CONSTRUCTION OF 180 BEDDED BOYS HOSTEL

AT SITAPUR ROAD, LUCKNOW

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the AMICE(I) CIVIL Section

B/AMICE(I) Architectural Engg. Section B/T. Engg. Civil Part

II/T. Engg. Architectural Engg. Part II

Supervisor Student

Sri P. D. Gupta Vijay Shanker Mishra

H.O.D.

The Institution of Civil Engineers(India)

Year - 2011-12
 CONSTRUCTION OF 180 BEDDED BOYS HOSTEL

AT SITAPUR ROAD, LUCKNOW

Name : VIJAY SHANKER MISHRA

Membership No. : 59206

Course : T. Engg. Civil Part II

AICTE Institution : Sevdie Institute of Management &

Technology (S.I.M.T.),

Chinhat-Dewa Road, Industrial Area,

Near TELCO, Lucknow

Group mate(s), if any : Yes

Sl. No. Name Membership No. Course

1. Mohd. Kamil 57057 T. Engg. Civil Part II

2. Ravi Kant Singh 57247 T. Engg. Civil Part II

Approved Project Proposal Proforma-B with Synopsis
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

gesa bl izkstsDV dks cukus esa vius

v/;kidksa dk cgqr lg;ksx feyk rFkk mUgksus ge

yksxksa dh ijs'kkfu;ksa dks le>rs gq, le;≤ ij

izkstsDV lEcU/kh lHkh leL;kvksa dks fuLrkfjr

fd;k ,oa le>k;k rFkk bls iw.kZ djkus esa gekjk

ekxZ n'kZu fd;kA

fo'ks"k:i ls ge vius vknj.kh; v/;kid Jh ih0 Mh0

xqIrk] ,p0vks0Mh0 ds vkHkkjh gSA ftUgksaus bl

izkstsDV dks iwjk djokus esa lgh lykg o funsZ'k

fn;sA

blds lkFk lkFk eSa vius fe=ksa dk Hkh

vkHkkjh gw¡ ftUgksaus bl izkstsDV dks iw.kZ

djkus esa gekjk lg;ksx fd;kA eSa =qfV;ksa ds fy,

{kek pkgrk gw¡A

LFkku & y[kuÅ fot; 'kadj feJk

fnukad & 22-02-2012 Vh0 flfoy
bath0] ikVZ AA
vkbZ-lh-bZ-¼bf.M;k½

CERTIFICATE
 Contents

S.No. Name of the Chapter Page No.

1. Abstract of Cost 01
2. Problem 02
3. Preface 03
4. Project Work 04-87
i. Introduction 04
ii. Literature Review 05
iii. Planning 06-11
iv. Survey 12-18
v. Analysis & Design 19-43
vi. Estimating & Costing 44-68
vii. Analysis of Rates 69-76
viii. Project Scheduling 77-86
ix. Conclusions & Recommendations 87
5. Bibliography 88
6. Drawings 89-

ABSTACT OF COST

(In Rs.)

Sl. No. Particulers Amounts

(Rs.)
1. Construction of boys Hostel 180 students 14328619.87
 for Three seated
2. Add 8% for Water supply and Sainitary 1146289.59
Works
3. Add 8% for Electrification Works 1146289.59
4. Total 16621199.05
5. Add 3% for Contingencies 498635.97
6. Add 2% for Work charged establishment 332423.98
Grand Total 17452259.00

PROBLEM

It is proposed to construct a hostel for accommodation of 180 students with single

seated rooms the Hostel must contain the following.
1. Room details
2. Position of toilet/stair
3. Position of Mess or common room
4.
Prepared a detailed project above building must includes the following.
 1. Plain Table & contour Survey plain of the area showing the position of
proposed building approach road etc.
2. Detailed working drawing of the proposed building showing plan front
elevation to section (at least one through stair).
3. Structural and other details of the proposed building such as foundation
French plan drawing in lintel, one beam floor slab, stair or gate etc.

Reports :

1. A brief report emphasizing the necessity of the project.

2. General Specification different items of work for proposed building.
3. Design of at least one foundation, One Lintel, One Beam, One floor or roof
slab of the proposed building.
4. Analysis of rates of two civil Engineering Civil work of the proposed building
based on the latest P.W.D. Scheduled of rates.
5. Total cast of the project assuming suitable market rates for items not covered
in the P.W.D. scheduled of rates.

PREFACE

vkt dk ;qx lkbal ,oa VsDuksykWth dk ;qx gSaA flfoy

bUth- gekjs thou dks mUur cukus esa egRoiw.kZ
lg;ksx nsrk gS fodkl ds jkLrs ij ge c<+rs gS rks ns'k
Hkh rjDdh djrk gSA flfoy bUth0 ls lEcfU/kr gekjs ns'k
esa vusd 'kk[kk,¡ gSA
tSls & P.W.D. , Irrigation, Jal Nigam vkfnA
eSa ,d u;k izf'k{k.kkFkhZ gw¡ bl izdkj ds izkstsDV
odZ dks fu:fir djus dk ;g esjk izFke volj gSA bl
izkstsDV fjiksVZ ds }kjk gkWLVy fcfYMax dks
ewrZ :i iznku fd;k tk jgk gSA flfoy bUth0 dk Kku
gksus ds dkj.k ge R.C.C. Beam dks vPNk ,oa ferO;;h
cuk ldrs gSA izLrqr Project "Hostel Building" dks Cost Latest
P.W.D. Rate ls fudkyh xbZ gSA

bl izkstsDV dks O;ofLFkr :i nsus rFkk =qfV jfgr

cukus dk iwjk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA rFkkfi vuqHko ghurk
,oa izFke volj gksus ds dkj.k gksus okyh =qfV;ksa
ds fy, {kek dk izkFkhZ gw¡A

3
INTRODUCTION
 Hkou fuekZ.k flfoy bUth0 dh ,d eq[; 'kk[kk gSA
bUth0 dh vU; 'kk[kkvksa esa Hkh cM+s iSekus ij
Hkou fuekZ.k dk;Z viuk;s tkrs gSA ,d flfoy bUth dks
Hkou cukus rFkk vuqj{k.k esa vPNh n{krk izkIr
gksuh pkfg,A Hkou mi;ksfxrk lqUnjrk rFkk lkeF;Z dh
n`f"V ls mÙke o U;wure O;; okyk gksuk pkfg,A
;gk¡ ij ,d ,slk gkWLVy fcfYMax dk izkstsDV rS;kj
djuk gS tks Nk=ksa dh lkjh O;oLFkkvksa dks /;ku
esa j[kdj rFkk lkjh lqfo/kkvksa dks ns[krs gq,
gkWLVy fcfYMax dk ferO;;h vkdkj iznku djus dk
Hkjiwj izz;kl fd;k x;k gSA
izkstsDV dks rS;kj djus ds fy, bls fofHkUu Hkkxksa
esa ck¡Vk x;k gS ftldk laf{kIr fooj.k fuEufyf[kr gSA

Literature Review
Planning
Surveying
Analysis and Design
Estimating and Costing
Analysis of Rates
Project Scheduling
Conclusions and Recommendation
Bibliography
Drawing
 4
LITERATURE REVIEW

Literature Review: Chapter two literature review deals with various references that
has been taken from Various book including vastushastra it has been attempted to
give basic ideas over concrete construction planning principle. A consideration has
been given the current rates.
Planning : Chapter three deals with planning of various aspects of orientation keeping
in view the solar and wind orientation. An attempted has also been made to maintain
the Rooom various reventant factors has also been considered during planning.
Survey: Chapter four deals with Surveying in which it has been tried to Explain about
the instrument used in surveying mover ever the working is also included along with
it a first problem as been given which are faced during the surveying of the proposed
area.
Analysis and design : Chapter five deals with various loads which have calculated as
per I.S. Code 875 Based upon these loads positions of blons and columns are planned
the designs for slab, became columns doubly reinforced beam and T. Beam has also
been shown.
Estimating and Coasting: Chapter ix deals with the estimation of the building as the
values costing has also has been done with the C.P.M. Cherls the whole work has been
divided into the number of activities and attempt has made to find out the parallel
activities the critical path of the network has been calculated and the schedelle time
comptition has been also.
Conclusions and Recomendation: Chapter nine deals with conclusion and
recommendation on variou topic due to time schedule it was not possible to provide a
C.A.P. Programming on the whole project how ever it is recommended that it would
been better if such technology been given more consideration. In this project the
design based upon limit state method are most economical from space point of view
looking to the scaraty of the space it is recommended that such project should also be
developed based on limit state method.
 5
PLANNING

Hkou ds vk;kstu dk vFkZ gS fd mlds lHkh igyqvksa

rFkk xfrfof/k;ksa ij fopkj djuk cxSj vk;kstu ds lkFk
Mkyuk rFkk lQyrk dh dkeuk djuk va/ksjs esa ijNk;h
dks idM+uk fdlh bekjr dks ckus esa dkQh :i;s O;;
gksrs gSA blfy, foLr`r ;kstuk cukuk vko';d gksrk gSA
vk;kstu dk eq[; mís'; fdlh ifj;kstuk dk iw.kZ miyC/k
lk/kuksa }kjk fu/kkZfjr le; ds Hkhrj iw.kZ djuk gS
uD'ks ,LVhesV fuekZ.k lkexzh rFkk vkStkjksa ds
vk/kkj ij Iykfuax djrs gSA fdlh Hkou ds fuekZ.k ij
fo'ks"k la;U= iz;ksx fd;s tkrs gS ftudk vuqlwpu igys
djuk vko';d gSa dkSu lh e'khu dk mi;ksx dc vkSj
dgk¡ gksxk bldk irk LFky bathfu;j dksLi"V irk gksuk
pkfg,A Hkou ifj;kstuk dh Hkou dk mi;ksx djus okys
vko';drkvksa dk fo'ks"k /;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg,A
vko';drkvksa dk fo'ks"k /;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg,A
vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, vk;kstu cuk;h tkrh gSA
vr% vk;kstu cukus ls igys y{; Li"V gksuk pkfg,A
vk;kstu esa cgqr fooj.k rS;kj fd, tkrs gSA ifj;kstuk
dks fdl izdkj rS;kj fd;k tk; dkSu lh frfFk viuk;h tk,
fdu&fdu inkFkksZa dh fdruh ek=k esa vko';drk
gksxh fdu e'khu dh vko';drk iM+sxhA /ku dh
O;oLFkk Hkh vko';d gS Hkou dk vk;kstu ,d rduhdh
izfØ;k gS vk;kstu ds izcU/k ds mPpre Lrj ij cuk;h
tkrh gSA vk;kstuk cukus ds dqN izeq[k rduhdh ckj
pkVZ esa djrs gSA rduhdh lQyrk ds fy, laxBu ds
mís'; mPp Lrjksa dks ysdj iwjk djrs gSA
SOIL INVESTIGATION - e`nk ,d vlaxkeh vkSj fDy"V
inkFkZ gSa Hkwfery ls FkksM+h & FkksM+h xgjkbZ
ij e`nk dh iVVh cnyrh jgrh gSA fofHkuu ijrksa dh
e`nk dh ijrksa esa dkQh vUrj gksrk gSA vr% fdlh
lajpuk dh uho dks lQy vferO;;h cukus dks uho ds
uhps e`nk ijrks rFkk muds xq.kksa dk ijh{k.k djuk
vfr vko';d gS ;g ijh{k.k LFky o iz;ksx'kkyk nksuksa
txg ij fd;k tkrk gS ftUgsa e`nk vUos"k.k dgrs gSA
6

OBJECT - lajpuk ds uho ds vfHkdYiu ds iwoZ uho e`nk

ds fo"k; esa vUos"k.k djuk vfr vko';d gSA blds fuEu

mís'; gSA
izLrkfor LFky dh mi;qDrk Kkr djuk lqjf{kr o ferO;;h
uho ds vfHkdYiu ds fy, leqfpr vkdM+s o egoiw.kZ
lajpuk, miyC/k djkuk A
vfHkdYiu ds nkSjku vk ldus okyh leL;k vks dk
iwokZuqeku djds mldk gy fudkyukA lajpuk ds
fuekZ.k ds ckn orZeku ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ifjorZu o
muds ifjek.kksa ds fo"k; esa iwokZuqeku yxkukA
cuh gqbZ lajpuk dh lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuk vkfn
Hkwfery ds uhps ty dh fLFkfr Kkr djukA
SOIL EXPLORATION - e`nk vUos"k.k dh cgqr lh
fof/k;k¡ gS mi;qDr fof/k dk pquko ifj;kstuk ds izdkj
,oa LFky dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fuHkZj djrh gSA fdlh Hkh
{ks= dk vUos"k.k HkwfoKku dh fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij
vkjEHk djuk pkfg, cgqr ls {ks=ksa esa rks LFkkuh;
eku x<<s o ckj gksrk gSA tks NksVh lh lajpukvksa
ds fy, foLr`r vUos"k.k dh vko';drk gksrh gSA e`nk
vUos"k.k ls igys ml {ks= dk LFky ijh{k.k fd;k tkrk
gSA
SITE ECONCISSCNCE- LFkyoh{k.k ds vUrxZr fuEu
fo'ks"krkvksa dk v/;;u fd;k tkrk gSA
1- LFkykd`fr ¼LFkkuh;½
2- [kqnkbZ x<+<s ;k [kqnko vkfn
3- igkfM+;ksa dks mBkus dh rhozrk
4- dVko o Hkwfeljdusds ckjs esa tkudkjh
5- dqvks rFkk rkykcksa dk ty Lrj ck<+ ds
fpUg rFkk ty fodkl ds fo"k; esa e`nk
vUos"k.k dks fuEu nks Hkkxksa ls ck¡Vk
x;k gSA
1- Preliminary Investigation
2- Detailed Investigation
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION - bl vUos"k.k dks
vis{kkd`r de ykxr esa v/kksHkwfe ,d LFky vkd`fr
izkIr djuk gS blesa izkIr lajpuk, NksVs o lkekU;
7

dk;Z ds fy, izkIr gksrh gS D;ksafd NksVs ,oa lkekU;

