Objectives Upon completion ofthis course vou should be abieto: + Eiplain the difrance betvean conductors and inculatars + Use Ohm's law to calculate current, vollage, and resistance + Caloulate equivalent resistances for series, parallel, or combinstion circuits + Caleulate valtage crops across resistors + Calculate power, given cther basic values + dent factors that determine the stenath and polarity of the magnetic feld of ¢ coll carrying current + Determine peak, instantaneous, and ofective values of an AC sine wave + Identity factors that afectinductive and capacitive reactance in an AC citcuit + Caloulate total impedance of AC clrcuts + Explain the difference between real power and apparentpawer in an AC circuit Elements of an Atom Understanding electricity beains wih the fundamental bulding alock of matter, the atarn. The nucleus of an atom fs mada up of protons and neurons. Protons have a postive charge, nations are nautal Electrons tht the nuclaus and haves neystivecharye. (Only protons and electrcns ara shown in the illustration. The blue bed? ofthe nucleus rapresents neuirans.:Free Electrons Elections in the outer shell can be treed of their orbits by an external foe such 4s a magnetic fei, thction, or Cherrical ation. They are then called"Fee elections The mction of hese free alectons is tha asis oF lactic, Conductors 4 elect urrantis nroduozd when tee elestons move om one atom tothe next Matera tht ptmit many elections fo move freely are caled conductors. Good Conductors: Copper Siner Avurinum ze Brass Iron —-Insulators Matatials that allow few elactrons to foware called ineuiatars, Plastic Rubber Glass mica Ceramic Conductors and Insulators Working Together Many electrical devices, such as cable, ate combinations of conductors and insulators. The insulation around a cable's conductor permis currentflow onlyin the conductor Rubber Copper Isulator_cotitictar