Bohairic words in the Coptic Dictionary

Anthony Alcock

The following is a list of the words identified in Crum's Coptic Dictionary (CD) as Bohairic (B), either
exclusively or predominantly. The forms given in CD merely as B variants of words in other dialects are not
listed, for example ouox (B) and auw (S) ultimately have the same parentage r-w3h, even though the S form may
reflect the radically divergent Demotic form iw-c3.1 The aim is to give a convenient overview of the survival of
words in B that have disappeared from or were never used in the other dialects. Earlier stages of the language
provide little evidence of written dialects, and this may not be entirely surprising in a highly centralized state in
which writing may to some extent have been 'controlled' by widespread illiteracy. It is also likely that the various
scripts used to record the writing did not lend themselves to revealing differences as easily as the alphabetic script
does. 2

Reference will also be made occasionally to R. Kasser Compléments au Dictionnaire Copte de Crum (KC). The
columns are arranged according to:
- lexical item,
- CD page number
- meaning given there
- etymology and other notes

I have cited all the etymological dictionaries known to me: those of J. Černy, W. Westendorf 3and W. Vycichl.
Westendorf's dictionary has a list of corrections and additions p. 483ff., in which reference is also made to Černy'
s dictionary. The dialect designations are those used by Crum and do not reflect recent progress made in
dialectological terminology, of which an overview is supplied by Vycichl on pp. xi-xii.

1
W. Erichsen Demotisches Glossar (1954) p. 76
2
E. Wente Late Ramesside Letters (1967) p. 35 on the possible dialect spelling of the word nbw. There may be more
indications of dialect writing in Demotic Egyptian, but so far they have not been identified. Written forms
undoubtedly concealed different pronunciations: a word as common as mry (love) is written in Sahidic regularly as
me/mere--/merit=and Bohairic regularly as mei/ menre---/menrit=, where it is likely that the process of
dissimilation is to be observed.
3
W. Spiegelberg first published his dictionary in 1921, with etymologies. His work was revised and expanded
substantially by W. Westendorf, who published his work more than half a century later.

1
Abbreviations:
Other dialects abbreviated in the standard way
NIC= Not in Crum
K= Athanasius Kircher Lingua Aegyptiaca Restituta (1643). Crum (p. xii) makes it clear that he has incorporated
emendations to Kircher's work.
KC= R. Kasser Compléments au Dictionnaire Copte (1961)
JČ= J. Černy Coptic Etymological Dictionary (1975)4
WW= W. Westendorf Koptisches Handwörterbuch (1977)
WV= W. Vycichl Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Copte (1997)

A rich quarry for B words, especially nouns, is the Arabic-Coptic word list, known as scala, perhaps a calque of
the Arabic ‫'( سلم‬ladder'), which in turn may be a calque of the Bohairic mouki (cf. JČ 80), many of which were
first published by Athanasius Kircher (K). When there is a reference to only one K text, I have cited the text;
when there is more than one reference, I have used the word 'scalae'.

It may be noted here that over 35% of Coptic words begin with an 'indigenous' letter, and of these the words
beginning with the grapheme 4 are all B, except in late S texts. It is worth noting that Westendorf, unlike Crum,
does not distinguish between 4 and x. It may also be noted that the arrangement of words is not always the same
in all dictionaries, and this depends on how certain letters are treated, for example, the vowels/semi-vowels ei and
ou (cf. in this respect the position of nei time in Crum and Westendorf) and the Greek letters c and v are
treated by Crum as the 8th and 21st letters of the alphabet, but by Westendorf as p- (or px-) and t (or tx) ,
respectively.

Westendorf sometimes designates a word as S because, according to Kasser, it occurs once in a S text, e.g. qih
(CD 803a), otherwise it is predominantly B.

I am sure that there are words and references that I have missed, and for this I apologize in advance. At some
point I hope to compile a list of the purely S words in the Dictionary, such klme (105a) meaning 'poultice'. My
interest in the subject is: why are there words in some dialects that are not or not well represented in others ? I
am, not surprisingly, no nearer to the answer. In my own laguage I could easily find out why there are are about a
dozen different words for the smallest unit of bread used regularly throughout the UK, but of course enquiries of
this sort are no longer so easily answered in the case of Coptic.