dk;Z ds fy, e`nk vUos"k.k ls
vf/kd /ku [kpZ ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA izkjfEHkd
vUos"k.k esa vUos"k.kkRed oksfVax djuk de xgjkbZ
ds ijh{k.k x<<s [kksnuk rFkk vUos"k.kksa ls fuEu
tkudkfj;ka izkIr gksrh gSA
1- fofHkUu ijrksa dh eksVkbZ foLrkj ,oa laxBu
2- vUr% Hkhe tyLrj
3- e`nk ijrksa dh ykxr lkeF;Z ,oa leth·;=k
4- pêku dh xgjkbZ
blls lajpuk dh uho dh pquko djus esa lgk;rk feyrh
gSA
DETAILED INVESTIGATION - cM+h o egRoiw.kZ rFkk

tfVy leL;kvksa ds fy, foLr`r vUos"k.k dh vko';drk

iM+rh gS blds vUrxZr e`nk o vi:i.k lkeF;Z /kkj.k ;k
{kerk ?kuRo lwpdkad vkfn dk v/;;u fd;k tkrk gSA
ORIENTATION OF BUILDING
ok;q dh fn'kk ,oa lw;Z dh fn'kk dh fLFkfr esa Hkou
ds lkeus okyh lkbM dh fn'kk dh fLFkfr esa Hkou dk
fnd LFkkiu dgykrk gSA Hkou fnuLFkkiu esa pquko
esa fuEu ckrksa dk fo'ks"k :i ls /;ku fn;k tkrk gSA
 1- lw;Z ,oa {ks= dh mPprk,¡
2- o"kZ esa fofHkUu le;ksa esa gok dh fLFkfr
3- izR;sd {ks= dh fn'kk] /kwi dh rhozrk o tyok;q
dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ fHkUu&2 gksrh gSA
4- vr% Hkou ds fnd LFkkiu esa vyx&vyx Hkwfe
{ks= ds fy, vyx&2 gksrh gSA {ks=ksa dks leku
:i ls rhu oxksZa esa ckVk x;k gSA
1- m".k ,oa vknz {ks=
2- m".k ,oa 'kqYd {ks=
3- igkM+h {ks=
HOT AND HUMIDRAGON - bl {ks= esa tyok;q ue jgrh
gSA o"kkZ vf/kd vkSj xfeZ;ksa esa rkieku vf/kd gks
tkrk gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkou dk
8

fndLFkkiu ,oa vfHkdYiu ,slk gksuk pkfg, fd Hkou esa

gok dk izok iz;qDr :i
ls gks lds rkfd Hkou ds vUnj rkieku vuqdwfyr jgsA vr
% Hkou dh fn'kk ds vuqdwy gksuk pkfg, rFkk
f[kM+fd;k¡ uhps ry ij yxk;h tk,A
HOT AND ORIDREGION - bl {ks= esa tyok;q ue jgrh gSA
fnu ds le; rkieku cgqr vf/kd rFkk jkr ds le; B.Mh
gksrh gS bu {ks=ksa esa /kqi o ikS/kksa ls cPpk o
rFkk blds lkFk&lkFk tkM+ksa esa m"ek dh foltZu dh
oj degksuh pkfg,A bu {ks=ksa esa m"ek Hkou dh
yEckbZ nhokj mÙkj& nf{k.k fn'kk esa rFkk NksVh
nhokjsa if'pe fn'kk esa gksuh pkfg,A rkfd nksigj ds
le; lw;Z dh fdj.ksa Hkou ds U;wure {ks= esa iM+s
rFkk Hkou esa f[kM+fd;k nf{k.k fn'kk esa yxkuh
pkfg, ftlls tkM+ksa esa dejksa esa /kwi vk ldsA
HILLY REGION - bl {ks=ksa esa rkiØe lkekU;r% cgqr
de gksrk gSA vr% Hkou dk fnd~ LFkkiu bl izdkj
gksuk pkfg, fd Hkou esa vf/kd ls vf/kd le; rd jgrh
gSA f[kM+fd;k¡ njokts jks'kunku NksVs o lgh fLFkfr
esa yxkus pkfg, rkfd B.M cgqr de vk, blds lkFk&lkFk
fpukbZ dh nhokjsa eksVh gksuh pkfg, rkfd lafpr
m"ek de le; rd lafpr jg ldsA
VENTILATION - laokru dk rkRi;Z Hkou esa rkth gok ds

izos'k rFkk nwf"kr gok dk fudkl rFkk dejks esa gok

dk mfpr izokg cuk, j[kukA vPNs laokru ds fy, Hkou
esa jks'kunku o f[kM+fd;k i;kZIr lkbt o la[;k esa
gksus pkfg,A Hkou esa f[kM+fd;ksa dk {ks=Qy dejs
ds Q'kZ ds {ks=Qy dk gS Hkkx gksuk pkfg,
f[kM+fd;ksa dh nsgy Q'kZ ry ls 10 ls-eh- rFkk 90 ls-
eh- rd gksuh pkfg, jks'kunku Nr ls 50 ls-eh- uhps
gksuk pkfg,A
SELECTION OF SITE FOR BUILDING -
,d lkoZtfud Hkou esa vf/kxzg.k pquko esa fuEu
okyksa ij fo'ks"k /;ku nsuk pkfg,A
1- Hkou LFky [kqys LFkku ij gksuk pkfg, rFkk
xkWo o 'kgj ds ikl gksuk pkfg,A
 2- Hkou LFky lqjf{kr LFkku ij gksuk pkfg,A
9
3- Hkou LFky vf/kd Hkjko dh tehu ij ugh gksuk
pkfg,A

4- Hkou ds fy, vPNh lM+ds rFkk ty fudklh dh mfpr

O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A
BUILDING BY LAWS - fofHkUu LFkkuh; fudk; tSls &

egkikfydk uxj ikfydk] Vkmu ,fj;k desVh rFkk

egkuxjksa dks cpkus ds mís'; ls dqN fu;e cuk, tkrs
gSA ftUgs Hkou vf/kfu;e dgrs gS dqN lkekU; Hkou
vf/kfu;e fuEu gSa
HIGHT OF PLINTH - Hkou ds jkLrs o ihNs ls tkus okys
jkLrs ls de ls de 30 ls-eh- Å¡pkbZ ij gksuk pkfg,A
WALL THICKNESS - fdlh nhokj dh eksVkbZ eafty ds
1@16 Hkkx ls de ugh gksuk pkfg,A
HIGHT OF ROOM - fofHkUu dejks dh Q'kZ ls eafty
lhfyax dh Å¡pkbZ fuEu izdkj gksuk pkfg,A
1- eq[; dejs dh Å¡pkbZ ¾ 3-3 ,e
2- Luku 'kkSpky; rFkk LVksj :e dh Å¡pkbZ ¾ 2-8 ,e
3- jlksbZ ?kj dh Å¡pkbZ ¾ 3-0 ,e
4- VkWM dh Å¡pkbZ ¾ 2-1 ,e
COVERED AREA- fdlh Hkh IykV ds iqjs {ks=Qy dks
<dus dh vuqefr ugh nh tkrh gSA cktkjksa o ?kus
{ks=ksa esa fufeZr {ks=Qy dk 60 izfr'kr ls vf/kd
ugh gksuk pkfg, rFkk ;g vf/kdre 75 izfr'kr gks ldrk
gSA ijUrq vkS|ksfxd {ks=ksa esa ;g 60 zfr'kr ls
vf/kd ugh gksuk pkfg, 'kgjksa ds e/; U;wure fufeZr
{ks= 66 2@3 izfr'kr rd j[kk tk ldrk gSA
OPEN SPACE- Hkou IykV ds lkus] ik'oZ o ihNs dh lkbM
esa [kqy LFkku fuEu izdkj gksuk pkfg,A

10
IN FRONT- IykV ds ihNs dh lkbM ls de 6-5 ,e
[kqykLFkku gksuk pkfg,A ;fn Hkou ds ihNs dksbZ
lM+d ij rks lM+d ds nwljh vksj cus Hkou ds dkV ds
fcUnq ls 67 1@2 dk m/okZ/kj dks.k Hkou ds fdlh
Hkkx dks dkVuk pkfg,A

BUILDING ARRON - tks Hkh O;fDr dksbZ u;k fuekZ.k ;k

fufeZr Hkou esa dqN ifjorZu pkgrk g rks mls
LFkkuh; izfrfuf/k;ksa dk ikyu djrs gq, uD'ks cuokuk
gksrk gSA
blds ckn og bl uD'ks dks LFkkuh; ls fu/kkZfjr izk:i ij
vko';d Qhl ds lkFk tek djrk gSA
Hkou Lokeh dks LFkkuh; dk;kZy; esa uD'ks
fof'k"V;k¡ ,oa Qhl tek djus ds ckn 45 fnu ds vUnj
dk;kZy; Lokeh dks uD'ks dks Lohd`fr] vLohd`fr ,oa
vkifÙk ds fo"k; esa lwfpr djsxkA ;fn dk;kZy; bl fo"k;
esa dksbZ lwpuk ugh nsrk gS rks uD'ks dh Lohd`fr
ekuk tk ldrk gSA uD'ks ds Lohd`fr dh vof/k 3 o"kZ
gksrh gSA ;fn Lohd`fr ds 1 o"kZ rd fuekZ.k dk;Z
ugh fd;k x;k gS rks Lohd`fr dks iqu% vuqeksnu djuk
gksrk gSA

11
SURVEY

losZ{k.k og dyk gS ftlesa Hkwi`"B HkwxHkZ o

vkdk'kh; esa fLFkr fofHkUu fcUnqvksa o vkd`fr;ksa
ds lkis{k LFky o muds chp {kSfrt nwjh mPprk ,oa
dks.kh; eki ysdj LFkkfir dh tkrh gSA
losZ{k.k dk eq[; mís'; fdlh {ks= dk Iyku ;k
ekufp= ,d NksVs iSekus ij fo{ksi gSA ftl ij {kSfrt
nwfj;k¡ ,oa dks.k n'kkZ;s tkrs gSA
losZ{k.k }kjk ekufp= ls vfHkdYiu dk;Z dykvksa dks
{ks= ds okjs esa iqjh tkudkjh gks tkrh gSA fdlh Hkh
ifj;kstuk dh LFkkiuk o vfHkdYiu djus ls igys mlls
lEcfU/kr lHkh rF;ksa dks bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gS blds
fy, fuEu losZ{k.k fd, tkrs gSA
1- Reconaissance Survey
2- Preliminary Survey
3- Final Location Survey
4- Construction Survey
RECONAISSANCE SURVEY- Hkwfe dh izd`fr ,oa fn'kk
Kkr djus ds fy, ;g losZ{k.k fd;k tkrk gSA
PRELIMINARY SURVEY - bl losZ{k.k ds vUrxZr
fuekZ.k LFky dks fpafgr fd;k tkrk gS rFkk mldh
fLFkfr n'kkZ;h tkrh gSA
CONSTRUCTION SURVEY - bl losZ{k.k ds vUrxZr
vfHkdYiu ds vuqlkj Iyku cuk;k tkrk gS rFkk fuekZ.k
ls lEcfU/kr lHkh losZ{k.k fd, tkrs gSaA
1. Plane Table Survey
2. Contouring Survey
PLANE TABLE SURVEY :- iVy losZ{k.k] /kjrh losZ{k.k
dh ,d ,slh ys[kk fp=h; fof/k gS] ftlesa {ks=h; izs{k.k
vkSj vadu nkuksa dk;Z lkFk&lkFk {ks=
 12
esa lEiUu fd, tkrs gSA cM+s {ks=ksa dk NksVs
iSekus ij LFkykd`frd losZ{k.k djus ds fy,]
tgk¡ vR;kf/kd ifj'kq)rk dh vko';drk ugh gS iVy
losZ{k.k viuk;k tkrk gSA
PURPOSE OF PLANE TABLE SURVEY :- iVy losZ{k.k dk
eq[; mís'; {ks= dk uD'kk rS;kj djuk gSA ftl ij lHkh
fLFkfr;k¡ o vkd`fr;k¡ n'kkZ;h tkrh gSA
INSTRUMENT USED
1. Plane Table
2. Tripod
3. Alidade
4. Plumb. Bob
5. Spirit Level
6. Trough Composs
7. Ranging Rod
8. Drawing Sheet
9. Theodolite
SETTING UP THE PLANE TABLE SURVEY:-
1. Centring
2. Levelling
3. Orientation
CENTRING
dsUnz.k og lfØ;k gS ftlesa lhV ij vafdr fcUnq dks
i`oh ij LFkkfir fd;k tkrk gS vFkkZr~ Bhd Åij fy;k tkrk
gSA ;g dk;Z U FORK dh uksd dks vFkok lkgqy dh
lgk;rk ls fd;k tkrk gS iqjs iVy dks LVs'ku fcUnq ds Åij
bl izdkj j[kk tkrk gSA rkfd lkgqy LVs'ku ds Åij
Å/okZ/kj voLFkk esa vk tk,A

13

METHOD OF PLANE TABLE SURVEY

iVy losZ{k.k dh fuEu pkj fof/k;k¡ gSA
1- Radiation
2- Intersection
3- Traversing
4- Resection
RADIATION : bl fLFkfr esa iVy dks dsoy ,d gh fcUnq ij
LFkkfir djds LVs'ku ls lHkh y{;ksa dh vksj js[kk,
[khph tkrh gS y{; ls LVs'ku fcUnq ds chp dh nwjh
ekidj mfpr iSekuk ekudj lhph xbZ js[kk ij dkV dj
vHkh"V fcUnqvksa dks lhV ij vafdr dj ysrs gSA
lEiw.kZ losZ{k.k dks djus ds fy, ;g fof/k mi;ksxh ugh
gSA vU; fof/k;ksa ds lkFk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
INTERSECTION : bl fof/k esa vkjs[ku LVs'ku ls mldh
vksj [khph xbZ js[kkvksa ds ifjPNsn }kjk fd;k tkrk
gSA LVs'ku fcUnqvksa dks feykus okyh BASE LINE
dh yEckbZ ukih tkrh gS bl izdkj bldk mi;ksx nwjLFk
fcUnqvksa dh lhekvksa dh vkjEHk ds vkjs[ku esa
fd;k tkrk gSA
TRAVERSING : tc LVs'ku fcUnqvksa dh chp dh nwjh
dk ekiu vkLFkuh ls fd;k tkrk gSA og Li"V :i ls
fn[kkbZ ns vkSj blds lkFk & lkFk TRAVERSING ds
dsUnz esa dksbZ ,slk mfpr LVs'ku miyC/k u gks ftlls
vU; LVs'kuksa ds iw.kZr% fu;af=r fd;k tk ldsA rc ,slh
fLFkfr esa ;g fof/k iz;ksx esa yk;h tkrh gSA
RESESTION : bl fof/k dk iz;ksx dsoy fcUnqvksa dh
fLFkfr vafdr djus esa fd;k tkrk gSA LVs'ku blesa
dsoy jSf[kd ekiksa dh vko';drk iM+rh gSA LVs'ku
fcUnqvksa dk vadu djus ds fy, vkl&ikl ds fooj.kksa
dks fooj.k }kjk vkjsf[kr fd;k tkrk gSA

