khpg L$ep£ L°$ `\fu kpdpfie fu[° ifufdp¨ L$ep¨ L$ep¨ \pe R>° ?

S>hpb l[p° : qL$X$_u

X\SF VG[ ;DFWFG [\p d|”piedp¨. d¢ `|R>ey¨ : d|” dpNÆdp¨ ? S>hpb : –ep¨ `\fu \[u _\u. lh° ifuf
fQ_p Ap^pqf[ QQpÆ L$f[p d¢ S>ZpÏey¨ L°$ d|” dpNÆdp¨ d|”_p ‚hpldp¨ S>° h°N A_°
]$bpZ lp°e R>° [° d|”piedp¨ [°dS> qL$X$_udp¨ lp°e R>° ? S>hpb l[p° : _p ! –ep¨ [p° V$u`°
V$u`° d|” Aph° R>° A_° ApNm h^° R>°. S>ep¨ L$p°B ]$bpZ L°$ h°N lp°[p° _\u [°dS>
d|”piedp¨ `Z V$u`° V$u`° d|” S>dp \pe R>°. [°dp¨`Z A°hp° ‚hpl, ]$bpZ L°$ h°N lp°[p°
_\u S>°hp° d|” dpNÆdp¨ lp°e R>°. Ap\u d¢ L$¸y¨ L°$ [p° `R>u ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ S>ep¨ h°N L°$ ]$bpZ
:: g°ML$ :: R>° –ep¨ [p° `\fu \[u S> _\u A_° S>ep¨ `\fu \pe R>° –ep¨ `pZu Ap°Ry>¨ `uAp° L°$ h^y
[°_u Akf S> _\u L$pfZ L°$ –ep¨ [p° _\u h°Nugp° ‚hpl L°$ _\u ]$bpZ. [°Ap° M°g]$ug
bu. hu. Qp•lpZ A_° ıhuL©$r[_p ıhcphhpmp l[p S>°\u [°dZ° dpfu hp[ ıhuL$pfu gu^u.
Ap [pqLÆ$L$ ]$gugp° \B. `f¨[y dpfp° `p°[p_p° [°dS> dpfp k¨`LÆ$dp¨ Aph_pf
[dpd_p° A_ych L$l° R>° L°$ [°Ap°_u `pZu_u S>Í$fuep[ S> hjp£\u OV$u NB R>°. R>[p¨
[°d_° `\fu \B _\u. Ap\u rhi°j iu kprbr[ ≈°BA° ? Apd R>[p¨ `pZu Ap°Ry>¨
qL$≠$d[ 100/- `uhy¨ [°hy¨ [p° Ap`Z° L$l°[p S> _\u. Mp°V$p øepgp°\u `uhp[y¨ h^y `X$[y¨ `pZu _yL$kp_
L$f° R>°. S>°\u S>°V$gy¨ S>Í$f lp°e [°V$gy¨ S> - `epÆ· dp”pdp¨ - `pZu `uhy¨ ≈°BA°.
`\fu_p¨ ]$]$wAp° `pZu S> b¨^ L$f° R>°. cpΔ-`p_ Mpe R>° [°d_u `\fu
_uL$mu ≈e R>°. afu \[u _\u.

i¨L$p : 7
D_pmpdp¨ b`p°f ky^u `pZu hNf L°$d fl°hpe ? dykpafudp¨ L°$ ipqffuL$ Ód
L$f_pf [°dS h^y bp°g_pf (L$$\pLpf,qinL,NpeL, hN°f°) b`p°f ky^u `pZu hNf iu
fu[° flu iL°$ ?
kdp^p_ :-
ApNm Ap`Z° ≈°ey¨ [°d `pZu_u S>Í$fuep[ Mp°fpL$_p ‚L$pf `f dyøe–h°
Ap^pqf[ R>°. fp¨^°g `pZu h^y dpNi°. [°dp¨ `Z A_pS>-L$W$p°meyL$[ cp°S>_ S>°d L°$
bpS>fp_p fp°V$gp, cΔep, Np¨W$uep, gpX$hp hN°f° `pZu h^y dpNi°. S>epf° L$pQp°
o ÝFl%T :YFG o Mp°fpL$ My]$ `pZu\u cf`yf R>° S>°\u [° `pZu _ dpN[p¨ DgV$p_y¨ ifuf_° `pZu
zL ;TLQFEF. H[P WM/lSIF `|fy¨ `pX$i°. ÷pn, [X$b|Q, k¨[fp, dp°k¨bu, V°$V$u, L°$fu, V$d°V$p, d|mp, NpS>f, `pgM,
VDZ[,LP L$p°buS>, buV$, ]|$^u, NgL$p, [|fuep hN°f° [dpd ipL$, cpΔ, am `pZu\u cf`|f
DMP )$_(( $(5_! lp°e R>°. S>°\u h^pfp_p `pZu_u [p° S>Í$f S> _\u `X$[u. DgV$p_y¨ fp”° S>° fp¨^°g
E-mail : satishoffset1@gmail.com
S-1

Aplpf MpBA° R>uA° [°_u `pZu_u S>Í$fuep[ `Z L$pQp° Aplpf `|fu L$f° R>°.
1 32
  X$pμL$V$kÆ
L$V$kÆ_p Arc‚pep°
X$pμ. P JLPH[P;]ZÔ
(bp¨V$hp, rS>. S|>_pNY$)
Ap]$f kp\° `fd ı_°lu rh L$ÎepZu ıh A_yc|r[\u bu≈_° A_ych
L$fph_pf Óu bu hu. Qp•lpZ kpl°b [\p h¨]$_ue kfp°S>b°_.
bp¨V$hp\u gu. X$pμ. . hu. S>°. kyf°≈ [\p hr_[pb°_ hu. kyf°≈_p _dıL$pf -
d^yf ı_°l k¨`fi_ ep]$.
Ap`_u (1) _hu cp°S>_‚\p, (2) _hu rhQpf^pfp, (3) fp°N `f gM°g
`ysı[L$pAp°_p AÊepk\u M|b S> ‚cprh[ \ep° Ry>¨ [°_y¨ iÂ]$p°dp¨ hZÆ_ L$fhy¨ iL$e
_\u. Ap`° kpdpfie dpZk_° kd≈e [°hu kfm - kQp°V$ ‚cphipmu cpjpdp¨
fS|>Ap[ L$f°g R>°. Mf°Mf Sy>_u ‚Qgu[ dpfie[pAp° rhop_ A_° ^prdÆL$ dpfie[p\u
rhÍ$Ÿ_u fSy>Ap[ `Z Ap`° M|b S> duW$u cpjpdp¨ kQp°V$ - AkfL$pfL$ fu[° L$l°g R>°
[° b]$g ^fiehp]$. [° Ap`_u [`ıep A_° Ly$]$f[u isº[_y¨ am R>°. _hpB_u hp[ A° R>°
L°$, kNp¨-k¨b¨^u X$p∑L$V$f-rd”p°_° S>°d_° Ap b|L$p° Ap`°g R>° [°Ap°A° [f[ Adghpfu
L$fu R>° A_° b^p¨ ‚cprh[ \ep R>° A_° ape]$p `Z \ep R>°. A°L°$ A°L$ hpL$edp¨ rlfp[|Îe
op_ kdpe°gy¨ R>°.
`|ZÆ kd≈C Ney¨ R>° L°$
- ]$hpAp°\u fpl[ R>°, fp°N _pi _rl.
- cp°S>_\u hS>_ h^° R>°, isº[ _rl.
- ^_ kpdp_ Mfu]$hp_y¨ kp^_ R>°, Ap_≠] _rl
- `yı[L$p°dp¨ dprl[u R>°, op_ _rl
- k¨b¨^uAp° ‚–e° L$[ÆÏe R>°, A`_–h _rl.
- cNhp_ isº[, Ap_¨]$ A_° ‚°d_p° c¨X$pf R>°.
Adpfp A_ych_u hp[ L$ͨ$ [p° hjp£ Sy>_u A°rkX$uV$u dp” Qpf q]$hkdp¨
Npeb \C NC. [°dS> Np°W$Z_p ]y$:Mphp (khpÆCL$g ı`p°fiX$ugukuk) `Z dV$u Ne°g
R>°. hS>_dp¨ OV$pX$p° \ep°, ifufdp¨ [pS>Nu - ıazr[Æ_p° A_ych \pe R>°.
ifufdp¨ ıhpı’e L$f[p¨ rhi°j Bsfi÷ep°dp¨ isº[, d_dp¨ Ap_¨]$ byqŸdp¨ op_
A_° Alddp¨ ‚°d_u ‚pr‡[ \C R>°. [°dS> Ap›eps–dL$ n°”° lfZapm ‚Nr[ \C R>°.
2 31
`epÆ· dp”p ]y$r_epdp¨ L$p°B _Ω$u L$fu iL°$ [°d R>° S> _lv. A°L$ S> Ïesº[_u
`pZu_u S>Í$fuep[ lf l¨d°i A°L$ kfMu lp°B iL°$ _lv. ipfuqfL$ Ód, cp°S>_, JO,
hp[phfZ, F>[y S>°hp A_°L$ `qfbmp° `pZu_u S>Í$fuep[ _Ω$u L$f[p lp°e R>°. S>°\u
L$p°B Qp°Ω$k dp`]¨$X$ L$p°B A°L$ S> Ïesº[ dpV°$ Ap`u iL$pe _lv. [p° `R>u `|fp rh_p¨
gp°L$p° dpV°$ L$B fu[° _Ω$u L$fu iL$pe ? R>[p¨e S>° _Ω$u L$f° R>° [°_° Ap`Z° iy¨ L$l°hy¨ ?
cNhp_° Qp°epÆku gpM ep°_u b_phu R>° [°dp¨ L$p°_p dpV°$ Aphp dp`]¨$X$p° _Ω$u
\ep R>° ? A_° L$p°Z [°_y¨ `pg_ L$f° R>° ? dp_h≈[ `p°[p_° M|b S> byqŸipmu dp_° R>°
(≈° L°$ lL$uL$[° cNhp_° [°_° rhi°j byqŸ Ap`u `Z R>° S>) S>°\u [° cNhp_\u `Z
D`fhV$ S>B_° `p°[p_u byqŸ_y¨ ]°$hpmy a}¨L$u_° by¬^y b_u f¸p° R>°. ‚L©$r[dp¨ ‚cy
‚°fu[ [dpd L$pep£ e\pep°¡e \B f¸p R>°. Ap`œ¨ ifuf `Z cNhp_° S> b_pÏey¨ R>°
A_° [° S> Qgph° R>°. [p° `R>u [°_p L$peÆdp¨ X$Mg L$fhu [° L$ey¨ X$lp`Z_y¨ L°$ bys¬^d—p_y¨
L$pd R>° ?
_ftkl dl°[pA° L$¸y¨ R>° L°$ -
lz¨ L$ͨ$ lz¨ L$ͨ$ A° S> Aop_[p,
iL$V$_p° cpf S>°d p_ [pZ°....
Aop_[p ]|$f L$fuA°. kpQy¨ op_ ‚p· L$fuA°. NpX$p _uQ°_p L|$[fp_u S>°d Mp°V$p°
(Apcpku) cpf D`pX$u_° lp\° L$fu_° l°fp_ _ \BA°.
`pZu_u `epÆ· dp”p _Ω$u L$f_pf Ap`Z° L$p°Z ? R>p°X$u ]$p° b^y¨ S> cNhp_
`f. L$iy¨ S> _ L$fp°. S>° \pe [° \hp ]$p°. `epÆ· dp”p Ap`p°Ap` _Ω$u \B S>i°.
i≠Lp : 6
Ap°Ry>¨ `pZu `uhp\u `\fu \pe R>° [°hy¨ lz¨ dp_y¨ Ry>¨. [dpfp° iy¨ Arc‚pe R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
Aphp° khpg A°L$ X$p∑L$V$f° `|R>°g –epf° d¢ hm[p° khpg L$ep£ L°$ `\fu \hp
`pR>m_y¨ L$pfZ Ap` iy¨ dp_p° R>p°? [°d_p° S>hpb l[p° : "`pZu'. `pZudp¨ fl°g npf
≈dhp\u `\fu \pe R>°. S>°\u d¢ afu `|R>ey¨ : [p° [p° `R>u A°hy¨ _ b_° L°$ h^y `pZu
`uhp\u h^y npf ifufdp¨ ≈e A_° `qfZpd° h^y `\fu \pe A_° Ap°Ry>¨ `pZu
`uhp\u Ap°R>u `\fu \pe ? nZcf [p° [°Ap° T¨Mhpep `Z [yf[ S> ıhı\[p
d°mhu_° `p°[p_u dpfie[p_p kd\Æ_dp¨ OZu OZu ]$gugp° ApNm ^fu. S>°dp¨_u dyøe
l[u L°$ JW] 5F6L 5LJFYL JW] 5[XFA YFI K[ H[ NAF65}J"S ACFZ GLS/JFYL
T[GL ;FY[npf `Z blpf _uL$mu ≈e R>°. Ap\u `\fu b¨^p[u _\u. Ap\u d¢ ApNm
R>uA°. S>°\u [°_p\u ]|$f fl°hp_u L$p°rij L$fuA° R>uA°. S>epf° `pZu_° Ap`Z° VF{QFlW
G DFGTF lGNM"QF DFGLV[ KLV[P H[YL T[GL 8[J 50L HFI TM 56 VF56G[ JF\WM
GYLP CSLST[ 5F6L TM lGNM"QF H K[ 5Z\T] T[GM JW] 50TM p5IMU G]SXFGSFZS
K[P H[ VG[S ,MSMGF VG]EJM VFU/ X\SFv# GF ;DFWFGDF\ H6FJ[, K[P
V[8,] H GCL 56 T[JL ;DHYL ,[JFT] JW] 50T] 5F6L A\W SZJFYL B]NGM4
DFZL 5ltGGM4 DFZF ;\5S"DF\ VFJGFZ CHFZM ,MSMGM VG]EJ K[v VFYL C]\ SC]\
K]\ S[ ccE|D EF\UM S|F\lT ,FJMcc TD[ DFZL JFT VF\W/]SLIF DFGL G ,M 56
lJJ[S A]lwW5}J"S 5|IMU TM SZMP 5|IMU H 5lZ6FD ATFJL VF5X[ S[4 ;FR]\ X]\
K[ m H[YL E|D VF5MVF5 EF\UL HX[[PPPPAFSL TM 5F6L 5L G[ XZLZ ;FO
ZFBJFYL AS~ SF-TF p\8 5[;F0JF H[JL JFT K[ VYJF TM VF56G[ 5Z[XFG
SZGFZ SM. U]\0FYL ARJF DM8M U]\0M EF0[ ZFBJF H[JL JFT K[P cc D[ZL lA<,L
D]H;[ CL dIF\pcc SC[JT H[JL VF56L NXF YFI K[P 5F6L 5L G[ VF0STZL ZLT[
5[8 ;FO SZJF SZTF V[GLDFGF ;FWGYL ;FNF 5F6LYL ;LWL H ;OF. JW]
;FZL K[P
X\SF o 5
5F6L GL cc 5IF"%T DF+Fcc XL ZLT[ GSSL YFI m
;DFWFG o
c5IF"%T DF+Fc V[8,[ S[4 H~ZL CMI T[8,] H cGCL\ JWFZ[ S[ GCL VMK]\c
V\U|[ÒDF\ T[GF DF8[ Adequate sV[0LSJ[8f XaN 5|IMHFI[,M K[P H[GM VY"
K[ cIMuIc q cH~Z H[8,]cP :JFEFlJS H K[ S[4 IMuI DF+F GSSL XL ZLT[
SZJL m T[GM DF5N\0 X]\ m AF/S DF8[ S[8,] 5F6L IMuI m I]JFG DF8[ G[ J'wW
DF8[ m :+L DF8[ T[DH 5]~QF DF8[ m zlDS DF8[ T[DH A[9F0] DF8[ m lXIF/FDF\4
pGF/FDF\4 RMDF;FDF\ m ZMlUQ8 DF8[ lGZMUL DF8[ m VFD VF ;JF,MGM HJFA
B]A H V858M VG[ V3ZM AGL HFI K[P D[0LS, ;FIg;DF\ DF5N\0 V5FI[,
K[ S[4 VMKFDF\ VMK] VD]S DF+FDF\ TM D]+F s5[XFAf lGS/J] H HM.V[P
VFJF DF5N\0MG[ VFWFZ[ WHO (hÎXÆ$ l°Î\ Ap°N£_pBT°i_) A° `Z `pZu_u
Ap°R>pdp¨ Ap°R>u S>Í$fuep[ _Ω$u L$f°g R>°.
30
D`hpk - –epN - D`hpk_y¨ am - D`hpk_u kpQu fu[_u kpQu kdS>\u
d¢ tS>]$Nudp¨ L$epf°e D`hpk L$f°g _rl, `Z lh° [°_u Adghpfu klS> gpN° R>°.
[°_p\u ifufdp¨ ıazr[Æ_p° A_ych \pe R>°.
""]$p_ _lv k°hp'' k°hp_p° rkŸp¨[ ]°$hpdp¨ cph_y¨ dl–h kd≈[p¨
10% Bqfe k°hpdp¨ L$pY$[p d_dp¨ ‚kfi_[p, ip¨r[, Ap›eps–dL$ rhL$pk_u
A_yc|r[ \pe R>°.
""Δh_ isº['' _u kdS> dm[p¨ øepg ApÏep° R>° L°$, Δh_u isº[_p° Ïee
rhep°N_y¨ ]y$:M, ^©Zp, Al¨L$pf, æ$p°^, ce, B√R>p, Apksº[ A_° Ar^L$pf ‹pfp,
cp°S>__p `pQ_ - `p°jZ A_° dm r_L$pk ‹pfp - L$d£sfi÷ep° ‹pfp A_° ipfuqfL$ Ód
‹pfp \pe R>°. kdS>\u b^p¨ kp\°_u hl°hpf_u ◊rÙ$ b]$gp[p ‚°d`|ZÆ- r_:ıhp\Æ
r_rd— cph\u khÆdp¨ ‚cy_p ]$iÆ__p cph\u Δh_u isº[_p° Ïee OV$u Nep_p°
A_ych \pe R>°. [°dS> Δh_u isº[ NpY$ KO A_° ›ep_ ‹pfp \pe R>°. Ap kdS>\u
KO ‚dpZkf L$f[p [°dS> kde dm[p¨ ›ep_ L$fu isº[ k¨Qe L$fu gJ Ry>¨. ApMp°
q]$hk ıazr[Æ, [pS>Nu, Dd¨N, D–kpl_p° A_ych \pe R>°.
]$p.[. dykpafu ]$fÁep_ `Z ›ep_ L$fhp\u \pL$_° b]$g° ıazr[Æ_p° A_ych
\pe R>°. ›ep_ rhop__u kdS> Myghp\u ›ep_ klS> \B Ne°g R>°.
b^p¨ ]y$:Mp°_y¨ L$pfZ ifufdp¨ fl°gp° dm R>° [° kdS>\u _hu cp°S>_‚\p
Adghpfu A_° D`hpk klS> Adgdp¨ Aphu Nep R>°. [°dS> A°r_dp_p° D`ep°N
`Z kfm R>°. ‚dpZkf `pZu\u qL$X$_u dpfa[° dm L$pY$hpdp¨ d]$]$Í$` \hpe R>°.
[°dS> ‚pZpepd, gp¨bp pk dpfa[° `Z ifuf_p° dm r_L$m[p¨ `Z ıazr[Æ_p° A_ych
\pe R>°.
afu\u Ap`° Ap`_p A_ycheyL$[ fpdQqf[ dp_k Ap^pqf[ S>° _hu
cp°S>_‚\p - _hu rhQpf^pfp - _hy¨ S> op_ Ap‡ey¨ R>° [° b]$g [°dS> ArMg°iΔ_p°
`qfQe L$fpÏep° [°dS> Í$bÍ$ [\p rirbfp° ‹pfp op_ Adp°_° Ap`°g R>° [° b]$g Adp°
Ap`_p ld°ip¨ F>Zu fl°iy¨.