4
This book is to some extent unfinished and I feel sure that the author would not have sanctioned the publication of it
as it stands. The work in it represents many years of study and an extensive knowledge of Egyptian and other
languages, but the volume was prepared and published posthumously.

2
abrem 2a type of bread Possibly related to amre 'baker'. In 1 Chr. 16,3

abswn 2a mint JČ 2

abit 2a Monday WW 2; WV 4a

aklh 3b vessel JČ 3

ali 4b fenugreek
alkou 5b flask
allwki 6a plant
alwsti 6a army WW 4; WV 9a

aliji 6b fuller's earth JČ 5

aljai 6b large fish

amalhj 7b embrace WW 6: WV 9b

amin 7b pot
aminakou NIC ammoniac JČ 6

amna 7b herb, perfume

amoni 8a prevail, be in possession JČ 6

amre 9a nn.f. corn, flour (unspecific) WV 11b

am¥i xv rope JČ 7

ancous 11b lizard JČ 8; WW 9; WV 12b

ankoki 12a third (ring) finger WV 12b

anom 12a skin JČ 9; WW 8; WV 12b

anoni 12a live luxuriously WV 13a

anne NIC vbl prefix JČ 9; WV 13a

anno¥er 12a wild endive K 196

anapai 12a hen WW 8; WV 13b

antoli 12a fish-eating bird

antwri 12a one of mature age
anta¥ 12b sneeze JČ 10; WV 14a

an¥iri 12b bean JČ 10; 14b

apous 14b bald JČ 11; WW 10

3
ara 14b door ring WW 11; WV 15a

aro 15a cyperus

ascem NIC conjunction 'if not' JČ 13

asouli 18a butterflies WV 17a

asoui 18b purse, wallet JČ 13; WW 13; WV 17a

asvoui 18b first year of reign JČ 13; WW 13; WV 17b

asaf 18b bark, rind of caper root

asofper 18b bitter nut
aiou 19b travel B ? JČ 14

aulhou 20b part of monk's dress JČ 14

avwv 21b giant JČ 15; WW 10 WV 19b

a¥eben 23a enchanter JČ 15; WW 15; WV 20b

a¥ira 23a chameleon JČ 16; WW 16; WV 20b

a¥eu 23a astrologers JČ 16; WV 20b

afjir 23b greedy or shameful gain JČ 17; WW 16; WV 21b

a4i 25a reed JČ 17; WW 17WV 21b

a4wri 23b asp JČ 17

axo 24b dwelling ouaxo ? K 152

ajw 25b viper JČ 19; WW 18; WV 23b

aqol xvia calf JČ 19; WW 19; WV 23b

aqni 26b blemish, stain JČ 19; WW 19; WV 24a

bwk 30a servant, slave JČ 21; WW 21; WV 26b

baki 30b city, town JČ 21; WW 21; WV 26a

biki 31a horse equipment

boki 31a conceive JČ 21; WW 22; WV 26b

bikci 31a plant, fruit

bla 37a musical instrument JČ 22

belcwn 37b lion K 164 Coptic ?

4
balkou 38a bottle of water WV 28a

bini 40a crucible JČ 24; WW 28; WV 28b

binaj 41b dish JČ 25; WW 26; WV 30a

benji 41b elephant's trunk

berbir 42b missile JČ 26; WV 30b

bersi 43b orach (plant) K 195

bersi+ 43b basket WW 27 ; WV 30b

barhit 43b he-goat JČ 26; WV 30b

ber¥o 44a meaning unknown

bar¥in 44a caulker (?)
basour 44b antimony WW 28: WV 32b

bwts 46a fight, war JČ 28; WW 29 WV 32b

ba¥i 47a meaning unknown

boi¥i 47a desert animal JČ 29; WW 21 WV 26a

bwwxe 47b idol at Alexandria JČ 29; WV 33b

bexi 47b file

boxi 47b dyke, trench
bexbex 48a howling JČ 30; WW 30; WV 34a

bij 48b bones used as dice

biji 48b be wrecked (ship) JČ 30; WW 30; WV 34a

beqhn 48b rush JČ 31; WW 31; WV 34a

elbiji 54b unknown (domestic)

elxhs 770a exhaustion, panting JČ 34; WW 82; WV 102a

erbin 58a papyrus JČ 37

erbws 58a single ply of rope K 138

erbisi 58a hemp See ebra ?

