GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY
Chandkheda, Ahmedabad
Affiliated

AHMEDABAD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

A REPORT ON:-

AUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATE CONTROL SYSTEM

Under subject of
DESIGN ENGINEERING – 2A
B. E., Semester – V
(ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS)

Submitted by:
.
1. PATEL DHRUVAL S. 160020111003
2. PATHAK AKSHAY V. 160020111004
3. RAUT ADITYA A. 160020111006

GUIDED BY:-
MR. CHIRAG PARMAR

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
MR. TEJAS THAKKAR

Academic year (2018-2019)

 CERTIFICATE

Date:30/09/2018

This is to certify that the project work entitled “AUTOMATIC RAILWAY

GATE CONTROL SYSTEM” has been carried out by PATEL
DHRUVAL(160020111003),PATHAK AKSHAY(160020111004),RAUT
ADITYA(160020111006) under my guidance in fulfilment of degree of
Bachelor of Engineering in ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Department (5th Semester) of Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad
during the academic year 2018-19.

Guide:Prof. CHIRAG PARMAR

Prof. TEJAS THAKKAR

Head of the Department

 INDEX
CONTENTS PAGE NO.

INTRODUCTION 1

AEIOU CANVAS 3

MIND MAPPING 7

EMPATHY CANVAS 8

IDEATION CANVAS 12

PRODUCT DEVELOPEMENT CANVAS 14

LEARNING NEEDS MATRIX 20

SECONDARY RESERACH & DIACHRONIC AND SYNCHRONIC 22

ANALYSIS
 INTRODUCTION
MY THINKING ABOUT DESIGN ENGINEERING

 “DESIGN ENGINEERING”is a subject which gives us lots of

information about practical knowledge.It gives us new creative
ideas which helps us to grow up new invention and inovation.

 This subject is a general term that covers multiple engineering

disciplines including e.c.,mechanical,chemical,aeronautical,civil and
structural/building/architectural engineers.

 The uniting concept is a focus on applying the “engineering

design process” in which engineers develops new products or
processes with a primary emphasis on functional utility.

 “DESIGN ENGINEERING”is the process of devising system,

component, or process to meet desired needs. It is a decision-
making process (often iterative), in which the basic science and
mathematics and engineering sciences are applied to convert
resources optimally to meet a stated objective.

 Among the fundamental elements of the design process are the

establishment of objectives and
criteria,synthesis,analysis,construction,testing and evalution.

 The engineering design component of a curriculum must include

most of the following features:development of student creativity,
use of open-ended problems, development and use of modern
design theory and methology, formation of design problem
statements and specifications, consideration of alternative

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 solutions,feasibility considerations,production processes,concurrent
engineering design,and detailed system description.

 Further it is essential to include a variety of realistic

constraints,such as economic
factors,saftey,reliability,aesthetics,ethics and social
impact.”Elsewhere in the ABET criteria for accreditation, they
stress the use of teams in solving problems and performing
designs.

 problems, development and use of modern design theory and

methology, formation of design problem statements and
specifications, consideration of alternative solutions,feasibility
considerations,production processes,concurrent engineering
design,and detailed system description.

 Further it is essential to include a variety of realistic

constraints,such as economic
factors,saftey,reliability,aesthetics,ethics and social
impact.”Elsewhere in the ABET criteria for accreditation, they
stress the use of teams in solving problems and performing
designs.

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2:-AEIOU CANVAS
1:- Domain/Area of interest:-

Our Domain/Area of interest is about “RAILWAY CROSSING” .We all know that
accidents are increasing at the where the crossing gate not available at the
crossing. so, we camp up with this idea.

2:- AEIOU:-

ACTIVITES:-

a) Waiting for way:-People are waiting for the signal to turn green.
b) Quarrel:-Due to an accident driver are doing quarrel.
c) Talking:-Passenger talking with drivers and other passenger.
d) Walking:-People are crossing roads.
e) Driving:-People driving vehicles.
f) Advertising:-Different companies advertising about their new products.
g) Selling Foods:-Vendors selling beverages and cold drinks.
h) Spitting:-Mainly in India people spit on the roads.
i) Inquiring:-Tourist inquiring about the place to visit.
j) Eating:-Eating food and beverages on their vehicles.
k) Throwing garbage:-People throwing garbage on the road.
l) Breaking rules:-Drivers breaking the traffic signals and not wearing
helmet.
m) Begging:-Beggars begging all around in traffic.
n) Repairing:-Mechanic repairing the cars on road.
o) Smoking:-Drivers smoking on running vehicles.
p) Talking on phone:-Driver and passenger talking on phone.

