LIDAR Deployments in Europe

z Vincent Treve
EUROCONTROL Experimental Center

European
1 Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation
 Outline

z The LIDAR technology

z How does' it work ?

z LIDAR capabilities
z Different usages of this technology

z European LIDAR deployments

z CREDOS
z WIDAO
z TBS

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 The LIDAR technology
How does' it works?
LIDAR or Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging

In other words: “A high frequency radar”

small wave length Detection of small particles

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 The LIDAR technology
How does' it works?
LIDAR or Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging

In other words: “A high frequency radar”

small wave length Detection of small particles

From aerosol particles

LIDAR

Computation of the distance to the aerosol

4 particles based on the “Time to Fly”
 The LIDAR technology
How does' it works?
LIDAR or Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging

In other words: “A high frequency radar”

small wave length Detection of small particles

Doppler measurement

Doppler shift
From
aerosol particles aerosol particles
LIDAR

Axial velocity measurement

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 The LIDAR technology
How does' it works?
Different LIDAR systems

ZephITTM, QinetiQ
Fibered
WindTracer®, Lockheed Martin LASER
Coherent Technology (LMCT)

WindCube,
6 Leosphere
 The LIDAR technology
LIDAR Capabilities
Both technologies scan 2D planes for detecting Wake Vortices

z Limited range (WindCube) or blind zone (WindTracer®) impose site constraints

z Ideal LIDAR position is perpendicular

to aircraft trajectory.

z Measurement can be conduct

laterally…

LIDAR

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 The LIDAR technology
LIDAR Capabilities
Both technologies scan 2D planes for detecting Wake Vortices

z Llimited range (WindCube) or blind zone (WindTracer®) impose site constraints

z Ideal LIDAR position is perpendicular

to aircraft trajectory.

z Measurement can be conduct

laterally…

z … or from below.

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 The LIDAR technology
LIDAR Capabilities
Different capabilities of this technology

Wake vortex detection and tracking :

z Axial velocity measurement
(hardware)

Vmax

Vr

ONERA / Leosphere results

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 The LIDAR technology
LIDAR Capabilities
Different capabilities of this technology

Wake vortex detection and tracking :

z Axial velocity measurement
(hardware)
z Conversion in 2D vortex
position and strength
(software)

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 The LIDAR technology
LIDAR Capabilities
Different capabilities of this technology

Wake vortex detection and tracking :

z Axial velocity measurement
(hardware)
z Conversion in 2D vortex
position and strength
(software)
z Multiple scan angle capability

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 The LIDAR technology
LIDAR Capabilities
Different capabilities of this technology

Wake vortex detection and tracking :

z Axial velocity measurement
(hardware)
z Conversion in 2D vortex
position and strength
(software)
z Multiple scan angle capability

Wind profile measurement :

z Simultaneous wake and wind profile measurement in
the scanning plane or
z Periodic 3D mapping of the wind

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 The LIDAR technology
Different usages of LIDAR
Different usage of this technology
Research : (qualitative)
Temporary deployments for :
z Investigation of Wake Vortex transport and decay
z Improvement of Wake Vortex model

Validation and assessment : (quantitative)

Temporary deployments for :
z Validation of systems or models
z Safety assessment of new operational concepts

Operational surveillance :
Permanent deployments for :
z New operational concept monitoring
z Wake vortex alerting system
13 z Tactical aircraft sequencing
 LIDAR deployments in Europe

3 campaigns
CREDOS (Frankfurt Main - EDDF) : Ongoing
z Research
z Validation
z Assessment

WIDAO (Paris CDG - LFPG) : About to start

z Research
z Validation
z Assessment

TBS (London Heathrow - EGLL) : 2008

z Research
z Validation

14 z Assessment
 LIDAR deployments in Europe
CREDOS (Frankfurt Main – EDDF)
Research objectives :
z Investigate Wake Vortex behavior IGE and NGE: Mainly Heavy departing aircraft
z Improve Wake Vortex models IGE and NGE

Validation objectives :
z Validate Wake Vortex models
z Validate ONERA LIDAR technology

Safety assessment objectives :

Assess the safety of reduced cross wind departure separations :
z In correlating cross wind and vortex transport
z In correlating wind along the departure trajectory with measured ground wind

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
CREDOS
Medium
2 min
CREDOS

Wake
vortices

Heavy

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
CREDOS
Equipment available

LIDAR systems :
Phase 2
US DLR ONERA 07L
LIDAR Phase 1
LIDAR LIDAR
25R

Wind profilers :

DLR DFS
SODAR WTR/RASS

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
CREDOS

Phase 1

US
LIDAR

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
CREDOS
Phase 2
07L

ONERA
LIDAR
DLR
LIDAR

Phase 1

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
WIDAO (Paris CDG – LFPG)
Research Objectives (second priority)
z Enrich data collection for further background wake vortex study

Validation objectives (second priority)

z Validate Radar technology for wake vortex detection and measurement
(conditional)

Safety assessment Objectives (first priority)

Relieve the dependency constraints between arrival and departure on CSPR :

z Medium departure while Heavy arriving

z Heavy departure while Medium arriving

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
WIDAO
Area of interest
Area of interest

EUROCONTROL
LIDAR Area of interest

Area of interest

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
WIDAO

Heavy
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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
WIDAO

2 min

Medium

Heavy
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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
WIDAO

Indep.
2 min Indep.

Medium

Heavy
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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
WIDAO

Indep.

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
WIDAO

EUROCONTROL LIDAR

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
TBS (Preliminary)
Objectives of the TBS LIDAR deployment (London Heathrow - EGLL)

Research objective (second priority)

z Investigate wake vortex behavior IGE and NGE (especially when generated by Heavy)

No technological validation objectives for the moment ??

Safety assessment objectives (first priority)

Establish the safety of time based separations under significant head wind condition :
z In the final approach phase
z Along the glide slope
z At the interception

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 LIDAR deployments in Europe
TBS (Preliminary)
Measurement also required at GS capture
Phase 1
27R Phase 2
27R

US
LIDAR

Radar?
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 Questions ?

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