erbit 58a camel saddle K 137

er¥i¥ 59b chickpea JČ 38

er¥i¥i 59b be powerful WW 336; WV 37a

5
erj 59b small bird WV 47a

eth¥ 61b mildew JČ 39; WW 42; WV 48b

eth¥i 61b crane JČ 39; WW 42; WV 48a

euni 62b millstone JČ 40; WW 42; WV 48b

evlhou 63a vanity JČ 40; WW 38

evwt 63a crocodile (?) JČ 40; WV 49a

efrasou 64a plant JČ 41

zaz 65a asphodel K 183

zenzen 65a lizard

hr NIC fellow JČ 42; WW 46; WV 54a

cwbi 68a unknown

cwb¥ 68a be astonished WW 224; WV 57a

cwk 68b mast of ship

calixi 68b fruit tree WW 231

coume 68b zodiacal sign JČ 43; WV 57a

cmis 68b dust JČ 43; WW 233; WV 58a

chni 69a grow WW 236

canno 69a appoint WW 235

cran 69a tin JČ 43; WW 243; WV 58a

cer¥ 69a linseed JČ 43; WW 244; WV 58a

couraji 69a monastic garment JČ 43; WV 58a

cous 69b point of beard JČ 43; WW 246; WV 58a

coucou 69b have lentigo WW 250

couelo 69b cause to overflow JČ 43; WW 253

caf 69b meaning unknown WV 58a

6
cifi 69b swelling tumour JČ 43; WW 256

coftef 69b let fall JČ 43; WW 256; WV 59a

iws 86a hasten JČ 48; WW 52; WV 67b

i¥ 88a urine JČ 49; WW 53; WV 68b

i4 89a demon JČ 50; WW 54; WV 69a

kh 92a river bank JČ 51; WW 52; WV 70a

kwi 98b elbow K 77 Arabic ‫? كوع‬

kabai 99a wickerwork JČ 52; WW 57; WV 71b

khbi 99b pitcher, jar JČ 52; WW 57; WV 71b

khbi 99b honey cake various scalae

kakoi 101b mucus of nose K 160

kel, khl 102a fish K 171

kelou 102b loosen sail (?)

kelka 102b lump. pustule JČ 55; WV 76a

kalouki 103a young camel, ox JČ 55; WV 76a

kolkel 103a unknown

kelwl 104a curling hair akelwl ?

klwili 104a caul K 103; KC 19a ref. to Polotsky JEA 25 p. 110

kelloj 104b puppy, buffalo JČ 56; WW 62; WV 78a

kwlem 104b hasten KC 19a

kalamvo 105a hill WV 79a

kalaphi 105a quail WW 63

kwlp 105b steal JČ 57; WW 62; WV 79a

kalt-- 106a be hairless on temples JČ 57 (perhaps from qwlp 'reveal'

kolta4 106a colocasia

kelvaj 106a truffle
kelfi 106a eyelid WV 80a

koulxot 107a fish K 170

7
yhmi 110a brazier, hearth (?) WW 64

kampi 110b bird

khn 111a cease, fail JČ 59; WW 65; WV 82a

knikiji 111b vessel/measure for liquids JČ 59; WW 65

keneviten 113a kind of loaf/cake JČ 60; WW 66; WV 83b

kanoufi 113a fish JČ 60; WW 66; WV 84a

kwp¥ 114b bow down

kapp¥w 114b sandy land JČ 61; WW 67

kori 115b skylight, trap-door K 153

kers 117b fish K 171

korten 117b house-leek K 198

kerxe 119a bald person JČ 63; WW 69; WV 87b

kwrj 119a cut down, break off JČ 63; WW 69; WV 87b

ka+ 123a know, understand WV 89b

ki+ 124a player, gambler WV 90b

katouli 129a mallow K 198

katmis 129a Egyptian mulberry K 178

keouou 129b crude wax K 178 misread for khron ?

