standard

ISO 9001 is the internationally recognised standard for the quality management of businesses.

ISO 9001

applies to the processes that create and control the products and services an organisation supplies

prescribes systematic control of activities to ensure that the needs and expectations of customers are met

is designed and intended to apply to virtually any product or service, made by any process anywhere in the world

Quality tools

Some of the recommended tools and techniques that can be used in quality management include: kaizen, Six Sigma, Pareto charts,
fishbone diagrams and hoshin kanri, in addition to 5S and total quality management process.

Responsibility Of Management

To provide a quality product and service at an affordable price and on time, in the execution of construction projects and in the
manufacture of related products with the support of the suppliers and in total harmony with the society and the environment

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Construction of Bridges

Materials

The major materials used for the construction of bridge deck, but are not limited to the following.

Concrete (Gr 30/20)

Reinforcement
Form work & falls work

Equipment

The major equipment used for the construction of the Bridge deck includes, but are not limited to the
following.

Truck mixtures
Sampling & Testing Equipment
Total Station & Auto Level
Truck Crane/ Mobile crane
Generator
Compressor
Other minor tools
Porker vibrator

Safety Management and Control

Safety precaution will be taken complying with the Road Work Traffic & Safety Manual. Every precaution will
be taken to avoid any accidents & damages to adjoining properties, workers, and road users.Deck slab
concreting will be poured by directly from tuck mixer by standing on the existing bridge & will maintain the
required thickness. Existing Bridge will be closed time to time with help of local Police.All workers will be
advised to wear helmets, boots, and gloves while working. There will be a stand by vehicle near site always
if needed in a case of accident. The safety officer inspects several times to inspect safety matters.

Method and Procedures

The method and procedures for the construction of bridge deck will follow the steps below.

Deck Slab Concrete

As shown in the Drawing falls work will be arranged and form work will be fixed to the correct levels for the
deck slab and reinforcement will be tied up as per the keeping required cover to the reinforcement.

Request Engineer or Quality Assurance Manager to inspect the reinforcement and form work and getting
approval concreting will start.

Deck slab concreting will be poured by directly from tuck mixer by standing on the existing bridge & will
maintain the required thickness.

Following day side form work will be removed and curing will be done 7days.

Form work will be removed and traffic will be allowed only after 28 days.

Finishing work of the Bridge.

Once construction completed up to deck level Bridge kerb, end pilasters, up right and hand rails will be fixed.
Then after all miscellaneous work will be started and complete construction of the Bridge.

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Rectification of Damage Wearing Course

Materials
The major materials used for rectification of defective wearing course, but are not limited to the following.

CRS 1
Asphalt

Equipment

The major equipment used for rectification of defective wearing course, but are not limited to the following.

Asphalt cutter
Double drum roller
PTR
Lorry

Safety Management and Control

Safety precaution will be taken complying with the Road Work Traffic Control Manual. Every
precautions will be taken avoid any damages to adjoining properties.

Method and Procedures

Following procedure will be used to rectify the damaged wearing course.

The locations of the defective places will be observed and find out jointly with Engineer.

Then the cut wearing course to a width of 500 mm using Asphalt cutter and remove existing
wearing course.

The cutting to be done continually to include all small patches ( cracks ) as to suit site condition.

The tack coat will be spread evenly and lay hot mix asphalt according to the slope and levels.

Then the steel plate roller and PTR applying consequently to get the required density.

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PROJECT QUALITY CONTROL: RESPONSIBILITIES

SENIOR PROJECT MANAGER

Responsible for Attending Management Review Meetings and progress review meetings.
Responsible for timely valuation of work and submission of the invoice to the client.
Attending meeting with Client / Engineer and inform the matters discussed to the Director and site staff for
the necessary action.
Organizing and reviewing 5-S program at site.
Taking responsibility for reviewing supplier /Sub-contractor performance and reporting at Management
meetings.
Reviewing and approving work plans prepared by Construction Manager.
Monitoring the standards of workmanship of employees & Providing Work Instruction to the staff including
skilled and unskilled workers.
Collecting and forwarding data relating training needs of the staff members for management review meetings
when necessary.
Initiating Training of Personnel and establishing and maintaining records of training given to the employees of
all categories.
Fixing responsibility on lapses and giving verbal or written warning to the particular employee.

