Professional Documents
Culture Documents
December 20, 1989 Emilio Aguinaldo December 30
December 20, 1989 Emilio Aguinaldo December 30
December 20, 1989 Emilio Aguinaldo December 30
Historian Renato Constantino – it was Americans who were Encomienda system – Filipinos lost their ancestral lands
responsible for endorsing him as PH national hero.
Governor-General – appointed by the Spanish monarch and was the
Historian Teodoro Agoncillo – Rizal (symbol of assimilation) head of the Spanish colonial government in the country
Rizal’s name was one of the passwords of the secret Vice Royal Patron – could nominate priests for ecclesiastical
society which swore to fight for the country’s freedom. administration of the parishes.
Morga – Sucesos en las Islas Filipinas annoted by Rizal in 1890 to The provincial government was the most corrupt unit in
correct Spanish misinterpretations in the book written by Antonio local government.
Morga
Indulto de commercio – owing to the privilege to engage in and
Act No. 243 of the Philippine Commission – monument in Luneta monopolize trade
One province, Rizal Province, was named in his honor by Each town was headed by a gobernadorcillo or town mayor.
virtue of Act No. 137 of the Philippine Commission
Barangays – smallest unit of government
Guerrero – Rizal was the first Filipino; It was Rizal who first called the
Philippines his fatherland. Cabeza de barangay – maintenance of peace and order and the
collection
Rizal was the first exponent of Asian nationalism
Ayuntamiento – the city government during the Spanish Regime
Fisher – called Rizal as the Pioneer Exponent of Liberal Democracy
in Asia. Ayuntamiento was governed by a cabildo or city council
composed of a city mayor
Nationalism – is a sense of loyalty or psychological attachment City mayor : alcalde en ordinario
members of a nation share, based on a common language, history, Councillors : regidores
culture, and desire for independence. Chief Constable : Aguacil mayor
Secretary : escribano
George Washington – leader (American Revolution)
Friars – supervising representative of the Spanish government for all
Two major Revolutions:
local affairs.
1. American revolution of 1776
Frailocracia – the friars became more powerful and influential that
2. French Revolution of 1789
even civil authorities feared them.
The ideology of the French Revolution – Liberty, Fraternity and
Guardia Civil – corps of native police under the leadership of Spanish
Equality – had influenced subject peoples to cast off the yoke of
officers
colonialism by means of armed uprising.
Filibusteros – enemies of government
The principal ideas of liberalism – liberty and equality – were first
realized successfully in the American Revolution and then achieved Erehes – enemies of the Catholic Church
in part in the French Revolution.
Judicial power of the government was vested on the
Democracy was non-existent in the Philippines in the 19th century. Audiencia Real, the Supreme Court during those times and
the lower courts.
Industrial Revolution – transformation of manufacturing brought
about by the invention and use of machines. Two territorial audiencias:
Negative Effect: Unfair Labor Practice 1. Courts of first instance
2. Justice of the peace courts
Cosequence of encomienda System : feudalistic
Peninsulares
Insulares
Spanish mestizos
Principalia
Chinese mestizo
Indios or Natives