kihu 129b meaning unknown

koulwl 130a wrap WV 77a

kouvat 130a carpet, mattress ? K 126

kavaji 130a part of date palm K 138 (leaf) and K 177 (stump)

ka¥ouli 131a desert fruit K 176

kex 131b arm JČ 67; WW 73; WV 91b

koixi 133a elbow ? JČ 68; WW 58 and 89

kaji 134b pitcher, bucket JČ 69

lobleb 137b love madly JČ 70; WV 94b

8
labas 137b aloe wood K 192

libos 137b colic K 159

louk 138b cheek, corner of mouth

louklak 139a bad, wicked WV 96a

lwkem 139b be moist, sodden

lakamou 139b colocynth
laksi 140a skip, bound
loukouji 140b holokottinos JČ 72; WW 77; WV 96b

lhl 140b necklace JČ 72; WW 78; WV 97a

lol 141a bed, bench WV 97a

lele 141a wander about JČ 72

laloukin 142a betel nut or cedar Coptic ?

lam 142a meaning unknown plant ? cf. lamrht

lom 142b morsel

lamrht 143a herb
lamwou 143b contrary to, beyond this ? Ar. ‫خلف ذالك‬

lenji 144a coat of mail, cuirass JČ 74

lapsi 144a bite JČ 74; WW 79; WV 98a

lepa¥i 144b trunks (pl.) of trees

lhou 147a meaning unknown rel. to war

lw¥j 148a be troublesome WW 81

laf 148b pleasant

lwf 148b be insipid
leifi 148b fish (cyprinus niloticus) JČ 75

la4em 149a trunk, branch, stalk WW 82; WV 101b

laxwj 150a dirt la- (135a) ?

laji 150a latrine (ship)

lajan 151a moisture
laqou 151b meaning unknown implement of torture

9
moue 160a light, brightness JČ 79; WW 87; WV 108a

moui 161a ram JČ 79; WW 88

mbon 161a be angry JČ 80; WW 87 n.8; WV 108b

mbrexi 161a cart

mecaio 161b carthamus, safflower
moki 161b vessel, quiver JČ 80

mouki 161b ladder JČ 80; WW 90; WV 110b

makro 162b trough, mortar JČ 80

miakhs 162b shells, pearl shells WV 109b

maklabi NIC whip WW 90

moulk 165a meaning uncertain

miolwn 165a bitumen WV 109b

moulaj 166b night raven JČ 82; WW 92; WV 112a

moulj 166a embrace WW 92; WV 112a

mamrex 169a 20th lunar station

man 169b a certain JČ 83; WW 94; WV 114b

mnai 174a here, hence, hither (?) JČ 85; WW 96; WV 114a

mnh 174b there, thither JČ 85; WW 94; WV 114a
mankou 176a meaning uncertain Ar. ‫' سلحة‬weapon' (?) or 'dung (?)

manmon 176a orange scalae

monmen 176a shake, be shaken JČ 85; WW 95; WV 116a

mnot 176b breast JČ 86; WW 96; WV 117a
menxh 177b after JČ 86
meran 183a trough, tank JČ 86; WV 120a
merre 183a red (hair)
maures 183a jug, jar JČ 86; WV 120b
mro¥t 184a stink
merwf 184a meaning unknown

10
mro4t 184a pipe-clay JČ 89; WV 121a
mas 184b meaning unknown
mesiw+ 186a womb/birthplace JČ 91: WW 102; WV 122a
mtatx 196a meaning unknown WW 105 n. 4
mtau 196a magic JČ 96: WW 105; WV 125b
m¥ir 206a pot, box (for incense) JČ 97; WW 109; WV 129a
m¥i¥ 207b vengeance JČ 97; WW 109; 129b
me¥¥wt 207b plain, field WV 129b
ma4i 208a Possibly μάχη

ma4oul 208a chisel, pick WW 111

nei 219a time JČ 105; WW 120; WV 141a

nhb 221a lord JČ 106; WW 119; WV 138a

nouker 224a prick, incite JČ 107; WW 122; WV 142a

nemwou 226b having broken eggs ? WW 123 n.3

nhni 227b honeycomb JČ 109; WW 123; WV 143a

noni 227b fall down
nas 228b meaning unkown
nau 235b about WW 129; cf. a- adv.

