- Redox titrations involve the titration of an oxidizing agent with a reducing agent or vice versa. This allows for the determination of the amount of substance oxidized or reduced.
- The equivalent weight of a redox active substance is calculated based on the number of electrons transferred in the redox reaction.
- Common oxidizing agents that can be determined via redox titration include potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and ceric sulfate.
- Redox titrations involve the titration of an oxidizing agent with a reducing agent or vice versa. This allows for the determination of the amount of substance oxidized or reduced.
- The equivalent weight of a redox active substance is calculated based on the number of electrons transferred in the redox reaction.
- Common oxidizing agents that can be determined via redox titration include potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and ceric sulfate.
- Redox titrations involve the titration of an oxidizing agent with a reducing agent or vice versa. This allows for the determination of the amount of substance oxidized or reduced.
- The equivalent weight of a redox active substance is calculated based on the number of electrons transferred in the redox reaction.
- Common oxidizing agents that can be determined via redox titration include potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and ceric sulfate.
• Titration of an oxidizing agent with a standard solution of a reducing agent or the titration of a reducing agent with a standard solution of an oxidizing agent
• Oxidation – the increase in the positive direction
of the electrical valence or oxidation number of an element or radical
• Reduction – the decrease in electrical valence or
oxidation number of an element or radical • To find the equivalent weight of an oxidizing or reducing agent, take that fraction of its formula weight so that in the oxidation or reduction process there will be involved the equivalent of a transfer of one electron – By dividing the formula weight of the substance by the total change in oxidation number involved in the oxidation-reduction process – By dividing the formula weight of the substance by the number of electrons transferred per formula weight of substance • mL x N = number of gram-milliequivalents • mLs x Ns x meq wt.x = gramsx
• How many grams of the following reducing
substances constitute the gram-equivalent weight in each case: – FeSO42H2O : Fe2+ Fe3+ + e- – SnCl2 : Sn2+ Sn4+ + 2e- – H2C2O42H2O : • C2O4= 2CO2 + 2e- • 5C2O4= + 2MnO4- + 16H+ 10CO2 + 2Mn2+ + 8H2O – KHC2O4H2O – KHC2O4 H2C2O42H2O – H2S (oxidized to S) and (oxidized to H2SO4) – Na2S2O35H2O • 2S2O3= S4O6= + 2e- • 2S2O3= + I2 S4O6= + 2I- – H2O2 • 5H2O2 + 2MnO4- + 6H+ 5O2 + 2Mn2+ + 8H2O • How many grams of the following oxidizing substances constitute the gram-milliequivalent weight in each case: – K3Fe(CN)6 • Fe(CN)63- + e- Fe(CN)64- – KMnO4 • MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- Mn2+ + 4H2O • MnO4- + 5Fe2+ + 8H+ Mn2+ + 4H2O + 5Fe3+ • In alkaline solution, MnO4- + 8H2O + 3e- MnO2 + 4OH- – K2Cr2O7 • Cr2O7= + 14H+ + 6e- 2Cr3+ + 7H2O • Cr2O7= + 6Fe2+ + 14H+ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + 6Fe3+ – I2 • I2 + 2e- 2I- – KBrO3 (reduced to bromide) • BrO3- + 6H+ + 6e- Br- + 3H2O – H2O2 • H2O2 + 2H+ + 2e- 2H2O Permanganate process • Potassium permanganate is extensively used as an oxidimetric standard. • It serves as its own indicator • A normal solution contains 1/5 the gram molecular weight per liter if used in the presence of acid. • What is the percentage of iron in a sample of iron ore weighing 0.7100 g if, after solution and reduction of the iron with amalgamated zinc, 48.06 mL of KMnO4 (1.000 mL = 0.006700 g Na2C2O4) is required to oxidize the iron? How many grams of KMnO4 are contained in each milliliter of the solution? Dichromate process • Oxidizing substances can be determined by the dichromate process by the addition of a measured excess of a ferrous salt and the titration of the excess with the standard solution. • What is the percentage of Fe2O3 in a sample of limonite ore if the iron from a 0.5000-g sample is reduced and titrated with 35.15 ml of a potassium dichromate solution of which 15.00 mL is equivalent in oxidizing power to 25.00 mL of a potassium permanganate solution which has an iron value of 0.004750 g? Ceric Sulfate or Cerate process • Cerium in the 4-valent state is a very powerful oxidizing agent, the yellow ceric or complex cerate ions being reduced to colorless 3-valent cerous ions, Ce4+ + e- Ce3+
• What weight of limonite should be taken so that after
solution in HCl and reduction of the iron, the volume of standard ceric solution required for titration will be one half the percentage of Fe2O3 in the sample (6.000 mL of the ceric solution = 2.000 mL KHC2O4 solution = 3.000 ml of 0.08000 N NaOH)?