PROJECT MANAGER
Responsible for planning & monitoring, of construction programme in accordance with master program.
Prepare monthly construction programmes.
Represent meeting with the client/ Engineer relating to the Planning matters.
Prepare material requirement schedule as per the project plan in consultation with the Project Manager.
Submission of daily work program, inspection / test plan to the Engineer.
Control the progress and quality of works.
Setting monthly and weekly targets to the subordinates.
Overall safety management of the site.
Monitoring progress against the master program.
Ensuring conduct of work according to project specification and drawings.
Over looking implementation of Quality Assurance Systems related to works.

PLANNING & MATERIAL ENGINEER

Responsible for performing all test related in approval sources.
Engaged in field testing and preparation of test reports daily.
Perform regular testing of materials as specified in the specifications.
Preparation of monthly test summary for monthly progress report.
Represent meeting with the client/ Engineer relating to the Quality assurance matters.
Responsible for the site Quality checks of all materials used for permanent works.
Random checking for dimensions and accuracy of the formwork, reinforcement and etc. prior to concreting/
before the consultant’s inspection.
Report at management review meetings on Quality matters and authorisation and amendments to Site
Quality Assurance Procedures in consultation with the Project Manager.
Reviewing and control of work instructions and forms.
Holding master copies of all quality related documents.
Approval and maintenance of suppliers’ list to Identifying the type and frequency of inspection and tests to be
carried out on material during and after production and instructing laboratory officer with respect to same.
Responsible for the timely calibration of testing machines and equipments Also Reviewing equipment
calibration/service record cards monthly Identifying non conforming equipment and taking action on labelling
same.
Retaining brochures, manuals or other documents supplies by the manufactures of inspection testing and
measuring equipment.
Responsible for giving non conformity report for improper site works.
Taking responsibility for the evaluation of corrective procedures and closing of non conformities.
Identifying the problems relating to the quality of the product or the site quality management system.
Taking over all responsibility for identifying and initiating training Programmes on quality system.

ENVIRONMENTAL & SAFETY OFFICER

Identification of key activities and relevant EMAP areas.
Preparation of EMAP.
Routing checks to conform weather the issues are mitigated in the prescribed manner.
Arranging training programs to develop skills of the staff
Preparation of list of obstructions such as trees / archaeological monuments which are to be disturbed by the
construction
Reporting of construction activities which are adversely affecting to the environment to the Project Manager &
senior highway engineer for advising site staff.
Take day to day actions to answer the short term environmental issues and guide the relevant persons
accordingly.

Implement the quality control documentation procedures for all activities and maintain a recording system
Maintenance of environmental related documentations and formats.
Follow the traffic management procedures introduced in the EMAP.
Provide safety precautions where necessary especially at night.
Make sure correct safety gears are using all the time by the works
Taking prior approval for traffic management from relevant authorities

MECHANICAL FORMAN
Maintenance of machinery in good condition as per the service schedule.
Check and maintenance of the quality of out put of the machine to control the negative impacts such as
noise, smoke...etc

SURVEYOR
Responsible for all surveying work.
Surveying and Setting outs of road centre line & cross sections in every 10 m interval or at closer interval
when road has horizontal curves.
Engaged in field surveying and preparation of surveying books daily.
Perform frequency checking about the control points as specified in the specifications.
QUANTITY SURVEYOR
· Responsible for preparing and Timely submission of monthly Interim Statements.
· Responsible for preparing rate break downs for new work items and unit rates in consultation with the Project
Manager.
· Responsible for joint measurements of all construction.
· Material reconciliation for every billing period
· Measurements of Sub-contracts work and certification of their works
· Supervision of preparation of measurements for certificate of approvals daily and submit to the Consultant for
approvals

TECHNICAL OFFICERS
· Prepare Work schedules and detailing the subordinating staff.
· Delegation and instructing sub contractors for qualitative & quantitative production as per the master
construction program.
· Responsible for the road works of the construction with quality requirements & safety of all machinery,
Equipment & men at site.

· Checking for dimensions and accuracy of the moulds at pre determined intervals for the compliance with the
tolerance limits.
· Organizing and scheduling of customer/ client inspection of items, which require prior approval.
· Joint Inspection of all road works and getting the approval from the consultant/ client.
· Prepare daily work plan and detailing the subordinating staff and sub contractors.

SUPERVISORS
· Attending the Site Meetings and delegating/ explaining to the workers the maters relating to the respective area
of work.
· Assisting the Site engineer/Technical officers for the execution of work & timely completion of the works.

· Checking dimensions, levels and accuracy of the field works before starting the work against the check lists.

