Form 4: Chapter 4 (Simultaneous Equations)

SPM Practice
Fully-Worked Solutions

Paper 2

1 4x + y = x 2 + x – y = –3 y
3 x + = 1 … 1
4x + y = –3 … 1 2
x 2 + x – y = –3 … 2 3xy – 7y = 2 … 2
From 1 : y = –3 – 4x … 3 From 1 :
Substitute 3 into 2 : 2x + y = 2
y = 2 – 2x … 3
x 2 + x – (–3 – 4x) = –3
x 2 + x + 3 + 4x + 3 = 0 Substituting 3 into 2 :
x 2 + 5x + 6 = 0 3x(2 – 2x) – 7(2 – 2x) – 2 = 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0 6x – 6x 2 – 14 + 14x – 2 = 0
x = –2 or –3 –6x 2 + 20x – 16 = 0
From 3 : 3x 2 – 10x + 8 = 0
(3x – 4)(x – 2) = 0
When x = –2, y = –3 – 4(–2) = 5
4
When x = –3, y = –3 – 4(–3) = 9 x = or 2
3
Hence, the solutions are x = –2, y = 5
From 3 :
or x = –3, y = 9.
4 4 2
When x = , y = 2 – 2
3 3 =–
3
2 x – y = 1 … 1 When x = 2, y = 2 – 2(2) = –2
2
x + 3y = 6 … 2 1 2
Hence, the solutions are x = 1 , y = –
From 1 : x = 1 + y … 3 3 3
or x = 2, y = –2.
Substitute 3 into 2 , we have:
(1 + y)2 + 3y = 6
1 + 2y + y 2 + 3y – 6 = 0 4 3x + y = 2 … 1
y 2 + 5y – 5 = 0 x2 + 2y2 + xy = 4 … 2
2
–b ± b – 4ac From 1 : y = 2 – 3x … 3
y =
2a
2 Substituting 3 into 2 :
–5 ± 5 – 4(1)(–5)
y = x 2 + 2(2 – 3x)2 + x(2 – 3x) = 4
2(1)
x 2 + 2(4 – 12x + 9x 2) + 2x – 3x 2 – 4 = 0
–5 ± 45 x 2 + 8 – 24x + 18x 2 + 2x – 3x 2 – 4 = 0
y =
2(1) 16x 2 – 22x + 4 = 0
y = 0.854 or –5.854 8x 2 – 11x + 2 = 0
From 3 : (–11)2 – 4(8)(2)
x = – (–11) ±
When y = 0.854, x = 1 + 0.854 = 1.854 2(8)
When y = –5.854, x = 1 + (–5.854) = –4.854 11 ± 57
x =
Hence, the solutions are x = 1.854, y = 0.854 16
or x = –4.854, y = –5.854 (correct to 3 decimal x = 1.159 or 0.216
places).

10
 From 3 : 7 3x – y = 9 … 1
When x = 1.159, y = 2 – 3(1.159) = –1.477 x2 – 2x + y2 = 9 … 2
When x = 0.216, y = 2 – 3(0.216) = 1.352 From 3 : y = 3x – 9 … 3
Substituting 3 into 2 :
Hence, the solutions are x = 1.159,
x2 – 2x + (3x – 9)2 = 9
y = –1.477 or x = 0.216, y = 1.352 (correct to
x – 2x + 9x2– 54x + 81 – 9 = 0
2
3 decimal places).
10x2 – 56x + 72 = 0
5x2 – 28x + 36 = 0
(x – 2)(5x – 18) = 0
5 2x – y – 2 = 0 … 1
2x 2 – 10x + y + 8 = 0 … 2 x = 2 or 18
5
From 1 : y = 2x – 2 … 3 From 3 :
When x = 2, y = 3(2) – 9 = –3
Substituting 3 into 2 :
2x 2 – 10x + 2x – 2 + 8 = 0
5  
When x = 18 , y = 3 18 – 9 = 9
5 5
2x 2 – 8x + 6 = 0 Hence, the solutions are x = 2, y = –3 or
x 2 – 4x + 3 = 0
(x – 1)(x – 3) = 0 x = 18 , y = 9
5 5
x = 1 or 3
From 3 :
When x = 1,
y = 2(1) – 2 = 0
When x = 3,
y = 2(3) – 2 = 4
Hence, the solutions are x = 1, y = 0 or x = 3, y = 4.

6 3x + y + 4 = 0 … 1
xy + 40 = y 2 … 2
From 1 : y = –3x – 4 … 3
Substituting 3 into 2 :
x(–3x – 4) + 40 = (–3x – 4)2
–3x 2 – 4x + 40 = 9x 2 + 24x + 16
9x 2 + 3x 2 + 24x + 4x + 16 – 40 = 0
12x 2 + 28x – 24 = 0
3x 2 + 7x – 6 = 0
(3x – 2)(x + 3) = 0
2
x = or –3
3
From 3 :
2
When x = ,
3
2
y = –3 3
– 4 = –6

When x = –3,
y = –3(–3) – 4 = 5
2
Hence, the solutions are x = , y = –6 or
3
x = –3, y = 5.

11