Babylonian

Akkadian
East Assyrian
Semitic
Eblaite

G@Q@z

Tigre

Tigrinya

Ethio- Amharic, Argobba

Semitic
Harari

Silt’e

Proto South East

Zay
Semitic Ethio- Gurage
Semitic Wolane

Gafat
A
Outer Kistane, etc.
(Gunnän
Muher
Gurage)
B Mesqan
West
Chaha, etc.
Gurage
Inor, etc.

West Mehri, Harsusi, Bat’hari

Semitic Western
MSA Hobyot
Modern
S Arabian
Eastern Jibbali
MSA Soqotri

Sabaic

Minaic
Ancient
Arabian Qatabanic

Had’ramitic

Dadanitic, Taymanitic, Hismaic, etc.

North
Safaitic
Arabian
Arabic- Classical, Modern Standard
Safaitic
Central modern spoken Arabic
Semitic
Ugaritic

Samalian

Phoenician, Punic

Moabite

Ammonite
Northwest Canaanite
Semitic Edomite

Deir QAlla

Hebrew

Old Aramaic Inscriptions

Aramaeo- Official/Imperial Aramaic

Canaanite
Palestinian

Nabatean
Middle
Aramaic Palmyrene

Hatran

Jewish Galilean
Aramaic
Late & Mod Samaritan
Western Christian Palestinian

Modern Western Aramaic

Modern
Turoyo, Mlahso
Central

Syriac

Jewish Babylonian
Late & Mod
Eastern
Mandaic

Northeastern Neo-Aramaic

Subgrouping of the Semitic Languages

Prepared by John Huehnergard and Na’ama Pat-El, July 2018

1
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