Ap` S>°hp rhQpfhp_ - rh‹p_ - fpd]°$hΔ dlpfpS> S>°hp ep°NuAp°,
ArMg°iΔ S>°hp k¨[p° [°dS> b∞˚pLy$dpfu fpS>ep°N d°X$uV°$i_ - [°dS> Sy>_u k¨ıL©$r[_°
Δh¨[ L$f_pf kp• ]°$i‚°duAp°_p krlepfp `yÍ$jp\Æ\u gp°L$p°_p ifuf ‹pfp d_, byqŸ,
rQ—, Al¨L$pf A_° Ap–dp_y¨ iyq‹L$fZ \i°. hl°hpfp° b]$gpB S>i°. gp°L$p°dp¨ _d∞[p,
^•eÆ[p A¨[fdyM[p, lrjÆ[dyM[p, r_cÆe[p, kl_iug[p, `rh”[p S>°hp NzzZp°
3
Mugu EW$i°. cpf[ A°L$ V|¨$L$p kdedp¨ ıhNÆkdp_ b_i° A_° rh_° dpNÆ]$iÆL$
kprb[ \i°.
afu\u Ap`_° ^fiehp]$ [°dS> Ap` ıhL$ÎepZ - rh-L$ÎepZ L$pddp¨
gpN°gp R>p° [°dp¨ kam[p dm[u fl° [°dS> q]$_ - ‚r[q]$_ Ap`_u Ap›eps–dL$ Dfi_r[
\[u fl° A°hu A¨[L$fZ `|hÆL$ Bf_° ‚p\Æ_p kl iyc°√R>p...
gu. X$pμ. hu. S>°. kyf°≈ (M.B.B.S.)
hr_[pb°_ hu. kyf°≈
ap°_ : (02874) 241412 , 241437 dp°. 98797 17610
`fd `|ƒe
Óu bu. hu. Qp•lpZ [\p kfp°S>b°_
‚Zpd...
≈d_Nf\u gu. X$pμ. ]$iÆ_ hu. kyf°≈_p _dıL$pf. (h¨]$_)
Ap`_u bp¨V$hp_u A°L$ q]$hk_u riqbf A°V°$fiX$ L$fhp_p° AdyÎe Ahkf
dm°g. Ap`_u ""_hu cp°S>_ ‚\p'' _p AÊepk\u M|b S> ‚cprh[ \ep° Ry>¨. A°L$
kpdpfie dpZk kdΔ iL°$ [°hu kfm A_° ‚cpqhL$ i•gudp¨ fSy>Ap[ L$f°g R>° [°
b]$g ^fiehp]$...
Ap`_u _hu rhQpf^pfp `Z - "D`hpk', "]$p_ _rl k°hp' A° `Z M|b S>
‚i¨kr_e R>°. Ap`_u Ap cp°S>_‚\p_u Adghpfu Adpf° dpV°$ M|b S> D`ep°Nu
kprb[ \e°g R>°.
d° X $ u L$ g L° $ Á `k_p Np¨ W $ u ep A_° Qp R| > V$ u Nep R>° . [° d S> b`p° f _p
cp°S>_dp¨ L$pQy¨ klS[p\u dmu iL°$ R>°. Ap_p\u dpfp ifufdp¨ ıazr[Æ - [pS>Nu_p°
A_ych \pe R>°.
lz¨ ˜u-fp°N rhcpN_p Bfhu_ lp°sı`V$g, ≈d_Nfdp¨ Npe_°L$ X$pLμ $V$f [fuL°$
AÊepk L$ͨ$ Ry>¨. Ap`° gM°g "˜u fp°N' byL$p° `Z ]$f]$uAp°_° Ap`u k°hp L$ͨ$ Ry>¨. [°d_°
`Z ape]$p \ep¨ R>°. bp¨V$hp\u dÁdu-`‡`p `Z Ap`_u M|b S> ‚i¨kp L$f[p lp°e R>°
A_° [°Ap°A° `Z _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p A`_phu R>°.
gu. X$pμ. ]$iÆ_cpB hu. kyf°≈ (Npe_°L$)
d°X$uL$g L°$Á`k - ≈d_Nf dp°. _¨. 99255 07375
dp__ue hX$ug dyfÂbuÓu,
bu. hu. Qp•lpZ kpl°b [\p kfp°S>b°_
fpS>L$p°V$\u gu. X$pμ. apÎNy_ub°_ Δ. _¨]$pkZp_p ı_°l ‚Zpd...
4 29
Qp°\y¨ - Mf°Mf ≈°BA° [p° dp_h ifufdp¨ kapB `pZu\u \[u S> _\u.
`pZu [p° Mp°fpL$ R>°. Nu[pΔdp¨ cNhp_ Óu L©$ÛZA° L$¸y¨ R>° L°$,
Aldπ h•p_fp° c|–hp, ‚prZ_pdπ ]°$ldπ AprÓ[:
‚pZp`p_ kdpeyº[: `Qprd Afldπ Q[yrhÆOdπ
[°dS>
`”dπ `|Û`dπ agdπ [p°edπ ep° d° cL$–ep ‚e√R>r[
Alv cNhp_ L$l° R>° L°$ `p_, `yÛ`, am A_° S>m S>° d_° csº[cph`|hÆL$
Ap`° R>° [° lz¨ ıhuL$pͨ$ Ry>¨ A_° [° Qpf ‚L$pf_y¨ cp°S>_ lz¨ ‚pZ A_° A`p_\u `Qphy¨ Ry>¨.
Alv `pZu A° Afie cp°S>__u S>°d S> cp°S>__p° A°L$ cpN R>° S>°_° ‚pZ
A_° A`p_\u cNhp_ `Qph° R>°. d[gb L°$ [°dp¨\u Δh_ S>Í$fu [–hp° gB g° R>°.
bpL$u b√ey¨ [°_p° r_L$pg L$f° R>°. Apd, `pZu_p° r_L$pg L$fhp dpV°$ `Z ‚pZA`p_
A°V$g° L°$ hpey S>Í$fu R>°. `pZu `p°[p_u fu[° S> ApNm _\u S>B iL$[y¨ [p° [° ifuf_u
kapB iy¨ L$fi° ? ifuf_u kapB hpey\u \pe R>°. S>epf° dm–epN L$fuA° R>uA° –epf° S>°
]$bpZ Aph° R>° [° `pZu\u _\u Aph[y¨ hpey\u Aph° R>°. dm_° `Z A°L$ S>¡epA°\u
buΔ S>¡epA° ApNm ApNm ^L°$ghp_y¨ L$pd `Z hpey\u S> \pe R>°, `pZu\u _lv.
d|”_p¨ –epN hM[° `Z `pZu_y¨ ]$bpZ L$pd _\u L$f[y¨. –ep¨ R>°âp V$u`p ky^u `°ipb_°
^Ω$p° dpfu_° blpf L$pY$hp_y¨ L$pd hpey L$f° R>°.
Apd, `pZu\u kapB \pe R>°. dpV°$ h^y `pZu `uhy¨ S>Í$fu R>° L°$ DW$[p_u
kp\° S> `pZu `uhy¨ S>Í$fu R>° [° c∞d L$pY$u _pMhp_u S>Í$f R>°. lL$uL$[° h^pf° `X$[y¨
`pZu `uhp\u kapB fp°L$pB ≈e R>°. `qfZpd° A_°L$ fp°Np° D]π$ch° R>° S>° Ap`Z° i¨L$p
-3_p kdp^p_dp¨ ≈°ey¨. L$pfZ blz ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ L$p°B`Z e¨” L°$ [¨” `pk°\u [°_u qX$TpB_
dyS>b_y¨ L$pd gBA° –ep¨ ky^u [° kpͨ$ L$pd Ap`i° `Z ≈° [°_° h^y bp°S> Ap`ip° [p° [°
hl°gy¨ Mfpb \B S>i°. `pZu bpb[° `Z [°hy¨ S> R>°. S>° [¨” `pZu_p¨ `pQ_ A_°
r_L$pg A\£ R>° [°_° h^y `X$[y¨ `pZu Ap`u_° Ap`Z° Ap°hfgp°X$ L$fuA° R>uA°. L$p°BL$
kde° \[p° Ap°hfgp°X$ lSy> `Z k¸ R>° `f¨[y l¨d°i_p° Ap°hfgp°X$ [° [¨”_° rir\g A_°
bu_ L$peÆnd b_phu ]°$ R>°. S>°\u A_°L$ fp°Np°_p° cp°N b_hp_p° hpfp° Aph° R>°.
khpf° `pZu `uhp\u `°V$ kpa \[y¨ S> lp°e [p° rQqL$–kp_u fu[° L$p°BL$ hM[
`u g°hpdp¨ hp¨^p° _lv. S>°d L°$ rld°S>, lfX°$, r”amp Q|ZÆ, r]$h°g hN°f° f°QL$ `]$p\p£
g°hp\u `Z `°V$ kpa Aph° R>°. Apd R>[p¨ [°_p° ‚ep°N Ap`Z° lf l¨d°i L$f[p _\u.
L$pfZ L°$ [°_u V°$h `X$u ≈e [°hp° X$f R>°. A\hp [p° [°_° Ap`Z° Ap•jr^ dp_uA°
Aphy¨ `p` ApQepÆ L$fuiy¨ ? Ap b^y¨ L$fhp R>[p¨ iy¨ fp°N r_d|Æm \ep ? r_d|Æm \hp_y¨
[p° R>p°X$p° OV$[p `Z _\u DgV$p_p¨ h^[p S> ≈e R>°. R>[p¨ Ap`Z° a°f rhQpfZp L°$d
L$f[p _\u ? Apfp°¡e_p¨ L$peÆ kp\° k¨L$mpe°g Ïesº[, k¨ı\p L°$ kfL$pf L°$d Qugp Qpgy
fı[° S> O¢Vp bL$fp_u S>°d QpÎe° ≈e R>° ? [°_° L°$d fı[p° b]$gu ≈°hp_p° rhQpf
Aph[p° _\u ? bu≈ b]$g° L°$ _ b]$g° S>° fp°N_p° cp°N b_u fl°g R>° [° ÏeqL$[A° ≈[°
`p°[p_pdp¨ b]$gph gphhp° S> flep°, _lv[f khÆ_pi _Ω$u S> R>°.
i¨L$p : 4
`pZu\u [p° kapB \pe R>°. dpf° [p° khpf° DW$[p_u kp\° S> b° gp°V$p `pZu
`uhy¨ `X°$ R>°, _lv [p° k¨X$pk S> _ D[f° A_° ApMp° q]$hk Mfpb ≈e. khpf_y¨ `pZu
kapBL$pfL$ _\u ?
kdp^p_ :
`pZu\u kapB \hp_u dpfie[p c∞pdL$ R>°. S>° Ap fu[° kdΔ iL$pi° :-
`pZu `uhp\u S> ≈° k¨X$pk D[f[y¨ lp°e, [p° ]$f°L$_u ifuf fQ_p A°L$kfMu
R>°. S>°\u kp•_° [° r_ed gpNy `X$hp° ≈°BA°. `f¨[y b^p_u lpg[ A°hu _\u. d[gb
L°$ Ap`Z° S> Ap`Zp ifuf_° A°hu V°$h `pX$u ]$u^u R>°. OZp_° √lp _ `uh° –ep¨ ky^u
k¨X$pk D[f[y¨ _\u. [p° OZp_° _pı[p° L$epÆ bp]$ S> k¨X$pk gpN° R>°. –ep¨ ky^u [p°
kdS>ep L°$ [° ifuf_p¨ `pQ_[¨”_° AkfL$[pÆ R>°. `Z OZp_° [p° dp¢dp¨ [dpLy$ QX$ph°
`R>u S> k¨X$pk gpN° R>°. S>epf° L$p°B L$p°B_° [p° R>p`y¨ _ hp¨Q° –ep¨ ky^u k¨X$pk gpN[y¨
_\u. Ap `f\u kprb[ \pe R>° L°$ Ap b^u "V°$h' R>°, Ïek_ R>°. _lv [p° dp¢dp¨ [dpLy$
A_° ifuf_u kapB_° iy¨ r_ıb[ L°$ `R>u R>p`y hp¨Qhp\u ifuf_u kapB iu fu[° \pe ?
buSy>¨ - S>°_° `Z khpf° `pZu `uhp\u kapB \pe R>° [° fp”° [°dS> q]$hkdp¨
bpL$u_p L$p°B`Z kde° `pZu `uA° [p° `Z kapB \hu ≈°BA° _° ? `pZu\u kapB
\[u lp°e [p° S>epf° `Z `pZu `uA° –epf° kapB \hu ≈°BA° _° ? `Z kp•_p° A_ych
R>° L°$ Apd \[y¨ _\u. d[gb L°$ Ap "dp_rkL$' Akf NZu iL$pe.
”uSy>¨ - ifuf fQ_p_p Ap^pf° `Z Ap`Z° L$lu iL$uA° [°d R>uA° L°$ -
ifufdp¨ L$p°B A°hu Ïehı\p _\u L°$ dp¢dp¨\u `pZu _pøey¨ L°$ ku^y¨ `pB` gpB_ ‹pfp
bu≈ R>°X°$\u dm gB_° blpf _uL$m°. Afie Mp°fpL$ L°$ ‚hplu_u dpaL$ S> `pZu_° `Z
`Qphhy¨ `X°$ R>°. i°fX$u_p° fk L°$ bu≈ fk_° S>° ‚qæ$epdp¨\u `kpf \hy¨ `X°$ R>° [° S>
‚qæ$epdp¨\u `pZu_° `Z `kpf \hy¨ `X°$ R>°. S>°\u `pZu\u dm `f ]$bpZ gphu_°
dm_° blpf ^Ω$p° gpN° [°hu L$p°B Ïehı\p dp_h ifufdp¨ _\u.
28
Ap`Óu_p fpdQqf[ dp_k Ap^pqf[ ıh A_ycr[_u _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p_p
byL$p°_p° AÊepk L$fhp_p° A_° Ap`_u A°L$ q]$hk_u rirbf Sy>_pNY$ A°V°$fiX$ L$fhp_p°
AdyÎe Ahkf ‚p· \e°g. Mf°Mf Ap` X$pμL$V$f _ lp°hp R>[p¨ d°X$uL$g kpefik `Z
rhQpf[y¨ \pe [°hu kpefiV$uauL$, kfm cpjpdp¨ kd≈e [°hy¨ op_ klS> fu[° fS|> L$f°g
R>° [° b]$g ^fiehp]$.
Adpfp X$pμL$V$f rd”p°_° `Z Ap_u ≈Z L$f[p¨ b^p¨ ‚cprh[ \ep¨ R>°. Ap`_p°
‚p°N∞pd fpS>L$p°V$ d°X$uL$g L$pμg°S>dp¨ fpMhp Apep°S>_ L$fuiy¨. Ap`_u _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p_u
Adghpfu\u ifufdp¨ ıazr[Æ_p° A_ych \pe R>°. [°dS> hp¨Qhpdp¨ A°L$pN∞[p - Dd¨N
- D–kpl_p° - [pS>Nu_p° A_ych \pe R>° [°dS> Ql°fp `f_p rMgdp¨ `Z ape]$p°
\ep° R>°.
Ap` Ap`_p L$peÆdp¨ ApNm h^[p flp°. gp°L$p°_° _hu q]$ip\u kyMde
k¨kpfdp¨ klcpNu \ip° [°hu ‚p\Æ_p.
gu. X$pμ. apÎNy_u Δ. _¨]$pkZp
(d°X$uL$g L$pμg°S>, fpS>L$p°V$)
dp°. _¨. 99789 03200
Ap]$f kp\°
dp__ue
Óu bu. hu. Qp•lpZ [\p kfp°S>b°_ bu. Qp•lpZ.
Sy>_pNY$_u Ap`_u A°L$ q]$hk_u riqbf A°V°$fiX$ L$fhp_p° AdyÎe dp°L$p° dm°g.
[°dS> Ap`_u _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p [°dS> _hu rhQpf^pfp A_° fp°N rhi°_u Qp°`X$uAp°_p
AÊepk\u _hu q]$ip dmu R>°. d¢ A_° Adpfp a°rdguA° [°_u Adghpfu [° S> q]$hk\u
iÍ$ L$fu ]$u^°g R>°. dpfp hS>_dp¨ OV$pX$p° \ep° R>°, Np°W$Z_p ]y$:Mphp_u [L$gua ]|$f \B
R>°. [°dS> DcX$L$ `N° klS>[p\u b°ku iL$pe R>°. ifufdp¨ M|b S> ıazr[Æ - Ap_¨]$ -
Dd¨N_p° A_ych \pe R>°.
ƒepf° ≈d_Nf Aphp° –epf° S>Í$f Ap`_p op__p° gpc Ap`hp rh_¨[u.
Ap`_y≠ ]$pÁ`–e Δh_ kyMde - Ap_¨]$de A_° khÆ_° D`ep°Nu b_[y¨ fl° [°hu
`fdL©$`pmy `fdp–dp_° AÊe\Æ_p.
gu. L$p[p¨b°_ NZ°icpB _¨]$pkZp
C/o. Δ. `u. _¨]$pkZp `ÂguL$ ‚p°kuL$eyV$f
ap°_ _¨. (0288) 2751654
dp°. _¨. 98249 47115
5
`}ƒe hqX$gÓu,
Qp•lpZ kpl°b [\p kfp°S>b°_.
fpS>L$p°V$\u gu. X$pμ. S>e°i `V°$g [\p X$pμ. Ard_pb°__p _dıL$pf.
Ap`_u bp¨V$hp [°dS> Sy>_pNY$_u A°L$ q]$hk_u rirbf A°V°$fiX$ L$fhp_p° Ad|Îe
Akhf dm°g. [°dS> Ap`_u ""_hu cp°S>_ i•gu'' byL$p°_p AÊepk\u Adp° M|b S>
‚cprh[ \ep R>uA° A_° [°_u Adghpfu `Z Adp°A° iÍ$ L$f°g R>°. S>°_p\u Adp°_°
khpf_p° Qp-_pı[p° R|>V$u Ne°g R>°. [°dS> b`p°f_p qV$qa_dp¨ L$pL$X$ u, V$d°V$p, NpS>f,
‰zV$ gB S>hp\u kdedp¨ [°dS> fkp°B_u S>¨S>V$dp¨\u dyqL$[ dm°g R>°. A_° khpf\u
kp¨S> ky^u ıa}r[Æ kp\° L$pd L$fu iL$uA° R>uA°. Adpfp hS>_dp¨ `Z OV$pX$p° \e°g R>°.
[°dS> Adpfp ]$f]$uAp°_° `Z _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p_u Adghpfu\u A°kuX$uV$udp¨ OZp¨_°
M|b ape]$p \ep R>°.
Ap` Ap`_p L$peÆdp¨ ApNm h^[p flp° [°hu iyc°√R>p. fpS>L$p°V$ Aphp° –epf°
lp°sı`V$g_u d|gpL$p[ g°hp rh_¨[u [°dS> fpS>L$p°V$dp¨ `Z Ap`_u rirbf_p° gpc
Ap`hp rh_¨[u.
gu. X$pμ. S>e°i L°$. `V°$g (M.D.S; Oral Surgon) dp°. 98255 17455
X$pμ. Ard_pb°_ S>°. `V°$g (B.D.S.) dp°. 94286 99656 D
iycdπ X°$fiV$g lp°sı`V$g, `qfÓd ‡gpTp, d¨Nmp d°B_ fp°X$,
fpS>L$p°V$ ap°_ : 2466676
Ap]$fZue Óu,
bu. hu. Qp•lpZ kpl°b,
_dıL$pf.
Ap`_u Ap¬eps–dL$ ep”p ]$fÁep_ L$f°gp ‚ep°Np° ‹pfp \e°g ıhA_yc|r[Ap°_°
Ap^pf° Adpfp S>°hp dpV°$ "_hu cp°S>_ ‚\p' kufuT_u `ysı[L$pAp° ‹pfp OZp Ap¨M
DOpX$_pfp `qfZpdp° ‚cprh[ L$f_pfp R>°. rhop__p° rhL$pk S>Í$f \ep° R>°. [°_u
ApX$Akf Í$`° ipfuqfL$, dp_rkL$ A_° kpdpΔL$, fpÙ≤$ue-Ap¨[ffpÙ≤$ue ‚Òp° M|b S>
h¬ep R>°. ApMp° Ap^pf Ap`Zp d_ A_° ◊rÙ$L$p°Z `f R>°. d__p° Ap^pf Afl `f R>°.
Ap`_u `yı[uL$p ‹pfp D`hpk L°$hu fu[° L$fhp [°_u AL$kuf[p, cp°S>_ rhj°_u
kpQu kdS> L°$ cp°S>_ isº[]$p[p _rl `Z r_dpÆZL$[pÆ R>°, fp°N A° cp°N_y¨ `qfZpd
R>°, Qp, ifpb A_° dp¨k L$f[p `Z Mfpb R>°, –epNdp¨ kyM R>°, kyM Ap`hp\u kyM
dm° R>°, ]$hpAp°\u ıhı\ flu iL$pe _lv, ]$p_ A° k°hp cph_p R>°, b^u S> `ysı[L$pAp°
A°L$A°L$\u QY$uep[u R>°.
6 27
S>Í$f _\u My]$ bp¨^L$pd, ıg°b ‡gpıV$f S L$lu Ap`i° L°$ [°_° `pZu_u S>Í$f R>°.
