PROBLEM 01 – 0001: The figure shows a field which is in the x direction and is

constant at the value K. Evaluate the line integral ∫F ∙ ds

from a to c along two paths, abc and adc and around the
closed path abcda.

Solution: First, for the path abc,

∫abc F ∙ ds = ∫ab F ∙ ds + ∫bc F ∙ ds
In the integral from a to b, F = K, ds = dx, and the angle θ between F and
ds is zero, so that cos θ = 1. In the integral from b to c, F = K, ds = dy,
and
the angle θ between F and ds is 90°, so that cos θ = 0. Then,
∫abc F ∙ ds = x=2∫x=1 (K) (1) (dx) + y=0∫y=1 (K) (0) (dy)
= Kx]21 = K
Next, on the path adc, F = K, the angle θ between F and ds is 45°, and
so
cos θ = 1√2 and ds = dx/cos θ = √2 dx.
Then,
∫abc F ∙ ds = x=2∫x=1 (K) (1 / √2) (√2 dx) = Kx ]21 = K
The integrals along the two paths are equal, and around the closed path,
∮ F ∙ ds = ∫abcda F ∙ ds = 0.
Source.

https://stemez.com/subjects/technology_engineering/1KElectricalMachines/1KElectricalMachines.php\