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Abstract - Randolf Bio
Abstract - Randolf Bio
Abstract - Randolf Bio
Abstract
The creation of the Philippine Scouts in 1901 under the banner of the United States
manifested its intention to use it as a colonial tool for the gradual pacification of the Philippine
Islands. It was the genesis of a colonial army in Asia by the United States composed of officers
from the United States Armed Forces and heavily equipped with enlisted men from natives or
Filipinos. It was a dubious experiment for the new imperialist. As a matter of fact, the Philippine
Scouts proved to be the ‘local militia’ of the Philippines under the U.S. Army even when a civil
government was already established in the Philippines. They were used as a counterinsurgency
force and a support for the Philippine Police – Philippine Constabulary – whenever necessary. The
research presents a short account of the history of the Philippine Scouts with emphasis on the
recruitment, training, instruction, and its status in the U.S. Army. The research employs the
methods of historical research which paved to a better context of the study. Further, the research
found that, despite the status and fame of the scouts in the Philippines, the Philippine Scouts was
not ‘recognized’ by the U.S. Army which became a constant struggle of the force that led to an
internal problem of the organization later. Despite this problem, its training and instruction were
patterned after the standards of the U.S. Army creating a world-class native army in the
Philippines. Thus, the Philippine Scouts’ experienced under the U.S. Army would give us a better
understanding of the United States military hegemony in the Philippines and its employment of
Primary Sources
Philippine Commission. Bureau of Insular Affairs. Fourth Annual Reports of the Philippine
Commission, 1903. Part III. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1904.
__________. Bureau of Insular Affairs. Reports of the Philippine Commission to the Civil
Governor, 1900-1903. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1905.
__________. Report of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War, 1911. Washington:
Government Printing Office, 1912.
__________. Special Report of William H. Taft to the President on the Philippines Washington:
Government Printing Office, 1908.
Philippine Legislature. Acts of the Congress and Treaties Pertaining to the Philippine Islands,
1919. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1920.
United States Congress. A Digest of Opinions of the Judge Advocates General of the Army.
Washington: Government Printing Office, 1912.
War Department. Compilation of General Orders, Circulars, and Bulletins of the War Department,
1881-1915. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1916.
Secondary Sources
Elliot, Charles Burke. The Philippines: To the End of the Commission Government. Indianapolis:
The Bobs-Merrill Company Publishers, 1917.
Endy, Clarence E. Jr. “USMA Foreign Cadet Program – A Case Study.” Carlisle Barracks,
Pennsylvania: US Army War College, 1981.
Laurie, Clayton D. “The Philippine Scouts: America’s Colonial Army, 1899-1913,” Philippine
Studies, Vol. 37, No. 2. DOI: http://www.jstor.org/stable/42634583
Malcolm, George A. The Government of the Philippine Islands: Its Development and
Fundamentals. Rochster, N.Y.: The Lawyers Co-Operative Publishing Company, 1916.
Meixsel, Richard. “The Philippine Scout Mutiny of 1924,” in South East Asia Research, Vol. 10,
No. 3. DOI: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23750004.
Reeves, Ira L. A Manual for Aspirants for Commissions in the United States Military Service.
Franklin Hudson Publishing Co., Kansas City, MO., 1910.