S>Í$qfep[ `|fu \[p¨_u kp\° `Z L$lu Ap`i° L°$ lh° `pZu_u S>Í$f _\u R>[p¨ Ap`hpdp¨
Aphi° [p° lh° k¨Ofi° _lv, L$pY$u _p¨Mi° R>[p¨ `Z Ap‡e° S> fMpi° [p° D`f S>ZpÏey¨
[°d bp¨^L$pd Mp°Mgy¨ b_phu ]°$i°. L$X$uep° Ap b^y¨ ≈Z° S> R>°. lz¨ L$X$uep_p° ]$uL$fp° lp°hp
R>[p¨ ≈Z[p° _ l[p°. L$X$uep° AcZ R>° R>[p¨ Aphu L$p°W$pk|T [°_pdp¨ R>°. lz¨ cZ°g
lp°hp R>[p¨ L$p°W$pk|T_p¨ Acphhpmp° Ry>¨ ,Aop_u Ry >¨Ð lz¨ A°fiΔ_uef lp°hp R>[p¨ Ap_y¨
≈Z[p° _\u L$pfZ L°$ kuhug A°fiΔ_uef _\u.
gylpf `pk° S>hp_y¨ \ey¨ [p° [° M°[u_p¨ Ap°Tpfp°_° `pZu QX$ph[p° l[p°. [°Z°
`Z [°S> k_p[_ k–e D√QpeyØ ñ ""S>Í$f lp°e –epf°S>, `epÆ· dp”pdp¨ `pZu A`phy¨
≈°BA°. Ap°Ry>¨ L°$ h^y _yL$ip_L$pfu R>°.'' Ap°R>p\u QX$[y¨ _\u h^y\u D[fu ≈e R>°.
ep°¡e dp”p Ap°Tpf My]$ _Ω$u L$fu Ap`° R>°, Ap`Z° [°_° kdS>hy¨ ≈°BA°.
^p°bu_y¨ L$l°hy¨ `Z A°hy¨ S> R>°. A° L$l° R>° L°$ Ap°Ry>¨ `pZu hp`fuA° [p° L$`X$pdp¨
d°g flu ≈e R>°. `pZudp¨ h^y kde ky^u L$`Xy¨$ fl°hp ]$BA° [p° kX$u ≈e R>° / L$p°lhpB
≈e R>° Apd h^y `pZu h^y _yL$ip_L$pfL$ R>°.
kapB dpV°$ `pZudp¨ ‡gpıV$uL$ `pB`, ‡gpıV$uL$_y¨ X$bgy¨ L°$ L$p°B hpkZ
fpMhpdp¨ Aph° R>° [p° QuL$pi Aphu ≈e R>°. S>°_° kpa L$fhp lhpdp¨ k|L$hhy¨ `X°$ R>°.
Apd Mf°Mf kapB [p° lhp\u S> \pe R>°.
Ap\u ı`Ù$ \pe R>° L°$ S>ep¨ S>ep¨ `pZu_u S>°_p S>°_p dpV°$ S>Í$f lp°e, –ep¨
""`epÆ· dp”p'' A_° ""ep°¡e kde'' AN–e_p R>°. kapB `pZu\u _lv `Z hpey\u
\pe R>° S>°_° `pZu_u S>Í$f R>° [°S> b[phu Ap`° R>° : [°_p° kde A_° [°_u dp”p
L$X$uep, gylpf, Ly¨$cpf, M°X|$[, ^p°bu kp• L$p°B_° øepg Aphu ≈e R>° L°$ [° S>°_u kp\°
L$pd `pX°$ R>° [°_° `pZu_u S>Í$f R>° L°$ L°$d ? L°$V$gu kfm A_° klS> bpb[ R>° ?
`f¨[y rhrQ”[p A° R>° L°$ Afie r_ΔÆh hı[yAp°_u gpNZu A_° dpNZu_°
kdS>_pf L$l°hp[p° bys¬^ipmu (L°$ `R>u Mf°Mf by¬^y !) dpZk My]$_° _\u Ap°mMu
iL$[p° A_° `p°[° S> c|gu ≈e R>°. h^y `pZu `u `u_° fp°Np°_° _p°[f° R>°, ]|$^ S>°
dp_h≈[_p° Mp°fpL$ _\u [°_° iqL$[]$peL$ k¨`|ZÆ Aplpf, L°$Îiued h^ÆL$ hN°f° dp_u
dp_u_° Y$u¨√e° fpM° R>° A_° fp°Np°_° _p°[f° R>°. ""kd[p°g Aplpf''_p¨ _pd° dp¨kñd√R>u,
HX$p Mpe R>° [°dS> cNhp_° Ap`°g Ad©[kdp Aplpf_° fp¨^u_° d©[ b_phu_° Mpe
R>°, kps–hL$ cp°S>__° k–hrl_ b_phu_° Mpe R>° A_° fp°Np°_° _p°[f° R>°. Aphu N¨cuf
c|gp° `p°[° L$f° R>° A_° ]$p°jpfp°`Z dpMu, d√R>f, b°L$V°$fuep, Apbp°lhp hN°f° `f L$fu_°
dpMu, d√R>f, b°L$V°$fuep_° cp˛ep d|L$[p _\u. `p°[p_° Δhhp Afie L°$V$gpe r_]$p£j
Δhp°_p° Mp–dp° bp°gphu ]°$[p dpZk kl°S> `Z MQL$p[p° _\u. L$ep¨ ky^u
(3) `epÆ· dp”pdp¨ - _lv h^y [°dS> _lv Ap°Ry>¨ g°hp[y¨ `pZu S> Ó°õ$ `qfZpd
]$peu R>°.
(4) `pZu_° Mp°fpL$ kp\° k¨b¨^ R>°. Mp°fpL$_p ‚L$pf dyS>b `pZu_u S>Í$fuep[
Ap°R>u-h—u \B iL°$ R>°.
ldZp¨ d° ñ f007dp¨ Adpfp dL$p__y¨ qf`°fvN L$fpÏey¨. `pZu bpb[° \p°X$u
h^y gpBV$ \B. Ly¨$cpf `pk° HV$p° g°hp Nep Ly¨cpf_p¨ L$l°hp dyS>b :ñ
dpV$udp¨ S>Í$f lp°e –epf° S> A_° S>Í$f lp°e [°V$gy¨ S> `pZu _Mpe.
`l°gp¨ `pZu _pMu ]°$hp\u dpV$u ≈du S>i° A_° HV$p° b_phhp_p¨ L$pddp¨ _lv
Aph°. S>Í$f\u h^y `pZu _p¨Muiy¨ [p° dpV$u fpbX$ \B S>i° S>° HV$p° b_phhpdp¨ h`fpey¨
l[y¨ [° S `pZu lh° HV$p° b_u Nep bp]$ _p¨Mhpdp¨ Aphi° [p° HV$p°_° S> `uNpmu ]°$i°.
dpV$u My]$ L$lu Ap`i° L°$ L$epf° L°$V$gp `pZu_u S>Í$f R>° ?
`pL$u HV$p°_u bpb[dp¨ `Z ANpD_y¨ `pZu bp[g S>i°. D`ep°Ndp¨ g°hp_u
lp°e –epf° S> `pZu ep°¡e ‚dpZdp¨ `php\u [° rkd°fiV$ f°[u_p¨ dpg_y¨ `pZu Q|ku g°[u
_\u A_° bp¨^L$pd dS>b|[ b_ph° R>°. S>Í$f L$f[p h^pfp_y¨ `pZu HV$ k¨Ofi° _lv [°
L$pY$u _p¨Mi° A_° R>[p¨ Ap`hpdp¨ Aphi° [p° [°_° g|Zp° gpNi°, i°hpm ≈du S>i°...
ıg°b, ‡gpıV$f hN°f° S>°hp rkd°fiV$ñf°[udp¨\u b_°g bp¨^L$pd_° `Z `pZu_u
S>Í$f `X°$ R>°. L$X$uep_p¨ L$l°hp dyS>b ñ ""`pZu S>Í$f lp°e –epf° S> A_° S>Í$f lp°e [°V$gy¨
S> `pZu A`phy¨ ≈°BA° Ap°Ry>¨ L°$ h^pf° `pZu _yL$ip_L$pfu R>°.''
`pZu _ `php\u L°$ Ap°Ry>¨ `php\u rkd°fiV$ dS>b|[pB `L$X$[u _\u A_° cf
cf c|Ω$p° \B [°_u `Ω$X$ R>p°X$u ]°$ R>° S>°\u bp¨^L$pd Mp°Mgy¨ \B ≈e R>°. h^y rkd°fiV$
hp`fu lp°hp R>[p¨ Apd Alv `pZu A–e¨[ S>Í$fu R>°. `Z [°_p° A\Æ A°hp° _\u L°$ h^y
S>Í$fu lp°hp\u h^y dp”pdp¨ `pZu Ap`hy¨. ≈° h^y `pZu A`pi° [p° bp¨^L$pd `f
‡gpıV$f_p° dpg QX$i° S> _lv A°V$g° L°$ h^y `X$[y¨ `pZu rl[L$f _\u bÎL°$
_yL$ip_L$pfu R>°.
‡gpıV$f \B Nep bp]$ ‡gpıV$f_u dS>b|[pB dpV°$ `pZu S>Í$fu R>°. [p° _lv
A`pe L°$ Ap°Ry>¨ A`pi° [p° rkd°fiV$ h^y hp`f°g li° [p° `Z ‡gpıV$f _bmy¨ fl°i°. ep°¡e
‚dpZdp¨ `pZu Ap`hp\u ‡gpıV$f_u dS>b|[pB `|fu Aphi°. h^y `pZu A`pi° [p°
q]$hpgp°dp¨\u Nd° –ep¨\u `pZu a}V$u _uL$mi°. S>° ‡gpıV$f `f_p¨ L$gfdp¨ ^pbp `pX$i°,
L$gf_p¨ `p°`X$p DMX$i°, ‡gpıV$f_p¨ `p°`X$p DMX°$, q]$hpg_° g|Zp° gpN° A_° ApMy¨
dL$p_ S>S>Æqf[ b_u ≈e. ep°¡e dp”p_y¨ `pZu _Ω$u L$fhp L$p°B g°bp°f°V$fu_u
26
X$pμL$V$f lp°hp_p _p[° Ap b^y¨ ıhuL$pfu iL$pe _lv, `f¨[y ‚ep°N L$fhp d_
‚°fpey¨. 4 drl_p A]π$cy[ A_ychdp¨\u `kpf \ep°. Ap`_p° M|b M|b Apcpf.
‚cy ‚pr· dpV°$_p° dpNÆ tQ^pX$_pf [°dS> A° dpN£ ]$p°fu S>_pf Óu Qp•lpZ
kpl°b Ap`_p° Apcpf A_° ‚cy ‚p\Æ_p - Ap`_p ]$uOÆApey A_° L$peÆ dpV°$.
- X$pμ. hp^hpZu
(A°d. X$u. auTuÌe_) S>°[`yf
ap°_ _¨. (02823) 222100,225500
dp__ue hX$ug dyfÂbuÓu,
bu.hu.Qp•lpZ,
Ap`Óu_u fpdQfu[ dp_k Ap^pfu[ "_hu cp°S>_ ‚\p Ó°Zu' Afihe°
Ap`ÓuA° ‚NV$ L$f°gu b^u S> `ysı[L$pAp°_p° d¢ rhN[hpf AÊepk L$ep£. A°L$ kpdpfie
dpZk kdΔ iL°$ A_° A°L$]$d kpfu, kfm A_° ‚cprhL$ i•gu\u Ap`° ipfuqfL$
rhop__u M|buAp°_u ky¨]$f R>ZphV$ Ap `ysı[L$pAp°dp¨ L$f°gu R>°. Apd S>_[p_°
kdS>hp dpV°$ Ap M|b S> S>Í$fu R>°. Ap`Óu A°L$ X$p∑L$V$f _ lp°hp R>[p¨e Ap h•QpqfL$
dprl[u A¨N° [dpfp rhQpfp°, ArcNd dpV°$ lz¨ Ap`_° Arc_¨]$_ `pW$hy¨ Ry>¨. Ap`Óu_u
crhÛedp¨ Aph_pf "L$bΔep[' A_° "X$pepbuV$uk' A¨N°_u `ysı[L$pAp°_y¨ rhÔg°jZ
L$f[p d_° S>Zpey¨ L°$ b¨_° `ysı[L$pAp°dp¨ Ap [ÿ_ kpdpfie S>Zp[u rbdpfuAp° rhi°
ky¨]$f [gı`iw rhh°Q_ L$fu_° [ÿ_ rb_MQpÆm D`pep° Ap`ÓuA° "_hu cp°S>_ ‚\p'
Ó°Zu kpfu rhı[©[dp¨ S>Zph°g R>°.
crhÛedp¨ Aphp S> ‚L$pf_p rhrh^ fp°Np° rhi° lfl¨d°i Ap`Óu Aphu
gp°L$p°`ep°Nu `ysı[L$pAp° ‚NV$ L$fu_°, r_:ıhp\Æ cph° kdpS>k°hp L$fhp_ÿ S>° buXÿ$ TX$`°gÿ
R>° [°dp¨ `fd L©$`pmy `fdp–dp Bf Ap`_° k]$pe kp\ Ap`°, [dpfp D`f lfl¨d°i
[°d_p Apiuj hfkph° A°hu dpfu A¨[:L$fZ `|hÆL$ ‚cyÓu_° ‚p\Æ_p R>°.
crhÛedp¨ Aphp ‚L$pf_p [dpfp \L$u \[p¨ [dpd k]π$L$pep£ dpV°$ dpfp [fa\u
e\pep°¡e dpNÆ]$iÆ_ [°dS> rhrh^ k|Q_p° Ap`hp dpV°$ [dp° d_° klcpNu kdS>ip°
[p° [° dpͨ$ Alp°cp¡e R>° A°d lz¨ kdΔi A_° k‚°d [° ıhuL$pfui.
X$pμ. r^f°_ Apf. `V°$g
(L$pX$wep°gp°ΔıV$) hX$p°]$fp
ap°_ _¨. (0265) 2437203,2432188,2340641
7
 afu lz¨ `|Ry>¨ Ry>¨ L°$ - h^y Mp[f Ap`p° A_° h^y `pZu `Z Ap`p° [p° h^y A_°
kpfp° `pL$ \pe _° ?
S>hpb : _p f° ! A°d [° lp°[p li° ! A° [p° S>°V$gp° \p[p° lp°e A°V$gp° S> \pe,
DgV$p_y¨ h^y Mp[f A_° h^y `pZu\u [p° `pL$_° _yL$kp_ S> \pe. azhpfp `¬^r[\u
Ap°R>p Mp[f-`pZu\u `Z kpfp° `pL$ \pe.
R>°âp° khpg lz¨ `|Ry>¨ Ry>¨ : azhpfp `¬^r[_° [dp°A° kpfu NZu_° A`_phu A_°
[°_p ape]$pAp° `Z d°mÏep. A° S> `¬^r[ [dp° [dpfp ]°$lÍ$`u M°[f dpV°$ _ A`_phu
iL$p° ? L°$ ‚ep°N L$fu iL$p° ? Ap kp¨cm[p S> dp°V$p° bpZphmu i|fhuf ep°Ÿp° ASy>Æ_ L°$
S>°Z° fZc|rddp¨ A_°L$ ep°ŸpAp°_p° L$√QfOpZ hpmu _pøep° l[p° [° S> `p°[p_p `y”_p¨
dfhp\u kph cp¨Nu `X°$g [°hu lpg[ [°d_u \pe R>°. l¢... l¢... l¢... L$f[p¨ M¨^y lpıe
L$f[p S>Zph° R>° L°$ d_° [p° X$pμL$V$f° M|b S> `pZu `uhp_u kgpl Ap`u R>°. Ap°R>p
`pZu\u [° L°$d Qpg° ? bk ! Ap S> lpg[ ApMp kdpS>_u R>°.
Ap gMpZ gMhp_y¨ Qpgy R>° –epf° S> tkQpB Mp[p_p A°L$ r_h©— L$dÆQpfu
d_° d˛ep. [°dZ° b_°gu k–e OV$_p L$lu k¨cmphu.
1963_p Afkpdp¨ ^pfu (rS>. Adf°gu)_p Mp°X$uepf X°$ddp¨\u `l°gu hM[
M°X|$[p°_° `pZu Ap`hp_y¨ l[y¨ S>°\u "da[' A`pey¨. M°X|$[p°_° Npd°Npd S>B_° kdS>Z
Ap`hpdp¨ Aphu L°$ `pZu da[dp¨ S> dmi° `f¨[y [°_p° ≈°B[p ‚dpZdp¨ S> D`ep°N
L$f≈°. `f¨[y M°X|$[p°A° A°V$gy¨ `pZu `pey¨ L°$ h^y `X$[p `pZu_° L$pfZ° OJ_p° `pL$ S>
r_Ûam Nep°. A°L$ M°X|$[_p° _lv, [° tkQpB rhı[pfdp¨ Aph[p [dpd° [dpd M°X|$[p°_p°
S>°dZ° h^y `X$[y¨ `pZu `pey¨ l[y¨. –epf `R>u_p hjp£dp¨ `Z h^y `X$[p `pZu_u Akf
S>du_ `f flu A_° `pL$_° dpW$u Akf L$fu –epf° M°X|$[p° L$l°hp gpN°g L°$ h^y `X$[p
`pZu_p¨ L$pfZ° S>du_ W¨$X$u `X$u NB R>°. S>°\u `pL$ bfpbf Aph[p° _\u.
Ap M°[u_u hp[\u ApV$gu bpb[ ı`Ù$ \pe R>° L°$ -
(1) h^y `X$[p `pZu\u `pL$ bu_ [¨]y$fı[ A_° Ap°R>p° \pe R>°.
(2) R>p°X$ g¨Ope `R>u `pZu A`pe.
(3) azhpfp `¬^r[\u A`p[y¨ Ap°R>pdp¨ Ap°Ry>¨ (A°V$g° L°$ Mf°Mf S>°V$gu S>Í$fuep[ R>°
[°V$gy¨. _lv Ap°Ry>¨ _lv h^y) `pZu S> Ó°õ$ `qfZpd ]$peL$ R>°.
(4) `pZu_° Mp[f kp\° k¨b¨^ R>°. Mp[f_p¨ ‚L$pf dyS>b `pZu_u Ap°R>p-h—p
‚dpZdp¨ S>Í$f fl°.
bk, Ap [dpd bpb[ Ap`Z_° `Z gpNy `X°$ R>°. Ap`Zp dpV°$ -
(1) h^y `X$[p `pZu\u fp°N \pe R>°. [°dS> L$peÆnd[p OV°$ R>°.
(2) [fk gpN° `R>u S> `pZu `uhpe. (g¨O_dπ `fdπ Ap•j^dπ)
8 25
JO `Z kpfu Aph[u l[u. lp, hS>_ fp°S>_y¨ A°L$ qL$gp° ‚dpZ° OV$[y¨ l[y¨. Aphy¨ S>
Afie kh£_p qL$ıkpdp¨ `Z S>Zpey¨ R>°.
`pZu_° gN[u Ap S> hp[ buΔ fu[° QL$pkuA°.
lz¨ M°X|$[p°_° `|R>[p° lp°D Ry>¨ L°$,
- Ap hM[° V°$V$udp¨ duW$pi L°$d Ap°R>u R>° ?
- Ap hM[° L°$fudp¨ Ly$]$f[u duW$pi L°$d S>Zp[u _\u ?
- Ap hM[° OJ / bpS>fp° hN°f° L°$d r_ı[°S>, X$pOphpmp, QudmpB Ne°g
- V|¨$L$dp¨ bu_ [¨]y$fı[ L°$d S>Zpe R>° ?
L$pB° `Z rhı[pf_p° M°X$|[ lp°e L°$ M°[ dS|>f `Z lp°e, [p° A°_p° S>hpb A°L$ S>
lp°e R>° L°$ "[°_° `pZu S>Í$f L$f[p¨ h^y d˝ey¨ R>°.' dpV°$ [° `pL$ bu_ [¨]$yfı[ R>°.
L$p°B L$p°B_° hmu lz¨ buΔ fu[° `Z `|Ry>¨ Ry>¨ L°$ - [dpfu `pk° `yÛL$m `pZu R>°,
Qp°huk° L$gpL$ huS> `yfhW$p° `Z dm° R>° [p° [d° [dpfp OJ / fS>L$p° / ipL$cpΔ
hN°f°_° `pZu L°$V$gy¨ Ap`ip° ?
[p° kp•_p° A°L$ S> kfMp° S>hpb lp°e R>° L°$ - ""S>°V$gy¨ S>Í$f lp°e [°V$gy¨.''
–epf° lz¨ afu `|Ry>¨ Ry>¨ L°$ h^pf° `pZu Ap`p° [p° iy¨ \pe ?
[p° [°Ap° L$l° R>° L°$ R>p°X$_u h©s¬^ bfpbf _lv \pe, R>p°X$ `ump `X$u S>i°,
L$p°lhpB_° _pi `Z `pdi° A_° `pL$_p° D[pfp° h^y _lv Aph°. [°dS> `pL$ bu_
[¨]y$fı[ \i°.