14
lery og izfØ;k gS ftlesa lery iVy ds fcUnq ds Åij
ik.kly j[kdj lery fd;k tkrk gSA iVy leryu ds leryu iV
dks LVs'ku fcUnq ds Åij LFkkfir djds f=ikn ds
Vk¡xksa dks QSykdj iVy dk yxHkx lery dj fy;k tkrk
gSA rRi'pkr lery ikn isapksa dh lgk;rk ls Iysu Vscy
dks ?kqekdj lery dj ysrs gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ccy
dsUnz esa jgrk gSA lery iVy dks ftl dks.k ij ?kqek;k
tkrk gS rks Hkh iVy lery jgrk gSA
3. OREINTATION
;g og izfØ;k gS ftlds }kjk igy dks izR;sd vkxkeh
LVs'ku ij LFkkfir fd;k tkrk gSA rkfd og viuh iwoZ
fLFkfr ds lE;Urj gks tk, ;g nks fof/k;ksa ls fd;k tkrk
gSA
1- By trough compass
2- By Back Sighting
pSu o dEikl losZ{k.k }kjk rS;kj uewuk uD'ks ls {ks=
dh Å¡pkbZ o xgjkbZ ds ckjs esa dksbZ tkudkjh izkIr
ugh gksrh gSA tcfd bathfu;fjax esa bldh vko';drk
iM+rh gSA vr% flfoy bath0 dk;Z ds {ks= dk leksPp
uD'kk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA blls {ks= ds ckjs esa
tkudkjh izkIr gksrh gSA leksPp js[kk {ks= esa le;
mPprk dks feykus okyh dkfYifud js[kk gksrh gSA
OBJECT OF CONTOUR - leksPp uDs'ks dk fuekZ.k djus ls

gesa fuEu tkudkjh izkIr gksrh gSA

1- {ks= dk izdkj
2- dUVwj uD'ks dk fujh{k.k djds vf/kd ferO;;h
vFkok mi;qDr LFky dk p;u djds
3- fofHkUu dk;ksZa ds fy, vko';d dh x.kuk djds
leksPp uD'ks }kjk Hkh dh tkrh gSA
CONTOUR LINE :- leksPp js[kk ,slh dkYifud js[kk gS tks
tehu ij ,d gh Å¡pkbZ ds fcUnqvksa dks feykrh gSA
15
CONTOUR INTERVAL :- nks Øekxr leksPp js[kkvksa ds

chp mnxz nwjh dks leksPp js[kkUrj dgrs gSA ,d

ud'ks esa leksPp js[kkUrj ,d gh j[kk tkrk gS vU;Fkk
og tehu dh vkd`fr;ksa dk Bhd fp=.k ugh djsxkA
HORIZENTAL :- ;g nks Øekxr js[kkvksa dh {kSfrt nwjh
gksxhA
NATURE OF GROUND :- leku Hkwfe <ky okyh ;g likV
Hkwfe ds leksPp uD'ks ds rS;kj djus esa leksPp
js[kkUrj Øe fy;k tkrk gSA ;fn tehu mcM+ [kkcM+
gksus ij ogk¡ ij b.Vjoy cgqr ikl&ikl gksus ls uD'kk f?
kpfipk gks tkrk gSA
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTOURS :- leksPp js[kkvksa ds

vfHky{k.k fuEufyf[kr gS &

1- ,d leksPp js[kk ij fLFkr lHkh fcUnqvksa dh
mPprk leku gksrh gSA leku eku okyh nks
leksPp js[kk, dHkh Hkh feydj ,d js[kk dk :i ugh
ysrh gSA
2- tc leksPp js[kkvksa dh {kSfrt nwjh vf/kd gks
rks ;s piVh Hkwfe iznf'kZr djrh gSA
3- leku vUrjky ij fLFkr leksPp js[kk,¡ tehu ds leku :i
esa <ky gksus dk izek.k gSA
4- tc fdlh uD'ks ij Øekxr cUn leksPp js[kkvksa dk
eku vUnj dks c<+ jgk gS rks os igkM+h ;k
Vhys dks iznf'kZr djrh gSA
5- tc Øekxr cUn leksPp js[kkvksa ds eku uD'ks ij
vUnj dh rjQ ?kV jgs gS rks os ?kkVh] >hy]
iks[kj ;k x<~<s dks iznf'kZr djrk gSA
TYPE OF CONTOUR :- leksPp js[kk, fuEu nks izdkj dh

gksrh gSA
 1- Level Contour
2- Grade Contour
LEVEL CONTOUR - leku mPprk okys fcUnqvksa dks
feykus okyh js[kk dks lery leksPp js[kk vFkok leksPp
js[kk dgrs gSA

16
2. GRADE CONTOUR - Hkwfe ij ,d fuf'pr <ky ij yxk;s x;s

fcUnqvksa dks feykus okyh js[kk dks leksPp <ky

js[kk dgrs gS ugjksa ds lajs{k.k esa bldh ryh dh
leksPp <ky ij j[kk tkrk gSA

METHOD OF CONTOUR
1- Direct Method
2- Indirect Method
DIRECT METHOD : leksPp js[k.k dh bl fof/k esa okafNr

eku dh leksPp js[kk ij iM+us okys vusd fcUnqvksa

dks {ks= esa txg&txg rys{k.k xt j[kdj <w<k tkrk
gSA vc bu fcUnqvksa dk losZ{k.k djds ,d lhV ij
vafdr dj fy;k tkrk gS vkSj mudks feykrs gq, leksPp
js[kk [khph tkrh gSA blh izdkj vU; eku dh leksPp
js[kkvksa dk Hkh tehu ij vuqjs[ku fd;k tkrk gSA
leksPp js[kk dh ;g ,d ifj'kq) fof/k gS] ijUrq /kheh vkSj
Jelk/; gS ;g fof/k NksVs {ks=ksa ds fy, gh Bhd jgrh
gSA
INDIRECT METHOD : Indirect Method nzoxkeh Je lk/; o de
[kpZ okyh gSA leksPp js[k.k ds fy, lkekU;r% vizR;{k
fof/k iz;ksx dh tkrh gSA bu fof/k;ksa esa lEiw.kZ
{ks= esa fofHkUu js[kkvksa dh J`a[kyk, fcNk yh
tkrh gSA vc bu js[kkvksa ij ,d iw.kZ fu/kkZfjr
nwfj;ksa ij LFkyh; ysoy ys fy;k tkrk gSA Hkwfe lrg ij
fLFkr fcUnqvksa dk leryh; ry vFkok mPprk ml fcUnq
LFkyh; ysoy ;k LFkyh; Å¡pkbZ dgykrh gSA LFkyh;
ysoy js[kkvsa dh fu/kkZfjr nwfj;ksa ds vfrfjr fofHkUu
fcUnqvksa tSls /kkjh js[kkvksa mBku vcikr rFkk tgk¡
ij {ks= esa egRoiw.kZ ifjorZu gksrs gS ij Hkh fy,
tkrs gS ;g fuEu izdkj ds gksrs gSA
1- Method of Cross Section
2- Method of Square
By Cross Section Method : ;g fof/k jkrs vFkok lajs{k.k
losZ{k.k tSls lM+d jsyos ykbu] ugj dh e/; js[kk ds
laj{k.k ij mi;qDr vUrjky ij vuqizLk dkV fy, tkrs gS ;g
dkV vko';d ugh gS fd Bhd izdkj e/; js[kk j gks cfYd
17
fdlh hkh dks.k ij fy[kk tk ldrk gSA ;g fof/k tehuh
izkd`frd rFkk losZ{k.k dk;ksZa dks egRo ls fuf'pr dj
ysrs gSA ioZrh; {ks= esa ;g nwjh 20 ,e rFkk eSnkuh
{ks= esa 100 ,e rd yh tkrh gSA izR;sd vuqizLFk dkV
ij yEckbZ de ls de 24 ,e gksuh pkfg,A 12 ,e e/; js[kk
ds nk;h vksj 12 ,e ok;h vksj gks izR;sd dkV nk;s ck;s
3&3 fy, tk, dVku fcUnq ij ih,y dh x.kuk djrs gSA
BY SQUARE METHOD : bl fof/k esa lEiw.kZ {ks= dks
mi;qDr vkdkj ds oxksZa esa oksV fy;k tkrk gS rFkk
oxZ ds lc dksuksa ij [kwfV;ka xkM+ fy;k tkrk gSA
oxksZa dk vkdkj 5MX5M ls 20MX20M j[kk tkrk gSA leLr
{ks= esa oxksZa dk vkdj leku gksuk pkfg, {ks= dh
vlekurkvksa ds vuqlkj oxZ ds NksVs vkdkj esa
NksVk j[kk tk ldrk gSA vc yscy midj.k ,oa xt dh
lgk;rk ls oxksZa ds dksuks ij ikB~~;kad ysdj lekuhr
ry Kkr fd, tkrk gSA vc oxksZa ds uD'ks ij vkyksfdr dj
fy;k tkrk gSA izR;sd dksuks ij mldk lekuhr ry Kkr dj
fy;k tkrk gSA
 18
ANALYSIS & DESIGN

DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS SLAB - (TWO WAY)

Given data - Concrete grade M20 cbe = 7 N/mm2
Steel Grade FE- 250 st = 140 N/mm2

M = 280/3 cbc
= 280/ (3  7) = 13.33
(1) Design Constant -
(2) Assumedepth - 170 MM
Cover 20 MM
Depth = 170 - 20 = 150 MM
assume b= 1000 MM
(3) Load /M2
i. Live load = 2000 N
ii. Self Weight ( 110.7125000)= 4250 N
iii. Wb of finishing ( 110.02524000)= 600 N
Total Weight= 6850 N
= 6.85 kN
(4) Bending Moment coefficient
Case 2 One Short edge discontinuous
for Pannels (1), (2), (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
(11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20)
(21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30)
(31) (32) (33)
Effective Span for Shorter Span For longer Span
(i) 4.5 + 0.3 = 4.8 m (i) 5.4 +0.3 = 5.7 M
(ii) 4.5+0.15 = 4.65 M (ii) 5.4+0.15 = 5.55 M
 19
= ly/lx   = 5.55/4.65 = 1.1935 Kg
Negative Moment at Continuous Edge -
x = 0.043 + (0.048-0.043)0.0935 = 0.047677
0.1
x = 0.047677
y = 0.028
for pannel (8)
Effective Span  for shorter span For longer span
(i) 4.95 + 0.3 = 5.25 M (i) 5.4 +0.3 = 5.7 M
(ii) 4.95+0.15 = 5.05 M (ii) 5.4+0.15 = 5.55 M
lx=5.05 M ly = 5.55 M
= ly/lx   = 5.55/5.05 = 1.099009
Negative Moment at Continuous edge -
x = 0.037 + (0.043-0.037)0.099009 = 0.042940
0.1
x = 0.042940
y = 0.037
Positive Moment of Mid Span -
x = 0.028 + (0.033-0.028)0.099009 = 0.0032950
0.1
y = 0.028
for pannel (36)
Effective Span  for shorter span For longer span
(i) 4.5 + 0.3 = 4.8 M (i) 4.8 +0.3 = 5.1 M
(ii) 4.5+0.15 = 4.65 M (ii) 4.8+0.15 = 4.95 M
lx=4.65 M ly = 4.95 M
= ly/lx   = 4.95/4.65 = 1.064516
 20
Negative Moment at Continuous edge -
x = 0.037 + (0.043-0.037) 0.064516 = 0.0408709
0.1
y = 0.037
Positive Moment of Mid Span -
x = 0.028 + (0.033-0.028) 0.064516
0.1
x = 0.0312258
y = 0.028
for pannel (18)
Effective Span  for shorter span For longer span
(i) 3.6 + 0.3 = 3.9 M (i) 5.4 +0.3 = 5.70 M
(ii) 3.6+0.15 = 3.75 M (ii) 5.4+0.15 = 5.55 M
lx=3.75 M ly = 5.55 M
= ly/lx   = 5.55/3.75 = 1.48
Negative Moment at Continuous edge -
x = 0.055 + (0.057-0.055) 0.08 = 0.0566
0.1
y = 0.037
Positive Moment of Mid Span -
x = 0.041 + (0.044-0.041) 0.08
0.1
x = 0.0434
y = 0.028

Case 4 Two Ajecent edges Discontinuous (9), (34) (35) for Pannel (9)
 21
Effective Span  for shorter span For longer span

(i) 4.95 + 0.3 = 5.25 M (i) 5.4 +0.3 = 5.70 M

(ii) 4.95+0.15 = 5.05 M (ii) 5.4+0.15 = 5.55 M
lx=5.05 M ly = 5.55 M
= ly/lx   = 5.55/5.05 = 1.099009
Negative Moment at Continuous edge -
x = 0.047 + (0.053+0.047) 1.099009 = 0.052940
0.1
y = 0.047
Positive Moment of Mid Span -
x = 0.035 + (0.040+0.035) 1.099009
0.1
x = 0.039950
y = 0.035
for Pannel (34)
Effective Span  for shorter span For longer span
(i) 5.4 + 0.3 = 5.70 M (i) 6.9 +0.3 = 7.2 M
(ii) 5.4+0.15 = 5.55 M (ii) 6.9+0.15 = 7.05 M
lx=5.55 M ly = 7.05 M
= ly/lx   = 5.55/7.05 = 1.270270
Negative Moment at Continuous edge -
x = 0.060 + (0.065-0.060) 0.070270 = 0.063513
0.1
y = 0.035

for Pannel (35)