naui 235b spear JČ 114; WW 130; WV 147b

nauben 235b footstep also F

nwou+ 235b swaddling bands JČ 114; WW 130; WV 148a

nox 241a eyelid WW 134; WV 151a

nexbel 243b wine-skin JČ 118; WW 135; WV 151b

nxour 245a tremble JČ 118; WW 135; WV 152a

osi 257a tamarisk JC WW ; WV 156a

oji 258b iniquity JČ 12; WW 143; WV 156b

pouni 263b anus WW 148

11
permou 269a lunatic WV 163b

petephp 276a hoopoe WW 154; K 169

vw4er 282b bewitch, charm JČ 131; WW 157; WV 167b

ribh 291b rope with belt

rokrek 293a become putrid, scorched JČ 136 (soften)

romsin 297a a plant K 198

rwn 298b rampart

rhse 301b dust Also in A

rita 305b plant K 191

rwtb 305b recline WW 168; WV 179a

ritici 306a Aquarius JČ 138

rw¥ 308a measure JČ 142; WW 170; WV 179b

rwjp 312b be thrown down, sink

soi 318a pillar (?)

swi 318b become hairless (?) WW 179

sbe 321 door JČ 147; WW 175; WV 184a

seben 322b bandage, selvage JČ 148; WW 177; WV 184b

sokmaji 329a long table WW 181; WV 187a

sken 329a side of JČ 150; WW 182; WV 187b

skorker 330a beer WW 182 n.3; WV 187a

seksik 330a sunny place WV 187b

sekex 330a clear out a house JČ 150; WW 183; WV 187b

slh 330a coffin JČ 151; WW 183; WV 187b

sili 330b meaning uncertain

souli 330b veil, covering
swlk 330b cleave, adhere S once

12
salouki 330b fish (petrocephalus) WW 183; K 171; WV 188a

silouki 330b meaning unknown

slatlet 333a slip, stumbling WW 184 ; WV 188a

slifi 333b lung K 78

slij 333b being on edge (nerves)

sambexi 336b testicles WW 186; WV 188b

smour 339b moustache K 76

soms 339b look S rare

smex 342a herb

swnk 344a suck JČ 155; WW 189; WV 191a

snhini 345a irrigation machine JČ 155; WW 189; WV 191a

sanis 345a doubt JČ 156; WW 189; WV 191b

sinaxbi 349a ingredient in boiling JČ 157; WW 191

cauldron
swp 351a kohl stick WW 192; K 257; WV 194a

sir 353b jar Prob. ‫زير‬

sarouki 354b one bald on temples K 72

(sromrem) 356a admonish WW 195

sourot 356b myrobalan K 184

servwt 356b insect (?)

srax 358a example once in S

sesbox 358b place of atonement JČ 163; WW 197; WV 197v

sasel 358b be demented (qual. ?)

si+ 361b seed WW 199; WV 198a

sathout 366b mixed WW 202 n.6

stajoul 367a spider, web JČ 166; WW 202 n.8

swouben 369a grass JČ 167; WV 200a

souhn 369b famous person WW 204a; WV 202a

svran¥ 374a soothsayer JČ 169; WW 193; WV 194b

sayol 374b muzzle JČ 169

13
swf 378b strain (vb) WW 209

swif 378b meaning unknown WW 180

sfw+ 379a meaning unknown

sa4wt 379b treasury (?)
sext 386b leprosy JČ 175; WW 214; WV 206b

saxof 387b having a hare-lip Intr. vb qual.

tebi 396a obol JČ 180; WV 211a

tebi 396a bandage JČ 180

tkour 406a speed JČ 185/195; WW 244; WV 213a

tili 409b fenugreek JČ 186; WW 229; WV 213b

telfi 411b kind of lizard WW 230; WV 214a

temcam 416a mule JČ 188; WV 216a

twn¥ 421a threaten WW 238; WV 217b

tetxo 439b impede, restrain JČ 198; WW 250; WV 223a

touxo 448b add JČ 201; WW 257; WV 225b

tverio 449b drive out, uproot WW 240

t¥mo 453a make small JČ 202; WW 256; WV 225a

t¥ouio 453a make dry JČ 202; WW 256; WV 225a

ti4i 453b crane WW 257

oua 468b blow ?