[°d_° h^y A°L$ khpg L$ͨ$ Ry>¨ L°$ R>p°X$_° `pZu_u S>Í$f R>° L°$ _lv [°_u [d_° L°$d
Mbf `X°$ ?
S>hpb lp°e R>° : R>p°X$ g¨Ophp dp¨X°$ (\p°X$p° r_ı[°S> S>Zpe) [°dS>
S>du_ `Z k|L$pB_° [ufpX$ \hp gpN° A°V$g° Ad° kdΔA° L°$ lh° R>p°X$ `pZu dpN°
R>° / S>du_ `pZu dpN° R>°.
afu lz¨ `|Ry>¨ Ry>¨ L°$ [d° S>° `pZu Ap`p° R>p° [° Ap°Ry>¨ L°$ h^y Ap`p° R>p° [°_p° L$p°B
dp`]¨$X$ Mfp° ?
S>hpb lp°e R>° L°$ cpf[dp¨ S>° fu[° R>p°X$_° `pZu A`pe R>° [° fu[ hpS>bu
_\u [°hy¨ BTfpe°g_u azhpfp `¬^r[\u dm[p [¨]y$fı[ dbgM `pL$\u kprb[ \e°g
R>°. Ap\u cpf[dp¨ `Z azhpfp `¬^r[_p° Adg \B f¸p° R>° S>°\u Ap°R>pdp¨ Ap°R>p
`pZu\u kpfu NyZh—p_p° (r_fp°Nu) dbgM `pL$ d°mhu iL$pe.
h^y A°L$ khpg lz¨ `|Ry>¨ Ry>¨ L°$ `pZu_° Mp[f kp\° L$p°B k¨b¨^ Mfp° ?
S>hpb : A° [p° Mfp° S> _° ! - h^y Mp[f h^y `pZu dpN°. hmu Rp>Zuep
Mp[f L$f[p¨ fpkperZL$ Mp[f `Z h^y `pZu dpN°.
24
5ZD 5}HI4 zL ALP JLP R{FCF6 TYF ;ZMHAC[G 5|6FD4PPPPPP
ZFHSM8YL ,LP 0F¶ NX"G JLP ;]Z[HFGF GD:SFZ sJ\NGf¦
VF5GL AF\8JFGL V[S lNJ;GL lXlAZ V[8[g0 SZJFGM VD}<I
VJ;Z D/[,P VF5GL cGJL EMHG5|YFcGF VeIF;YL B}A H 5|EFlJT
YIM K]\P V[S ;FDFgI DF6; ;DÒ XS[ T[JL ;Z/ VG[ 5|EFlJS X{,LDF\
ZH}VFT SZ[, K[ T[ AN, WgIJFNPPPPPPPPP
VF5GL GJL lJRFZWFZF 56 v cp5JF;c 4 cNFG GCL ;[JFc V[
56 B}A H 5|X\;lGI K[P VF5GL VF EMHG5|YFGL VD,JFZL VDFZ[
DF8[ B}A H p5IMUL ;FlAT YI[, K[P UF\9LIF VG[ RF K}8L UIF K[P
T[DH A5MZGF EMHGDF\ SFR]\ ;CHTFYL D/L XS[ K[P VFGFYL DFZF
XZLZDF\ :O}lT" v TFHULGM VG]EJ YFI K[P
C]\ :+LvZMU lJEFUGF .ZJLG CMl:58,4 HFDGUZDF\ UFIG[S
0F¶S8Z TZLS[ VeIF; S~\ K]\P VF5[ ,B[, c:+L ZMUc A]SM 56 NNL"VMG[
VF5L ;[JF S~\ K]\P T[DG[ 56 OFINF YIF\ K[P AF\\8JFYL DdDLv5%5F
56 VF5GL B}A H 5|X\;F SZTF CMI K[ VG[ T[VMV[ 56 GJL
EMHG5|YF V5GFJL K[P 0F¶P NX"G JLP ;]Z[Ô (M.D.)
u,MA, 8[:8 8I}A ;[g8Z V[g0 q UFIG[S U|[:YL cc lXJF,Icc4
HI5FS"4 ZFHGUZ RMSGL AFH]DF\4 GFGF DJF ZM04 ZFHSM8P
OMG o _Z(! v Z$5_)!!4 DMP ))Z55 _*#*5
0F¶P OF<U]GL ÒP G\NF;6F DMP ))*() _#Z_4 ZFHSM8P
DFGGLI J0L, D]ZaAL zLP4 ALP JLP R{FCF6 ;FC[A TYF
;ZMHAC[GP
ZFHSM8YL ,LP 0F¶P OF<U]GL ÒP G\NF;6FGF :G[C 5|6FDPPPPPP
VF5zLGF ZFDRlZT DFG; VFWFlZT :J VG]E}lTGL GJL
EMHG5|YFGM VeIF; SZJFGM VG[ VF5GL V[S lNJ;GL lXlAZ H}GFU-
V[8[g0 SZJFGM VD}<I VJ;Z 5|F%T YI[,P BZ[BZ VF5 0F¶S8Z G CMJF
KTF\ D[0LS, ;FIg; 56 lJRFZT]\ YFI T[JL ;FIg8LOLS4 ;Z/ EFQFFDF\
;DHFI T[J]\ 7FG ;CH ZLT[ ZH} SZ[, K[ T[ AN, WgIJFNP
VDFZF 0F¶S8Z lD+MG[ 56 VFGL HF6 SZTF\ AWF 5|EFlJT YIF\
K[P VF5GM 5|MU|FD ZFHSM8 D[0LS, SM,[HDF\ ZFBJF VFIMHG SZLX]\P
VF5GL GJL EMHG5|YFGL VD,JFZLYL XZLZDF\ :O}lT"GM VG]EJ YFI
K[P T[DH JF\RJFDF\ V[SFU|TF v pD\U v pt;FCGM v TFHULGM VG]EJ
YFI K[P T[DH RC[ZF 5ZGF BL,DF\ 56 OFINM YIM K[P
VF5 VF5GF SFI"DF\ VFU/ JWTF ZCM4 ,MSMG[ GJL lNXFYL ;]BDI
;\;FZDF\ ;CEFUL YXM T[JL 5|FY"GFP
9
 cp°S>_ ‚\p
dp_hΔh_dp¨ Apfp°¡e_y¨ dl–h M|b S> R>°. Ap`Zpdp¨ L$l°h[ R>° L°$, "`l°gy¨
kyM [° ≈[° _epÆ'. dyÌL°$g hp[ Apfp°¡e_u ≈mhZu_u R>°. Apfp°¡e_u ≈mhZu dpV°$
Δh__p OZp S> `pkpAp° (fı[pAp°) R>°, S>°hp L°$ ipfuqfL$, dp_kuL$, Apr\ÆL$, kpdpΔL$.
cp°S>_-Aplpf-`p°jZ hN°f° `pkpAp°_u L$pmΔ\u Ap`œ¨ Apfp°¡e S>mhpe R>°. Ap
rkhpe `Z Ïesº[_u (dpZk_u) Δhhp_u `Ÿr[-V°$hp°-fu[p° `Z AN–e_p° cpN cS>h°
R>°. Apfp°¡e kpQhhp dpV°$ fp°N\u ]|$f fl°hy¨ S>Í$fu R>°. fp°N\u ]|$f fl°hp dpV°$ kp•\u AN–e_p°
cpN cp°S>_ ‚\p, ep°¡e L$kf[-Ïepepd, Qp°øMpB, Δhhp_u fu[-cp[, Mfpb
Ap]$[p°\u (S>°hu L°$ buX$u `uhu, [dpLy$_y¨ k°h_, ]$pÍ$ `uhp°) ]|$f fl°hy¨ `Z S>Í$fu R>°.
dpZk_u d__u ip¨r[, Nyıkp `f_p° L$pby, Apæ$p°i, BÛepÆ, h^y `X$[u tQ[p
hN°f° `Z Apfp°¡e `f AkfL$pfL$ lp°e R>°.
"cp°S>_ ‚\p' A° Apfp°¡e kpQhhp_u A_° fp°N\u ]|$f fl°hp_u dyøe Qphu R>°.
cp°S>_ ‚\p kp\° D`f S>Zph°g fı[pAp° (`pkpAp°)_y¨ ¬ep_ fpMhpdp¨ Aph° [p° cp°S>_
‚\p_u ^pfu Akf \pe R>°. cp°S>_ ‚\p D`f OZp g°Mp°, `yı[L$p°, k¨ip°^_p° \ep R>° A_°
\[p fl°i°. Ap b^p_p° r_ÛL$jÆ kpfu cp°S>_ ‚\p\u kd[p°g Aplpf R>°. Ap cp°S>_
‚\pdp¨ amp° (F>[y ‚dpZ° [p≈ amp° Ap`Z_° `p°kpe A°hp), gugp ipL$cpΔ, L$Qy¨bf,
gugu QV$Zu, am_p [°dS> ipL$cpΔ_p fkp° `Z dl–h_p° cpN cS>h° R>°.
fp¨^hp\u Mp°fpL$_p [–hp°_° Oœ¨ _yL$ip_ \pe R>°. fp¨^hp L$f[p¨ bpa°gy¨ A_° bpa°gp
L$f[p L$pQy¨ kp•\u D—d R>°. cp°S>_ ‚\pdp¨ ^pepÆ L$f[p¨ Oœ¨ TX$`\u `qfh[Æ_ ApÏey¨ A_°
OZp fp°Np°_° hl°gy¨ Apd¨”Z Ap‡ey¨ A_° Ap`Z° dyÌL°$gudp¨ dyL$pep. kpfu cp°S>_ ‚\p fp°N
‚r[L$pfL$ isº[_ÿ r_dpÆZ L$f° R>° [°dS> fp°N_° dV$pX°$ R>°. kNcpÆhı\p ]$fÁep_ bl°_p° Ap
cp°S>_ ‚\p A_ykf° [p° dp[p A_° bpmL$ b¨__° ¨y Apfp°¡e ky^f° [°dS> bl°_p°dp¨ \[p `p¨X$yfp°Ndp¨
`Z kpfp° gpc dmu iL°$ [°hÿ dpfÿ d¨[Ïe R>°. S>°d_° L$pB° `Z fp°N (`r[-`–_u_°) _p lp°e
[°d R>[p¨ bpmL$ _ \[p lp°e [°d_° `Z ape]$p° \pe R>°.
Óu bu. hu. Qp•lpZ_° cp°S>_ ‚\p rhj° OZp° blp°mp° A_ych [°dS> op_ R>°.
Ap A_ych A_° op__p° gpc ‚≈_° dm° A°d B√Ry> Ry>¨. Ap cp°S>_ ‚\p\u d_° `Z
gpc \e°g R>°. Ap cp°S>_ ‚\p\u OZp gpcp° \[p lp°hp\u [°_u cgpdZ L$f[p S>fp `Z
k¨L$p°Q A_ych[p° _\u. Óu bu. hu. Qp•lpZ kpl°b_° kam[p [°dS> iyc°√R>p B√Ry> Ry>¨.
- X$pμ. A°g. A°_. Qp•lpZ
A°d.X$u. (X$u.Δ.Ap°.)
r_h©[ Xu_, SSG lp°ı`uVg, hXp°]fp
ap°_ _¨. (0265) 2251857
10
 "Ar[ khÆ” hS>Æe°[π'
 g¨O_dπ `fd Ap•j^dπ'
Ap L$l°h[p° A_ykpf h^pf° `X$[y¨ `uhp[y¨ `pZu _yL$ip_L$pfL$ S> R>°.
`pZu_u S> bpb[dp¨ Ap hp[ dp” L$l°h[_p Ap^pf° _lv `Z lL$uL$[p°\u
[`pkuA°.
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‚ep°N L$f[p l[p. [°d_p° Arc‚pe d¢ ≈Œep° [p° [°dZ° `Z d_° S>ZpÏey¨ L°$ dpͨ$ `°V$
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]$u^°g R>°. Ap_p D`f\u Afie k¨`LÆ$dp¨ Aph[p A_°L$ gp°L$p°_u d¢ `|R>`fR> L$fhu Qpgy
fpMu S>°Ap° Aphp° `pZu ‚ep°N L$f[p l[p A\hp [p° A°L$ ep bu≈ L$pfZp°kf ‚e–_`|hÆL$
h^y `pZu `u[p l[p A_° d¢ ≈°ey¨ L°$ [° [dpd° [dpd A°L$ ep bu≈ fp°Np°_p° cp°N b_°g
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[°Ap°_p fp°N L$pbydp¨ R>°. A_°L$ fu[° kd≈hhp R>[p¨e [° kdS>hp [•epf S> _ l[p.
L$pfZ L°$ rQqL$–kL$p°A° A°hp° X$f `°kpX$u ]$u^°g L°$ `pZu b¨^ L$fhpdp¨ [°Ap° dp°Vy¨$ ≈°Md
kdS>[p A_° [°\u ≈°Md g°hp lfNuS> [•epf _ l[p.
d¢ `pZu - bu_S>Í$fu / h^pfp_y¨ / [fk gp¡ep rkhpe_y¨ b¨^ L$eyØ. ApS>°
AYpf AYpf hjÆ_p hlpZp hpB Nep. l¨d°i_p° lpg_p° dpfp° kf°fpi `pZu_p° h`fpi
]•$r_L$ `p rgV$f\u `Z Ap°R>p° R>°. cf D_pmpdp¨ / dykpafudp¨ L°$ dl°_[ hM[° `Z h^y
`pZu_u S>Í$f `X$[u _\u. Qpgy D_pmpdp¨ ”Z drl_pdp¨ ”Z guV$f `pZu `Z `u^y¨ _
l[y¨. ≈° L°$ [° dpV°$ Mp°fpL$ S>hpb]$pf l[p°. `|f[p ‚dpZdp¨ V$d°V$p, `pgM, ^fp°, fS>L$p°
hN°f° Mhp[p S>°\u `pZu_u S>Í$f fl°[u _lv. Qpf q]$hk ky^u lhp `f / r_S>Æmp
D`hpk_p° ‚ep°N L$ep£ R>[p¨ D`hpk ]$frdep_ L°$ D`hpk bp]$ `Z `pZu `uhp_u
(L°$ Mphp_u) `Z B√R>p \[u _ l[u. isº[, ıa}r[Æ, [pS>Nu h^°g l[p.
23
 kpQy≠ [p° A° R° L° : (1) ""rifpdZ, b`p°fp L° hpmy
fkp°Xp_° dpfu ]p° [pmy''
(2) "" b°∞L apıV, gfiQ L° Xu_f
S° LpQy≠ Mpe [° hu_f''
h^y rhN[° ≈Zhp B√R>[p lp°e [°dZ° g°ML$_u ""_hu cp°S>_ ‚\p '' hp¨Qu S>hp
kgpl R>°.
i¨L$p : 3
b^p S> `pZu M|b `uhp_y¨ L$l° R>°. S>epf° [d° `pZu Ap°Ry>¨ `uhp_y¨ L$lp° R>p°.
Ap hp[ Nm° D[f[u _\u.
kdp^p_ :
hp[ kpQu R>°. kdpS>dp¨ lpg Ap dpfie[p S> ‚h[£ R>°. lz¨ `Z [° dpfie[p_p°
S> riL$pf \e°g l[p°. fp”° [p¨bp_p gp°V$pdp¨ cfu fpM°g `pZu khpf° dp¢ kpa L$fu_°
[yf[ S> (_fZp L$p°W°$) `pZu `u S>[p°. bp]$dp¨ "`pZu`\u'_u dpfie[p M|b S> Qpgu.
(lSy> OZp [°_p riL$pf R>°.) khpf° DW$[p_u kp\° S> dp¢ kpa L$epÆ hNf S> (hpku
dp¢\u) 1.6 guV$f `pZu `u S>[p° A_° q]$hk ]$frdep_ h^ydp¨ h^y `pZu `uhp_u V°$h
`pX°$g. S>°_p\u ifuf_u kapB kpfu \pe R>° [°d dp_[p°.
`f¨[y S>epf\u A° øepg ApÏep° L°$ Ap`œ¨ ifuf cNhp_° S> b_ph°g R>°.
A° V $ g ° L° $ [° GENERATOR R>° . [° S> k¨ Q pg_ L$ f ° R>° A° V $ g ° L° $ [° S>
OPERATOR R>° A_° [° S> k¨lpfL$ R>° A°V$g° L°$ [° S> DESTROYER R>°. (Ap\u
S> [p° [° GOD = Np°X$ = cNhp_ R>°.) S>°\u cNhp__p L$peÆdp¨ X$Mg L$fhu [°
X$lp`Z _\u. [°_° S>epf° `pZu_u S>Í$f li° –epf° [©jp ([fk) gNpX$u k¨L°$[ Ap`i°
A_° S>°hu S>Í$qfep[ k¨[p°jpB S>i° L°$ [yf[ S> [©·u_p° k¨L°$[ Ap`i°. d[gb L°$
B√R>p \pe –epf° S>Í$fu (`epÆ·) dp”pdp¨ `pZu `uhy¨ ≈°BA°. "_lv Ap°Ry>¨ L°$ _lv
h^y'. Ap°Ry>¨ `pZu `uhp_p° khpg S> Ap\u fl°[p° _\u. Ap°Ry>¨ `pZu `uhy¨ [°hy¨ L$l°[p S>
_\u. `f¨[y kp\p°kp\ A° `Z kdS>hy¨ Ar[ AphÌeL$ R>° L°$ h^y `pZu `uhy¨ `Z kpͨ$
_\u bÎL°$ _yL$ip_L$pfL$ R>°. Ap hp[ Mpk kdΔ g°hu S>Í$fu R>°. L$pfZ L°$ h^y `pZu
`uhp\u ape]$p S> ape]$p R>° [°hp° kdpS>dp¨ khÆ” øepg ‚h[w f¸p° R>°. S>°_y¨ ku^y¨
M¨X$_ L$fhy¨ M|b S> dyÌL°$g R>°. Ap\u Sy>]$u Sy>]$u fu[° [°_° kdS>hp_u L$p°rij L$fuA°.
22
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12
_pd ≈` kp\° b_php[y¨ cp°S>_ Mhpe R>°. ]$p¨[-dp¢_u [p° A°V$gu L$pmΔ fMpe R>° L°$
ƒepf° ƒepf° `Z L¨$BL$ dp¢dp¨ d|L$pe R>° [p° `pR>m `pR>m S> Oku Oku_° dp¢ V|$\`°ıV$_u
d]$]$\u kpa L$fpe R>°. R>[p¨ `pep°fuep \pe R>°, ]$p¨[ kX°$ R>°, `X°$ R>°, Qp°L$Wy¨$ QX°$ R>°,
Ap¨M° X$pbgp QX°$ R>°, hpm ka°]$ \pe R>°. `ku_p°, pk, dm-d|” b^y¨ S> N¨^pe R>°
A_° ]y$r_epcf_p¨ fp°Np°\u ifuf O°fpe ≈e R>°. Alv Ap`Zu Ap¨M M|gu S>hu ≈°BA°
L°$ dp_huA° L$ep¨ c|g L$fu R>° L°$ [° ApV$gu dp°V$u N¨cuf rbdpfuAp°_p° cp°N b_u Nep°
A_° [° c|g ky^pfu g°hu ≈°BA°. S>° rbdpf _\u A\hp [p° ‚dpZdp¨ Ap°R>p rbdpf R>°
[°_° A_ykfhy¨ ≈°BA°. lpg_p rhop_° [p° b°lpgu _p°[fu S> R>° [p° [°_° r[gp¨S>gu
Ap`hp_u tld[ L°$mhhu ≈°BA° A_° L°$mhhu S> `X$i° [° rkhpe R|>V$L$p° S> _\u A_°
≈° [°d _ L$eyØ [p° lSy> `Z h^y dpW$p `qfZpdp° cp°Nhhp_u [•epfu fpMhu `X$i°.ıhpB_
aÎe} S>°_u `pk° kph hpdZp° ]°$Mpe [°hp dlp ce¨L$f _hp fp°Np°_p° kpd_p° L$fhp°
`X$i°, S>° dpV°$ dp_h≈[ `pk° L$p°B S> BgpS> _lv lp°e; gpQpf b_u Ak¸ ep[_pAp°
cp°Nhu fubpB fubpB_° dfi°. `©’hu _LÆ$dp¨ `gV$pC S>i°. [°dp¨ i¨L$p_° L$p°B ı\p_ S>
_\u. Apd ≈°[p¨ kpQu cp°S>_ ‚Zpgu cNhp_° Ap`°g Mp°fpL$ [°_p [° S> ıhÍ$`° g°hp°
A° R>°. fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$ L°$ ]|$^ [°dS> ]|$^_u b_phV$ [°dS dp≠kplp2 _ Mphp ≈°BA°. Ap
hp[ L$p°B_° `Z lfNuS> ıhuL$peÆ _lv fl° [° `Z A°V$gy¨ S> kpQy¨ R>°.