 22
Effective Span  for shorter span For longer span

(i) 4.2 + 0.3 = 4.5 M (i) 4.8 +0.3 = 5.1 M

(ii) 4.2+0.15 = 4.35 M (ii) 4.8+0.15 = 4.95 M
lx=4.35 M ly = 4.95 M
= ly/lx   = 4.35/4.35 = 1.137931
Negative Moment at Continuous edge -
x = 0.053 + (0.060-0.053) 0.037931 = 0.55655
0.1
y = 0.047
Positive Moment at Continuous edge -
x = 0.040 + (0.045-0.040) 0.037931 = 0.041896
0.1
y = 0.035

23
 BENDING MOMENT

For Pannels - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,
25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33.
lx = 4.65 M
Supports - Mx = x Wl2x = 0.0476776.85 4.652 = 7.061637 KN-M
My = y W2x = 0.0376.85 4.652 = 5.480222 KN-M
Mid Span - Mx = 0.035741  6.85  4.652 = 5.293746 kN-M
My = 0.0286.85 4.652 = 4.147195 KN-M
For Pannels - (8)
lx = 5.05 M
Supports - Mx = 0.0429406.85 5.052 = 7.501279 KN-M
My = 0.0376.85 5.052 = 6.463608 KN-M
Mid Span - Mx = 0.032950  6.85  5.052 = 5.756105 kN-M
My = 0.0286.85 5.052 = 4.891379 KN-M
For Pannels - (36)
lx = 4.65 M
Supports - Mx = 0.04087096.85 4.652 = 6.053557 KN-M
My = 0.0376.85 4.652 = 5.480222 KN-M
Mid Span - Mx = 0.0312258  6.85  4.652 = 4.624982 kN-M
My = 0.0286.85 4.652 = 4.147195 KN-M
For Pannels - (18)
lx = 3.75 M
Supports - Mx = 0.05666.85 3.752 = 5.452171 KN-M
My = 0.0376.85 3.752 = 3.564140 KN-M
Mid Span - Mx = 0.0434  6.85  3.752 = 4.180640 kN-M
My = 0.0286.85 3.752 = 2.697187 KN-M
For Pannels - (3)
lx = 5.05 M
Supports - Mx = 0.0529406.85 5.052 = 9.248201 KN-M
My = 0.0476.85 5.052 = 8.210529 KN-M
24
Mid Span - Mx = 0.039950  6.85  5.052 = 6.978950 kN-M
My = 0.0356.85 5.052 = 6.114224 KN-M
For Pannels - (34)
lx = 5.55 M
Supports - Mx = 0.0635136.85 5.552 = 13.401060 KN-M
My = 0.0476.85 5.552 = 9.916864 KN-M
Mid Span - Mx = 0.047810  6.85  5.552 = 10.148961 kN-M
My = 0.0356.85 5.552 = 6.092098 KN-M
For Pannels - (35)
lx = 4.35 M
Supports - Mx = 0.0556556.85 4.352 = 7.213952 KN-M
My = 0.0476.85 4.352 = 6.092098 KN-M
Mid Span - Mx = 0.041896  6.85  4.352 = 5.430522 kN-M
My = 0.0356.85 4.352 = 4.536693 KN-M
MAX BENDING MOMENT
Supports - Mx = 13.401060 KN-M My = 9.916864 KN-M
Mid Span - Mx = 10.148961 kN-M My = 7.384899 KN-M
Men L.B. M. = 13.401066 KN- M
6. DEPTH OF SLAB = d = M/rb
R = 1.22 b= 1000 MM
d = 104.806 MM

Deflection esa lqj{kk ds fy, d= 140 mm

D= 140 + 20 = 160 mm
7. Area of Steel - for all pannels
Main Steel - provide 10 mm of bar both ways
Short span lx = 5.55
Mid Span Ast. = Mx / st  1d = 10.148961 106 = 595.177 mm2
1400.87140
Spacing = 78.539  1000 = 131.96 or 130 mm
595.177
Provided 10 MM bar @ 130 MMN C/c
25
Support = Ast2 = 13.401060106 = 785.89
1400.87140
Alternate bew are bent up all from support is both direction Balance Steel = 785.89 -
595.177 = 190.71 mm2
Spacing = 78.539  1000 = 165.805 mm2
473.682
Additional steel comm bar @ 480 C/c
8. CHECK FOR SHEAR
(1) Sher force for shorter span = 1/3 Wlx = 1/3 x 6850 x 5.55
Vdx = 12672.5 N
Shear force for longer span (ly/lx/2+ly/lx)x Wlx
= 1.27027/3.27027 x 6850x 5.55
Vly = 14767.12 N
Max S.F. = 14767.12
Shear Stress Z v= 14767.12/ 1000 x 140 = 0.105 N/mm2 {Zv2 V/bd}
d = 140 mm fy;k tk,xk D;ksafd uhpyh iafMr dh NM+s drZu ea igys
izHkkfor [k.M gksxh blesa bLikr dk izfr'kr
9. Check for development length
(i) for shorter span -
M1 = st  Ast/2 : 1d
= (140595.1770.81 140 )/ 2 = 5074429.10 N-MM
DESIGN CONTINUOUS SLAB (ONE WAY)
Given data - Concrete Grade M20 cbe = 7 N/mm2
Steel Grade Fe250  = 140 N/mm2
M = 13.33

1- DESIGN CONSTANT -
(1) k = 0.4 (2) J = 0.87 (3) R =1.22
2- Assume depth of slab D = 4000/26 = 153.84 = 160 mm
3- deff. = 160-20 = 140 MM
26
3.- EFFECTIVE SPAN - fljksa okys ikVks dk 'kq) ikV4.0 - 0.15 =
3.85
Hkhrjh ikVks dk 'kq) ikV 4-0 & 3 ¾ 3-70 ,e fljs okys ikV dh
izHkkoh yEckbZ ¼1½ 3-70$ 0-3 ¾4-0 ,e ¼2½ 3-70$0-14
¾3-8 ,e
l2 eff = 3.84 M
4- LOAD/M - 25 cm the floor finishing (1 x1x0.025x24000) = 600 N
Self Wt of Slab (1x0.16x25000) = 4000 N
Dead load (wt) = 4600 N
Live load (Ws) = 2000 N
Total = 11200 N
5- Max. B.M. = 10861.04 NM
6- Depth of Slab -

But design of two way slab D = 160 MM, d= 140 mm

7- STEEL IN REINFORCEMENT -

Use 10 MM bar then

Spacing =
Provided 10 MM of bar @ 120 MM c/c
8- Check for Minimum Steel

Ast = 636.936 MM2

27
Ao < Ast Hence Ok
10. Check For shear Force - Max. S.F. V = 15800.4 N
Nominal Shear stress =
Percentage of Steel provided =

permissible shear stress as per I.s. Code = 0.29 N/mm2

Shear stress for a slab = 0.29 1.25 = 0.3626 N/ mm2
Zmax = 0.9
Zmax>Zc>Zv
11- CHECK FOR DEVELOPMENT LENGTH -
M = 10861.04  103 N -mm
V = 15800.4 N
L0 = 12  10 = 120 mm
L0 = 140 mm

Hence Ok

vr% Lyst fodkl yEckbZ esa lqjf{kr gSA

DESIGN OF T. BEAM
Given data

28
M20 = cbc = 7 N/mm2
Fe415 = st = 230 N/mm2
M=

1. DFESIGN CONSTANT

a.

b.

c.

2. Assume Depth -

Use deff = 460 MM Cover 40 MM

Over all depth D= 500 MM
3. EFFECTIVE SPAN
a. 3.0 + 0.3 = 9.3 M
b. 9.0 + 0.46 = 9.46 M
leff = 9.3 M
4. LOAD/M
Live load = 2000 N
Wt of Slab (110067.5 (9.3) = 11835.2 N
Wt of finsihing for slab (16510.12/9.3)=17752.28N
Wt of Rib (0.310.3425000) = 2550.0 N
Total = 18160.48
= 18161

29
5. MAXIMUM B.M.

6. DEPTH OF BEAM
deff = 460 MM & cover = 40 MM D= 500 MM

7. LEVER ARM
Z = 0.9  460
Z = 414 MM
8. APPROX AREA OF STEEL

= 2061.99 MM2
SNOS of 24 MM
Actual Area Of Steel Ast = 2261.946 MM2
9. EFFECTIVE WIDTH OF FLANGE -
(i) bf = l0/6 + bw * 6Df (ii) bf = bw +c/c distance between
panels
= 9000/6 + 300 + 6 160 = 300 +4000 -300
= 2760 MM = 4000 MM
bf = 2760 MM

30
10.DEPTH OF N.A.

= 2944 (x-80)+(x-160)2 =201.01 (460-x)

= x2 + 2825.01 - 302385.33 = 0
x= 103.26 MM
pwfd cy 'kwU; js[kk LySc ds Hkhrj fLFkr gSA vr% ,d lkekU;
che cu tkrk gSA vr% cy 'kwU; js[kk
 x = 89.92 M

11.CHECK FOR STRESSES -

C = 3.677 N/mm2 <cbc (SAFE)

f= 201.72 < st (SAFE)

31
12.CHECK FOR MINIMUM STEEL REINFORCEMENT

= 282.65 mm < 2261.94 MM

13.CHECK FOR SHEAR Clear span = 9M

Shear force

Shear stress

ruu cyu NM+ ds fy, 5 NM+s xyh xbZ gSA

ftuesa nks NM+s vkyEcksa ls ikg 116 dh nwjh ij
lekIr fd;k tk;sxk vr% vkyEcksa ds fudV ryh ij 3
 'ks"k jg tkrk gSA ryh esa miyC/k NM+ksa ds
vuqlkj [k.M esa bLikr dk izfr'kr

Tc permissible shear stress as per I.S. Code = 0.387 N/mm2

T max = 1.8
Z max > Zv>Zc vr% drZu izcyu dh vko';drk gSA
14. daØhV [k.M dh drZu lkeF;Z
ve= Zebd = 0.0387300460 = 53406N
'ks"k drZu cy ftlds fy, f'k;j izcyu Mkyuk gSA
vs= 81724.5-53406= 28318.5 N
32
(ii) Shear strength of bent up bar
Vb = sv x Asv Sin
Vb = 14714828 N
bent up of bar }kjk Shear strength dk eku 147148.28
N okafNr Shear force 28318.5 /2 = 14159.25 fy;k tk;sxk
vkSj 'ks"k 14159.25 N ds fy, mnxz NYys vfHkdfYid
fd;k tk;sxsA
drZu cy Vs = 14159.25 N
Use s8 MM bar then

Spacing
Sv = 751.182 MM = 750 mm
8 mm of bar @ 250 mm c/c
ijUrq ;g vUrjky 0.75 x d = 0.75 x 460 = 345 ;k 300 MM
Which is less
U;wure drZu izcyu ds vk/kkj ij mnxz NYyks dk
vUrjky

DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS BEAM (DOUBLY BEAM)

Know data - M20 = cbc = 7 N/mm2

Fe415 = st = 230 N/mm2
M = 13.33
1. DESIGN CONSTANT (1) K = 0.29 (2) J = 0.29 (iii) R = 0.92
2. ASSUME DEPTH OF BEAM 340 mm B = 300 MM
Top and bottom cover = 40 mm
3. EFFECTIVE SPAN - 4.5 + 0.3 = 4.8 M
4. LOAD/M Live load wf = 2000 N

33
Dead loadwd

(i)

(ii)
(iii) Wt of Self wt = 110.3425000 = 8500 N
TOTAL = 19540 N
Dead load Wd2

Wt of Self wt = 110.3425000 = 8500 N

Total Wdz = 19337.6 N = 19540 N

5. MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENT

M = 50140.16 N-M
M= Moment of resistence of singly reinforced section of given
dimensions
M1 = Rdb2
0.92 300(300)2 = 24840000 N -MM
M2 B.M. for which additional steel required to be provided on lenstion
and compression side.
M2 = Mmax - M1
= 50140.16 103 N-MM
6 - AREA OF STEEL ON TENSHION SIDE (Ast)
 34

Ast = Ast1 + Ast2

= 400 + 423.07 = 823.07 mm2

Use 20 MM & bar

Provided 3 Nos 20 mm bar intension side.

