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VRIN

Resources Valuable? Rare? Costly / Non- Core


difficult to substitutable competency
imitate?
Reputation
Brand
ownership
Relationship
with customers
Products /
services
With
community,
authorities
With suppliers
With
employers

Human
Skills, expertise
Adaptability of
employees
Commitment
and loyalty of
employees

Technological
Proprietary
technologies
(patents,
copyrights etc.)
Application of
technology
(know-how)

Financial
Company’s
borrowing
capacity
Internal funds

Physical
Plant and
equipment
Assets
Raw materials
Capabilities Valuable? Rare? Costly / Non- Core
difficult to substitutable competency
imitate?
R&D
Basic research
Innovation in
new products /
services

Management
Strategic
control
Financial
management
Coordination of
business units
Resource
management
Partnership
management

Marketing
Responsiveness
to market
trends
Promotion of
quality
Brand
management

Sales
Quality of
customer
service
Effectiveness in
executing sales

Information
Management
Comprehensive
Effective

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