Ap\u d¬ed dpNÆ ip°^hp° f¸p°. S>°\u ]|$^ A_° ]|$^_u b_phV$p° [°dS> fp¨^°g
Aplpf `Z gB iL$pe [°d R>[p¨ rbdpf _ `X$pe. Ap\u [X$≈°X$ L$fu_° _hu kp•_°
A_yL|$m Aph° [°hu cp°S>_ ‚\p Ap dyS>b rhL$kph°g R>° :-
khpf° DW$u_° Ap°R>pdp¨ Ap°R>p R> L$gpL$ ky^u `°V$dp¨ `pZu `Z `^fphhy¨ _lv -
_ L¨$B S> Mphy¨ L°$ _ L¨$B S> `uhy¨. D`hpk_° D—d NZhp°.
b`p°f° "L$pQy¨ [° kpQy¨' NZu_° cNhp_° S>° L¨$B cpΔ-`p_, am-a}g, ipL$ hN°f°
Ap`°g R>° [° b^y¨ S> fp¨¬ep hNf_y¨ L$pQ° L$pQy¨ Mphy¨. S>Í$f S>Zpe [p° fk L$pY$u_° `uhpe L°$
`uku_° QV$Zu S>°hy¨ b_phu_° `Z Mhpe. dkpgp\u ıhpq]$Ù$ `Z b_phpe.
fp”° fp¨^°g L$p°B`Z hı[y Mhpe. S>°d L°$ ]$pm-cp[, MuQX$u-L$Y$u, fp°V$gu-
fp°V$gp, ipL$-cpΔ, ]|$^, Ou, duW$pB, A\pZp, `p`X$ S>° L¨$B B√R>p \pe [°. `f¨[y [°dp¨
60% \u h^y ipL$cpΔ_y¨ ‚dpZ fpMhy¨ A_° 40% \u Ap°R>pdp¨ bpL$u_y¨ b^y¨ Mphy¨.
A_pS> Ap°Ry>¨, h_ı`r[ h^y.
21
 V|¨$L$dp¨, ‚cy L©$`p\u dpͨ$ [p° ”uSy>¨ _°” S> M|gu Ney¨ R>° [°hy¨ d_° gpN° A_yæ$drZL$p
R>°; L$pfZ L°$ Akp¬e d_p[p kp• Lp°C _p fp°Np° S>°hp L°$ X$pepbuV$uk, ]$d, dpBN∞°B_, i¨L$p rhN[ `p._¨ .
bu.`u., hp, kp¨^p_p ]y$:Mphp, V$u.bu A_° L°$fikf ky¬^p NZ[fu_p q]$hkp°dp¨
01 lpg_u cp°S>_ ‚\pdp¨ iy¨ Mpdu R>° ? 18
dV$ep. bpe`pk kS>Æfu L°$ Afie Ap°`f°i_p° L$fphhp_u S>Í$f _ `X$u. S>°_p dpV°$
S>N[ ApMy¨ tQr[[ R>° [° Alv klS> ıhpcprhL$ A_° kfm S>Zpey¨. dp_p° L°$ 02 _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p R>° iy¨ ? 20
≈]y$B rQfpN S> lp\ gpNu Nep°. 03 `pZu Ap°Ry>¨ ip dpV°$ `uhy¨ ? 22
bk Ap S> L$pfZ R>° L°$ lz¨ _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p_p° ApN∞l fpMhp gp¡ep°. 04 khpf_y¨ `pZu kapBL$pfL$ _\u ? 28
05 `pZu_u `epÆ· dp”p iu fu[° _L$L$u \pe ? 30
i¨L$p : 2 06 Ap°Ry>¨ `pZu `uhp\u `\fu _ \pe ? 31
_hu cp°S>_ ‚\p R>° iy¨ ? 07 D_pmpdp¨ [°dS> dykpafudp¨ h^y `pZu _ `uhy¨ `X°$ ? 32
kdp^p_ : 08 ‰uT_y¨ L°$ dpV$gp_y¨ L$ey¨ `pZu kpͨ$ ? 33
Óu L©$ÛZ cNph_ S>epf° ASy>Æ__° Nu[pop_ Ap`° R>° –epf° L$l° R>° L°$ Ap
09 qaÎV$XÆ$, du_fg L°$ hfkp]$u - L$ey¨ `pZu kpͨ$ ? 33
`yfp[_ ep°N `l°gp¨ d¢ k|eÆ_° L$l°g k|eÆA° d_y_° A_° d_yA° BˇhpLπ$_° L$l°g A_° L$pm°
10 W¨$X$p `uZp `uhp kpfp L°$ _lv ? 34
æ$d° [° _Ù$ \B Nep° R>°. Ar[ `yfpZp° lp°hp R>[p¨ `Z [pfp dpV°$ [° _hp° R>°.
Ap S> fu[° _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p A° Mf°Mf Ar[ `yfpZu R>°. `f¨[y L$pmæ$d° _Ù$ 11 ı_p_ L°$V$gu hM[ L$fhy¨ S>Í$fu R>° ? W¨$X$p L°$ Nfd `pZu\u ? 34
\B NB R>° / rhL©$[ \B NB R>°. S>°\u lpg_p kde dpV°$ [° _hu L$lu iL$pe. 12 A°r_dp_u Ah°Δdp¨ f°QL$ ÷Ïe Qpg° ? 35
Mf°Mf kpQu cp°S>_ ‚\p [p° A° R>° L°$ cNhp_° dp_h ]°$l_u fQ_p ipL$plpfu 13 cpΔ-`p_-V$d°V$p\u `\fu \pe ? 36
b_ph°g R>° S>°\u ipL$plpf S> L$fpe. d[gb L°$ h_ı`r[ S>N[ [° dp_h S>N[_p° 14 fp¨^°g cp°S>_ fp[_p b]$g° b`p°f° gBA° [p° ? 37
Aplpf R>°. ]|$^ h_ı`r[S>fie _\u [° `iyS>fie lp°hp\u ]|$^ L°$ [°_u b_phV$p° _ Mhpe 15 khpf, b`p°f, kp¨S>_u cp°S>_‚\p_u kgpl A¨N° dp_hy¨ L$p°_y¨ ? 38
A_° k|eÆ_u Nfdudp¨ `L$hu_° [•epf L$f°g h_ı`r[ A° Mp°fpL$ cNhp_° Ap`Z° dpV°$
16 ‚k¨Np°`p[ b`p°f° fp¨^°g S>dhy¨ `X°$ [p° ? 41
Ap`°g R>°. S>°\u [°_° Q|g° QY$phu cNhp_° Ap`Zp dpV°$ Ap`°g fk-L$k L°$ k–h-
[–h bpmu_° cıd L$fu_° _ Mhpe. Apd, Ap`Zp° kpQp° Aplpf dp” A_° dp” 17 `p_ L$ep L$ep Mhpe ? L$pQy¨ iy¨ Mphy¨ ? fp¨^°g L$ey¨ kpͨ$ ? 42
h_ı`r[ A_° [° `Z cNhp_° S>° ıhÍ$`° Ap‡ey¨ [° S> ıhÍ$`° g°hphp° ≈°BA°. 18 fp¨^°g\u L$pQp `f A°L$pA°L$ L°$d Aphhy¨ ? 44
dp_h°[f ipL$plpfu ‚pZu gB fl°g R>° A_° dpV°$ S> [° Np˛ep hNf_y¨ _]$u-_pmp L°$ 19 c|øep S> _ fl°hpe [p° iy¨ L$fhy¨ ? 45
Mpbp°Quep_y¨ N¨]y$ `pZu `u[y¨ lp°hp R>[p¨ [°dS> N¨]y$ Mp[y¨ lp°hp R>[p¨ (dpV$u [°dS> 20 L$pQy¨ L$Q|¨bf cph[y¨ _\u [p° iy¨ L$fhy¨ ? 47
Afie ΔhS>¨[yAp° krl[_y¨ kpa L$epÆ hNf_y¨ S>), V|$\`°ıV$ L°$ ]$p[Z _ L$f[p lp°hp 21 iy¨ _hfp”u D`hpk S>Í$fu S> R>° ? 48
R>[p¨ [° Ap`Zu kfMpdZudp¨ M|b S> r_fp°Nu R>°. [°_° `pep°fuep \[p° _\u,
22 X$pepbuV$ukhpmp D`hpk L$fu iL°$ ? 50
]$p¨[ kX$[p _\u, `X$[p _\u, dp¢dp¨\u, `ku_pdp¨\u, pkdp¨\u, dm-d|”dp¨\u
]y$NØ^ Aph[u _\u. S>epf° Ap`Z° iyŸ/ıh√R> Npm°gy¨ L°$ du_fg hp°V$f (S>° ]|$^_p 23 √lp / L$p°au `uhpdp¨ ip° hp¨^p° ? 53
cph° `X°$ R>°) `uBA° R>uA°, iyŸ-kps–hL$ cp°S>_ A_° OZu S>¡epA° [p° cNhp__p¨ 24 kNcpÆ [\p ı[_`p_ L$fph[u ˜u dpV°$ cp°S>_ ‚\p L°$hu ≈°BA° ? 53
25 dp°S>-ip°M dpV°$ cp°S>_. 55
20 13
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26 _ufp°Nu fl°hp L$kf[, ep°Npk_, ‚pZpepd S>Í$fu Mfp ? 56 R>° S>°\u L$p°B_p° `Z Arc‚pe g°hp° A\Ælu_ l[p°. S>epf° []π$_ rhfp°^pcpku b° rk¬^p¨[p°
27 Ap°Ry>¨ Mphp\u _ufp°Nu _ flu iL$pe ? 59 `p°[° S> kpQp R>° [°hu ◊Y$[p\u Dcp R>°. _Ω$u dpf° S> L$fhp_y¨ l[y¨ L°$ L$p°_° dpfie[p
28 JHG JW[ BZM ? 62 Ap`hu ? M|b S> d_p°d¨\_ QpÎey¨. ≈Z° L°$ ]°$h-]$p_h_y¨ kdy÷d¨\_ ! L$p°B A°L$ r_ZÆe
Z) V[,Ò"GM X]\ p5FI m &# `f Aphhy¨ k¨crh[ S> _ l[y¨. –epf° A¨]$f\u AhpS> ApÏep° L°$ ‚ep°N L$f ! "]|$^_y¨ ]|$^
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47 hjÆ_p° M|]$_p° l[p° A_° h¨i `f¨`fpN[ kdpS>_p° _S>f kdn S> l[p°. Ap\u lh°
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5! VF\B OZTF SF/F S]\0F/FGM .,FH BZM m ** iL$pe [°d _\u. gpN° R>° L°$ Ap Δh_dp¨ S> ‚cy ‚pr· \B NB R>°.
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lpg_u cp°S>_‚\pdp¨ iy¨ Mpdu R>° L°$ [dp° _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p_p° ApN∞l 5$ SFGGL AC[ZFX HFI m **
fpMp° R>p° ? 55 5[ZF,L;L;DF\ ;]3FZM YFI m *(
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5& lGjI";GYL GLZMUL ZC[JFI m *)
lpg_u cp°S>_ ‚\p d¢ dpfp Δh__p iÍ$Ap[_p¨ Ad|Îe L$l°hpe [°hp 47
hjÆ ky^u A`_phu. dpͨ$ bQ`Z M|b S> rbdpfuAp°hpmy¨ f¸y¨. rbdpfuAp°\u bQhp/ 5* TF;LZ AN,L XS[ m (_
rbdpfuAp° ]|$f L$fhp A_°L$rh^ ‚e–_p° L$epÆ. M|b S> L$kf[p° L$fu, ep°Npk_, ‚pZpepd, 5( GFD v HF5 YL ZMU D8[ m (!
f°BL$u, `pZu`\u, rihpÁby \°fp`u, L©$r”d lpıe hN°f°_p° klpfp° gu^p°. `Z ^pep£ 59 ›ep_\u fp°N ≈e ? 82
ape]$p° dm[p° _ l[p°. eyhp_udp¨ S> OX$`Z Ap¨bu Ney¨. AL$pm° hpm ka°]$ \B Nep. 60 ‚pZpepd\u fp°N dV°$ ? 83
Ap¨M° QÌdp ApÏep, L$p_° k¨cmp[y¨ Ap°Ry>¨ \ey¨. \pL$, b°Q°_u, dp\p_p° ]y$:Mphp°,
QpdX$u_p fp°Np°, F>[y `qfh[Æ__u Akf, hpf¨hpf d°g°fuep \B Aphhp°, if]$u-D^fk 61 `pqLÆ$fik_ dV°$ ? 83
`uR>p° R>p°X°$ _lv. A°gp°`°\uL$, Apeyh£]$_u ]$hpAp°_u kp\° ]|$^ `u^y¨ - Ou_p° Mp°fpL$ 62 Mphp-`uhp-JOhp_p° dp`]¨$X$ ip° ? 85
fpøep°. √lp [p° bQ`Z\u QpMu S> _\u [°dS> `p_-buX$u [dpLy$ S>°hp kpdpfie\u 63 r”k|”u kp^_p_u iÍ$Ap[ iu fu[° L$fhu ? 86
dp¨X$u_° L$p°B`Z ‚L$pf_y¨ Ïek_ L$epf°e `Z L$eyØ _\u. h^ydp¨ b≈Í$ Mp°fpL$ Δ¨]$Nucf 64 r”k|”u kp^_p_p rh¬_p° L$ep ? [° ]|$f L°$d L$fhp ? 86
Mp^p° _\u A°V$gy¨ [p° W$uL$ `Z L$p°B_p lp\_y¨ `pfL$p Of_y¨ cp°S>_ `Z _ g°[p°. Xy¨$Nmu,
65 r”k|”u kp^_p_° Jdf kp\° k¨b¨^ Mfp° ? 89
gkZ `Z _ Mp[p°. iyŸ A_° kps–hL$ NZp[p° Aplpf S> Δh_cf gu^p°. Apd R>[p¨
rbdpfu `uR>p° R>p°X$[u _ l[u A_° h^[u S>[u l[u. ≈° L°$ kdpS>dp¨ Qpf° bpSy> _S>f 66 eyhp_p°A° r”k|”u kp^_p A`_phhu S>Í$fu Mfu ? 90
L$fhp\u dpfp\u `Z Mfpb lpg[hpmp gp°L$p° dp°V$p cpN° ]$f°L$ S>¡epA° ]°$Mp[p, S>°\u 67 ÓrdL$ `Z r”k|”u kp^_p A`_phu iL°$ ? 92
\p°Xy¨$ kp¨–h_ Qp°Ω$k dm[y¨. `f¨[y dp_h≈[_° R>p°X$u_° Afie Δhp° ‚dpZdp¨ M|b S> 68 Nfub gp°L$p° iu fu[° r”k|”u kp^_p_p° Adg L$fu iL°$ ? 93
r_fp°Nu S>Zp[p. Ap\u d_dp¨ k[[ r_fp°Nu fl°hp_u T¨M_p Qpgy S> fl°[u. S>°\u 69 M|b S> ]$p°X$-^pd L$f_pf r”k|”u kp^_p L$fu iL°$ ? 93
k¨ip°^_p° Qpgy fl°[p, S>°\u cNhp_ [fa\u dpNÆ]$iÆ_ A_° d]$]$ k[[ dm[p fl°[p
70 `–_u kp^_p_p° L°$d rhfp°^ L$f° R>° ? 94
A_° A°L$ [bΩ$p° A°hp° ApÏep° S>epf° d_ dy¨TpB Ney¨, byqŸ b°f dpfu NB, rQ— Qæ$ph°
QX$ey¨. rhop_ rh`fu[ / rhL©$[ A_° rh_piL$pfu S>Zphp gp¡ey¨. S>° L¨$B kpQy¨ A_° 71 kp^_p L°$V$gp° kde L$fhu ? 95
kpͨ$ dp_[p l[p [° S> Mp°Vy¨$ A_° Mfpb S>Zphp gp¡ey¨. Aph° hM[° A° _Ω$u L$fhy¨ 72 kp^_p_u Ah°Δdp¨ Ly$]$f[u D`Qpf L$fuA° [p° ? 95
dyÌL°$g l[y¨ L°$ kpQy¨ iy¨ ? Ap`Z° Dcy¨ L$f°g rhop_ S>°dp¨ ]|$^_° k¨`|ZÆ Aplpf [\p ]|$^, 73 [`-k°hp-kyrdf__p¨ rkŸp¨[p° ‚Qrg[ rQqL$–kp `Ÿr[\u
Ou, k|L$p d°hp hN°f°_° isº[]$peL$ dp_hpdp¨ Aph° R>° [°dS> fp¨^°g cp°S>_ ky`p√e
qhfp°^pcpku L°$d R>° ? 95
[°dS> L°$g°fueyº[ NZhpdp¨ Aph° R>° [°dS> fp¨^°g A_pS> A_° L$W$p°mdp¨\u L$pbp£lpBX≤°$V$
dm° R>° S>° ifuf_u D≈Æ dpV°$ AphÌeL$ NZpe R>°. [° kpQy¨ L°$ `R>u S>° ip˜ k¨d[ 74 kp^y-k¨[p°-rhfL$[p°-rQqL$–kL$p° rbdpf L°$d R>° ? 97
rk¬^p¨[ ≈°hpdp¨ ApÏep S>°dp¨ ]|$^ (`pfL$u dp_y¨) T°f A_° fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$ dm kdp_ 75 fpkperZL$ Mp[f A_° S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hpAp°\u b_°g ipL$-cpΔ,
NZhpdp¨ Aph° R>° [° kpQy¨ ? dr[ dy¨TpZu. `|R>hy¨ [p° L$p°_° `|R>hy¨ ? lpg_p am-ampq]$ L$pQ°L$pQp Mphp ≈°Mdu _\u ? 98
18 15
i¨L$p rhN[ `p._¨ . i¨L$p rhN[ `p._¨ .
76 r”k|”u kp^_p\u dp°n ‚pr· \pe Mfu ? 99 96 _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p L$ep¨ ky^u Qpgy fpMhu ? 129
77 L$brS>ep[ dV°$ Mfu ? iu fu[° ? 100 97 Δh_cf L$epf°e IX$p, dp¨k-d√R>u Mp^u _\u. ]|$^-]|$^_u
78 ıhd|” [\p Np•d|” ‚ep°N\u r_fp°Nu flu iL$pe ? 101 b_phV$p° _\u Mphu. fp¨^°gy¨ _\u Mphy¨ [p° L$pQy¨ Mphp\u ip° ape]$p° ? 132
79 r”-k|”u kp^_p R>° iy¨ ? 102 98 L$pQy¨ Mphp\u d°V$pbp°guTd `f L¨$C Akf _ \pe ? 136
80 _hu cp°S>_‚\p\u b∞˚QeÆ h∞[ `f iu Akf \pe ? 104 99 \p°Xy¨$ \p°Xy¨$ `Z hpf¨hpf Mphy¨ [°hu kgpl Ap`hpdp¨ Aph° R>° [°dp¨
81 fp°N _pby]$u dpV°$ lL$pfp–dL$ rhQpf^pfp L°$V$g° A¨i° S>hpb]$pf ? 106 [’e L°$V$gy¨ R>° ? 138
82 hXhpAp° Ou-N}W ZF\W[,]\ BFIG[ ,F\A] ÒJTF 107 100 ˘]$e_u r]$hpg_y¨ L$pœ¨ iu fu[° `yfpe ? 140
83 hS>_ A°V$g° iy¨ ? 109 101 Q•” dpkdp¨ L$X$hp° gudX$p° Mhpe L°$ L°$d ? 142
84 lpX$L$p cp¨¡ep lp°e –epf° L°$Îiued_u DZ` ]|$f L$fhp [p° ]|$^-
102 [¨]y$fı[ _p_p bpmL$p° `Z _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p A`_phu iL°$ ? 144
^u_p° klpfp° g°hp° ≈°CA° _° ? 111
103 lz¨ Ap›eps–dL$ Dfi_r[ T¨My¨ Ry>¨ S>° dpV°$ b∞˚QeÆh∞[ `pmhp_u
85 `pgf `pZu QY°$g L$pQy¨ Mphpdp¨ ip° hp¨^p° ? 114
S>°V$gu h^y L$p°rij L$fy¨ Ry>¨ [°V$gu L$pdp°—°S>_p h^y ‚bm b_° R>°.