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Slurry sealing

Materials
The major materials used for slurry sealing work, but are not limited to the following.
Aggregate
Filler ( Portland cement )
Emulsion ( CSS 1)
Water

Equipment
The major equipment used for the slurry sealing, but are not limited to the following.
Plate Compactors
Tractor & Trailer
Other minor tools

Man power
Man power used for the access construction, but are not limited to the following.
Technical Officer
Skilled Labours
Unskilled Labours

Safety Management and Control

Safety precaution will be taken complying with the Road Work Traffic Control Manual. Every precautions will be taken avoid any
damages to adjoining properties.

Method and Procedures

Following procedure will be used to slurry sealing on the embankment. See flow chart at Appendix A.
All loose material, mud spots, vegetation and other objectionable material will be removed immediately prior to applying the slurry.
After the preparation of existing surface, a tack coat of diluted emulsion using CSS-1 with water in the ratio of 1:3 will apply at a rate
of 0.25 l/m2 – 0.5 l/m2, 15- 30 minutes before application the slurry seal.
Materials will be set according to the design and composition of the slurry mix (Table 6.1) and to the grading requirement (Table 6.2)
for aggregate.

Design and composition of the slurry mix

Aggregate 98%
Filler 2%
Emulsion 13%
Water 13%

Grading requirement for aggregate.

Sieve size Percentage by mass of
total aggregate passing
test sieve
3/8 in (9.5mm) 100
No.4 (4.75 mm) 100
No.8 (2.36 mm) 90-100
No.16 (1.18 mm) 65-90
No.30 (600mm) 40-60
No.50 (300mm) 25-42
No.100 (150mm) 15-30
No.200 (075mm) 10-20

The Portland cement will be mixed firstly with the fine aggregate thoroughly using shovels.

Then course aggregate will be add to the above mix and rework.

Half of the estimated quantity of water will add to the aggregate cement mix and will mix to achieve a uniform consistency using
shovels.

The material obtained from the previous step will make in to a form of an inverted cone with a depression in the middle. The
emulsion (CSS-1) will pour into this depression and mixed immediately using shovels.

Addition of emulsion is done in two equal.

The balance water will be add and mixed thoroughly to achieve slurry of uniform consistency for easy spreading.

Cracks will be sealed using above mix with a rate of application of 3.3-5.4 kg/m2.

30 min minutes after leveling the layer will be compacted using a wooden tamper to obtain a uniform surface with even texture and
to expedite the setting time of emulsion.

Then two hour after the commencements of the trials the layer will be compact using a plate vibrator.

Newly constructed area will open for normal vehicular traffic after completion of the above compaction with a minimum speed
15kmph.

No comments:

ASPHALT PAVING, TRANSPORTING, PLACING & COMPACTING Part 01

Preparation of Surface
The layer to be primed shall be cleaned of all loose and deleterious material by means of a rotary broom and/or hand brooms or
other approved means. The brushing force shall be sufficient to dislodge all adhering material without damaging the pavement
surface. Scale, clay and other foreign material shall be removed by hand where instructed. The exposed surface shall be kept moist
up to the time of spraying. If the moisture content is too high to permit full penetration of the prime coat in the opinion of the Engineer
the Contractor shall delay prime coat application until the moisture content is satisfactory for full penetration as instructed by the
Engineer.
The surface shall be prepared in this manner to expose a hard tight mosaic of large aggregate in the base course. Hardened
impervious films or layers of compacted fine material over the larger aggregate shall be removed by approved by the Engineer.
Preparation of road surface for paving with asphalt includes:
close inspection followed by any necessary correction of the existing surface,
Cleaning of the surface,
Pre-treatment of the surface, usually by tack coating and
Provision for traffic during the course of the work.
Transport and Delivery of the Hot Asphalt Mixture
The method of transport is to be such as to minimize the loss of heat, segregation of the mix and contamination with foreign matter.
Delivery should be at a uniform rate within the capacity of the spreading and compacting equipment. Waiting time and delays on the
site should be minimized.
Haulage Vehicles
Trucks for transporting the mix should have clean, smooth, metal tipping bodies with a minimum capacity of 6 tones, to conserve
heat. They should be providing with heavy duty waterproof covers to further reduce heat losses and to protect the material from rain
and also be provided with suitable tailgates to permit controlled discharge without spillage.
When haulage over long distances is required truck bodies may have to be suitably insulated. Trucks should be as large as
practicable, and their bodies deep, for better heat retention. The trucks should be filled sufficiently to minimize heat loss and
segregation during transport and to reduce costs.
Release Agents
It is important that the internal surfaces of truck bodies be clean to prevent the mix from adhering. Release agents such as diesel or
stone dust should be used sparingly. Truck bodies should be tipped before loading to ensure removal of any excess liquid release
agents or water.
Organization
Transport operations should be arranged in a manner to allow continuous placing of the mix, having regarded to:
The number of haulage vehicles available;
Meal breaks;
The haulage distance to the work site, and
The times at which the mix can be placed, due to site availability.