ouhi 471b indeed WW 268

ouoki 477a dregs of sesame JČ 210; WW 269; WV 231b

oulai 477a polium (plant) JČ 211; WW 270

ouwrp 489a send WW 275; WV 236b

ouris 489b plant JČ 215; WW 275

ousabin 492a fennel WW 277

ouoji 511a twist, bend WW 287

14
 vih 514a sprout, blossom JČ 225; WW 145

vel 514a bean JČ 225; WW 146; WV 244a

vwnk NIC excavate WV 214a

vwnx 514b turn, be turned WW 149 cf. pwwne5

vwnj 515a overthrow, destroy JČ 225; WW 149 cf. pwlq and pwrj

vorper 515b open, loosen JČ 225; WW 152

vors 515b break up (?) JČ 225; WW 152

vasves 515b wiles JČ 225

vwsem 515b meaning unknown

ve4 515b melon
vw4i 515b shark
vw4en 515b covering, roofing-planks WW 157; WV 245b

vwji 515b fish

yakkamau 516b small night owl JČ 226; WW 59; WV 246a

yelmi 516b meaning unknown JČ 226; WV 246a

ylomlem 516b crown JČ 226; WV

yelyaywf 516b abcess, tumour cf.kelkoule ? WW 61

yansrwf 516b name of a field pest (?)

ywr 516b destroy WV 246b

yhre 516b ploughshare

yareb 516b lowly, abused JČ 226; WV 246b

yrobi 516b sickle JČ 226; WW 67; WV 246b

yarouki 517a lizard WV 247a

yrim 517a desert edge Cf. rim (jajrim)

yrwouni 517a zizyphus

yeryem 517a disease (?)

5
The pharaonic ancestor of this word ended in an ayin. In a 12th cent. Arabic text written in Coptic letters x is
regularly used to reproduce the ayin, which always appears above the Coptic letter cf. P. Casanova 'Un texte arabe
transcrit en caractères coptes' BIFAO 1 (1901) pp. 1-20

15
yro¥ 517a slap
yrw¥ 517a wrinkle JČ 226; WV 247b

yarwji 517a mallet K 130; WV 247b

yos 517b vomiting, belching JČ 226; WV 247b

yathr 517b compass (for measuring)

youain 517b marble P 43

ywouni 517b other See CD 91b ke III

yift 517b pulicaria (plant) K 197

wl 520a (II) take, lay hold of, gather JČ 228; WW 291; WV 249a

wli 522a striking, blow K 162

wreb 529a detest, abominate JČ 229

wrban 529a box tree K 175

wou 533a be long (in compounds) JČ 230; WW 296

w¥i 535a sky JČ 231; WW 296; WV 251b

w¥+ 535b drag, crawl WW 297 n.1

w4t 536b drip, trickle JČ 232; WW 298; WV 252b

¥hi 547b temples (pl.) WW 306; WV 259a

¥wi 550a above JČ 236; WW 306

¥wi 550b genital organs WW 306; WV 259a

¥bin 553a grain JČ 237; WW 305; WV 257a

¥bin 553a part of sheep's intestine rel. to above ?

¥ib+ 553b change (intr. vb) WW 305 n.1; WV 258a

¥wbt 554a change (intr. vb) WV 258a

¥eboi¥ 554b term of abuse

¥ob¥eb 554b sharpen JČ 238; WW 305; WV 258a

¥acwl 555a ichneumon JČ238; WW 331; WV 258b

¥cex 555a street JČ 238; WW 333; WV 271b

16
¥kw+ 557a weaver's implement K 126

¥ok¥ek 557a dig, pick, hollow WV 259b

¥ok¥ek 557a hiss

¥lol 559b people WV 260a

¥wlem 560a meaning unknown

¥lemlem 560a breed (intr. vb)
¥wlpi 560b warp WW 311

¥olxs 562b corpse

¥emhr 567a leaven JČ 245; WW 315; WV 264b

¥ounis 572a black cumin WV 266b

¥entwli 573b unbeached cloth K 122

¥enths 573b louse's egg

¥nau 573b market JČ 247; WW 319; WV 267b

¥nouf 574a meaning uncertain

(¥wnx) 574b deprive
¥a(i)ri 584a Red Sea (Exod. 10, 19) JČ 251 (Syrian Sea); WW 324 (Raging Sea)