86 ifuf_u ‚L©$r[ ([pkuf) A_ykpf L°$hy¨ cp°S>_ g°hy¨ rl[phl R>° ? 115
Apd L°$d ? D`pe ip° ? 145
87 L$`pkuep, ivN L°$ [gdp¨\u i°_y¨ [°g Mphy¨ kpͨ$ ? 116
104 ^prdÆL$ fu[° dpfp\u L¨$]$d|m _ Mhpe. dpf° k|epÆı[ `l°gp¨ S>du
88 ]|$^ L°$hp° Aplpf NZpe ? kps–hL$, fpS>ku L°$ [pdku ? 118
g°hy¨ `X°$ R>°. [p° dpf° _hu cp°S>_‚\p iu fu[° A`_phhu ? 149
89 Aplpf_u kfMpdZu Ap`Z° `iy kp\° L$fhu hpS>bu R>° ? 118
105 _hu cp°S>_‚\p A`_phhp\u hS>_ OV$u Ney¨. b^p `pR>m
90 _hu cp°S>_‚\p A`_ph_pf [dpd kNcpÆ ı”u_° rh_p Ap°`f°i_
`X$u Nep. S>°\u d¢ afu S|>_u cp°S>_‚\p A`_phu gu^u.
‚kyr[ k¨ch R>° Mfu ? 120
91 d°qX$L$g kpefik_p d[° dp_hudp¨ \[p¨ fp°Np°dp¨ "Δ_' dl]$ A¨i° DL°$g iy¨ ? 151
S>hpb]$pf R>° A° bpb[° [dpͨ$ iy¨ dp_hy¨ R>° ? 120 106 L°$fu [\p L°$mp Mphp\u hS>_ h^° ? 153
92 L$ep° Aplpf kpfp° ? f°kphpmp° (apCbf azX$) L°$ fkplpf ? 121 107 D_pmpdp¨ [p° h^pf° `pZu `uhy¨ S> ≈°CA° _° ? 154
93 _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p A`_phhp\u L$epf°e rbdpf `X$pe S> _lv ? 108 ]|$^ _ MpCA° [p° L°$Îiued L$ep¨\u dm° ? X$p∑L$V$fp° blz X$pfh° R>° :
L$ped dpV°$ r_fp°Nu flu iL$pe ? 124 ]|$^ R>p°X$u ]°$ip° [p° L°$Îiued_u DZ`\u A_°L$ ‚L$pf_u ipfuqfL$
94 lpg_u dp°V$p cpN_u h•opr_L$ ip°^Mp°mp° dp¨kplpfuAp°A° L$fu R>°. kdıepAp° \i°. [p° iy¨ L$fhy¨$ ? 155
[p° dp¨kplpf Ó°õ$ Aplpf _ L$l°hpe ? 125 109 _hu cp°S>_‚\p\u kp• kpfp hp_p \C Nep R>°. lh° ifuf dp¨kg
95 Ap kp^_p L$fhp\u bu≈ gp°L$p°_° S>°V$gu kam[p dm° R>°, d_° b_° A_° auNf`kÆ_pguV$uhpmu b_° [°hy¨ L$fhp iy¨ L$fhy¨ ? 160
[°V$gu L°$d _\u dm[u ? 127 110 dp_h]°$l dpV°$ L$X$hpZu L°$V$gp A¨i° S>Í$fu ? 161
16 17
kdp^p_ :
D`fp°L$[ khpg L$f_pf_° S>epf° [°d_u Mphp `uhp_u fu[ fkd `|R>u –epf°
[°dZ° S>Zph°g L°$ :
khpfdp¨ DW$[p_u kp\° S> dp¢ ^p°ep hNf S> √lp 'Bed Tea' `uhu `X°$
_lv [p° k¨X$pk D[f[y¨ _\u. kyı[u S>[u _\u. khpf S> `X$[y¨ _\u. `R>u filpB_°
blpf Aph[p_u kp\° S> cf`°V$ _pı[p° L$fhp° `X°$. `|≈`pW$ `Z `R>u S> \pe.
k¨≈°Np°hkp[ ≈° [°dp¨ \p°Xy¨$ `Z dp°Xy¨$ \pe [p° `–_u_y¨ Aphu S> bfiey¨. `R>u b`p°f°
]$pm - cp[ - ipL$ - fp°V$gu - A\pZp¨ hN°f°_y¨ `|f[y¨ cp°S>_, kp¨S>_p `p¨Q-R> hpN°
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cp°S>_. √lp q]$hk ]$fÁep_ L°$V$gu g°hpe [°_y¨ L$p°B dp` S> _lv. `p¨Q kp[ L$`
Ap°R>pdp¨ Ap°R>p, h^y_u L$p°B depÆ]$p S> _lv. 20-25 L°$ h^y L$` `Z `uhpe ≈e.
S>°hu L¨$`_u. ApV$ApV$gy¨ Mphp R>[p¨e ifuf blpf\u ]°$Mpe `X$R>¨]$ L$pep, `Z kph
Mp°Mgu - L¨$B L$pd L$pS> [p° \B iL°$ _lv. `Z \p°Xy¨$L$ Qpg° –ep¨ \pL$u ≈e, lp¨au ≈e.
A°L$ hM[ d°- 2001 dp¨ Adpfu kp\° [°d_° `phpNY$ Aphhp_y¨ \ey¨ Adpfu kp\°
QY$hp_u tld[ L$fu `Z \p°Xy¨$ `Z _ QY$u iL$[p `pR>p aepÆ S>epf° `¨Qph_ hjÆ_u
Jdf° _p_p bpmL$p°_u kp\° bpmL$_u S>°d S> klS> fu[° \pL$frl[ QY$u_° `pR>p° Aph°gp°
d_° ≈°B_° [°dZ° D`f_p° khpg L$ep£. d¢ [°d_° fpdQqf[ dp_kdp¨\u k¨ip°r^[ [`-
k°hp-kyrdf__u kdS>Z Ap`u. dp” Qpf drl_p bp]$ [°d_p° ‚r[cph d˛ep° S>°
Ap dyS>b_p° l[p° :
buX$u, [dpLy$, √lp_p¨ [dpd Ïek_p° dpfp R|>V$u Nep R>°. [dpd ]$hpAp° b¨^
\B NB R>°. L$p°B S> ‚L$pf_p° fp°N f¸p° _\u. \pL$_y¨ _pd r_ip_ _\u. q]$hk_p 12
\u 14 L$gpL$ Arhf[`Z° L$pd L$ͨ$ Ry>¨. Dcp fl°hy¨ Qpghy¨ L°$ ]$p°X$hy¨ klS> \B Ney¨ R>°.
kp•\u h^y ApÚeÆL$pfL$ OV$_p [p° A° R>° L°$ c|M A_° JO [p° dpfp Nygpd b_u Nep R>°.
S>°_p° Nygpd ApS> ky^u lz¨ l[p°. A°hu JO Aph° R>° L°$ ky[p c°Ny¨ khpf. lL$uL$[° A°L$
bp°bX$p_° [°_u kyM]$ A_yc|r[ hZÆhhp_u L$l°hpdp¨ Aph° [p° [° iu fu[° hZÆhu iL°$ ?
Ap hZÆhu iL$pe [°hu bpb[ S> _\u. ıhp_yc|r[_p° A_°fp° A_ych R>°. S>° L$p°B
fu[° lz¨ L$lu iL$[p° _\u. V|¨$L$dp¨ L$lz¨ [p° Bf° dpfp `f L©$`p L$fu L°$ Ap`_p° k¨N \ep°,
dpͨ$ [p° Δh_ S> `qfhr[Æ[ \B Ney¨. lz¨ ^fie \B Nep°. Ap`_p° Apcpf dp_y¨ [°V$gp°
Ap°R>p° R>°.... hN°f°... hN°f°...
_kL$p°fp bp°gphu_° bu≈Ap°_u JO lfpd L$f_pf_u [°hu [L$guap° `Z ]|$f
\B Nep_p A_°L$ ]$pMgpAp° R>°.
S-2
64
Ap\u blpf\u h^pfp_p `pZu_u M|b S> Ap°R>u S>Í$fuep[ fl° R>°. Ap\u `R>u
dykpafu L$f[p lp°BA° L°$ Ód L$f[p lp°BA° [p° `Z Mpk `pZu_u S>Í$f `X$[u _\u.
[°hp° ipqffuL$ Ód L$f_pf dS|>f A_° M°X|$[p°_p° A_ych R>°. dykpafu Ad° M|b S>
L$fuA° R>uA° A_° Adpf° hui-hui D_pmp `kpf \B Nep. L$epf°e `pZu_u S>Í$f
`X$u S> _\u. Ap\u Aphp° L$p°B X$f fpMhp_u S>Í$f _\u. ifuf_° ≈° L°$mh°g li° [p°
cf D_pmpdp¨ `Z ipqffuL$ Ód L$f[p L$f[p `Z q]$hkp° ky^u `pZu hNf flu iL$pe
R>° S>°\u i¨L$p_° L$p°B ı\p_ _\u. cf D_pmpdp¨ (Q•” _hfp”udp¨) Adp° Qpf-Qpf
q]$hk (kp° L$gpL$\u `Z h^y) r_S>Æmp D`hpk L$fuA° R>uA°, L\pLpf, LgpLpf , L°
rinL ’pu `Z MybS h^y bp°guA° R>uA° R>[p¨ Adp°_° L$p°B ≈[_u [L$gua \[u
_\u.
i≠Lp : 8
W¨$Xy$ `pZu q‰T_y¨ L°$ dpV$gp_y¨ L$ey¨ kpͨ$ ?
kdp^p_ :
ifuf_p DÛZ[pdp_\u h^y W¨$Xy$ L°$ h^y Nfd L$p°B`Z hı[y Mphu L°$ `uhu
rl[phl _\u. DÛZ[pdp__p h^y `X$[p [aph[_° gu^° Thermal Stresses
\dÆg ıV≤°$kuk (DÛZ[pdp__p [aph[_° gu^° k¨L$p°Q_ A_° ‚kfZ_p L$pfZ° D]π$ch[y¨
]$bpZ) ifuf_p Ahehp° `f dpW$u Akf L$f° R>°. Ap\u dpV$gp_y¨ `pZu S>° h^y `X$[y¨
W¨$Xy$ _\u lp°[y¨ dpV°$ kpͨ$ NZpe. ‰uT_y¨ `pZu `Z h^y `X$[y¨ W¨$Xy$ _ lp°e [p° Ap ◊rÙ$A°
hp¨^pS>_L$ _\u.
i≠Lp : 9
A¤[_ V°$L$_p°gp°Δhpmp qaÎV$f diu_\u Npm°g `pZu `uhy¨ kpͨ$ L°$ du_fg
hp°V$f ? L°$ `R>u hfkp]$u `pZu ?
kdp^p_ :
cNhp_ ‹pfp ku^° ku^y¨ A`p[y¨ `pZu A° hfkp]$_y¨ `pZu R>° S>° khp£—d
L$lu iL$pe.Ap\u Aphy¨ `pZu k¨N∞l L$fu_° `uhy¨ kpͨ$ NZpe. hfkp]$_y¨ `pZu _]$u-
_pmp ‹pfp hl_ \[p¨ `l°gp¨ S>du_ `f_u OZu Aiys¬^Ap° Dd°fp[u lp°e R>°. Ap\u
`pZu Npmu_° `uBA° R>uA° –ep¨ ky^u W$uL$ R>°. `f¨[y A¤[_ V°$L$_p°gp°Δ_p _pd° L°$
33
du_fg hp°V$f_p _pd° S>° g|¨V$ Qpg° R>° [° hpS>bu S>Zp[u _\u. ]|$^_p cph° `pZu
h°Qpe R>° A_° Aphy¨ `pZu `uhp\u rbdpfu _ Aph[u lp°e [p° [p° MQÆ L$fhp° lSy> `Z
hpS>bu R>°. `f¨[y [°hy¨ b_[y¨ _\u. DgV$p_y¨ Aphy¨ `pZu `uhp\u ifuf A°V$gy¨ _pSy>L$ /
[L$gp]$u b_u ≈e R>° L°$ `R>u [° kp]y$ `pZu `Qphu iL$[y¨ _\u A_° TpX$p, `°V$dp¨
]y$:Mphp° hN°f°_p riL$pf b_u ≈e R>°. Apd, Aphy¨ dp¢Oy]$pV$ `pZu `uhpdp¨ L$p°B X$lp`Z
lz¨ ≈°[p° _\u. Adp° [p° M|b S> afuA° R>uA°. `Z L$epf°e du_fg hp°V$f_u bp°V$g g°[p
_\u. f°Îh° ıV°$i_° ApdS>_[p dpV°$ D`gÂ^ `pZu_p° S> D`ep°N L$fuA° R>uA°. Ofdp¨
`Z L$p°B`Z ≈[_p qaÎV$f_p° D`ep°N L$f[p _\u. L$`X$p_p kp]$p NmZp\u `pZu
Npmu gBA° R>uA°. `pZu Npmhy¨ [° kpfu bpb[ R>°. `f¨[y [°_u S>° N¨cuf[p dpZk_p
d_dp¨ W$k°gu R>° [° Mp°Vy¨$ R>°. lL$uL$[° Ap`Z° Ap`œ¨ ifuf A°V$gy¨ knd b_phhy¨ ≈°BA°
L°$ _]$u-_pmp-Mpbp°Quep_y¨ `pZu `Z ≈° A°d_y¨ A°d Np˛ep hNf S> `uBA° [p° `Z
[°_u ifuf `f L$p°B S> ‚L$pf_u rh`fu[ Akf \hu _ ≈°BA°. d[gb L°$ bp¸ kapB
D`f h^y `X$[p° cpf _ d|L$[p¨ ifuf_u Ap¨[qfL$ kapB kpfu fu[° L$f[p fl°hy¨ ≈°BA°.
Ap`Zu _S>f kdn S> `iy ep°_u Npe - c¢k - bL$fp - JV$ - Op°X$p - N^°X$p - lp\u
Ap kp• L$ep¨ rd_fg hp°V$f L°$ hfkp]$u `pZu L°$ A¤[_ V°$L$_p°gp°Δhpmp qaÎV$f_u auL$f
L$f° R>° ? R>[p¨ Ap`Zu kfMpdZudp¨ [° kp• kpfp A°hp [¨]y$fı[ R>°. dp_h]°$l `Z
[°V$gp° S> knd b_u iL°$ R>°. ≈° Aplpf_u ep°¡e[p fpM° [p° !
i¨L$p : 10
W¨$X$p `uZp bpb[° Ap`_p° iy¨ Arc‚pe R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
Δ¨]$Nucf d¢ W¨$X$p `uZp `u^p _\u, [°dS> Adpfp Ofdp¨ W¨$X$p `uZp_° ‚h°ihp
]$u^p _\u. Ap D`f\u S> dpfp° Arc‚pe Ap`_° øepg Aphu S>i°. W¨$X$p `uZp
`uhp_u B√R>p S> Mf°Mf _lv \pe. [°_u L$p°B S> S>Í$fuep[ _\u. Apd R>[p¨ `uhp S>
lp°e [p° gvby ifb[, hfuepmu_y¨ ifb[, i°fX$u_p° fk, ]|$^u_p° fk, `pgM_p° fk,
NpS>f_p° fk, buV$_p° fk, rbgp_y¨ ifb[, L°$fu_p° bpagp° hN°f° A_°L$rh^ W¨$X$p `uZpAp°
O°f S> b_phu iL$pe R>°. ≈° ep°¡e Aplpf `¬^r[ A`_ph°g li° [p° W¨$X$p `uZp_u
S>Í$f S> Dcu _lv \pe, B√R>p S> _lv \pe. Apd R>[p¨ L$epf°L$ B√R>p \B Aph° [p°
D`f S>ZpÏep dyS>b_p rl[L$f `uZpAp° b_phu iL$pe.
i≠Lp : 11
ı_p_ q]$hkdp¨ L°$V$gu hM[ L$fhy¨ ≈°BA° ? [° W¨$X$p `pZu\u L°$ Nfd `pZu\u ?
34
Ap fu[° _ h[w_° L$kde°, S>Í$f\u h^y MpB_° Ap`Z° Ap`Zu rkıV$d Mp°fhu
_pMu R>°. S>°\u [°_° afu kyÏehsı\[ L$fhp dpV°$ D`hpk L$fhp_u S>Í$f `X°$ R>°.
L$pfZ L°$ D`hpk\u ifuf_u A¨]$f_p° dm _uL$mu ≈e R>° A_° `pQ_ [¨” afu
kyÏehsı\[ \pe R>°. Ap¨[fX$pAp°_u ip°jZ nd[p S>° gy· \B NB l[u [°
lh° afu ≈N©[ \pe R>° A_° Mp°fpL$dp¨\u `p°jZ_y¨ [–h ip°ju iL°$ R>° A_° [°_°
gp° l u lpX$ dp¨ k dp¨ Í$ ` p¨ [ qf[ L$ f u iL° $ R>° . Ap\u lh° Mp° f pL$ _ p¨ h^-OV$ _ p
‚dpZdp¨ hS>_ h^-OV$ \B iL$hy¨ ıhpcprhL$ b_u ≈e R>°. `f¨[y Mpk øepg fl°
L°$ ApNm S>ZpÏep dyS>b ep°¡e fu[° Mp°fpL$ g°hp° AphÌeL$ R>°. Ap bpb[ Ap
fu[° `Z kdΔ iL$pe :-
ky[fpD L$p`X$, Í$, hp]$mu hN°f° ıhpcprhL$ S> `pZu Q|k° R>° `Z ≈°
[° Ou-[°g S>°hp rQL$Zp `]$p\p£\u cfpe°g li° [p° [°_u `pZu Q|khp_u nd[p
gy· \B ≈e R>°. Ap\u [° rQL$Zp `]$p\p£ L$pY$hp dpV°$ [°_° Nfd `pZudp¨ fpMhp
`X°$. [° rQL$pi _uL$mu ≈e [p° afu `pRy>¨ `pZu Q|khp_u nd[p Aphu ≈e.
D`hpk L$fhp\u Ap S> fu[° Ap¨[fX$p kpa \B_° Q|khp_u nd[p ‚p· L$fu g°
R>°. S>°\u hS>_ h^hp dp¨X°$ R>°. JHG JwIFGF VG[S lS:;FVM K[P
i≠Lp : 29
d_° OZu OZu hı[y_u A°gΔÆ R>°. lz¨ ``•ey¨, bpS>fu MpJ [p° Nfd `X°$ R>°.
ku[pam, ]$lv hN°f° W¨$Xy$ `X°$ R>°. MV$pi [p° MpB iL$p[u _\u. [°_p° L$p°B D`pe Mfp°?
kdp^p_ :
L$p°B`Z hı[y Mphp\u L¨$B `Z rh`fu[ `qfZpd Aph° A_° _ Mphp\u
bm[fp, Aisº[, QΩ$f Aphhp, Nyıkp° Aphhp°, lp\-`N `pZu-`pZu \B S>hp
hN°f° ‚L$pf_u L$p°B`Z rh`fu[ Akf hf[pe [° b[ph° R>° L°$ ifuf_u A¨]$f Ar^L$
dp”pdp¨ dm S>dp \e°g R>°. ≈° [° dm ifufdp¨\u _uL$mu S>i° [p° Ap b^u S> [L$guap°
Ap`p°Ap` ]|$f \B S>i°. Ap dpV°$ rhi°j ≈ZL$pfu A\£ g°ML$_y¨ `yı[L$ ""_hu
cp°S>_‚\p - hp¨Qhp kgpl R>°.DFZL 5ltGGL4B]N DFZL4 DM8FEF. T[DH VgI
S[8,FIGL CF,T VFJL CTL H[ ;]WZL U. K[P
i≠Lp : 30
d_° A°.ku.X$u.V$u., X$pepbuV$uk, bu.`u., kp¨^p_p° ]y$:Mphp° [\p lp¨a / pk_u
[L$gua R>° S>° ]$hp_p klpf° klu gD Ry>¨. ]$hp_p° X$p°T q]$hk° q]$hk° h^[p° ≈e R>°. R>[p¨
[° lSy> dpf° dpV°$ k¸ R>°. `f¨[y Nd° [°V$gu ]$hp g°hp R>[p¨ e d_° JO Aph[u _\u. M|b
S> Aisº[ gpN° R>°. dpͨ$ ifuf lpg[y¨ Qpg[y¨ lpX$`vS>f dp” R>°. \pe R>° L°$ Ap–dl–ep
L$fu Δh__p° A¨[ gphu ]$J.
