ANDESITE STONE FROM CIREBON FOR WALL CRAFTING AND ONE OF THE

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Yovan Dwi Andhika Putra

ABTRACTION

Andesite is the name used for a family of fine-grained, extrusive igneous rocks that are
usually light to dark gray in color. They often weather to various shades of brown, and these
specimens must be broken for proper examination. Andesite is rich
in plagioclasefeldspar minerals and may contain biotite, pyroxene, or amphibole. Andesite
usually does not contain quartz or olivine.
Andesite is typically found in lava flows produced by stratovolcanoes. Because these
lavas cooled rapidly at the surface, they are generally composed of small crystals. The mineral
grains are usually so small that they cannot be seen without the use of a magnifying device. Some
specimens that cooled rapidly contain a significant amount of glass, while others that formed from
gas-charged lavas have a vesicular or amygdaloidal texture.

INTRODUCTION
Andesite are common rocks of the continental crust above subduction zones. They
generally form after an oceanic plate melts during its descent into the subduction zone to produce
a source of magma. Diorite is a coarse-grained igneous rock that forms when the magma did not
erupt, but instead slowly crystallized within Earth's crust. Andesite is a fine-grained rock that
formed when the magma erupted onto the surface and crystallized quickly.
Andesite have a composition that is intermediate between basalt and granite. This is
because their parent magmas formed from the partial melting of a basaltic oceanic plate. This
magma may have received a granitic contribution by melting granitic rocks as it ascended or mixed
with granitic magma.
Andesite derives its name from the Andes Mountains of South America. In the Andes it
occurs as lava flows interbedded with ash and tuff deposits on the steep flanks of stratovolcanoes.
Andesite stratovolcanoes are found above subduction zones in Central America, Mexico,
Washington, Oregon, the Aleutian Arc, Japan, Indonesia, the Philippines, the Caribbean, and New
Zealand, among other locations.
 Andesite can also form away from the subduction zone environment. For example, it can
form at ocean ridges and oceanic hot spots from partial melting of basaltic rocks. It can also form
during eruptions at continental plate interiors where deep-source magma melts continental crust or
mixes with continental magmas. There are many other environments where andesite might form.

CIREBON AS A PRODUCER OF ANDESITE STONES

Geographically, andesite stones are commonly found in volcanic clusters which are
commonly found on the island of Java. For West Java, this natural stone can be found in Cirebon
region, so many call it Batu Cirebon or Cirebon andesite stone. The region of Cirebon and
Majalengka is a hilly area with a cluster of mountain Ciremai so that many hills contain natural
stones. This natural stone is mined in hilly areas where the soil structure is solid or hard, making
it difficult for plants to grow in the area
Andesite stones in the mine from the underground as if excavated from underground.
Whereas the excavated soil is the soil in the hills that contains the structure of andesite stones in
the soil layer. Andesite stones in this area are extracted manually using a crowbar and then in a
square shape and then carried by truck to be distributed to andesite stone cutting factories. Because
this andesite natural stone is quite hard, the retrieval process takes quite a while and this hardness
affects the density of this andesite stone. The process of loading into the truck also takes time. Do
not imagine that the loading process was carried out by a person which is certainly impossible.
The loading process is carried out with a crowbar and moved slowly.
Andesite stone is a type of natural stone that has a high enough hardness level and
andesite stone also has a small porosity level due to its porous density. In general, andesite stones
are dark or black. The nature of the stone is solid and resistant to weather and mildew, making this
stone a favorite for beautifying a building and suitable for use in all spaces. Today, the use of
Andesite Stone can be applied to walls and floors for both interior and exterior in a minimalist
home.
Now Andesite has become the main building material, since it was established by the
ministry of public works since 2015. That andesite stone is a strong building material and has a
high artistic value, therefore, andesite stone is very suitable to replace the use of paving blocks
where the quality of paving is decreasing and quickly damaged. therefore since that time almost
all motorbikes and squares throughout Indonesia used andesite stones and in the future andesite
stones began to be directed to highways, especially in big cities because of the very high aesthetic
and artistic value.

CONCLUTION
Because the region of Cirebon and Majalengka is a hilly area with a cluster of Mount
Ciremai so many hills contain natural stones. Then found also andesite natural stones. Looking at
the rock properties which have small porosity and a fairly high level of hardness, this andesite
stone is used for one of the construction materials of a building or craft because it has properties
that are not easily damaged and mossy and this stone has a high aesthetic value.