7. AREA OF STEEL ON COMPRESSION SIDE

(Mc-1) Asc (x-dc) = M Ast2 (d-x)
(1.513.33-1) Asc (87-40) = 13.33  423.07 (300-40)
892.765 Asc = 1466276.0

= 1643 MM2

Use 22 MM bar

Provided 5 NOS of bar 22 MM
35
8. CHECK FOR SHEAR -
Max S.F. = 52361.5 N

Tv = Nominal Shear Stress Tv =

% of Steel =

Tc = Permissible Shear stress as per for I.S. Code

Tc = 0.394 N/

Zmax = 1.8
Zmax >Zv >Zc vr% Shear reinforcement djuk iM+sxkA
Vs = V - Zcbd
= 52861.5 - 0.39 300  300 = 17341.5 N
Use 8 mm leg stirrup then


Spacing =

S = 397.88 MM C/C

ijUrq etnwjh 0.75 d = 0.75  300 = 225 MM or 300 MM

9- U;wure drZu cy
vr% Provided 8mm 2 leg sterrups @ 225 C/c

10. CHECK FOR DEVELOPMENT LENGTH

M20 & Fe 415 Zbd = 1.28 N/mm2

36

L0 = 12 20 = 240 MM L0 = 300 MM

L0 = 300 MM

 ¾ 20mm vr% fLFkj.k yEckbZ esa NM+ lqjf{kr gSA

SUMMARY OF DESIGN
1. Depth of beam = 360 mm
2. Steel Reinforcement in tension side 3Nos of 20mm  bar
3. Steel Reinforcement in Compression side 5Nos of 22mm bar
4. Shear Reinforcement 2 leg Stirrup 8 mm of bar @ 22 mm c/c
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Data M20  cbc = 7 N/mm2 cc = 5 N/MM2
Fe415  st = 230 N/mm2 sc = 190 N/mm2
M = 18.33

37
1. DESIGN CONSTANT (i) K = 0.29 (ii) J = 0.90 (iii) R = 0.92
2. LOAD
Wt of Slab = (20.60 0.162500) = 82400 N
Wt of finishing = (20.60 0.02524000) = 12390 N
Wt of beam = (7.5 0.3425000) = 63750 N
Wt of load = (20.66 2000) = 41200 N
TOTAL WT = 199740 N
3. Assume as a certain 1% of A (gross area)
Considering a short Column
Acc cc + Asc sc = W
(A-Asc) cc + Ascsc = W
(A-0.01A)cc + 0.01A sc = W
A = 199740/6.85 = 29159.12 mm2
for rectangular column one dimensions I.S. Code = 300 MM
b= 29159.12/300 = 97.19 mm
Provided 300 200 mm column

check l.eff /5 =

;g eku 12 ls de gSA rks ;g dkye short term gSA

Calculate Asc
Asc = 0.01  300 200
Asc = 600 mm2
Use 20mm bar
at = 314
Nos = 600/314 = 1.92 = 2 No
38

but rectangular column esa pkj ckj ls de ugh Mkyrs gSA

vr% Provided UNOs 20mm bar.
(i) 6 MM
(ii) 1/4  20 = 5 MM
6 MM
Spacing / Pitch of Ties
(i) 100 mm
(ii) 16 = 16 20 = 320 mm
(iii) 300 MM
Spacing = 200 MM
Providing 6mm  log tie @ 200 mm

DESIGN OF FOOTING FOR COLUMN

1-LOAD Load on column 19.97  2 =39.94 T = P

Self Wt. of footing =

e`nk dh Hkkj /kkj.k {kerk p = 15 Vu@ehVj2

2- Area of footing - A = W/P = 43.93/15 = 2.928 m2
pwfd vk;rkdkj ikn dh NksVh Hkqtk 1-2 ,e lhfer dj nh
x;h gSA vr% ckn dh nwljh Hkqtk = 2.928/1.2 = 2.44 MM
Say 2.5 MM

3- NET UPWARD PRESSURE - p = P/A

=
 39

4- DEPTH OF FOOTING -
¼d½ ladu vk?kw.kZ ds vk/kkj ij ikn dh xgjkbZ LrEHk
ij 20 ls-eh- okyksa Qyd ij cadu vk?kw.kZ &
M1 ¾ js[kkPNfnr {ks=Qy  ØkfUrd dkV ls xq#Ro
dsUnz
= 1.2 1.1133133.330.55
= 96654.7975 N MM

Fe415 , M20 st = 230N/mm2, cbc = 7 N/mm2 R= 0.92

LrEHk ds 30 ls-eh- okys Qyd ij cadu vk?kw.kZ &

M2 = 2.5 0.5  133133.33  0.25 = 41604.165 N-M

(b) ?klu ds vk/kkj ikn dh xgjkbZ &

ØkfUrd dkV ij yEckbZ a ¾ 30 $ 63 ¾ 93 ls-eh-
ØkfUrd dkV ij pkSM+kbZ b ¾ 20 $ 63 ¾ 83 ls-eh-

V = P [(AB)+(a'b')]
= 133133.33 [(1.22.5)-(0.930.83)]
= 296634.37 N
lsD'ku dks lUrqfyr ekurs gq, vFkkZr iwcyu bLikr 0-
31 izfr'kr ysrs gq,

40

Zc = 0.24 N/mm2
V = Zv  b0  d
d= V/ b0Zv = b= 2 (93+83) = 352 cm
depth of footing 850 + 50 = 900 MM
5. STEEL REINFORCEMENT
(1) 20 cm Qyd ds fy, ruu bLikr dk {ks=Qy

Use 12MM  bar No = 549.33/113 = 4.86 Say = 5

;g 1.2M ds ikV ij fcNk;h tk;sxhA
vr% 1200@5-1 ¾ 300 c/c
5No bar 12 mm of bar @ 800 mm
(2) 30 cm Qyd ds fy, ruu bLikr dk {ks=Qy &

10 No bar 12 mm bar

41
 DESIGN OF LINTEL

Know data
M20 - cbc = 7 N/mm2
Fe415 - st = 230 N/mm2 Clarspan = 1.2 M
M = 13.33
1. DESIGN CONSTANT - (1) K = 0.29 (II) J = 0.29
(III)R=0.92
2. Assume depth 150 MM 8 cover 20 MM
deff = 150-20 = 130 MM
3. EFFECTIVE SPAN -
1.2 + 0.13 = 1.33 M
1.2 + 0.3 = 1.50 M
eff - 1.33 M
4. LOAD-
(1) f=Hkqt dk fpukbZ Hkkj W1 =

= 2547.216 N
(2) fyUVj dk Lo;a Hkkj W2 =

= 1125 N/M
5. BENDING MOMENT (Maximum)

M1 =

M2 =
Total Max B.M. = 564.63 + 248.75 = 813.38 N-M
42
6. DEPTH OF LINTEL

= 100 mm
 Over all depth = 100 + 20 = 120 MM
7. Steel Reinforcement

= 39.29 MM2

Minimum Steel

vr% Use 8 mm  bar No = 61.44/5.0 = 1.22 = 2

provided 8 mm  bar 2 NOS.

43
ESTIMATING

S.No. Particular s of No,. L(M) B(M) H/D Quantity Remarks

Items (M)
1. E/W in excavation
in foundation of
columns foot and

44
walls
PART
AA'BB'CC'DD'
Column footing 36 2.50 1.20 0.9 97.2m3 C/C=30 M
Wall foundation
(i) long wall 4 12.5 0.9 0.9 40.5m3 L=30-
7x2.5=12.5M
(ii) Short wall 16 4.6 0.9 0.9 59.62m3 C/C=5.6+0.2=5
8M
3
A'B'C'D' Wall 2 9.0 0.9 0.9 7.29m L=5.8-
1.2=4.6M
L=10.2-1.2-
9.0M
3
TOTAL 204.61M
PART EGH
Column footing 22 2.50 1.20 0.9 59.62m3 C/C=34.7 M
wall
foundation L=34.7 -22.5 =
12.2
long wall 2 12.2 0.9 0.9 59.62m3 c/c=9.2 m
L=9.2-
1.25=7.95
Short wall 2 7.95 0.9 0.9 59.62m3 C/C=4.2 M
for stair Room L =4.2-0.6 =3.6
M
Long Wall 2 3.6 0.9 0.9 59.62m3 C/C=3.8
Short Wall 1 2.9 0.9 0.9 59.62m3 L=3.8-
0.9=2.9M
3
F6 Wall 1 9.2 0.9 0.9 3.40m C/C=9.2
L=9.2-
2*2.5=4.2M
3
1 18.5 0.9 0.9 10.94m C/C=14.2+0.2=
14.4
L=14.4-9=13.5
3
TOTAL 114.56 m
PARK HIJK
Column footing 20 2.5 1.2 0.9 54.0 m3
wall foundation
long wall 2 21.7 0.9 0.9 35.15 m3 C/C=44.2
L=49.2-
 9*2.5=21.5
3
Short Wall 7 4.6 0.9 0.9 29.81m C/C=5.6X0.2=5
.8
L=5.8-1.2=4.6
W.C. ROOM
W.C. Wall C/C=7.2
long Wall 1 6.75 0.9 0.9 5.47 L=7.2-
0.45=6.75
Short Wall 6 0.5 0.9 0.9 2.43 l=1.4-0.9=0.5

BATH ROOM
Long Wall 2 4.9 0.9 0.9 7.94 L=5.8-0.9=4.9
Short Wall 6 0.8 0.9 0.9 3.89 L=1.7-0.9=0.8
total 138.63m3
PART LMND
Column footing 19 2.5 1.2 0.9 51.3m3 C/C = 41.1-
wall foundation 2x0.2/2=39.9M
long wall 2 19.9 0.9 0.9 32.24 L=39.9-
8x2.5=19.9
Short wall 9 4.6 0.9 0.9 33.53 L=5.8-
1.2=4.6M
117.07m3 D
45
PART PQRS
Column footing 12 2.5 1.2 0.9 32.4 C/C =28.2M
wall foundation
long wall 2 15.7 0.9 0.9 25.43 L=28.2-5x2.5
Short wall 6 4.6 0.9 0.9 22.37 L=5.8-1.2=4.6
80.20m3 E
PART FF'LM
Column footing 2 2.5 1.2 0.9 5.4m3 C/C=5.2
wall foundation
(Mess Room)
long wall 2 2.7 0.9 0.9 4.37 m3 L=5.2-2.5=2.7
Short wall 2 3.8 0.9 0.9 6.16 m3 L=4.6-1.2=3.8
W.C. Room C/C=8.4
long wall 2 9.3 0.9 0.9 15.07 L=8.4+0.9=9.3
Short wall 5 0.8 0.9 0.9 3.24 m3 L=1.7-0.9=0.8
34.24 m3 F
GRAND TOTAL A+B+C+D+E+F 689.31m3

2 Cement Concrete
in the Wall
 foundation with
1:8:16 proportion
PART
AA'BB'CC'DD'
long wall 4 12.5 0.9 0.3 13.50m3
Short wall 16 4.6 0.9 0.3 19.87 m3
AB'C'D' 2 9.0 0.9 0.3 4.86 m3
total 38.23 m3 A

PART EFGH
long wall 2 12.2 0.9 0.3 6.59
Short wall 2 7.95 0.9 0.3 4.29
Stair Room
long wall 2 3.6 46
0.9 0.3 1.94
Short wall 1 2.9 0.9 0.3 0.78 m3
F6 Wall 1 4.2 0.9 0.3 1.13 m3
1x1 13.5 0.9 0.3 3.65 m3
Total 18.38 m3 B
PART HIJK
Long Wall 2 21.7 0.9 0.3 11.72m3
Short Wall 8 4.6 0.9 0.3 9.94m3
W.C. Wall
long wall 1 6.75 0.9 0.3 1.82m3
Short wall 6 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.81 m3
BATHROOM
long wall 2 0.9 0.3 2.45 m3
Short wall 3 0.9 0.3 1.30 m3
Total 28.04 m3 C
PART LMND
long wall 2 19.9 0.9 0.3 10.75 m3
Short wall 9 4.6 0.9 0.3 11.19 m3
Total 21.94 m3 D
PART PQRS
long wall 2 15.7 0.9 0.3 8.48m3
Short wall 6 4.6 0.9 0.3 7.45 m3
Total 15.93 m3 E

PART FF'LM
long wall 2 2.7 0.9 0.3 1.47 m3
Short wall 2 3.8 0.9 0.3 2.48 m3
W.C. ROOM
long wall 2 9.3 0.9 0.3 5.02 m3
Short wall 5 0.8 0.9 0.3 1.08 m3
Total 10.05 m3 F
GRAND TOTAL A+B+C+D+E+F 132.57 m3

3. Reinforced Cement 47
 Concrete work in
Column footing
with 1:1½:3
Proportion up to
plinth w/o
reinforced
column footing 111 2.5 1.2 0.9 299.7m3
column upto plenth 111 0.3 0.2 0.4 2.7m3
levels
Total 302.4 m3
4. B/W in foundation
up to PL with 1:6
Cement concrete
Ist footing
PART
AA'BB'CC'DD'
long Wall 4 12.5 0.6 0.2 6.0
Short Wall 16 4.6 0.6 0.2 8.83
AB'C'D Wall 2 9.0 0.6 0.2 2.16
Total 16.99m3 A
PART EFGH
long Wall 2 12.2 0.6 0.2 2.93m3
Short Wall 2 7.95 0.6 0.2 1.91 m3
Stair Room
long Wall 2 3.6 0.6 0.2 0.86 m3
Short Wall 1 2.9 0.6 0.2 0.357 m3
FG Wall 1 4.2 0.6 0.2 0.50 m3
1 13.5 0.6 0.2 1.62 m3 B
Total 8.17m3
PART HIJK
long Wall 2 21.7 0.6 0.2 5.21
Short Wall 8 4.6 48
0.6 0.2 4.42
W.C. Wall
long Wall 1 6.75 0.6 0.2 0.81
Short Wall 6 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.36
Bath Room
long Wall 2 4.9 0.6 0.2 1.18
Short Wall 6 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.58
Total 12.20m3 C
PART LMNO
long Wall 2 19.9 0.6 0.2 4.78
Short Wall 9 4.6 0.6 0.2 4.97
Total 9.75m3 D
PART PQRS
long Wall 2 15.7 0.6 0.2 3.77
Short Wall 6 4.6 0.6 0.2 3.31
Total 7.08m3 E
PART FF'LM
long Wall 2 2.7 0.6 0.2 0.65
Short Wall 2 3.8 0.6 0.2 0.91
Total 4.27m3 F
Grand Total A+B+C+D+E+F 58.46 m3

PART
A'A'BB'CC'DD'
long Wall
2nd footing 4 12.5 0.5 0.20 5.00
3rd footing 4 12.5 0.4 0.20 4.00
4rth footing (P.L.) 4 12.5 0.3 0.40 6.00
Short Wall
2nd footing 16 4.6 0.5 0.20 7.36
3rd footing 16 4.6 0.4 0.20 5.89
4rth footing 16 4.6 0.3 0.40 8.83
AB'C'D Wall
2nd footing 2 9.0 49
0.5 0.20 1.8
3rd footing 2 9.0 0.4 0.20 1.44
4rth footing 2 9.0 0.3 0.20 2.16
Total 42.48m3 A

PART EFGH
(Mess Room)
Long Wall
2nd footing 2 12.2 0.5 0.2 2.44
3rd footing 2 12.2 0.4 0.2 1.95
4rth footing 2 12.2 0.3 0.4 2.93
Short Wall
2nd footing 2 7.95 0.5 0.2 1.59
3rd footing 2 7.95 0.4 0.2 1.27
4rth footing 2 7.95 0.3 0.4 1.91
Stair Wall
Long Wall
2nd footing 2 3.6 0.5 0.2 0.72
3rd footing 2 3.6 0.4 0.2 0.58
4rth footing 2 3.6 0.3 0.4 0.86
Short Wall
2nd footing 1 2.9 0.5 0.2 0.29
3rd footing 1 0.29 0.4 0.2 0.23
4rth footing 1 2.9 0.3 0.4 0.35
FG Wall
2nd footing 1 4.2 0.5 0.2 0.42
3rd footing 1 4.2 0.4 0.2 0.34

