A.

Public Transportation
Public transportation (also known as public transportation or mass transportation) is
a shared passenger transportation service that is available for use by the general public,
different from transportation modes such as taxis, rental buses, and transportation network
companies, which cannot be accessed by the general public without order independently.
Modes of public transportation include city buses, trams (or light rail) and trains, fast
trains (metro / subway / underground, etc.) and ferries. Inter-city public transportation is
dominated by airlines, intercity buses, trains and intercity trains. A high-speed train network
is being developed in many parts of the world. Most public transportation systems run along a
fixed route with a stop point with a pre-arranged schedule. Share taxis offer demand-based
services in many parts of the world, and some services will wait until the vehicle is full
before the taxi leaves. Paratransit is sometimes used in areas with low demand and people
who need door-to-door services

B. Mode of Transportation
1. Air Transport

An airline provides scheduled services for aircraft between airports. Air travel has a
high, but it causes a lot of waiting time before Lac i.esadah travel. and therefore often only
feasible * talc that is farther away or in areas where it is lacking so that other modes of
transportation are not possible mozadliac Airlines bushes work more similarly.

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with a bus stop; a plane is waiting for the Cilr 1 lift to take off when the plane is full.
2. Land Transportation
a. The Bus

Bus services use buses on conventional roads to carry many passengers on

trips that have short distances. Buses operate at low capacity (compared to trams
or trains), and can operate on conventional roads, with relatively inexpensive
buses stopping to serve passengers. Therefore buses are public transportation
used in small towns and large urban areas, in rural areas also equipped with
shuttle services to major cities. Bus rapid transit is an ambiguous term used for
buses operating on rail lines. Electric buses are electric-based buses that use wire
on the train to get power for traction.
b. Rail Based Transportation (Trains)

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Passenger train transportation is passenger transportation through wheeled vehicles
specifically designed to run on the railroad track. The train allows loading of high capacity
passengers to travel short or long distances, but requires rail, signals, infrastructure and
stations to be built and maintained. Urban transit trains consist of trams, fast trains, commuter
trains, monorails and cable cars.

1) Commuter, In City And High Speed Trains

Commuter trains are part and public transportation in urban areas, but provide faster
services for suburbs and neighboring cities and villages. Trains stop at all stations,
which are there to serve passengers in the center of the suburbs or small cities.
Stations are often combined with a shuttle bus or parking system and ride on each
station. The frequency of these trains is possible up to several times per hour, and the
commuter rail system can be part of a national train, or operated by a local transit
agent.
Train in the city is a long-distance passenger service that connects several urban areas.
They have several stops, and aim at high average speeds, usually making only one of
several stops per city. This service may also be international, connecting cities
between countries. A fast train is a passenger train that operates significantly faster
and is conventional rail, usually at least 200 kilometers per hour (120 mph). The most
dominant systems have been built in Europe and Japan, and compared to air travel,
offer long-distance train travel as fast as air services, have lower prices to compete
more effectively and use electricity instead of burning.

2) Light Trams and Trains

Trams are railroad vehicles that run on city streets or through special routes. They
have a higher capacity than buses, but must follow a dedicated infrastructure

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with rails and cables above or below the lane, limiting their flexibility.
Light rail is a modern development (and use) of trams, with dedicated directions not shared
with other traffic, with free access and increased speed. Light railways are basically used in
inter-city transportation. A fast transit train system (also called metro, subway or subway)
operates in urban areas with high capacity and frequency, as well as the separation of classes
and other traffic.

This system can carry many passengers quickly at short distances and with small land use.
Rapid transit variations include people drive, small-scale lightweight metro and S-Balm
commuter rail hybrids. More than 160 cities have a fast transit system, with a total of more
than 8; 000 km (4; 971 mi) tracks and 7,000 stations. Twenty-five cities have this system
under construction.

c. Motorcycle And Ojek

In the Philippines and elsewhere, motorbikes are used as public transportation.