63 61
ky^u L$iy¨ S> _ g°hp\u ]•$r_L$ kapB \ep L$f° R>°. Apd R>[p¨ S>°d ]$f°L$ e¨”_° kdep¨[f°
khuÆkvN_u S>Í$f R>° A_° \p°X$p gp¨bp Npm° Ap°hf lp°gvN_u S>Í$f fl° R>°. [° S> fu[°
Ap`Zp¨ ifuf e¨”_° khwkvN dpV°$ kp·prlL$ L°$ `MhpX$uL$ D`hpk_y¨ ‚ep°S>_ Ap`Zp¨
ip˜p°A° L$f°g S> R>°. [°dS> F>[y k¨¬ep kde° _hfp”u_p¨ D`hpk\u ifuf_p¨ Ap°hf
lp°gvN_u ≈°NhpB `Z ip˜p°A° Ap`°g S> R>°. Ap`Z° [°_° kpQu fu[° kdS>hp_u
A_° A`_phhp_u S>Í$f R>°. "D`hpk' DF8[GL JW] ;DH DF8[ ,[BSG]\ VgI ;FlCtI
HM. HJ]P
Apd, dp” Ap°Ry>¨ Mphy¨ [° ‚epÆ· _\u, `f¨[y ep°¡e kde°, ep°¡e ‚L$pf_y¨ A_°
ep°¡e ‚dpZdp¨ Mphy¨ [° Ar[ AphÌeL$ R>°.
i≠Lp : 28
d¢ kp¨c˛ey¨ R>° L°$ fpdQqf[ dp_kdp¨ S>Zph°g r”k|”u kp^_p\u ifuf_y¨ hS>_
kfm[p\u OV$u iL°$ R>°. `Z dpf° [p° hS>_ h^pfhy¨ R>° [p° [°_p° Ap kp^_pdp¨ L$p°B D`pe
Mfp° ? lz¨ M|b S> ‚dpZdp¨ Ou-]|$^ hN°f° `p•rÙ$L$ Mp°fpL$ gJ Ry>¨ R>[p¨ hS>_ h^[p° S>
_\u. dpfu Jdf 40 hjÆ R>°. JQpB `p¨Q a}V$ `|fu R>°. `Z hS>_ 32 qL$.N∞p. R>°.
kdp^p_ :
fpdQqf[ dp_kdp¨ hrZÆ[ r”k|”u kp^_p - [` - k°hp - kyrdf_dp¨ "[`'
A° ifuf_p¨ ı[f `f_u kp^_p R>°. ifuf_y¨ h^pf° `X$[y¨ hS>_ lp°e [° `Z fp°N NZpe.
([° S> fu[° Ap°Ry>¨ hS>_ lp°hy¨ [° `Z fp°N NZpe.) fpdQqf[ dp_k A_ykpf "cp°S>_dp¨
hS>_ R>° isº[ _lv.' Ap\u h^y cp°S>_ g°hp\u hS>_ h^hy¨ ≈°BA° [° ıhpcprhL$
R>°. `f¨[y ‚ÒL$[pÆ_y¨ hS>_ h^y `X$[p° Mp°fpL$ [°dS> `p•rÙ$L$ Mp°fpL$ g°hp R>[p¨ hS>_
h^[y¨ _\u. S>° k|Qh° R>° L°$ rkıV$ddp¨ L¨$BL$ Mpdu R>°. S>°_° Ïehsı\[ b_phhpdp¨
Aph° [p° Ap`p°Ap` Mp°fpL$_p¨ ‚dpZdp¨ hS>_ h^-OV$ \B iL°$. Ap\u ifuf-]°$l_u
rkıV$d kdS>hu S>Í$fu R>°.
Ap`œ¨ ifuf `p¨Q [–hp°_y¨ b_°gy¨ R>°.
rR>r[, S>g, `phL$, NN_, kdufp $&
`¨Q frQ[ el A^d kfufp $&&
`©’hu, S>m, Arî, hpey A_° ApL$pi A° `p¨Q [–hp°\u Ap`œ¨ ifuf
b_°g R>°. S>°\u [°_p° Okpfp° `Z [° S> `p¨Q [–hp°\u `|fu iL$pe. [° [–hp° A_yæ$d°
A_pS>, ipL$, am, gugp `p_dp¨\u dm° R>°. [°dS> ApL$pi [–h _ Mphp_y¨ [–h
A°V$g° L°$ D`hpk_y¨ / L$iy¨ S> _ g°hp_y¨ [–h R>°. Ap `p¨Q°e [–hp° lgL$p\u cpf°_p¨
æ$ddp¨ g°hp S>Í$fu R>°.
62
kdp^p_ :
ı_p_ L$fhp `pR>m_p° kp•_p° l°[y lp°e R>° L°$ [°_p\u _ufp°Nu fl°hpe, QpdX$u_p
fp°Np° _ \pe. ≈° Ap øepg\u S> ı_p_ L$f[p lp° [p° ı_p_ L$epf°e `Z L$fhy¨ S>Í$fu
_\u. dp_h°[f ep°_u ı_p_ _ L$f[u lp°hp R>[p¨ _ufp°Nu R>° A_° dpZk≈[ ı_p_
L$fhp R>[p¨ fp°NuÙ$ R>°.
ı_p_ L$fhp\u QpdX$u_p rR>÷p°dp¨\u _uL$m°g npf kpa \pe R>°, rR>÷p° M|âp
\pe R>°. Ap\u [pS>Nu hf[pe R>°. ı_p_ L$fhp\u kpͨ$ gpN° R>° Ap\u S>epf° S>epf°
B√R>p \pe A_° A_yL|$m[p lp°e, –epf° –epf° ı_p_ L$fhy¨ kpͨ$ R>° `Z [°_p\u _ufp°Nu
fl°hpi° [° øepg Mp°V$p° R>°. ı_p_ A° ifuf_u bp¸ kapB R>°. kapB kpfu S> R>° dpV°$
ı_p_ kpͨ$ S> R>°. `f¨[y ifuf_u A¨]$f dm cf°g R>° [° S>ep¨ ky^u _lv kpa \pe A_°
ı_p_ q]$hkdp¨ ]$i-]$i hM[ L$fuiy¨ [p° `Z [°_p\u ape]$p° \hp_p° _\u. [°_p\u
DgVy¨$ ifuf_u A¨]$f_p° dm kpa L$fu _pMp°, _hp° dm S>dp _ \hp ]$p° A_° L$epf°e
ı_p_ _lv L$fp° R>[p¨ `Z _ufp°Nu fl°hpi°, `ku_p_u ]y$NØ^ _lv Aph°, QpdX$u_p fp°Np°
_lv \pe. kpQu hp[ / d|m hp[ `L$X$hp_u S>Í$f R>°. Ap`Z° [° `L$X$[p _\u A_°
[°_u rkhpe A_°L$ S>¡epA° ap¨ap dpepÆ L$fuA° R>uA°, auap Mp¨X$uA° R>uA°, Y|¨$lp
^p°L$phuA° R>uA°, f°[udp¨\u [°g L$pY$hp d\uA° R>uA°. A\hp [p° L$lp° d|mdp¨ `pZu _
`p[p `p¨]$X$p `php_u dyMpÆB L$fu f¸p¨ R>uA°.
lh° flu hp[ W¨$X$p L°$ Nfd `pZu\u _lphp_u. Ap`Z° ≈°ey¨ [°d ≈° ep°¡e
Aplpf `¬^r[ A`_phpe [p° _lphp_u S> S>Í$f _\u. S>°\u W¨$X$p L°$ Nfd `pZu_p° S>
R>°]$ DX$u ≈e R>°. Apd R>[p¨ `k¨]$Nu_p° khpg R>° –epf° W¨$X$p A_° Nfd_p b]$g° Ly$]$f[u
`pZu\u ı_p_ L$fhy¨ h^pf° rl[phl R>° A°V$g° L°$ _lv W¨$Xy$ L°$ _lv Nfd - ifuf_p¨
[p`dp_ S>°V$gp [p`dp_hpmp `pZu\u _lphp\u "\dÆg ıV≤°$kuk' _lv gpN°.
lh° W¨$X$p A_° Nfddp¨\u S> `k¨]$Nu_p° khpg lp°e, –epf° W¨$Xy$ `pZu h^y kpͨ$.
[°_p\u QpdX$u_ÿ DÛZ[pdp_ OV$i°. A¨]$f_ÿ ifuf_ÿ DÛZ[pdp_ h^y li° Ap\u `ku_p°
blpf _uL$mi°, kpfu kapB \i° S>°\u h^y [pS>Nu A_ychpi°. hmu QpdX$u gbX$u
_lv `X°$, L$fQguAp° _lv `X°$ S>°\u QpdX$udp¨ QdL$ h[pÆi°.
i≠Lp : 12
rld°S>, q]$h°g S>°hy¨ f°QL$ ÷Ïe gB gBA° [p° A°r_dp_u S>Í$f Mfu ?
kdp^p_ :
f°QL$ ÷Ïep°\u Ap¨[fX$p_u ApX$L$[fu kapB \pe R>°. S>epf° A°r_dp_p ‚ep°Ndp¨
g°hp[p `pZu ‹pfp ku^u kapB \pe R>°. f°Q g°hp\u Aisº[ hf[pe R>°.
35
A°r_dp g°hp\u isº[, ıa}r[Æ, [pS>Nu_p° A_ych \pe R>°. f°QL$ `]$p\Æ\u
Nd° –epf° f°Q gpN° R>° A_° OZu hM[ k¨X$pk S>hy¨ `X°$ R>° S>° ANhX$ceyØ
kprb[ \pe R>°. A°r_dp g°hp\u [° S> hM[° Ap¨[f_u kapB \B ≈e R>° - `pR>m\u
L$p°B [L$gua \[u _\u. A°r_dp r_]$p£j R>°. dp¢dp¨ `pZu gB_° L$p°Nmp L$f[p lp°BA°
[°hy¨ S> klS> R>°.
i≠Lp : 13
cpΔ-`p_-V$d°V$p hN°f° Mphp\u `\fu \pe R>° [° hp[ iy¨ kpQu R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
Aphu khÆ kpdpfie dpfie[p lpg_p rhop_ (rh_piL$pfu A_° rhL©$[ op_)_p
Ap^pf° kdpS>dp¨ ‚Qrg[ R>°.
cpΔ-`p_\u S> ≈° `\fu \[u lp°e, [p° dp” cpΔ `p_ S> Mpe [°_u iy¨
lpg[ \pe ? [°_° [p° `\fu_u S>¡epA° `\fp L°$ Xy¨$Nfp \B S>hp ≈°BA° _° ? `iy
S>N[_p° Aplpf dyøe–h° cpΔ-`p_ S> R>°. S>° Ap`Z° kp• ≈ZuA° R>uA°. R>[p¨ [°_°
`\fu \[u _\u [° `Z k–e lL$uL$[ R>°. S>epf° Ap`Zp cp°S>_dp¨ cpΔ `p__y¨
‚dpZ L°$V$gy¨ ? A_° R>[p¨ `\fu \pe R>°. kpQu hp[ ≈Zhp_u S>Í$f R>°. [\p L$r\[
L$`p°m L$sÎ`[ dpfie[pAp°_° klpf° Qpguiy¨ [p° lpg[ Mfpb R>° A_° Mfpb fl°i°.
A°V$gy¨ S> _lv lSy> h^y Mfpb \i° [° r_rÚ[ R>°. dpV°$ kdekf ≈Nu S>hp_u S>Í$f R>°.
Ap`Z° S> Ap`Zp fp°Np° lV$phhp_p R>°. Ap`Zp° D¬^pf Ap`Z° S> L$fu iL$uiy¨.
L$p°B_p `f Ap^pqf[ _ fluA°. ≈[ `f ‚ep°Np° ≈°Md DW$phu_° `Z L$fuA°. kpdpfie
h°`pf-^¨^pdp¨ `Z ≈°Md DW$phhy¨ `X$[y¨ lp°e R>°. [p° Ap [p° Ad|Îe A°hp dp_h]°$l
dpV°$_u hp[ R>°. S>°\u Nd° [°hp ≈°Md DW$ph[p `Z X$fhy¨ _ ≈°BA°. "tld[° d]$pÆ [p°
d]$]°$ My]$p'. "ep lp°d L$fu_° `X$p° a[°l R>° ApN°.' L¨$BL$ d°mhhy¨ li° [p° L¨$BL$ Nydphhp_u
[•epfu `Z fpMhu S> `X$i°.
d¢ R>°âp hui hjÆ\u dyøe–h° cpΔ `p_ A_° [° `Z L$pQ° L$pQp fp¨¬ep hNf_p
Mp^p R>°. V$d°V$p_p° `Z cf`|f D`ep°N L$f°g R>°. kuT_dp¨ S>epf° V$d°V$p `p°[p_p S>
M°[fdp¨ \pe R>° –epf° dp” V$d°V$p A_° `pgM_u cpΔ MpB_° q]$hkp°_p q]$hkp° L°$
drl_pAp° `kpf L$f°g R>°. R>[p¨ `\fu \B _\u. A°V$gy¨ S> _lv S>°d_° hpf¨hpf `\fu
\ep L$f[u l[u [°hp [°hp fp°Nu_° dyøe–h° cpΔ-`p_-V$d°V$p S>°hp Mp°fpL$ `f S>
fpM[p `\fu \hp_y¨ ‚dpZ M|b S> OV$u Ney¨ R>°. ≈° [° Ïehsı\[ ‚ep°N L$f°
A_° dp” cpΔ-`p_ [\p V$ d ° V $ p S> L$ p Q° L$ p Qp fp¨ ¬ ep hNf_p S> Mpe
36
Aphp apg[y L$pddp¨ Ïeı[ _ fpM[p¨ ]•$hu isº[_y¨ L$peÆ L$fphu iL$[p. (S>° Ap`Z°
`Z L$fphu iL$uA° R>uA°.) Okpfp° ipfuqfL$ Ód_p¨ ‚dpZdp¨ lp°e R>°. Ap\u Ód `R>u
S> cp°S>_ g°hphy¨ ≈°BA°. Ód `l°gp¨ _lv. Ap\u khpfdp¨ DW$[p_u kp\° g°hp[u
Bed Tea A° Mf°Mf Bad Tea R>°. khpf_p¨ _pı[pdp¨ S>° L¨$B Mp¤ L°$ `°e g°hpe
[° T°f kdp_ R>°. L$pfZ L°$ Ap kde ‚pZisº[ dpV°$ ifuf_u kapB_p° R>°. –epf° `°V$dp¨
L¨$B `Z _ _pMu_° ‚pZisº[_° [°_p¨ kapB L$peÆ L$fhp ]°$hpdp¨ bp^pÍ$` _ b_u_°
klep°N Ap`hp\u ep°¡e kapB \B iL°$ R>°. L$p°B`Z e¨” b_u Nep bp]$ [°_p b¨^pfZ_u
hı[y_u S>Í$fuep[ L$f[p¨ [°_u kapB_u AphÌeL$[p h^y R>°. [° fu[° Mphp_u S>Í$f R>°.
[°_p\u rhi°j D`hpk_u S>Í$f R>°. (A°V$g° L°$ `°V$dp¨ L$p¨B`Z _ _pMhy¨) [° hM[°
‚pZisº[ kapB L$pd L$f° R>°. Ap\u h^ydp¨ h^y kde kapB L$pd dpV°$ apmhhp° S>Í$fu
R>°. S>°\u b`p°f ky^u L$iy¨ S> dp¢dp¨ _pMhpdp¨ _ Aph° [° rl[phl S> _lv AphÌeL$
`Z R>°. b`p°f ky^udp¨ \p°X$p° OZp° Okpfp° ifuf_° gpNu Q|L°$gp° lp°e R>°. Ap\u b`p°f°
A°hp° Mp°fpL$ g°hp° ≈°BA° S>°_p\u Okpfp° `Z `|fpe A_° kapBdp¨ `Z d]$]$Í$` \pe
A_° Aphp° Mp°fpL$ R>° - F>[y_p¨ amp° A_° S>° L¨$B `Z L$pQ°L$pQy¨ (A°V$g° L°$ i°L$ep,
bpaep L°$ [˛ep hNf_y¨) MpB iL$pe [° L$pQy¨ [° kpQy¨, [°dp¨e° gugp `p_ khp£—d Mp°fpL$
R>°. ApMp q]$hk_p¨ L$peÆ bp]$ S>° L¨$B Okpfp° gpNhp_p° lp°e [° gpNu Q|L$ep° lp°e R>°.
S>°\u fp”u_p¨ kde° cpf° Mp°fpL$ S>°hp° L°$ gugp ipL$, A_pS> (]$pm, cp[, fp°V$gu,
fp°V$gp, cpMfu, L$Y$u, MuQX$u, rdÙ$pfl hN°f°) gB iL$pe R>°. ""dpfu_° cpNu S>hy¨,
MpB_° k|B S>hy¨.'' [° Dsº[ A_ykpf MpB_° [yf[ S> k|B S>hy¨ S>Í$fu R>°. Afie\p
≈°BA° [p° S>epf° `Z MpBA° R>uA° L°$ [yf[ S> JO Aphhp gpN° R>°. S>° `p°[° S>
kprb[u R>° L°$ MpB_° k|B S>hy¨ ifuf_u _•krNÆL$ klS> S>Í$fuep[ R>°. [°_° AhNZhpdp¨
Aph° [p° _yL$kp_ \pe. AgN fu[° ≈°BA° [p° ipfuqfL$ Ód, dp_rkL$ Ód, Mp°fpL$
`Qphhp°, ifuf_u A¨]$f_p° dm blpf L$pY$hp° Ap b^u S> qæ$epAp° ‚pZisº[ S> L$f°
R>°. Ap\u ≈° [°_° A°L$u kp\° A_°L$ L$pep£dp¨ fp°L$hp_° b]$g° ≈° A°L$ S> L$peÆ L$fhp
]°$hpdp¨ Aph° [p° [° L$peÆ M|b S> kpfu fu[° L$fu iL°$ [° ıhpcprhL$ R>°. Ap\u Mp^p
`R>u afhp S>hy¨ L°$ Afie ipfuqfL$ Ód L$fhp° A_° / A\hp dp_rkL$ Ód L$fhp°
rl[phl _\u. Ód `R>u cp°S>_ A_° cp°S>_ `R>u Apfpd Ap fu[_u cp°S>_ ‚Zpgu
S> Ap]$iÆ cp°S>_ ‚Zpgu `|fhpf \e°g R>°. S>°_p\u ifuf_u ep°¡e kapB `Z
lfl¨d°i \[u fl° R>°. [°dS> S>Í$f dyS>b_p° Okpfp° `Z `|fp[p° fl° R>°. Apd
\hp\u ifuf r_dÆm b_u ≈e R>°. S>°\u Ap`p° Ap` _ufp°Nu fl° R>° khpf\u b`p°f
61
Aphp kde° TpX$p, DgV$u, if]$u, km°Md, [ph A° A°_p¨ L$Qfp° L$pY$hp_p L°$ bpmu
d|L$hp_p kp^_p° R>°. S>° hM[° Mphp_u Í$Qu `Z _Ù$ L$fu _pM° R>°. Ap Mpk ‚L$pf_u
kapB ]$frdep_ Ap\u S> Ap`Z_° Mphy¨ cph[y¨ _\u, Mphp_y¨ d_ `Z \[y¨ _\u,
d_ cph[p° Mp°fpL$ Ap`hpdp¨ Aph° [p° `Z [° Mphp_u L°$ ≈°hp_u B√R>p \[u _\u.
`f¨[y Ap`Z° [°_° kpQu fu[° _ kdS>[p¨ ( Ap ‚qæ$ep kapB R° [° fu[° ifuf_° r_dÆm
A_° _ufp°Nu fpMhp dpV°$_u Mpk S>Í$fuep[ R>°.) [°_° fp°N kdΔ b°kuA° R>uA° A_°
TpX$p, DgV$u, [ph hN°f°_u ]$hp g°hp ]$p°X$u S>BA° R>uA° A_° ]$hp `Z Mp°fpL$ kp\° S>
g°hp_u kgpl lp°hp\u ‚pZisº[A° Mp°fpL$ g°hp_u d_pB afdph°g R>° [°_° AhNZu_°
Mp°fpL$ gBA° R>uA°. Apd, Ap`Z° b¨_° [fa ‚pZisº[ `f ‚lpf L$fuA° R>uA°. ]$hp
gB_° kapB L$pd b¨^ L$fphu ]$BA° R>uA° A_° Mp°fpL$ gB_° h^pfp_p° dm S>dp L$fuA°
R>uA°. Ap fu[° Ap`Z° ‚pZisº[_u isº[_° S> Ly¨$qW$[ L$fu ]$BA° R>uA°. S>°\u kde
S>[p¨ ifufdp¨ ^uf° ^uf° dm A°L$”u[ \hp_y¨ k[[ Qpgy S> fl° R>° A_° [° dm ifuf_u
blpf _uL$mu iL$[p° _ lp°hp\u M|Z° Mp¨Qf° S>ep¨ `Z S>¡ep dmu –ep¨ cfpB fl° R>°.
S>° ifuf_p `pQ_ [¨”_° Í$r^fpZcujZ [¨”_°, dm r_ÛL$pk_ [¨”_°, k_ [¨”_°
hN°f° A_°L$ [¨”p°_° bp^L$ b_° R>°. `qfZpd° bu. `u., ]$d, pk hN°f° D]π$ch° R>° S>°_°
Ap`Z° fp°N L$luA° R>uA°. hmu h^pfp_p° S>dp \e°g dm ifufdp¨ kX°$ R>°. S>°\u N°k,
A°kuX$uV$u A_° [°_° gN[p D`÷hp° iÍ$ \pe R>°. S>°_° Ap`Z° fp°N L$luA° R>uA°.