50
4rth footing 1 4.2 0.3 0.4 0.50
P. Wall
2nd footing 1 13.5 0.5 0.2 1.35
3rd footing 1 13.5 0.4 0.2 1.08
4rth footing 1 13.5 0.3 0.4 1.62
Total 20.43m3
PART HIJK
long Wall
2nd footing 2 21.7 0.5 0.2 4.34
3rd footing 2 21.7 0.4 0.2 3.47
4rth footing 2 21.7 0.3 0.4 5.21
Short Wall
2nd footing 8 4.6 0.5 0.2 3.68
3rd footing 8 4.6 0.4 0.2 2.44
4rth footing 8 4.6 0.3 0.4 4.42
W.C. Wall
2nd footing 1 6.75 0.5 0.2 0.68
3rd footing 1 6.75 0.4 0.2 0.58
4rth footing 1 6.75 0.3 0.4 0.81
Short Wall
2nd footing 6 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.30
3rd footing 6 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.24
4rth footing 6 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.36
BATH ROOM
long Wall
2nd footing 2 4.9 0.5 0.2 0.98
3rd footing 2 4.9 0.4 0.2 0.78
4rth footing 2 4.9 0.3 0.4 1.18
Short Wall
2nd footing 6 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.98
3rd footing 6 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.78
4rth footing 6 0.8 0.3 0.4 1.18
BATHROOM
Long Wall
2nd footing 2 4.9 0.5 0.2 0.98
3rd footing 2 4.9 0.4 0.2 0.78
4rth footing 2 4.9 0.3 0.4 1.18
Short Wall 51
2nd footing 6 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.48
3rd footing 6 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.38
4rth footing 6 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.58
Total 31.37m3 C
PART LMND
Long Wall
2nd footing 2 19.9 0.5 0.2 3.98
3rd footing 2 19.9 0.4 0.2 3.18
4rth footing 2 19.9 0.3 0.4 4.78
Short Wall
 2nd footing 9 4.6 0.5 0.2 4.14
3rd footing 9 4.6 0.4 0.2 3.31
4rth footing 9 4.6 0.3 0.4 4.97
Total 24.36m3 D
PART PQRS
Long Wall
2nd footing 2 15.7 0.5 0.2 3.14
3rd footing 2 15.7 0.4 0.2 2.41
4rth footing 2 15.7 0.3 0.4 3.77
Short Wall
2nd footing 6 4.6 0.5 0.2 2.76
3rd footing 6 4.6 0.4 0.2 2.21
4rth footing 6 4.6 0.3 0.4 3.31
Total 17.70 E
PART FFLM
Long Wall
2nd footing 2 2.7 0.5 0.2 0.54
3rd footing 2 2.7 0.4 0.2 0.43
4rth footing 2 2.7 0.3 0.4 0.65
Short Wall
2nd footing 2 3.8 0.5 0.2 0.76
3rd footing 2 3.8 52
0.4 0.2 0.61
4rth footing 2 3.8 0.3 0.4 0.91

2nd footing 2 9.3 0.5 0.2 1.86

3rd footing 2 9.3 0.4 0.2 1.49
4rth footing 2 9.3 0.3 0.4 2.23
Short Wall
2nd footing 5 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.4
3rd footing 5 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.32
4rth footing 5 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.48
Total 10.68m3
TOTAL A+B+C+D+E+F 205.48M3
5. D.P.C. (2.5 cm
thick) 1:1½:3 C:C
& Water Proofing
compund
PART C/C=30
AA'BB'CC'DD'
Long Wall 4 27.9 0.2 22.32 L=30-
7X0.3=27.9
Short Wall 16 5.6 0.2 17.92 L=5.8-0.2=5.6
AB'C'D' Wall 2 10.0 0.2 4.00 L=10.2-0.2=10
44.24m3 A
PART EFGH c/c=34.7
Long Wall 2 32 0.2 12.8 L=34-7-2.7=32
 Short Wall 2 9 0.2 3.6 L=9.2-0.2=9.0
Stair Room
Long Wall 2 4.1 0.2 1.64 L=4.2-0.1=4.1
Short Wall 1 3.6 0.2 0.72 L=3.8-0.22=3.6
FG Wall 1 8.6 0.2 1.72 L=9.2-
2X0.3=8.6
53 Total 20.48m3 B
PART HIJK C/C=44.2
Long Wall 2 39.5 0.2 15.80 L=44.2-
9x0.3=39.5
Short Wall 8 5.6 0.2 8.96 L=5.8-0.2=5.6
W.C. Wall C/C=7.2
Long Wall 1 7.1 0.2 1.42 L=7.2-0.1=7.1
Short Wall 6 1.2 0.2 1.44 L=1.4-0.2=1.2
BATHROOM
Long Wall 2 5.6 0.2 2.24 L=5.8-0.2=5.6
Short Wall 6 1.5 0.2 1.80 L=1.7-0.2=1.5
Total 31.66m2 C
PART LMND
Long Wall 2 37.5 0.2 15.00 L=39.9-
8x0.3=37.5
Short Wall 9 5.6 0.2 10.08 L=5.8-0.2=5.6
Total 25.08m2 D
PART PQRS
Long Wall 2 26.7 0.2 10.68 L=28.2-
5x0.3\26.7
Short Wall 6 5.6 0.2 6.72 L=5.8-0.2=5.6
Total 17.40m2 E
PART FF'LM
Long Wall 2 4.9 0.2 0.36 L=5.2-0.3=4.9
Short Wall 2 4.4 0.2 1.76 L=4.6-0.2=4.4
W.C. Room
Long Wall 2 8.6 0.2 3.44 L=8.4-0.2=8.6
Short Wall 5 1.5 0.2 1.50 L=1.7-0.221.5
Total 7.06m2 F
Grand Total A+B+C+D+E+F 148.76m2
Deduction
openings
Door opening
D1 4 1.5 0.2
54 1.20
D2 36 1.2 0.2 8.64
D3 25 0.75 0.2 3.75
Total 13.59m2
Net Total 130.53m2

6. RCC Work in
Column8 beams
and lintel with
1:1½:3 proportion
W/o reinforcement
PART
AA'BB'CC'DD'
Column 2x36 0.3 0.2 3.3 14.26 L=30+0.22=30.
2
Beam 2x4 30.2 0.3 0.34 24.64 L=5.8-0.3=5.5
2x16 5.5 0.3 0.34 17.94
2x2 10.0 0.3 0.34 13.80
lintel over door 12x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 0.86
lintel over window 24x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 1.72
lintel over 24x2 0.9 0.2 0.12 1.04
ventilator
lintel over almira 36x2 1.2 0.2 0.12 2.08 A
Total 76.36
PART EFGH
Column Beam 22x2 0.3 0.2 3.3 8.72 L=34.7+0.22=3
4.9
Doubly beam 2x2 34.9 0.3 0.34 14.24 L=9.4-0.229.2
Singly beam 5x2 9.2 0.3 0.34 9.38
(T.beam)
lintel over door 4x2 9.6 0.3 0.34 9.84
D1 2x2 1.8 0.2 0.12 0.18
D2 5x2 1.5 0.2
55 0.12 0.36
lintel Window 8x2 1.8 0.2 0.12 0.70
lintel over 8x2 0.9 0.2 0.12 0.34
Ventilator
Total 41.76 B
PART HIJK
Column 20x2 0.3 0.2 3.3 7.92 L=44.2-
0.1=44.01
Beam 2x2 44.1 0.3 0.34 18.00 L=5.8-0.22=5.6
8x2 5.6 0.3 0.34 9.14
lintel over door
D1 1x2 1.8 0.2 0.12 0.08
D2 7x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 0.50
lintel Window 14x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 1.02
lintel over 14x2 0.9 0.2 0.12 0.60
Ventilator
Total 37.26m3 C
PART LMNO
 Column 19x2 0.3 0.2 3.3 7.52
Beam 2x2 41.1 0.3 0.34 16.76 L=39.9+0.2=41
1
9x2 5.6 0.3 0.34 10.28 L=5.8-0.2=5.6
lintel over door 9x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 0.64
lintel over Window 16x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 1.16
W1
W2 1x2 1.8 0.2 0.12 0.08
lintel Over Vent 17x2 0.9 0.2 0.12 0.74
lintel Almira A1 41x2 1.2 0.2 0.12 2.30
A1 2x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 0.14
Total 78.42m3 D
PART PQRS
Column 12x2 0.3 0.2 3.3 4.76
Beam 2x2 28 0.3 0.34 11.42 L=28.2-0.2=28
6x2 5.6 0.3
56 0.34 6.86
lintel Over door
D1 1x2 1.8 0.2 0.12 0.08
D2 4x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 0.30
LIntelOverWindow 9x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 0.69
LIntel Over Almira 12x2 1.2 0.2 0.12 0.70
Lintel Over vent 9x2 0.9 0.2 0.12 0.38
Total 25.14m3
PART FF'LM
Column 2x2 0.3 0.2 3.3 0.80
Beam 3x2 5.0 0.3 0.34 3.06
lintel Over door
D1 1x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 0.08
D2 10x2 1.05 0.2 0.12 0.50
LIntelOver 1x2 1.80 0.2 0.12 0.08
Window
Total 4.52m3
Grand Total A+B+C+D+E+F 263.96m3 F
7 Brick Work Super
Structure with 1:6
Cement send
morder
PART
AA'BB'CC'DD'
Long Wall 4x2 27.9 0.2 3.3 147.32 L=30-
7x0.3=27.9
Short Wall 16x2 5.6 0.2 3.3 118.28
Total 265.50m3 A
PART EFGH
Long Wall 2x2 32.0 0.2 3.3 84.48
Short Wall 2x2 9.0 0.2 3.3 23.76
Stair Room
Long Wall 2x2 4.1 0.2 3.3 10.82
Short Wall 1x2 3.6 0.2
57 3.3 4.76
FG Wall 1x2 8.6 0.2 3.3 11.36
Total 135.22m3
PART HIJK
Long Wall 2x2 39.5 0.2 3.3 104.28
Short Wall 8x2 5.6 0.2 3.3 59.14
W.C. Wall
Long Wall 1x2 7.1 0.2 3.3 4.38
Short Wall 6x2 1.2 0.2 3.3 9.50
BATHROOM
Long Wall 2x2 5.6 0.2 3.3 14.78
Short Wall 6x2 1.5 0.2 3.3 17.88
Total 315.88m3 C
PART LMNO
Long Wall 2x2 37.5 0.2 3.3 99.00
Short Wall 4x2 5.6 0.2 3.3 66.00
Total 165.52m D
3

PART PQRS
Long Wall 2x2 26.9 0.2 3.3 70.48
Short Wall 6x2 5.6 0.2 3.3 44.36
Total 114.84m3 E
PART FF'LM
Long Wall 2x2 4.9 0.2 3.3 12.44
Short Wall 2x2 4.4 0.2 3.3 11.62
W.C. Room
Long Wall 2x2 8.6 0.2 3.3 27.70
Short Wall 5x2 1.5 0.2 3.3 9.90
Total 57.16m3 F
Grand Total A+B+C+D+E+F 1054.12m3
Parafit Wall
Long Wall
Short Wall
58
Deduction of
Opening
Door D1 4x2 1.5 0.2 2.1 5.04
D2 36x2 1.2 0.2 2.1 36.28
D3 25x2 0.75 0.2 2.1 15.72

Window W1 10x2 1.5 0.2 1.2 7.20

W2 63x2 1.2 0.2 1.2 36.28
 Almira A1 2x2 1.5 0.1 1.8 1.08
A2 90x2 0.9 0.1 1.8 29.16
Ventilator 79x2 0.6 0.2 0.3 56.88
lintel over Door D1 4x2 1.8 0.2 0.12 0.34
D2 36x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 2.6
D3 35x2 1.05 0.2 0.12 1.26
lintel over Window 10x2 1.8 0.2 0.12 0.86
W1
W2 63x2 1.5 0.2 0.12 4.54
lintel over Almira 2x2 1.8 0.2 0.12 0.18
A1
A2 90x2 1.2 0.2 0.12 5.18
lintel over 79x2 0.9 0.2 0.12 3.42
Ventilator
Total 206.02m3
Net Total 896.03m3
8. Reinforced cement
concrete work in
Slab, landing and
flight of stair case
with 1:1½:3 W/o
59
reinforcement
RCC Slab 1x2 53.7 40 0.16 687.36
Base of flight 4 1.2 0.3 0.20 2.40
flight 92 1.2 ½x0.15x0.4 3.32
Londing 8 1.2 0.3 0.15 0.44
Total 693.52m3
Deduction
Slab in stair case 4 4.0 3.6 0.16 9.22
LAWN 2 29.8 10.0 0.16 96.36
Outside opening 1x2 28.0 1.5 0.16 13.44
(Front)
Total 118.02m3
G. Total A-B 575.50m3
Sunshades W1 10x2 1.8 0.45 0.06 0.98
W2 63x2 1.5 0.45 0.06 5.10
Ventilator 99x2 0.9 0.45 0.06 3.84
Door 1x2 1.5 0.45 0.06 0.08
Total 10.00m3
Net Total 585.50m3
9. 12 Plaster in 1:6
Cement Sand
Motor on Walls
PART
AA'BB'CC'DD'
long Wall
Outer Side 4 29.8 8.82 1051.34
Inner Side 4 28.2 8.82 994.89
Short Wall
Outer Side 4 6.0 8.82 211.68
Inner Side (Both) 28 5.6 8.82 1382.98
Slep 2 10.0 0.3 - 6.00
Column 4x2 0.3 6.6 15.84
Beam(Side) 4x2 6.6 10.56
Bottom 4x2 0.34 27.20
Celling 24 5.6 4.6
60 030 618.24

