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2
Both the grievant and D’Amato estimated that the grievant weighs about 210 pounds.
3
The grievant testified that when he was initially assessed the whole group was told that
improvement was expected on the next test.

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!"#$%&'()*#($#^^]`^^fV#

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8.T(Y)&&X&"$#.T#="8&)T$("8(-;&V#A%.T#.T#(#N;*T&#N(T&#-&N(=T&#$%&#Y).&?("$#@(T#

."<=)&8#@%.;&#&"Y(Y&8#."#("#(N$.?.$6#$%($#%&#%(T#N*"T.T$&"$;6#$(d&"#W()$#."#+*)#X("6#

6&()T#-&+*)&#&?&"#-&N*X."Y#(#W*;.N&#*++.N&)#("8#.$#@(T#("#(N$.?.$6#$%($#%&#%(8#-&&"#

TW&N.+.N(;;6#("8#)&N&"$;6#(Td&8#$*#W&)+*)X#."#N*"<="N$.*"#@.$%#%.T#)*;&#(T#("#55A#

X&X-&)V#

12
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4
The grievant was provided neither time to exercise during the workday nor a facility in
which to do so; to stay physically fit, as he was required to do as an RRT member, he had
to train on his own time and at a facility not controlled by the police department.

13
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N*XW;&$&#(;;#W%6T.N(;#N*"8.$.*"."Y#)&U=.)&X&"$T#(T#T&$#-6#$%&#'&$)*`F$()#

N*XX("8."Y#*++.N&)Vl##A%($#N*XX("8."Y#*++.N&)M#5=TT#c&"d."TM#T&$#$%&#J**W&)#

F$("8()8T#(T#$%&#N*"8.$.*"."Y#)&U=.)&X&"$TV##A%&#Y).&?("$#@(T#.".$.(;;6#$&T$&8#

(Y(."T$#$%&T&#T$("8()8TM#("8M#(T#$%&#A*@"#W*."$&8#*=$M#%&#W(TT&8#@.$%#+;6."Y#N*;*)TV##

7=$#%&#$&T$.+.&8#$%($#$%&#Y)*=W#(T#(#@%*;&#@(T#."T$)=N$&8#$%($#$%&#Y*(;#@(T#$*#

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)&;($&8#(N$.?.$6V###A%&#Y).&?("$\T#%.T$*)6#*+#)&Y=;()#W%6T.N(;#&e&)N.T&#("8#$)(."."YM#

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5
There was not contradictory evidence on that point.
6
Thus, if the re-testing ended up being delayed for many months, this was not a fact
known to the grievant at the time of his injury.

14
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%(8#"*$#-&&"#(#X&X-&)#*+#$%&#55A#("8#&?&"#.+#%.T#Y)*=W#%(8#"*$#-&&"#$*;8#-6#%.T#

55A#N*XX("8."Y#*++.N&)#$*#T&&d#.XW)*?&X&"$#*+#%.T#*).Y."(;#W&)+*)X("N&#("8#$*#

jd&&W#$)(."."Yl#."#W)&W()($.*"#+*)#("#("$.N.W($&8#)&`$&T$."YV##7=$#$%.T#8.T$."N$.*"#

*-TN=)&T#$%&#+(N$#$%($#$%&#A*@"#"&&8&8#(#N(8)&#*+#03g#*+#.$T#*++.N&)T#$*#-&#@.;;."Y#$*#

Y&$#$*#*)#)&X(."#($#(#;&?&;#*+#+.$"&TT#N*"T.T$&"$#@.$%#W()$.N.W($.*"#*"#$%&#55AV##A%&#

Y).&?("$#8.8#"*$#%(?&#$%&#*W$.*"#$*#T$*W#$)(."."YM#-&N(=T&#&?&"$=(;;6#$%.T#@*=;8#%(?&#

N*XW)*X.T&8#%.T#(-.;.$6#$*#T($.T+6#$%&#J**W&)#F$("8()8TV###,"*$%&)#)&(T*"#$%($#

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("8#N*XW;&$&#(;;#W%6T.N(;#N*"8.$.*"."Y#)&U=.)&X&"$Tl#$%("#@*=;8#(#jN*=N%#W*$($*l#