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 ENVIORNMENT:-
a) Crowdy :-In the dense traffic there is too much crowd.
b) Noisy :-Due to dense traffic and continuous blowing horn the
atmosphere is Noisy.
c) Hot :-Due to pollution and smoky the temperature of area increases
and felt hot.
d) Polluted :-People throwing garbage ,food packets and more on road so
the area is polluted.
e) Unclean :-No Proper maintenance of roads so the roads are unclean.
f) Unmannered :-People waiting in traffic in any manner no lan way traffic
stopping .

INTERACTION:-
a) Policeman-Driver
b) People-Train
c) People-Animal
d) Policeman-Passenger
e) Driver-Seller
f) Driver-Passenger
g) Driver-Mechanic
h) Passenger-Seller
i) Policeman-Seller
j) People-Vehicle

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OBJECTS:-
a) Street Lights
b) Traffic lights
c) Vehicles
d) Sign Boards
e) Advertisement
f) Traffic Led Display
g) CCTV Cameras
h) Train
i) Electric D.C. Motor
j) Fencing
k) Dustbin
l) Microcontroller
m) IR Sensor
n) Police Barriers
o) Mobile
p) Police Radio
q) LED stick
r) Goods

USERS:-
a) Passenger
b) Drivers
c) Policeman
d) Workers
e) Cleaner
f) Vendors

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PICTURE OF AEIOU SUMMARY:-

AEIOU SUMMARY:-

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3) MIND MAPPING:-

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4) EMPATHY CANVAS:-

SELECTED USERS:-

1) CITIZENS
2) STUDENT
3) DRIVER
4) VENDOR

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STAKEHOLDERS:-

1) BEGGER
2) GUARD
3) VENDORS
4) WORKER
5) SWEEPER

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STORIES:-

1)HAPPY STORY:-Once ramesh was going to give an interview at 9 AM. And

on his way to office there come a railway gate. Usually people got late but due
to automatic railway gate system. He didn’t got late for the interview.

2)HAPPY STORY:-There was a family living in ranchi. From that family a boy
dhruval was working in IT company. He has meeting on Monday and a railway
gate was coming to his way .But due to the automatic railway crossing gate. He
reached the office at a time.

3)SAD STORY:-There was a family living in hyderabad and they were about to
leave town through airport. And there way to airport there comes railway gate
and due to the simple railway crossing system. They just got late and they
missed their flight.

4)SAD STORY:- A boy called dishanshu was working in IT company. And he

has a first meeting on Thursday. And railway gate was coming to his way. And
these simple railway gate system so on his first meeting he got late and
demoted for his careless behaviour.

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PICTURE OF EMPATHY CANVAS :-

EMPATHY CANVAS:-

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5) IDEATION CANVAS:-

a) Activities:-

 Begging
 Driving vehicles
 Crossing road
 Talking on phone
 Clearing traffic
b)People:-

 Citizens
 Students
 Workers
 Vendors
 Drivers

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c)Situation /Contex/Location:-

 Dusty
 Polluted
 Dirty
 Crowdy
 Noisy
 Rainy
 Sunny
 Busy

d)Props:-

 Electric DC Motor
 IR Sensors
 Microcontroller
 Buzzer
 Railway Gate
 Wires
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PICTURE OF IDEATION CANVAS :

IDEATION CANVAS:-

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 6) PRODUCT DEVELPOMENT CANVAS:-

1)Purpose:-

 Automatic Railway Gate Crossing

 Safety Purpose
 Reduce Accidents
 Time Saving

2)Product Experience:-

 Automation
 Compact design
 Feel happy
 User friendly

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 3)People:-

 Citizens
 Passenger
 Students
 Workers
 Drivers

4)Product Functions:-

 Reduce accidents
 Reduce time
 Automatic railway gate crossing
 Safety function

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5)Product Features:-

 Less man power required

 Automation
 Reduce accidents
 Well response

6)COMPONENTS:-

 Microcontroller
 IR sensor
 Electric DC motor
 Buzzer
 Railway gate
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7)Customer revalidation:-

 Improve sensitivity
 Upgrade electronic components
 Good appear product
 Improve speed
 Use buzzer