Motorbikes can be used singly or with a sidecar installed, the latter often referred
to as a "pedicab". They can also be rented for personal trips, such as taxis, or used
to travel together, with a designated route, such as a bus. In Indonesia, motorbike
lanes are better known as ojek. Ojek (or ojeg) is informal public transportation in
Indonesia in the form of a motorcycle or bicycle, but it is more common in the
form of a motorcycle. It is called informal because its existence is not recognized
by the government and there is no permit for its operation. Passengers are usually
one person but can sometimes be both. With the price specified

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by bargaining with the driver first after that the driver will deliver to the destination desired
by the passenger.
d. Automatic Rickshaw And Pedicab
Becak is a three-wheeled transportation mode commonly found in Indonesia and
also in parts of Asia. The normal capacity of a rickshaw is two passengers and a
driver. Being a pedicab driver is one of the ways to get the easiest income, so that
the number of pedicab drivers in the area with high unemployment will be very
high.
Automatic pedicabs bring people and goods in many developing countries. Also
known as three-wheeled vehicles, Samosa, Tempo, Tuk-Tuk, rickshaws, bajaj,
rickshaws, motorbike taxis, babytaxi or lapa in popular languages, they are
motorized versions and traditional rickshaws are pulled or wheeled rickshaws.
They are an important form of urban transportation, not as vehicles for rent as
well as for personal use, in many developing countries, and forms of bare
transportation in many Eastern countries.
e. Taxi
Taxi is a type of vehicle to be rented with a driver, which is used by a single
passenger or a small group of passengers. A taxi takes passengers to their chosen
location. In public transport mode, the location of transport and drop in
passengers is determined by the service provider, not by passengers, although
responsive transportation requests and taxi shares provide a mode of hybrid buses
/ taxis.
3. Water Transportation

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a. Ferry
Ferries are boats or ships, used to carry (or cross) passengers, and sometimes their
vehicles, through the waters. A ferry passenger with many stops is sometimes called a
water taxi. Ferries form part of the public transportation system in the coastal areas of
the island, allowing direct travel between points with costs that are much lower than
building bridges or tunnels, even at lower speeds. Large-scale long-distance
connecting ships (long distances such as in the waters of the Mediterranean Sea) can
also be referred to as ferries.

b. Ship
Ships, are vehicles that carry passengers and goods in the sea, such as canoes or
smaller boats. Ships are usually large enough to carry small boats like lifeboats.
Normally the boat can carry a boat but the boat does not (can carry ships. The actual
size where a boat is called a boat is always determined by laws and regulations or
local customs.

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C. The Importance Of Public Transportation
Public transportation is indeed one of the best solutions to minimize congestion and
excessive air pollution in cities. But strangely, the use of private transportation is still
increasing every day.
Using public transportation is somewhat tiring and still needs improvement and in
terms of comfort and security. However, when viewed from the positive side, public
transportation has several benefits for its users. The following includes:
1. Save costs
Public transportation tariffs for travel are quite far, especially when using trains
ranging from Rp. 2,000 - Rp. 10,000. You don't need to worry about anything else,
just waiting for the public transportation to reach your destination.
2. Time to socialize
Of course public transportation is used by many people. At times like that you can use
it to learn to socialize and dialogue with other people around you. That way your
connection will increase too.
3. Can observe social change
When using public transportation, we often indirectly observe social changes that
occur in the community, for example and in terms of clothing and behavior.
4. Helping government programs
Programs like Go-Green and efforts to reduce congestion, you do indirectly when
using public transportation. In addition, you also help the government in optimizing
fuel subsidies.
5. Healthier
This is because it allows you to move more. For example, you go to the office or
school by walking first to the station to use the train. Of course this activity is more
healthy than if we use private vehicles.

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6. More Flexible
For example, after you go home from school or office, you use public transportation.
Suddenly on the way you are hungry and happen to see a place to eat. You can
immediately ask to stop at that place without having to find parking for your personal
vehicle.

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D. How To Get A Better Transportation System (Public Transportation)
Indonesia is the tenth worst transportation country in the world. Therefore, the
government should fix this by:
- Widen the road so that congestion does not occur
- Make a toll so that travel is more effective
- Provide street lighting so that it does not happen or other crime.
1. The government must be more assertive in driving procedures for banning minors
from riding vehicles, each house may only have 1 vehicle, so that congestion does not
occur and the lack of air police to reduce global warming.
2. The government not only does this but also provides public transportation that is
sufficient and suitable to be used so that it is not dangerous when used.
3. The government must also provide insight from the outset so as not to violate the
rules when they grow up.
4. Public vehicles must also be provided with GPS to make it easier and more effective

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Public Transport
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportasiumum
Public Transportation Is Important
https://www.kompasiana.com/ayuninaqaeta/5a22bcb8b3f86c5a4342fal2/mengapa-beralih-ke-
transportasi-umum-itu-penting?page=all
How To Get A Better Transportation System (Public Transportation)
https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/566542c2dcO6bd115c8b456a/opini-pribadi-inilah-cara-
agar-warga-lebih-memilih-angkut-umum/

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