-)*$%&)#*)#T.T$&)#*++.N&)V##

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=','#6?+@766%*+O^#J(;V#5W$)V#18#^O4#a433ib#(#J(;.+*)".(#N*=)$#("(;6m."Y#;("Y=(Y&#

("(;*Y*=T#$*#$%($#+*="8#."#$%&#'(TT(N%=T&$$T#C*)d&)\T#J*XW&"T($.*"#;(@#a("8#-6#

+=)$%&)#("(;*Y6M#p#000Eb#OM#)&N*Y".m&8#$%($#(#W)&`&e.T$."Y#W%6T.N(;#+.$"&TT#W)*Y)(X#

8.8#"*$#W)&N;=8&#N*?&)(Y&#@%&"#$%&#&XW;*6&&#@(T#(;T*#(#X&X-&)#*+#(#?*;="$()6#

7
That statute uses the standard “…any injury sustained by…employees arising out of or
in the course of the employment.”

15
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-&N(=T&#%&#@(T#(#FC,A#$&(X#X&X-&)#("8#+(N&8#.XX."&"$#W%6T.N(;#+.$"&TT#)&$&T$."Y#

%&#@(T#&"$.$;&8#$*#@*)d&)\T#N*XW&"T($.*"#-&"&+.$TV#F&&#(;T*M#!76%"0+,-+!"#8'#%9+

:"$;-+<;;'(6%+=)-+02^#J(;V#,WWV#18#234#a02iOb#a#*++.N&)#."<=)&8#@%.;&#&"Y(Y&8#."#*++#

8=$6M#="W(.8#W%6T.N(;#+.$"&TT#$)(."."Y#&"$.$;&8#$*#@*)d&)T\#N*XW&"T($.*"#-&"&+.$T#

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J*"$)(T$#:7&?+"3+4&"A8&"0#01f#J(;V#,WW#]$%#0f01#a433^bV#aKXW;*6&&#"*$#&"$.$;&8#$*#

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W%6T.N(;#T%(W&bo#i#B"$702"+,-+."/0+"3+!'66'%6'?*#]]#'(TTV,WWVJ$VO21a022ibV#aA*@"#

+.)&+.Y%$&)#8&".&8#p#000E#-&"&+.$T#@%&"#."<=)&8#*"#)&$=)"#+)*X#(#?*;="$()6#W(.8#

8&$(.;#($#(#W).?($&#N*;;&Y&bV#

A%&#A*@"#(;T*#()Y=&T#$%($#@&.Y%$;.+$."Y#@(T#"*$#)&U=.)&8#$*#X&&$#$%&#:"";'##

T$("8()8T#("8#$%($M#."#+(N$M#$%&#Y).&?("$#$&T$.+.&8#$%($#N.)N=.$#$)(."."Y#@(T#$%&#-&T$#

8
Massachusetts workers’ compensation cases (and § 111f cases) use a similar analysis,
although neither the Union nor the Town cited any as closely on point as the California
cases cited above. The Union cited Sikorski’s Case, 455 Mass. 477(2009) in which the
court articulated factors to consider whether “recreational activity” arises out of and in
the course of employment.” These include: (a) the customary nature or the activity; (b)
the employer’s encouragement or subsidization of the activity; (c) the extent to which the
employer managed or directed the activity; (d) the presence of pressure or compulsion to
participate; and (d) the employer’s expected or actual benefit form the employee’s
participation. In that case the Court found that a teacher was entitled to benefits when
she was injured on as school-sponsored ski trip even though she participated voluntarily
and enjoyed skiing, because the school encouraged teachers to chaperone these trips and
this benefited the students.

16
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F$("8()8TV##Z&#@(T#"*$#;.+$."Y#(#W()$.N=;();6#%&(?6#@&.Y%$#."#)&;($.*"#$*#%.T#+.$"&TT#

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17
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18