In The Name of Allah

AUTOMATIC CONTROL
SYSTEMS
Ali Karimpour
Associate Professor
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Reference:
1. ATMEGA 32 datasheet
2. AVR033: Getting Started with the Code Vision AVR C Compiler
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Lecture 5

The AVR Programming and

Simulation

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Contents

Introduction to AVR
Specially ATMEGA32 (One of the AVR ATMEGA microcontrollers family)

Code Vision
Programming a microcontroller through high level language(C)

Proteus
The Proteus provides detailed instructions on how to create new simulator models,
using schematic techniques.

Simple Examples
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ATMEGA32 Features
 High-performance, Low-power Atmel®AVR®
8-bit Microcontroller
 131 Powerful Instructions – Most Single-clock
Cycle Execution
 32 × 8 General Purpose Working Registers
 32Kbytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash
program memory (W/E: 10,000 times)
 1024Bytes EEPROM (W/E: 100,000 times)
 Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C
 Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses, and
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Lock Bits through the JTAG Interface
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ATMEGA32 Features
 Operating Voltages
• – 2.7V - 5.5V for ATmega32L
• – 4.5V - 5.5V for ATmega32
 Speed Grades
• 0 - 8MHz for ATmega32L
• 0 - 16MHz for ATmega32
 Power Consumption at 1MHz, 3V, 25°C
• Active: 1.1mA
• Idle Mode: 0.35mA
• Power-down Mode: < 1μA
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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 Two 8-bit Timer/Counters and one 16-bit
 Four PWM Channels
 8-channel, 10-bit ADC
 Programmable Serial USART
 Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-
chip Oscillator
 On-chip Analog Comparator
 Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator
 External and Internal Interrupt Sources
 Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-
save, Power-down, Standby and Extended Standby6
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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

One of the most important role of Registers is tuning the application of each unit

ATMEGA 32

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 Timer/Counter

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 Timer/Counter

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 PWM Channel

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 Programmable Serial USART

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 Watchdog Timer

Program must
reset Watchdog
timer before
MCU RESET
occurring

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 Interrupt Sources

External Interrupts

Internal Interrupts

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 External Interrupt Sources

What is the importance of External Interrupts?

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 Internal Interrupt Sources

What is the importance of Internal Interrupts? 15

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ATMEGA32 Peripheral Features

 Sleep Mode

Power-down Mode: < 1μA

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ATMEGA32 Pin Descriptions

VCC Digital supply voltage.

GND Ground.

Port A (PA7..PA0)
Port A is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port.

Port B (PB7..PB0)
Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port.

Port C (PC7..PC0)
Port C is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port.

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Port D (PD7..PD0) Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O Ali
port.
Karimpour, Hamed Moll-Ahmadian Apr 2013
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ATMEGA32 Pin Descriptions

RESET
Reset Input.

XTAL1
Input to the inverting Oscillator amplifier
and input to the internal clock operating
circuit.
XTAL2
Output from the inverting Oscillator
amplifier.

AVCC
AVCC is the supply voltage pin for Port A
and the A/D Converter.

AREF AREF is the analog reference pin for the A/D Converter. 18
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ATMEGA32 Pin Descriptions
Port A Pins Alternate Functions

ADC0-7

Port A serves as the analog inputs to the A/D

Converter.

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ATMEGA32 Pin Descriptions
Port B Pins Alternate Functions

XCK/T0
T0 (Timer/Counter0 External Counter Input)
XCK (USART External Clock Input/Output)

T1
T1 (Timer/Counter1 External Counter Input)

INT2/AINO
AIN0 (Analog Comparator Positive Input)
INT2 (External Interrupt 2 Input)

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ATMEGA32 Pin Descriptions
Port D Pins Alternate Functions

PD2
INT0 (External Interrupt 0 Input)

PD3
INT1 (External Interrupt 1 Input)

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Code Vision AVR

Programming a microcontroller through high level language(C)

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Code Vision AVR

1. Opening Code vision

2. Creating new project

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Code Vision AVR

3. Chip selection

4. Clock setting

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Code Vision AVR

5. Port setting
- Selecting port
- Input / Output selection (DDRx)

- Pull up / Output value selection

(PORTx)

x can be: A / B / C / D
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Code Vision AVR

6. External Interrupts setting

- Interrupt Number selection
- Interrupt Mode determination
(Low level / Any change /
Falling Edge / Rising Edge)

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Code Vision AVR

7. Timers setting
- Timer Number selection
- Timer or Counter determination
- Timer Frequency determination (CSxx)
- Timer Mode determination (WGMxx)
- Timer Interrupt (OCIEx / TOIEx)
- Timer Initial Values (TCNTx / OCRx)

x can be: 0 / 1 / 2
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Code Vision AVR

8. Serial USART setting

- Serial Dirrection selection
- Serial Interrupt enabling
(RXCIE / TXCIE)
- Serial Baud rate determination (UBRR)
- Serial Communication Parameters
determination (UCSRC)
- Serial Mode selection

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Code Vision AVR

9. LCD setting
- LCD Port selection
- LCD Selection
- LCD Pin Out explanation

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Code Vision AVR

10. Completing the Project

- Save source file

- Save Project file

- Save Code Wizard

AVR Project file

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Code Vision AVR

Generated Program Save , Compile and Run the Terminal (Serial) Terminal Setting
Built Program

Template Codes

Message Window

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Code Vision AVR

 Generated Program.txt
 Generated Program.dox
 Generated Program.pdf

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Code Vision AVR

 place your code in determined
places
 Save Compile and Build your
Program
Save , Compile and
 InformationBuilt
Window
Program shows the
occurred Warnings and Errors
 Now The Hex file of your Code
is Generated here:
 Project path/Exe/

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Proteus 7 Professional
The Proteus provides detailed instructions on how to create new
simulator models, using schematic techniques.

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Proteus 7 Professional

1. Opening Proteus
 1. Opening Proteus.
 2. Placing the devices of the circuit.
 3. Wiring the circuit.
 3. Programming the micro (ATmega32).
 4. Adding probes and sensors if needed.
 5. Simulating the circuit.

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Proteus 7 Professional

Select mode

Component mode

Wiring mode

Pick new object

Power / GND / etc

More Powers and

Generators

Voltage and
Current Probes

Seneor and
Instrumentation

Run the simulation

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Proteus 7 Professional
You can search
for your device
here

OR find it
from the
Category

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Proteus 7 Professional

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Proteus 7 Professional

Some devices that has been

used in next examples

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Proteus 7 Professional

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Simple Examples
Simple programming and simulation examples

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Simple Examples
 Example1
 Used Blocks:

 I/O ports

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Simple Examples
 Example2
 Used Blocks:

 I/O ports

 Counter0

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Simple Examples
 Example3
 Used Blocks:

 I/O ports

 Counter0

 PWM2

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Simple Examples
 Example4
 Used Blocks:

 I/O ports

 Counter0

 PWM2

 Interrupt

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Simple Examples
 Example5
 Used Blocks:

 I/O ports

 Counter0

 PWM2

 Interrupt

 USART

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A manual control system with brain
microcontroller

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