Total 4330.73m2
PART EFGH
Long Wall 1 32.0 8.82 282.24
Outer Side 3 31.6 8.82 836.14
Inner Side 5 9.2 8.82 405.72
Short Wall 1 19.6 8.82 84.67
Stair Room
long Wall (Both) 4 4.1 7.92 129.89
Short Wall
Outer Side 1 4.0 7.92 31.68
Inner Side 1 3.6 7.92 28.51
Beam
Singly Beam (both 8x2 9.2 0.34 50.05
Side)
Doubly beam (both 6x2 9.2 0.34 37.54
Side)
Celling 2 34 9.2 625.60
2486.04 cm2 B
PART HIJK
Long Wall
Outer Side 1 44.2 8.82 389.94 L=44.2-
8x0.2=42.6
Inner Side 3 42.6 7.92 1012.76
Short Wall
OuterSide 1 6.0 7.92 47.52
Inner Side 15 5.6 7.92 665.28
Celling 14 5.6 4.6 360.64
2 10.2 5.6 114.24
W.C. Room
Long Wall (Both 2 6.6 7.92 194.54
61
Side)
Short Wall (Both 12 1.2 7.92 114.05
Side)
BATHROOM
Long Wall 4 5.6 7.92 177.41
Short Wall 12 1.5 7.92 142.56
Total 3128.84m3
PART LMND
Long Wall
Outer Side 1 41.1 8.92 366.61
Inner Side 3 39.7 7.92 943.27
Celling 14 5.6 4.6 360.64
H. Morder Celling 2 7.1 5.6 79.52
Total 1750.04m2
PART PQRS
long Wall 2 28.0 8.92 499.52
2 26.8 7.92 424.51
Short Wall 12 5.6 7.92 532.22
Celling 8 5.6 4.6 206.08
2 5.6 3.6 40.32
Total 1702.65 E
Long Wall
Outer Side 1 5.0 - 8.92 44.6
Inner Side 3 4.8 7.92 114.05
Short Wall
OuterSide 1 4.4 8.92 39.25
Inner Side 2 4.2 7.92 66.53
BATH & OUTER
WALL
Long Wall 4 8.2 7.92 259.78 L=8.6-0.4=8.2
Short Wall 5 1.5 7.92 59.40
W.C.
Long Wall 2 4.8 62 7.92 76.03
Short Wall 4 1.2 7.92 38.02
Celling 2 12.3 4.8 118.08
Total 814.46m3 C
Grand Total A+B+C+D+E+F 14213.76m2
Deduction of
opening
Door D1 8 1.5 2.1 25.2
D2 72 1.2 2.1 181.44
D3 50 0.75 2.1 78.75
Window W1 20 1.5 1.2 36.00
W2 126 1.2 1.2 181.44
Ventilator 158 0.6 0.3 28.44
total -531.27m2
Net Total 14376.09m2
Varandah Celling 4 28 3.0 - 3340m2
357.6
 Total 693.6m2
Net Total 14376.09
10 Earth work in
filling in Plinth
Area same as for
covered
Area/2 by celling 1 153 1.2 0.25 382.8m3
1..5 M Wide 1 28 1.5 0.25 10.5m3
opening
Total 78.66m3
11 Sand filling in 1 15 31.2 0.05 76.56
plinth with local
sand
1 28 1.5 0.05 2.10
78.66m3
12 7.5 cm lime 1 151.2 1.2 0.1 153.12
concrete base 82.5 63
cement concrete
brick ballast 40
mm
1 28 1.5 0.1 4.20
Total 157.32m3
13 Dislempering two 14213.76m2
coat with one coat
while washing,
Quantity same as
for Plaster in Item
No.
14 Wood Work
Door D1 8 1.5 2.1 25.2m2
D2 72 1.2 2.1 181.44m2
D3 50 0.75 2.1 78.75m2
Total 285.39m2
Window W1 20 1.5 1.2 36.00
W2 126 1.2 1.2 181.44
Total 217.44m2
Net Total 502.83m2
15 Glass Work in Vent 158 0.6 0.3 28.44m2
Total 28.44m2
16 Two coats Painting 1005.66m2
17 Steel Work in
 Column, beam
slab, lintal and stair
case
1. Column
(a) column fooling
12mm
long side 10 2.4M 24 M
short side 6 1.1M 64 6.6 M
30.6
=3396.6M
Total 3022.97Kg
(b) Column Main 4 8.05 32.2
reinforcement 20 111 Nos
mm
3385.94
Total 744.91
Net Total 12596.14 126
Kg
(ii) beam (Doubly)
(a) Main bar texsile 3 119.2 357.6M
side 20mm
3 216.0 648.0 M
3 45.0 135.0 M
3 51.8 155.4 M
3 80.0 240.0 M
3 178.0 534.0 M
3 38.0 114.0 M
2184 M @2.47 Kg/M
=5394.48Kg
b. Main bar Comp 5 119.2 596.0
side 22mm
5 216.0 1080.0
5 45.0 225.0
5 51.0 259.0
5 80.0 400.00
5 178.0 890.0
5 38.0 190.0
3640M @2.98 Kg/M
=10847.2
Kg
c. Band stimurups 3235 1.272 65 4114.92M L=210.28+0.26
+24x0.08=1.27
1604.82Kg
Total 3569299
 =357q
(iii) Single Beam 7.752 7850/100 6.09q 034x0.3x9.5x8=
x1 7.752
(iv)RCC Slabs & 370q
Sun shade case
0.8%
10q
Total 869.1q
Net Total 869.97q

66
COSTING

Q.No. Particulars of Quantity Unit Rate Per Amount

Items (Rs.)
3 3
1. Earth Work in 689.31 M Rs. 42.35 M 29192.28
excavation
2. 1:8:16 C.C. in 132.57 M3 Rs.2340.38 M3 310264.18
foundation
3. R-CC in 302.40 M3 Rs.4936.1 M3 1492676.64
Column
fooling
 (1:1½:3) W/o
reinforcement
4. B.W. in 1:6 205.48 M3 Rs.3087.65 M3 634450.32
C:S Mostar in
foundation
5. 2.5CM thick 130.53 M3 Rs.160.00 M3 20884.80
1:1½:3 D.P.C.
6. RCC in 263.46 M3 Rs. 4936.1 M3 130064.90
1:1½:3 D.P.C.
7. B.W. in 1:6 896.03 M3 Rs.3243.00 M3 2905825.29
C:S Mortar in
Super
structure upto
Roof
8. R.C.C. in Slab 585.50 M3 4936.1 M3 2890086.55
landing &
flight With
1:1½:3 W/o
reinforcement
9. 12MM C:S 143213.76 M3 Rs.74.50 M3 1058925.12
1:6 Plastering
10. Earth Work in 393.3 M3 275.00 M3 108157.50
filling in
plinth
67 C.O. 9580527.58
11. Sand filling in 78.66 M3 685.00 M3 53882.21
Plinth
12. CC&CC 157.32 M3 3158.00 M3 496816.58
1:2:4(2.5 cm)
1:6:12 (7.5
cm) in
flooring
13. Distempering 14213.76 M3 30.12 M3 428118.45
two coat with
one coat w.
Washing
14. Wood Work in 502.83 M3 1810.00 M3 910122.30
 Door &
Window
15. Glass Work in 28.44 M3 375.00 M3 10665.00
Ventilator
16. Two coat 1005.66 M3 107.38 M3 107987.77
painting door
& Window
17. Steel Work in 870.00 q 3150.00 q 2740500.00
Reinforcement
Total 14328619.87
Add 8% for Water supply and Sainitary 1146289.59
Works
Add 8% for Electrification Works 1146289.59
Total 16621199.05
Add 3% for Contingencies 498635.97
Add 2% for Work charged establishment 332423.98
Grand Total 17452259.00

68

RATE ANALYSIS
EXCAVATION IN FOUNDATION
UNIT OF ANALYSIS - 100 m3
UNIT OF PAYMENT - Per Cu. Meter
S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.
1 Material
2 Labour
Head ½ No 180 Day 90
Masion
Masion 1 No 160 Day 160
Mazdoor 35 No 100 Day 3500
3 Tools & L&S 100
Plants
TotalP 3850Rs
Adding Contractor profit 385.00
Grand Total 4235.00Rs

Rate Per Cum = 4235/100 = 42.35 Rs

CEMENT CONCRETE IN FOUNDATION (1:8:16) 40 MMth
 UNIT OF ANALYSIS - 10 M3
S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.
1 Material
Brick 10 Cum 300 Cum 9000/-
Ballast
Course 5 Cum 1000 Cum 5000/-
Sand
Cement 18 Bag 230 Cum 4140/-
2 Labour
Head ½ No 180 Day 90
Masion
Masion 1 No 160 Day 160
Mazdoor 20 No 100 Day 3500
Bhists 5 No 100 Day
T&P etc L&S69 100 100
TotalP 20990Rs
Add 10% contractor charge 2099.00
Add 1.5% Water Charge 314.85Rs
Rate =23403.85/10= 2340.385Rs 23403.851
Per m3

IST CLASS BRICK WORK IN FOUNDATION UPTO PL WITCH (1.6) CEMENT

MORTER : UNIT OF ANALYSIS - 10M3

S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.

1 Material
Cement 13 Cum 230 Bag 2990.00
Sand 2.56 Cum 700 Cum 1792.00
Brick 5000 No. 4000 20000.00/-
2 Labour
Head ½ No 180 Day 9000
Masion
Masion 7 No 160 Day 1120.00
Mazdoor 14 No 100 Day 1400
Bhists 2 No 100 Day 200
T&P etc L&S 100 100
TotalP 27692.00Rs
Add 10% contractor charge 2769.00
Add 1.5% Water Charge 415.00Rs
Rate =30876.85/10= 3087.65Rs 30876.58
Per m3
 2.5 CM CEMENT CONC. DPC IN 1:1½:3 WITH BOND MATERIALS
UNIT OF ANALYSIS - 100SqM

70
S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.
1 Material
Cement 22.5 Cum 230 Bag 5175
Fine Sand 2.56 Cum 700 Cum 791
Stone Grit 5000 No. 1100 2816
170Kg 170.0 Kg 12 Kg 2040
Bitumen
2 Labour
Head ½ No 180 Day 90
Masion
Masion 2 No 160 Day 320
Mazdoor 24 No 100 Day 400
Bhists 4 No 100 Day 2400
Form 1 No 150 150
Work
3 Tools & 1 No 100 100
plants
TotalP 14282.00Rs
Add 1.5% Water charge 214.23
Add 1.0% contractor Charge 1428.20Rs
Rate =30876.85/10= 3087.65Rs 15924.48
Per m3

Grand Total = 15924.43p

71
1ST CLASS BRICK WORK IN SUPERSTRUCTURE WITH (1:6) CEMENT
MORTER
UNIT OF ANALYSIS = 10M3
S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.
1 Material
Brick 5000 4000 % 20000.00
Cement 13.5 Bag 230 Bag 3105.00
Sand 2.7 Cum 700 M3 1890.00
2 Labour
Head ½ No 180 Day 90
Masion
Masion 2 No 160 Day 1600
Mazdoor 24 No 100 Day 700
Bhists 4 No 100 Day 200
Form Work 1 No 150 1000
3 Tools & 1 No 100 300
plants
TotalP 14282.00Rs
Add 1.5% Water charge 214.23
Add 1.0% contractor Charge 1428.20Rs
Rate =30876.85/10= 3087.65Rs 15924.48
Per m3

12 MMTH PLASTER IN (1:6)

UNIT OF ANALYSIS = 100 Sq. M

S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.

1 Material
Cement 9 Bag 230 day 2070.00
Sand 1.8 Cum 700 m3 1260.00
2 Labour
Head 1/3 No 180 Day 60
Masion
Masion 10 No 72 160 Day 1600.00
Mazdoor 15 No 100 Day 1500.00
Bhists 3/4 No 100 Day 75.00
3 Tools & L&S 100 100
plants
TotalP 6665.00Rs
Add 1.5% Water charge 99.97
Add 1.0% contractor Charge 666.50Rs
Rate =74.3 & Say 74.50 Rs 7431.47
 Per m3

RCC WORK (1:1½:3) REINFORCED AND BAR BENDING WITHOUT STEEL

UNIT OF ANALYSIS = 10 M3
S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.
1 Material
Cement 84 Bag 230 day 19320.00
Course Sand 4.2 m3 1000 m3 4200.00
Stone Grid 8.4 m3 1100 m3 9240.00
Binding Wire 3.0 Kg 50.0 Kg 150.00
2 Labour
Head Masion 1/2 No 180 Day 90.00
Masion 6 No 160 Day 960.00
Mazdoor 30 No 100 Day 3000.00
Bhists 7 No 100 Day 700.00
3 Tools & plants - L&S 500 500
4. Shuttering
Wooden - L&S 1000 1000.00
Carpenter 10 No 170 Day 1700.00
Mazdoor 10 No 100 Day 1000.00
Total P 47860.00Rs
T&P L&S 200 200.00
5. Reinforcement
Bar cutting & 73
binding Smith
Mazdoor
Smith 8 No 170 Day 1360.00
Mazdoor 8 No 100 Day 800.00
T&P - L&P 50 50.00
Total 44270.00
Add 1.5% Water charge 664.05
Add 1.0% contractor Charge 4427.00Rs
Rate =4936.10 & Say 74.50 Rs 49361.05
Per m3

2.5 CM CEMENT FLOORING (1:2:4) WIH 7.5 CM LIME CONC BASE (1:6:12)
UNIT OF ANALYSIS = 100 Sq. Meter
S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.
1 Material
Cement 42 Bag 230 day 9660.00
Course Sand 1.2 Cum 1000 m3 1200.00
Stone Grid 2.4 Cum 1100 m3 2640.00
 Brick Ballast 7.2 Cum 900 m3 6480.00
Sand 3.6 Cum 700 m3 2520.00
2 Labour
Head Masion 2 No 180 Day 360.00
Masion 11 No 160 Day 1760.00
Mazdoor 32 No 100 Day 3200.00
Bhists 3 No 100 Day 300.00
3 Tools & plants - L&S 200 200
Total 28320.00
Add 1.5% Water charge 424.80
Add 1.0% contractor Charge 2832.00Rs
Rate =4936.10 & Say 74.50 Rs 31576.80
Per m3