8)Redesign:-

 Using buzzer

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PICTURE OF PRODUCT DEVELOPEMENT CANVAS :

PRODUCT DEVELOPEMENT CANVAS:-

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7) LEARNING NEEDS MATRIX:-

1)Purpose / Product Concept:-

 Safety purpose
 Automatic railway gate crossing

2)Tools/Methods/Theories/Application process involved:-

 Microcontroller
 IR sensor
 Motor driver
 Railway gate
 Control motor through IR sensor

3)Software/Simulation/Skill/Mathematical requirement:-

 ArduinoDroid
 Proteus
 Simple logic
 Structure
 Sensing required

4)Applicable standars design and specification/principle and

experiments :-

 Reduce the accidents

 Concept Prototype
 Functioning of IR sensor

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5)Component material’s strength criteria:-

 DC motor
 Microcontroller
 Buzzer
 IR sensor

PICTURE OF LEARNING NEEDS MATRIX CANVAS :

LEARNING NEEDS MATRIX CANVAS:-

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Secondary Research & Diachronic and Synchronic Analysis

A level crossing is an intersection where a railway line crosses a road

or path at the same level as opposed to the railway line crossing over
or under using an overpass or tunnel. The term also applies when a
light rail line with separate right-of-way or reserved track crosses a
road in the same fashion. Other names include railway level crossing,
grade crossing, road through railroad, railroad crossing, train
crossing, and RXR (abbreviated).

History

The history of level crossings depends on the location, but often

early level crossings had a flagman in a nearby booth who would, on
the approach of a train, wave a red flag or lantern to stop all traffic
and clear the tracks. Gated crossings became commonplace in many
areas, as they protected the railway from people trespassing and
livestock, and they protected the users of the crossing when closed
by the signalman/gateman. In the second quarter of the 20th
century, manual or electrical closable gates that barricaded the
roadway started to be introduced, intended to be a complete barrier
against intrusion of any road traffic onto the railway. Automatic

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crossings are now commonplace in some countries as motor vehicles
replaced horse-drawn vehicles and the need for animal protection
diminished with time. Full, half or no barrier crossings superseded
gated crossings, although crossings of older types can still be found
in places. In rural regions with sparse traffic, the least expensive type
of level crossing to operate is one without flagmen or gates, with
only a warning sign posted. This type has been common across North
America and in many developing countries.

Some international rules have helped to harmonize level crossing.

For instance, the 1968 Vienne convention about signalisation
routière:

In its Chapitre III Signaux lumineux de circulation: Article 23b states

that one or two blinking red fire indicates a car should stop; when if
they are yellow the car can pass with caution.

This has been implemented in many countries, including countries

which are not part of the Vienna Convention.

In its article 27, a stop line is suggested at grade crossing.

Article 33, 34, 35 and 36 are specific to level crossing, because level
crossing are recognized as dangerous.

Article 35 indicates a cross should exist when there is no barrier.

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Safety

Trains have a much larger mass relative to their braking capability,

and thus a far longer braking distance than road vehicles. With rare
exceptions, trains do not stop at level crossings and rely on vehicles
and pedestrians to clear the tracks in advance.

Level crossings constitute a significant safety concern internationally.

On average, each year around 400 people in the European Union and
over 300 in the United States are killed in level crossing accidents.
Collisions can occur with vehicles as well as pedestrians; pedestrian
collisions are more likely to result in a fatality. Among pedestrians,
young people (5–19 years), older people (60 years and over) and
males are considered to be high risk users.

As far as warning systems for road users are concerned, level

crossings either have "passive" protection, in the form of various
types of warning signs, or "active" protection, using automatic
warning devices such as flashing lights, warning sounds, and barriers
or gates. In the 19th century and for much of the 20th, a written sign
warning "Stop, look, and listen" (or similar wording) was the sole
protection at most level crossings. Today, active protection is widely
available, and fewer collisions take place at level crossings with
active warning systems. Modern radar sensor systems can detect if
level crossings are free of obstructions as trains approach. These
improve safety by not lowering crossing barriers that may trap
vehicles or pedestrians on the tracks, while signalling trains to brake
until the obstruction clears.

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At railway stations, a pedestrian level crossing is sometimes provided
to allow passengers to reach other platforms in the absence of an
underpass or bridge, or for disabled access. Where third rail systems
have level crossings, there is a gap in the third rail over the level
crossing, but this does not interrupt the power supply to trains since
they have current collectors on multiple cars.

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