Placing the mix

Placing to shoulders
Asphalt truck had reached to the site that would direct toward asphalting section. Then lay mat bottom of truck opening for collecting
wasted asphalt. Then asphalt is supplied to shoulders by means of excavator bucket and placed it around 5m intervals. After that
asphalt are spread out by labours. Before use the bucket was applied oil. Manually laid the asphalt over the shoulder according to
section

Hand Work
If the paver is adjusted and operated correctly, and the asphalt mix is well designed, little hand work should be required. Shovelling,
raking or other disturbance of the surface after machine spreading has taken place should be kept to a minimum. Segregation of the
coarser particles is the greatest danger with hand work and care must be taken to ensure the mix is not moved excessively by hand
methods. Hand laying should be done by placing the asphalt in position and spreading from the centre using the back of a rake. The
asphalt should never be thrown scattered, or raked. Any segregated coarse particles should be removed and not returned to the top
of the layer.

No comments:

Method Statement for ABC Construction

Aggregate Base Coarse
Materials
Aggregate Base Course. (0-40mm)
Water
Equipment
The major equipment used for the laying of ABC works and compaction, but are not limited to the following.
JCB, and/or Backhoes
Bob Cat
Dump Trucks
Rollers
Motor Grader
Rammers / Plate Compactors
Water Bowser
Sampling & Testing Equipment
Auto Level, Straight Edge & Wedge
Other minor tools
Man Power
Man Power used for the Aggregate Base course works includes, but are not limited to the following.
Site Engineer
Technical Officers
Supervisors
Labours
Safety & Traffic controllers
Safety Management and Traffic Control
All workers will be advised to wear helmets, boots, and gloves while working. There will be a stand by vehicle near site always if
needed in a case of accident. The safety officer inspects several times to inspect safety matters.
Method and Procedures

ABC Indication in drawing

General
Once the Sub base is completed ABC 1st layer will be spread over the widening part and on the existing pavement of the total width
of 9.0 m.

Aggregate Base Course construction will be done half of the road way at a time and other side permits to go vehicles with out any
disturbance.

Before starting the ABC construction both side shoulder preparation will be done for some extend to avoid the wasting of ABC and to
shift away of aggregates at the edge compacting.

Where (0-40 mm) ABC material has to be spread on a sub-base, the surface of sub-Base should be cleared from any extraneous
matter and where the ABC is laid over an existing bituminous pavement, the surface will be lightly scarified and scarified material will
be cleaned before laying the base course.

ABC will be spread by using of JCB or Motor grader for 1st layer and the final layer will be spread by motor grader.

The ABC material will be spread after checking all necessary testing, which will be given in specifications and the material will be mix
with water at the yard and well saturated material will be transported to the site.

After checking the underlying layer for damages or deficiencies, ABC will be spread in layers not exceeding 200 mm & the length of
spreading will be 500m or less at a time and compaction will be done by 17 Tons roller.

Before starting the compaction, required water content will be added and mixed ABC with the help of a water bowser, motor grader
and compaction will be started using suitable roller depending on the layer thickness. Any areas of segregated course and fine
material will be corrected by re-mixing, removing or replacing with well graded material.

Rolling will be carries out by a series of overlapping longitudinal passes working from the edge towards the center, in the super
elevated section where the rolling will be proceed from the lower edge to the higher edge. After that inspect the compacted surface.

The compacted layer will be tested for degree of compaction not less than 98%. After getting required compaction next layer will be
started and repeat as mention above up to required levels in the drawings or as instructed by the Engineer.

In cases where an existing ABC layer is to be improved by adding a layer of material less than 100mm thick, the existing surface will
be scarified to a certain depth and mixed with the imported material. After that re-compaction will be started as per the specification
requirement or as directed by the Engineer.

After compaction of ABC layer final finish level will be taken jointly and check for undulation to ensure the surface is within the
allowable tolerance.

Traffic will not be allowed to go on the finished ABC layer until the layer covered by prime coat.

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