UMMTHICK PANELLED DOOR & WINDOW OF INDIAN TEAK WOOD-(UNIT

15 A/M) 74
Take a Window Shutter 100x150 CM (Shutter Only) Area = 1.5 Sq.m
S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.
1 Material
Cement 42 Bag 230 day 9660.00
Course Sand 1.2 Cum 1000 m3 1200.00
Stone Grid 2.4 Cum 1100 m3 2640.00
Brick Ballast 7.2 Cum 900 m3 6480.00
Sand 3.6 Cum 700 m3 2520.00
2 Labour
Head Masion 2 No 180 Day 360.00
Masion 11 No 160 Day 1760.00
Mazdoor 32 No 100 Day 3200.00
Bhists 3 No 100 Day 300.00
3 Tools & plants - L&S 200 200
Total 28320.00
Add 1.5% Water charge 424.80
Add 1.0% contractor Charge 2832.00Rs
Rate =4936.10 & Say 74.50 Rs 31576.80
Per m3
DISTEMPER TWO - COAT WITH ONE COAT WHITE WASHING
75
Unit of Analysis - 100 Sq.M
S.No. Item No Unit Rate Per Cost Rs.
1 Material
White Lime Unglaged 10 Kg 5.00 Kg 50.00
(Glue Powder) Blue - L&S 80 Kg 80.00
Pigment - L&S 80 Kg 80.00
Dry Distemper 12 Kg 80 Kg 960.00
2 Labour
Expert While washing 6 No 150 Day 90.00
Coolie 6 No 100 Day 600.00
Sundaries & Tools - L&S 50 Day 50.00
Total 2720.00
Add 1.5% Water charge 40.8
Add 1.0% contractor Charge 272.00Rs
Rate =3012.80 & Say 74.50 Rs 3012.80
Per m3

76
 PROJECT SCHEDULING
NETWORK PROGRAMMING

With the increasing complexity of large projects necessity for the planning and
scheduling is increasing. Projects such as hostel building where many
professions are involved a planning method which will benable manager. The
Critical with method involves or provides an up to date method of planning.
Developed a few years ago in the western centuries is new being extensively
used in planning of projects and controlling the execution of the various part
and works.
The Main advantages of the CRITICAL PATH METHOD are simplicity
flexibility and over all control. It is a most usefull for management of a project
critical prath method is a net work technique for planning execution and
controll over a project. the use of this technique is specially usefull for
management of a project critical path method is a net work technique for
planning execution and control over a project. The use of this technique is
specially usefull .
In Civil Engineering in analying each project in Several activity groups and
thus tracing the activity points where battenek can actually rise promp rexedial
action in the spotting of bottle necks and removal help in completion of a civil
Engg. project in time with in the estirates cost application of network planning
and scheduling. Technique better described as critical path method and
programme evolution and review technique has because scope in existing
completion of vcivil Engg. project in time and within cast review of scaree
resources and scheduing is new unable Since time is mong completion of
projects. In time because a must incivil Engineering proejct.
In determining the date completion of any civil project like hostel building. It is
not only necessary to prepare any estimate of cost but also are estimate are plan
of various activities envolved for the completion of each activity network
scheduling and planning technique is a study of these activities in relation to
toal project time.

77
 OBJECTIVE OF NETWORK PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
TECHNIQUES
For the success of any project. It is necessary that the objectives and time
scheduling should be defined with reference to allianable target taking into
account all the problems and difficulties which many be existing at the time of
drawing up the plane on drawing the course of Construction period tNetwork
planning and scheduling technique needs an efficient integerated Management
requiring.
(1) Detailed integrated planning of the project task to be accomplished.
(2) Developing realistic excersing effective control which requires
periodic checking and evolution of presness on the project
completion time and taking any action required in time.
(3) The secure resource time and money planning analysis and
scheduling and controlling are three district phases by which the
objective can be affectived. The basic principle and Mechanics of
network technique is the application of planning analysis and
scheduling and controlling of event and activities involved in a
project in relation to time and interpendence of each activity.

PLANNING A NETWORK :-
The base phases as suffested earlier of network analysis are planning analysing
and controlling of each event and activity in relation to time and interpredence
of each activity a controution project can be spilt into a number of events and
activities planning of project essentially Mvalues a detailed planning.

EVENT AND ACTIVITY :-

An event is defined as accomplishment in planning a project. The event is
recognable as a particular instant of time and not a passage of time is
represented by a geometrical figure such as circle, rectangle, square etc.
Defining and end of job or number of event and activities planning of a project
78
essentially number a detailed to planning of activities and events.
An activities defined a job action to be completed between event within a
project the activity consemstime and many and represented by an arrow.
Dealing the square in which the event are to work as preparation of design.
Scruting of lenderlaying of foundation a reacting construction present of
material etc.
Other example are leasing of foundation evection of famous planning w. Keng
and fixed and point wall. In network analysis each activity is represented by
time with an arrow including the sequence in which the event as to ocean.

Activity Symbol Activity Description

A Study plan
B Clearance of Site
C Earth Work
D Procureemnt of time cement Sand
and Aggregate
E Laging of foundation
F Procurement of Brick
G Erection of Building

79
NETWORK DIAGRAM HOSTEL BUILDING

Notes :- (i) Arrows indicate sequence of activity.

(ii) Alphabet symbol A to K indicate each activity in sequence.
(iii) Circle and number indicate event and sequence of events.
(iv) The diagram significant the sequence of a activity and now each
succeeding event is dependent on the proceeding event to proceed from event 1
to event 2 it is necessary to carryout activity 1-2 in drawing a network diagram
besides observing the relationship of event and activities it is essential to accept
the commention that it is time from left to right and that succeeding event have
a number highest them at proceeding event.

THE SCHEDULE
Once a project is planned in teams of event and activities. It is necessary to
plan time required for completing each activity time requened for completing
each job has to fixed with reference to attainable factors a short time as to long
time will provide realistic time duration has to fixed with reference to
experience general availability of men and Materials and completion of
procedence after time duration of each activity is eslimated the earliest and
even time for each activity can be estimated by adding up durations of various
activity.

80
ANALYSING THE NETWORK
Total project time is the shortlest time in which project can be completed . This is
determind by a sequence of activities known as critical path for constuction of Hostal
Building time schedule can be allotted in the following way.
 Event No. Activity Activity Particular No. of Days
Symbol
1-2 A Study Plan layout 1
2-3 B Clearance of Site 2
3-4 C Earth Work 12
2-4 D Procurement of time Sand 4
Cement and Concrete
4-5 E Laying of Foundation 15
2-5 F Procurment of Bricks 25
5-8 G Laying Conduit pipe for 15
electrical waves
5-6 H(1) Erection of Building 40
6-8 H(2) Laying Electrical Wire 5
5-7 I(1) Laying of Drain and Draige 15
System
7-8 I(2) Concept building to electrical 5
8-9 I City and Water 12
9-10 K Finishing
Graphic presentation of the Network and time alloted will appear as below :
Network Diagram Hostel Building Critical Path
Notes :- (i) Arrow indicates sequence of activity
(ii) Circle and number indicate event and sequence of events.
(iii) Alphabet Symbol A to K indicate each activity in Sequence
(iv) Thick black line indicate critical path
(v) Rectangular Indicate earliest event time
(vi) Triangular indicate latest event time
81
(vii) Activity symbol D.F.H. and I are non critical (FLOAT) activities. The
diagram indicates the following term as used in the network planning and
scheduling technique very clearly.

CRITICAL PATH
It is represented by a thick time indicates the line of sequence of activity which
must be completed on scheduling any delay on the critical path activity will
cause delay in other activity
 TOTAL PROJECT TIME
This is total of all activities following in the criical which has been shown in
this black times activity which are not an critical path are important but not
erictied to the activities following with in the critical path

NON CRITICAL ACTIVITY

Activity symbols D.F. H(i), H(2), I(1) are non critical actvities are4 critical
activities could be completed little earlier as a litter depending on the time
available and will not effect the all location and other source such asman power
as finance as actual excutation to any material degree this means that for those
activities be could have spare time this spare time is technically described as
FLOAT.
This spare time which is known as FLOAT give Rise to calculation of earliest
event time and latest event time.

EARLIEST EVENT TIME

The figure indicated in sequence indicated the earliest event time by which
activities loading up to that event must be completed. The earliest event time
has been defined as the earliest time by which can event can be completed
method affecting the total project.
82
LATEST EVEN TIME
This in trangular indicated the latest event time by which the activities loading
up to that event must be completed the latest event time has been defined as the
latest time by which on event can be completed without affecting the project
total time.

ARROWS
These represent the sequence of activity an completion of which the entire
project can be completed.

CIRCLES NDS
The symbol by which each event is represented

REFERENCE CALENDER
After the network diagram has been known latest and earliest event time
determined critical path. Slep have to be taken to mark the olates an calender
for the completion of each activity

CONTROL AND SCHEDULING

The basic purpose of drawing and network diagram and its analysis is to
control. The ctivities strickly limited to time and sequence of events which has
been exution here is very likely hood of devation from the fixed day. Due to
circumstance beyond controll. They may also be due to unable dates and
actuals have to be analysed critically and sleps emendentaly taken to correct the
same that other linked event are not effected control network scheduling
involves the following steps Network plan must be prepared and explenced to
the person executing it.
Activity days should be explained to the person executing it explaining how
each activity as days has been fixed.
83
Actual days involved in each activity should be compared with the network
activity days.
Cervective action must be restore the behaviour activity to the provide fined by
the not work analysis as otherwise a new network should be drawn if the earlier
analysis is considered unrealistic.
 ADVANTAGES NETWORK PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
TECHNIQUE (CPM & PERT)

1. Painstaking of responsibilites :- These techniques help us to

responsbilities for carring out particulars activity within a project
2. future planning and estimating is made easier by comparing the actual
with estimated time.
3. Better allocation of resources with reference to time
4. Positive aim in breaking decisions and anticipating difficulties
5. Identify the activities in the project critical to completion of the
projection schedule
6. Measure the effect of delays on the project
7. Assist in correct repasting and effective control of total project time and
east.

PROJECT SCHEDULING

It is process for setting in sequential order various operations in a construction

project by collecting data an Visualising their importance in completion of the
project in such manner so that the whole worth should be done in an ordinary
and systematic way. The schedule should idicate the various features of project
this rale in the project and alloted time to each operation and progress of Work.
84

In this project is divided into different operations All the operations are put in a
sequence after knowing their inter relationship. The suitable time for the
completion of project is predecided.

BAR CHART

It is a Graphical representation of various activities involved construction

Work. It list various activities involved in a construction work and the period of
time of construction work and the period of time of planning of each activity is
indicated by horizontal bar to lotted to a suitable scale. The bar chart has some
advantage as
1. Different operation to be involved and preformed
2. The period required to execution of each activity as operations upto data
following progress of each activity. It has following limitations
3. It does not show the sequence of operations required under one activity.
4. Complicated intesperdency cannot be shown
5. The bars on the chart do not show the actual progress
6. Critical activities cannot be shown by bar chart

CRITICAL PATH METHOD (C.P.M.)

The Method of planning and scheduling based on network technique in which

total project time is determined by sequence of activities is known as critical
Path Method . the C.P.M. of project planning involves identification of specific
activities their duration and their interrelation ship.
There are two types of network used in
Activity - on - Arrow (Ao)
Activity - on - Node (AON)
85

PROGRAMME EVALUATION REVIEW TECHNIQUE (PERT)

It is the network technique of planning and scheduling a construction project-

PERT used three time estimate i.e. optimistic, most and passimistic the most
probable time duration of an activity is in between the optimistic And
pessimisfic duration of an activity. The expected time of an activity Hence
PERT used the overall expectecd duration for project PERT is that applied
where the natrue of activity are such that their completion time can not be knew
with certainly a gradual view of three estimates are as under .
 OPTIMISTIC TIME
The estimate of minimum possible time which activity requires for its
completion under ideal conditions any type of the delay at any stage.

MOST PROBABLE TIME

It is the time which an activity can take for its completion under normal
conditions is called most probable time.

PESSIMISTIC TIME
The estimate of maximum time taken by an activity if thene is a delay at every
stage except natural calamities is called pessimistic time.

86
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

This project on hostel building has been done by the working stress Method in
which concrete and steelis considered clastic. Permissible are working stress in
comcrete and steel are based on factor of safety modular ratio concepts also
used in this Method. The actual stresses developed in structure at the working
loads after differed comparably from theoretical values. The reasons is that the
assumption that concrete is a perfectly clastic method is not correct in this
Method. The section designed are larger. This they are quite expensive.
In planning have considered the various factors affecting the planning. A brief
idea regarding them has been explained to have a generalize over it ventilation
in the room has been given the prime.
Importance more over ideas from Vaslush astra has also been in corporated for
continuous Water and clear supply planning has been done Drainage Systems
has also been considered during planning in estimating and casting latest
schedule of rates are taken as per P.W.D. estimation has been done as per the
decision and drawing the hostel building Attempt has been made to cover
aspect of the work.
Considering the importance of computer in to days fast moving wantd. In these
dimension of view of a room been given to show how these.
In Survey various tools that are used are taken attempt has been made to given
brief idea of the tools and the process through which the work has been done.
However, is recommended that it would have been better if the project has been
completed thraish limit state method as this method is pusely bassed upon the
principle of elasticity. This method is less expensive. In planning more ideas
can be put regarding vastushastra. In continuous. With this it is recommended
that three dimensional view of the hostal building can be given and in
Surveying Modern instrument and techniques have been employed for
completing the survey work.

87

BIBLIOGRAPHY

S.No. Name of Author Name of Book Publisher Year

1 M.G. Shah and Kalay RCC and design Nav Bharat Prakashan 1999
2 D.V. Gupta & V.G. RCC and design Asian Publisher 2009-10
Singh
3 G.D. Agarwal B.C.M.E. NavBharat Prakashan 2006-07
4 D.V. Gupta C.M.A. Asian Publisher 2009-10
5 G. Das C.T. Nav Bharat Prakashan 2008-09
6 D.V. Gupta & Vikram Surveying II Asian Publisher 2008-09
 Singh
7 D.V. Gupta & Vikram Surveying I Asian Publisher 2008-09
Singh
8 B.N. Dutta Estimating and Cost UBS Publisher 2009-10
Distributors
9 G.S. Birdie Text Book of Estimating Dhanpatrai 2 Sons 1988
& Cost
10 G.S. Das Sail Mechanics Nav Bharat Prakashan 2007-08

88
DRAWINGS
PROJECT WORK