FY-13 20A.

Comparing analysis results, we can be confirmed that irreversible demagnetization occurs

more than locked condition at a lower current.
Magnetic Field Analysis of Irreversible Demagnetization in Brushless DC Motor According
to the Dynamic and Static Characteristic. [1]K. Ki-Chan, L. Seung-Bin, K. Dae-Hyun and L. ju, “The Shape Design of Permanent Magnet for Permanent Magnet
H. KIM, J. HUR Synchronous Motor considering Partial Demagnetization,” IEEE Trans. on Magn., vol.42, no.10, pp. 3485-3487, 2006.
University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea [2]J. R. Ruiz, J. A. Rosero, A. G. Espinosa, and L. Romeral, “Detection of demagnetization faults in permanent-magnet
synchronous motors under non-stationary conditions,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 45, pp. 2961–2969, July 2009.
I.Introduction [3]Y. S. Lee, K. T. Kim, and J. Hur “Finite-element Analysis of the Demagnetization of IPM-type BLDC Motor with Stator
Permanent magnet (PM) brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are widely used in industrial Turn Sault,” IEEE Trans. on Magn, vol. 50, no.2, Feb. 2014.
application such as electric vehicles, robot, and home appliances because the PM BLDC motors [4]J. D. McFarland and T. M. Jahns, “Investigation of the Rotor Demagnetization Characteristics of Interior PM Synchronous
have potential to be small size due to their high energy density, performance and efficiency. Machines during Fault Conditions,” Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE’12), 2012 IEEE, pp. 4021-4028
On the other hand, the PM BLDC motors have disadvantages caused by using the PM such as irre- [5]Hung Vu Xuan, H. Polinder, D. Lahaye and J. A. Ferreira, “Modeling for the design of fractional slot PM machines with
versible demagnetization, destruction, and scattering. Among these disadvantages, in particular, concentrated windings protected from demagnetization during three-phase short circuit,” Energy Conversion Congress and
Exposition(ECCE’12), 2012 IEEE, pp. 1276-1283.
irreversible demagnetization is frequently occurred in a high speed operation. If the irreversible
demagnetization is occurred, motor performance is extremely degraded by reducing the back elec-
tromotive force and output torque. The main reasons of irreversible demagnetization are an increase
in temperature, armature reaction and inverse magnetic field.
Thus, many studies on irreversible demagnetization have been advanced [1]-[2]. In [1], the influ-
ence on the irreversible demagnetization of the interior PM synchronous motors has been studied.
As above studies, static analysis method for irreversible demagnetization is generally used consid-
ering just d-axis magnetic flux components because d-axis is the direction of the main magnetic
flux. However, this analysis cannot consider the PM condition in actual driving situation because
static analysis is performed on the assumption that the motor is in starting or locking conditions.
Recently, trends of the study on irreversible demagnetization consider the turn fault condition as a
reason of the irreversible demagnetization [3]-[5].
However, irreversible demagnetization analysis without turn fault condition is not much. Thus, Fig.2. Comparision analysis result of static and
dynamic characteristics
dynamic characteristic analysis of irreversible demagnetization is necessary to improve the accura-    
cy of the irreversible demagnetization characteristics.
In this study, we developed a dynamic characteristic analysis algorithm for irreversible demagneti-
zation. Using the developed algorithm, we compared static and dynamic characteristic analysis of
irreversible demagnetization. Finally, we propose a maximum current limit for the impact of the
irreversible demagnetization in the motor design.
II.Development of Irreversible demagnetization algorisms
A.Governing equation
If the all materials in analysis region are isotropy and the direction of current density only has z-ax-
is, the two-dimensional governing equation of the PM BLDC motor is expressed as follow.
∂/∂x (1/μ ∂A/∂x) + ∂/∂y (1/μ ∂A/∂y) = -j0 - (∂My/∂x + ∂Mx/∂y) (1)
where A, μ, j0, Mx and My respectively denote the magnetic vector potential, the permeability, the
current density, x and y components of PM magnetization.
B.Irreversible demagnetization algorisms
Fig.1 shows process of dynamic characteristic analysis in order to irreversible demagnetization.
Analysis of irreversible demagnetization is progressed after nonlinear analysis. In nonlinear analy-
sis, δ is the end factor determined by the accuracy requirement. If the element in PM is irreversibly
demagnetized, residual flux density of the element in PM is renewed considering B-H curve of PM.
Renewed or demagnetized residual flux density of PM is used in the next time step.
III.Analysis result and discussion
Using model in analysis of irreversible demagnetization is surface permanent magnet type BLDC
motor and residual magnetic flux density is 0.69T. In analysis, Temperature condition is assumed Fig. 1. Process of dynamic analysis in order to irre-
150 in internal of motor. versible demagnetization
   
Fig. 2 (a) shows residual magnetic flux density of PM as static analysis. Static analysis has differ-
ence between angle and current condition is applied 30A.Fig. 2(b) shows change of residual mag-
netic flux density. In dynamic analysis, edge and surface of PM are generated to apply continuously
less than current of 20A.Fig. 2(c) shows rate of irreversible demagnetization for one pole according
to change current in the locked and rotated motor condition. At analysis of locked condition, rate of
irreversible demagnetization occur 10% in 30A. But, at analysis of rotated condition, occur 10% in

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