¥hri 585b bread JČ 251; WW 325; WV 269b

¥arke 586b drought, lack of water JČ 252; WW 326; WV 270a

¥er¥i 588b hilarity, mockery WW 327; WV 270b

¥wr¥i 589a wrinkle, furrow JČ 252; WW 327; WV 270b

¥top 597b quickly WW 327; WV 272b

¥otrf 598b falcon
¥ta+ 598b edge, border of garment JČ 256; WW 333; WV 273b

¥au 601a male cat WW 334 n.9

¥ou¥ht 603b herb eaten by sheep JČ 259; WW 338

¥ou¥its 603b whistling, hissing WW 339

¥oi¥ 605a meaning unknown qual. form

¥i¥em 608a phantom. shadow JČ 260; WW 337

¥w¥en 608a lily JČ 260; WW 338

¥a¥ni 608a reach, obtain JČ 260; WW 338

17
¥¥hou 609a coriander JČ 261; WW 338; WV 274a

¥¥wou 609a desire (nn) WW 338; WV 276a

¥hfi 610b be used, consumed (?)

¥fw 611a grave
¥afouri 611a tilapia nilotica, bulti WV 277a

¥axl 612b sort of fuel JČ 262; WW 341; WV 277b

¥ax¥ex 612b be harsh, rough JČ 263

¥jhi 615a common gossip WW 342; WV 278a

¥jap 617b slap K 162

¥qnhn 618b strive, contend JČ 264; WW 343; WV 278a

foukasi 623b fish JČ 265; WW 345; WV 280a

fikoxi 623b weaver's tool

forfer 624a fall, rush down JČ 266; WV 280a

fwsi 624a chisel, knife JČ 266; WV 281a

fw+a 625a hind part of body K 78 Coptic ?

fwts 625a uncertain 'be broad' ? WV 281a

4a 629a particle of apposition WW 347; WV 282a

4a 629b heel, mark of heel (?) WW 348; WV 282b

4ai 630a nitre

4ai 630a breath of nose WW 357

4ai 630a ship's pole, boat hook WW 357

4e 630a weft
4hi 630a sun JČ 267; WW 357; WV 282b

4ellot 630a ravine, wady JČ 267; WW 311; WV 282b

4ems 630b title

4om4em 630b be crushed JČ 268; WW 374; WV 283a

4eni 630b quarrel JČ 268; WW 376; WV 283a

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4wr 631a destroy JČ 268; WW 385; WV 283a

4airi 631a serpent

4orps 631a handful
4ort 631a madman
4ro+ 631a child JČ 268; WW 388; WV 283a

4rw+ 631b jugular veins JČ 268; WV 283b

4ws 631b meaning uncertain WW 392

4wt 631b meaning uncertain

4wt 631b cloth, change of clothing
4a4 631b neck JČ 268; WW 406; WV 283b

4hm 677b heat WV 283b

4w4 631b tighten, strengthen WW 407

xh 640a back, hind part JČ 270; WW 349; WV 285a

xioi 646b discuss, dispute WW 358; WV 291a

xoi 651a heap of grain JČ 273

xoi 651a bellows

xoklef 664a camel saddle WW 362; WV 294b

xwl 665b go JČ 278; WW 364; WV 296a

xalai 666b fly WW 365; WV 296a

xeli 667a fear JČ 278; WW 363; WV 296a

xli 667b something, nothing, nobody WW 295a

xolki 668b catapult WW 365 n. 8; WV 297a

xilakmi 668b blear-eyed peron

xlol 668b darkness JČ 279; WW 366; WV 297b

xloul 669a meaning uncertain WW 366

xwlem 670a seize WW 367 n.4

xalmh 670b meaning unknown same as next ?

xalmi 670b slime, dung WV 298a

xwlf 672a hastily

19
xelxel 672a swim, float JČ 280; WW 368; WV 298b

xliji 672b diarrhoea K 160 Ar. ‫ ;اسهال‬WV 298b

xom 674a shoemaker JČ 281; WW 371; WV 299b

xom 674a hammer WW 371; WV 300a

xhmi 676a dower of divorced wife JČ 282; WW 371

xmh 676b pelican JČ 283; WW 370

xnau 693a flowering branch of palm

xonxen 693a bid JČ 289; WW 381; WV 306a

xwp 696a horn JČ 290; WW 382; WV 307a

xir 697a meaning doubtful WW 384

xra= 698a be fitting WV 307a

xrim 703a artemisia (plant) K 192

xwrt 704a seize JČ 294; WW 388

xortf 704b phantasm WW 388

xrour 705b cease, be quiet JČ 295; WW 388

xwr¥ 706a run ship aground JČ 295

xaraj 708b branches

xw+ 722b necessity JČ 300; WW 397; WV 315b

xwtf 728a nail (vb) JČ 303

xfour 741a young fish K 170 Ar. ‫زقزوق‬

xax 742a adj. in 'Red Sea' WV 320a

xwj 742b cold JČ 307; WW 408; WV 320b

jai 745b meaning doubtful WW 414

jo 753b crook-back JČ 309; WW 412

jwi 758b earthern basin WW 415

jwbs 760b bend, bow

jabjib 760b small (in stature) JČ 311; WW 414; WV 324b

jko 763a sell, trade, spend

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joksi 765a 'crepitus ventris' JČ 312; WW 418; WV 325b

joukx 765a prick, bite JČ 312; WW 418

jal 765b branch JČ 312; WW 418; WV 325b

jol 765b wave JČ 312; WW 418; WV 325b

joul 765b fragment JČ 312; WW 418

jwl 765b honeycomb

jeli 766a net WW 418

jolbi 766b baker's wooden shovel K 132

jalim 768a chickens K 169

jwlx 769b swathe, clothe, cover WW 421

jom 770b cauldron, basin WW 422

jimvex 771b blight JČ 315; WW 423; WV 327b

janh 773b hoe

jano 773b basket JČ 315; WW 425

jenx 777b garment

janhxi 777b meaning doubtful JČ 317; WW 428 n.2; WV 329a

jwnj 777b colocynth

janiji 777b palm-fibre (rope-making) K 138

jop 778a be hard

japi 778a stray, swerve (?)
jepi 778a chip. slice, WW 429; WV 329b

jhri 781a dirt WW 423; WV 331a

jwreb 785a cut open (?) JČ 319; WW 432

jorbes 785b small vessel K 150 Ar. ‫ صاغرة‬var. ‫جرة‬

jarampo 786a plant with edible leaves WW 433; WV 331b

jhs 787b vb qual. Perhaps miswriting of efyh ? Quotation

accurate?

jwt 791a pillar

jwou 793b generation JČ 321

jvi 795a meaning doubtful: swear ? WW 429; WV 329b; P 54 aijvi nwten=‫يحيتكم‬

21
jvot 795a bipartite part of body JČ 322; WW 430; WV 330a

javoui 795a spine K 77

jaf 795b disease (?) WW 439

jhf 795b be of kin WW 439

jwfi 796b fenugreek

jajw 800a sort of fuel WW 442

(ref)jiji 800a brigand WW 442

jaqe 800b bent, maimed JČ 324; WW 444 ; WV 334b

jaqh 800b left hand WW 444; WV 334b

qh 803a quince K 178

qih 803a border WW 445

qabwt 806a method of cleaning sheep

qiks 806a spindle (?)
qlh 810a scorpion JČ 327; WW 449; WV 337a

qlo 810a surround, besiege WW 449

qloi 810b ball JČ 327; WV 338a

qlwbi 810b scissors JČ 328

qalouks 810b scarab beetle WV 338a; K 172

qlam 811a kindle WW 452; WV 338b

qwlp 812b create WW 453 n.5

qwlp 812b faggot (used as raft) WW 453 n.6

qwlp 813a projecting roof WW 453 n.7; WV 339a

qlap 813a mass, lump WV 339a

qlwou¥ 813b maimed, paralysed person JČ 329; WV 339b

qaloj 814a foot, knee WW 454; WV 340a

qime 818a take pleasure WW 455

qno 821a be hard WV 341b

qnon 821b bend, bow JČ 332; WW 459

22
qnouf 824a heavy object JČ 333; WW 460; WV 343a

qips 827a wrinkle WW 463

qre 828a ladle WW 464

qrw 828a dew, fine rain WW 464

qrwp 829a oven

qreprep 829a meaning uncertain WW 465

qrhxi 830a rawness (fruit) WV 347a

qws 832b fart (flatus ventri) K 161

qiw+ 833a tip of scorpion's tail JČ 338; WW 448; WV 337a

qwts 834a bend, lower S qual.

qhou 835a coriander WW 470

qou 835a ingredient in poison WW 445

qafh 839b desert WW 445

qex 839b be exalted WW 472; WV 349a

qoji 839b run JČ 340; WW 473

23