Ap D`f\u kd≈e R>° L°$ fp°N \hp dpV°$ Mp°fpL$ S>hpb]$pf R>°. Ap\u lh°
Ap`Z° Mp°fpL$ A_° fp°N b¨_°_° A°L$u kp\° ≈°hp f¸p.
Mp°fpL$ S>Í$fu R>°. ifuf_p° Okpfp° `yfhp dpV°$ A_° ifuf_p¨ h©qŸL$pm ]$frdep_
ifuf_p¨ b¨^pfZ dpV°$ `Z (A° Mpk kdΔ g°hp_u S>Í$f R>° L°$ Mp°fpL$dp¨\u isº[
dm[u _\u bÎL°$ [°_° `Qphhpdp¨ isº[ h`fpe R>°.) Ap\u Mp°fpL$ A°V$gp ‚dpZdp¨
g°hp° ≈°BA° S>°V$gp° Mf°Mf S>Í$fu R>°. h^pfp_p° A°L$ L$Z `Z ‚pZisº[ `f_p° bp°≈°
R>°. JX$p k¨ip°^__y¨ A°L$ [pfZ A° R>° L°$ dp_h [°_u S>Í$fuep[ L$f[p¨ 10 Nœ¨ h^y Mpe
R>°. 1000% h^y ! Ap_p `f\u øepg Aphu iL°$ L°$ Ap`Zu ‚pZisº[ `f L°$V$gp°
bp°≈° `X°$ R>°. A° [p° Ly$]$f[u fQ_p S> NS>b_pL$ R>° L°$ ApV$gp° Ar^L$ bp°S> `Z kl_
L$fu iL°$ R>°. dp_hkΔÆ[ diu_ 15-20% Ar^L$ bp°S> kl_ L$fhp `Z isº[dp_
lp°[y¨ _\u. `f¨[y Ar^L$ bp°S>_° L$pfZ° dp_h_u ‚pZisº[ Mp°fpL$_° `Qphhpdp¨ A_°
dm r_ÛL$pk__p¨ L$peÆdp¨ S> Ïeı[ fl° R>°. S>°\u [°_p¨ d|mc|[ ıhcph dyS>b_p¨ ]•$hu
L$pep£ L$fhp_u _ [p° azfk]$ fl° R>°, _ [p° nd[p. F>rjdyr_Ap° ‚pZisº[_°
60
A_° buSy>¨ L¨$B Mpe S> _lv. Aphp° ‚ep°N ≈° dp” b°\u ”Z drl_p L$fu Sy>A° [p°
øepg Aphi° L°$ `\fu \hu S> b¨^ \B S>i°. L$p°BA° tld[ L$fhu `X°$ Aphp ‚ep°Np°
`p°[p_u ≈[ `f L$fhp_u. Aphu Ïesº[A° h^y `pZu `uhy¨ ≈°BA° [°hu dpfie[p `Z
c|g cf°gu S> R>°.
i¨L$p : 14
cp°S>_ A°L$ S> kde gBA° `Z b`p°f° gBA° [p° Qpg° ?
kdp^p_ :
Ap`œ¨ ifuf `p¨Q [–hp°_y¨ b_°g R>° [°\u [°_° gpN[p° Okpfp° `Z [° `p¨Q
[–hp°\u S> `|fhp° `X°$. [° `p¨Q [–hp° L$epf° Ap`hp [° `Z AN–e_y¨ R>°. L$p°B`Z
kuıV$d_° gp°X$ L$fhu lp°e, –epf° l¨d°ip A°L$ khÆ kpdpfie r_ed A°hp° R>° L°$ [°_° ^uf°
^uf° æ$d° æ$d° Ap°R>p\u iÍ$ L$fu h^pf[p S>B gp°X$ L$fu iL$pe. S>°d L°$ NpX$u_u ı`uX$ 80
qL$.du. `f gB S>hu R>° [p° [°_° `l°gp Nuefdp¨, `R>u bu≈, ”u≈ A°d A°L$ `R>u A°L$
ApNgp Nuefdp¨ _p¨M[p _p¨M[p ı`uX$ 10, 20, 40 qL$.du. \[p¨ \[p¨ 80 ky^u
`lp¢Qpi°.
"cph_Nf'_p bu≈, ”u≈ iÂ]$_° Ahm khm L$f[p¨ : "cp_hNf' \B
≈e. 'GOD' _p Anfp°_° qfhkÆ L$f[p¨ 'DOG' \B ≈e.
[° S> fu[° AÊepk bpb[dp¨ `Z R>°. A°L$X$p - bNX$p Oy¨V$[p iuMu_° kfhpmp
bp]$bpL$u iuMuiy¨. `l°gy¨ ^p°fZ `pk L$fu [° S> fu[° ApNm ‚p\rdL$ ipmp\u dp¬erdL$
ipmp A_° D√Q rinZ d°mhu iL$pe R>°. Ap S> r_ed Ap`Zp ifufe¨”_° `Z gpNy
`X°$ R>°. q]$hk ]$fÁep_ `p¨Q [–hp° `|fp `pX$hp_p¨ R>°. S>°\u lgL$pdp¨ lgLy¨$ [–h kp•
‚\d A_° `R>u æ$d° æ$d° cpf° [–h g°[p g°[p R>°â° fp”° kp•\u cpf° [–h gB iL$pe.
kp•\u lgLy¨$ ApL$pi [–h R>°. S>°\u DW$[p_u kp\° S> ApL$pi [–h N∞lZ L$fhy¨ ≈°BA°.
hmu ApL$pi[–h kp•\u rhipm R>° S>°\u h^y kde ky^u [°_y¨ k°h_ L$fhy¨ ≈°BA°. hpey
A_° Arî [–h S>° ApL$pi [–h\u æ$d dyS>b cpf° [\p h^y cpf° [–hp° R>°. S>°\u [°
b`p°f° g°hp ≈°BA°. S>epf° S>m A_° `©’hu [–h A°V$g° L°$ ipL$, ]$pm, cp[, fp°V$gu,
fp°V$gp, MuQX$u, L$Y$u hN°f° æ$dp_ykpf h^y cpf° R>°. Ap\u [° fp”° g°hp ≈°BA°. Ap fu[°
g°hpe [p° S> [° kd[p°g A_° ep°¡e Aplpf L$l°hpe A_° [°_° S> `¬^r[kf_p° Aplpf
NZpe. lh° ≈° b`p°f° ipL$, ]$pm, cp[, fp°V$gu... hN°f° MpBA° A_° fp”° amp°
hN°f° MpBA° [p° [° kuıV$d DgV$u \B NB S>° hpS>bu _\u. ]$f°L$ e¨”_° `p°[`p°[p_u
Agpe]$ u kuıV$ d (Ïehı\p-`¬^r[) lp° e R>° A_° [° `¬^r[ A_y k fuA°
37
[p° S> ^peyØ `qfZpd dm°. S>°d L°$ Ap`Z° L$p°B Ïesº[_° ap°_ L$fhp° lp°e S>°_p° ap°_ _¨.
1234567 R>°. [p° [°_° [° æ$ddp¨ S> ap°__p Ap¨L$X$p gNphhp `X°$. [°_p [° S> [°V$gp S>
Ap¨L$X$p gNphuA°, `f¨[y ApX$pAhmp gNphuA° [p° [° ap°_ [° Ïesº[_° –ep¨ S>i° _lv.
`e Alpf Ak_ A°L$, r_rk cp°S>_ A°L$ gp°N $&
L$f[ fpd rl[ _°d b∞[, `qflqf c|j_ cp°N $&&
fpdQqf[ dp_k_u Ap Qp°`pBdp¨ `Z fp”° A°L$ hM[ cp°S>__° A_ydp°]$_
dm° R>° A_° A_°L$ kp^L$p°_p° `p°[p_p° A_ych `Z R>° L°$ fp”u_y¨ A°L$ hM[_y¨ fp¨^°g
cp°S>_ A° S> D—d cp°S>_ ‚Zpgu R>°.
i¨L$p : 15
khpf° cpf°, b`p°f° d¬ed A_° fp”° lgLy¨$ cp°S>_ g°hp_y¨ L$p°B L$l° R>°, [p° L$p°B
khpf° lmhp° _pı[p°, b`p°f° `|ͨ$ cp°S>_ (cpf° cp°S>_) A_° fp”° d¬ed_u kgpl Ap`°
R>°. S>epf° [d° [p° kp•\u DgV$u S> kgpl Ap`p° R>p°. [p° dp_hy¨ L$p°_y¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
ApS> ky^u S>° L¨$B kgpl dmu [°_° A_ykepÆ A_° `qfZpdp° `Z Ap`Zu
kdn S> R>°. lh° []π$_ DgV$u A°hu _hu kgpl cg° _ dp_p° `Z ‚ep°N L$fhp
Mp[f \p°X$p kde dpV°$ AS>dphu [p° Sy>Ap°. `qfZpd S> b[phu Ap`i° L°$ kpQy¨
iy¨ R>° ! ]|$^_y¨ ]|$^, `pZu_y¨ `pZu \B fl°i°. Ap`p°Ap` _Ω$u \B S>i°. `R>u
i¨L$p Ly$i¨L$p_° ı\p_ S> _lv fl°.
Apd R>[p¨ kpQu hp[ kdS>hp dpV°$ ip˜_p° klpfp° gB_° cp°S>_ bpb[°
cNhp__p° d[ ≈ZuA°... Nu[pΔ A¬epe-17, Ôgp°L$ 8, 9, 10
ApeyÛe, byqŸ, bm, Apfp°¡e, kyM A_° ‚ur[ h^pf_pfp fkeyL$[ sı_¡^,
sı\f fl°_pfp A_° ıhpcprhL$ fu[° S> d__° Nd° A°hp Aplpf kps–hL$ dpZk_° Nd[p
lp°e R>°. $&&8&&
L$X$hp, MpV$p, Mpfp, [uMp, c|¨S>°gp OZp Nfd, ]$pl S>fidph_pfp A_° ]y$:M,
tQ[p [\p fp°Np°_° S>fidph_pfp Aplpfp° fpS>ku dpZkp°_° Nd[p lp°e R>° $&&9&&
38
50[ GlC\ TM p5JF;GL SM. H H~Z GYLP CF 4 VFwIFltDS pgGlT DF8[ p5JF;
VFJxIS K[P
i≠Lp : 27
""L$d MpAp°, Nd MpAp°'' A° L$l°h[ A_ykpf Ap°Ry>¨ Mphp\u _ufp°Nu _ flu
iL$pe ?
kdp^p_ :
Ap`_p khpgdp¨ A°L$ Mp°fpL$_u hp[ R>° A_° A°L$ _ufp°Nu fl°hp_u hp[ R>°.
[p° b¨_°_° ≈°hu S>Í$fu R>°.
Mphp_u hp[dp¨ Ap°Ry>¨ Mphy¨ [°hy¨ S>Zphp° R>p° [p° Ap°Ry>¨ L$p°_° L$l°hy¨ [° `Z
kdS>hy¨ ≈°BA°. A°L$ hp[ [p° k–e R>° L°$ - ""L¨$B `Z h^pf° `X$[y¨ _yL$kp_L$pfL$ R>°.''
"Anything in excess is poision." Apd, h^y `X$[y¨ Mphp L$f[p¨ Ap°Ry>¨ Mphy¨
S>Í$f ape]$pL$pfL$ R>°. `f¨[y [°V$gy¨ S> dp” `|f[y¨ _\u. Ap°Ry>¨ Mphphpmp, r_:ıhp]$
Mphphpmp, dp” bpa°gy¨ S> Mphphpmp, Mphp dpV°$ _ Δh[p `Z Δhhp dpV°$
Mphphpmp L$kf[p°, ep°Npk_p°, ‚pZpepd hN°f°_p° Apifp° g°hphpmp `Z ce¨L$f
fp°Np°\u `uX$pe R>°. Ap\u dp” Ap°Ry>¨ Mphy¨ A\hp [p° dp” iyŸ Mphy¨, dp” `p°[p_p
Of_y¨ S> Mphy¨, blpf_y¨ _ Mphy¨, ‚cy cS>_ L$f[p¨ L$f[p¨ b_ph°g fkp°B Mphu hN°f°...
hN°f°... `|f[y¨ _\u. kpͨ$ S>Í$f R>° `Z [° `epÆ· _\u. kdpS>dp¨ ◊rÙ$ L$fhp\u øepg
Aphi° L°$ D5f S>Zph°g Mp°fpL$ g°hphpmp ce¨L$f fp°Np°\u `uX$pe R>°. Apd, dp” L$d
Mphp\u _ufp°Nu flu iL$p[y¨ _\u.
lh° buΔ hp[ _ufp°Nu fl°hp_u R>°. [° dpV°$ rhQpfuA° [p° A° ≈Zhy¨ ≈°BA° L°$
fp°N \hp_y¨ L$pfZ iy¨ A_° [°_y¨ r_hpfZ iy¨ ? A_°L$ k¨ip°^_p°_° `qfZpd° A° kprb[
\B Q|L$ey¨ R>° L°$ ifufdp¨ A°L$”u[ \e°g dm kX$[p¨ fp°N_y¨ Í$` ^pfZ L$f° R>°. buΔ fu[°
L$luA° [p° Ap`Zu ‚pZisº[ / Q°[_p isº[ ifufdp¨ S>dp \e°g dm_° L$pY°$ R>° A_°
[° fu[° ‚pZisº[ ifuf_° r_dÆm L$fhp_u L$p°rij L$f° R>°. S>°_° Ap`Z° fp°N L$luA°
R>uA°. ifufdp¨ dm S>dp \hp_y¨ L$pfZ A°L$ S> R>° A_° [° A° L°$ ifuf_u ‚pZisº[_u
dm L$pY$hp_u nd[p\u Ar^L$ dp”pdp¨ dm / L$Qfp° Dd°fpe R>°. Apd, ≈hL$ L$f[p¨
AphL$ h^u S>hp\u b¨_°_p [aph[ S>°V$gp° dm ifufdp¨ k¨rQ[ \pe R>°. Aphp° L$Qfp°
‚pZisº[_u fp°Δ¨]$u fu[ fkd ‹pfp L$pY$hp° iL$e _\u. Ap\u kdep¨[f° ‚pZisº[
[°_u `|fu isº[ hp`fu_° Mpk ‚L$pf_u `¬^r[\u [° L$Qfp° L$pY$hp_u L$p°rij L$f° R>°.
59
‚dpZdp¨ Mp°fpL$ gBiy¨ L°$ S>°V$gp° S>Í$fu lp°e h^pfp_p° Mp°fpL$ cg° `R>u [° Ad©[ `Z
L°$d _\u [° lh° ifuf_p¨ OV$L$p°dp¨ Í$`p¨[fu[ \i° _lv. [°\u [° Ad©[ lp°hp R>[p¨ `Z
T°f kdp_ R>°. Ap_p\u DgVy¨$ Ap`Z° Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[ dp_u_° Mp-Mp L$epÆ L$fuA°
R>uA° A_° `R>u [°_° `Qphhp L°$ kapB A\£ L$kf[, ep°Npk_p°, ‚pZpepd hN°f° L$fuA°
R>uA° S>° ApNm R>p”pge_p¨ kapB_p ]$pMgp S>°hy¨ R>°. lL$uL$[° dm Ap°R>pdp¨ Ap°R>p°
iu fu[° b_° [° rhQpfhy¨ S>Í$fu b_u ≈e R>°. Ap dpV°$ ApNm ≈°ey¨ [°d Mp°fpL$_p°
kde, ‚L$pf, NyZh—p, ‚dpZ hN°f° `f rhQpf L$fhp° S>Í$fu R>° A_° [° fu[° ≈° dm S>
Ap°R>p° b_i° [p° [°_° L$pY$hp° cNhp_ (‚pZisº[) dpV°$ kl°gy¨ b_i° S>°\u ifuf
r_dÆm fl°i° A_° r_dÆm fl°hp\u _ufp°Nu fl°i°. Apd cNhp_ ifuf_° _ufp°Nu fpMhp_y¨
S> L$peÆ k]$p-khÆ]$p L$epÆ L$f° R>°. S>°\u ifuf_p° ıhcph S> _ufp°Nu fl°hp_p° R>°. `f¨[y
L$kde°, S>Í$f\u h^y, Aep°¡e ‚L$pf_p° Aep°¡e NyZh—phpmp° Mp°fpL$ MpB MpB_°
ifufdp¨ dm A°V$gp° A°L$”u[ \pe R>° L°$ ‚pZ isº[ dpV°$ [°_y¨ r_ÛL$pk_ AiL$e \B
≈e R>°. hmu hpf¨hpf L¨$BL$ _° L¨$BL$ Mp-Mp L$fhp_u V°$h_° gu^° `Z ‚pZ isº[_°
kapB L$pd_p° dp°L$p° dm[p° S> _\u A_° Ap fu[° dm k¨rQ[ \ep L$f° R>° S>° fp°N dpV°$
S>hpb]$pf R>° S>°\u ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ _ufp°Nu`œ¨ ifuf dpV°$ klS> R>° `f¨[y fp°N Ap`Z°
c∞pdL$ øepg_p¨ gu^° ‚e–_`|hÆL$ M¢Qu gphuA° R>uA°.;FJ ;FDFgI AFAT K[ S[
;'lQ8 DF\ V[S 56 ÒJ lGZMUL ZC[JF DF8[ S;ZT4 IMUF;G4 5|F6FIFD
SZ[ K[ BZM mVZ[ T[GL l;JFIGF\ 56 SM.H 5|IF; G SZJF KTF\ lGZMULH ZC[
K [P VF56[ T[DGL 5F;[YL S[D SX]\ XLBTF GYLm
L$kf[, ep°Npk_, ‚pZpepd\u ape]$p° S>Í$f \pe R>°. S>°_p\u ifuf ky◊Y$
b_° R>°. h^y isº[ k¨N∞l L$fhp kdn b_° R>°. `Z _ufp°Nu fl°hp dpV°$ [° S>hpb]$pf
_\u. p,8FGF IMUF;G 4 5|F6FIFDYL S[8,FI ,MSMG[ V;FwI ZMUM ,FU]\ 50[,
K[P DG[ lXQFF";G 4 ;JF"\UF;G4C,F;GYL SFGGL SFIDL TS,LO Y. U. K[
T[DH JHF=;GYL cc 5F.,;cc GL TS,LO Y. UI[,LP [°_° dpV°$ [p° Mp°fpL$ S>
S>hpb]$pf R>°. S>°\u khpf\u b`p°f ky^u dp¢dp¨ L$iy¨ _ _pMhy¨, b`p°f° gugp `p_ [\p
amp° g°hp A_° fp”° A°L$ kde ipL$ A_° A_pS>hpmp° kp]$p° `L$h Mp°fpL$ g°hp\u
ifuf_u ep°¡e ]•$r_L$ kapB \pe R>° A_° Okpfp° `Z `|fpe R>°. AW$hpqX$e° L°$ `¨]$f
q]$hk° A°L$ D`hpk (`pZu L°$ am `f) A_° [°hp S> R> dprkL$ _hfp”u D`hpk\u
ifuf_y¨ krhÆkvN A_° Ap°hflp°gvN \B ≈e R>° A_° [° fu[° ifuf r_dÆm fl°[p¨ _ufp°Nu
fl° R>° ZFW\ [ , F EMHG ,.V[ 4 TM H lGZMUL ZC[ J F p5JF;GL H~Z
58
S>° cp°S>_ AX$^y¨ `pL°$gy¨ A_° AX^y¨ L$pQy¨, k|L$pB Ne°gp fk_y¨, ıhcph° S> ]y$NØ^u,
hpku A_° A≠°Wy R>° [\p S>° A`rh” `Z R>°, A° cp°S>_ [pdku dpZk_° Nd[y¨
lp°e R>°. $&&10&&
A°L$ S> Ly$Vy¨$bdp¨, Af° ! kNp cpB-bl°_dp¨ `Z Ap rcfl[p Ap`Z_° O°f
O°f ≈°hp dm° R>°. A°L$_° [uMy¨ - [m°gy¨ - MpVy¨$ - Mpͨ$ `k¨]$ R>° [p° bu≈_° N˛ey¨, kp]y$
cp°S>_ `k¨]$ R>°. S>°hu S>°_u ‚L©$r[, S>°hp° S>°_p° klS> ıhcph. Ap\u S> [p° rhrh^
≈[_u hp_NuAp° Ası[–hdp¨ Aphu.
ıhpcprhL$ S> ApeyÛe, byqŸ, bm, Apfp°¡e, kyM A_° ‚ur[ h^pf_pf
cp°S>_ Ó°õ$ cp°S>_ R>°. A°V$g° L°$ [° kpr[hL$ cp°S>_ R>°.
fpS>ku cp°S>_ ]y$:M, tQ[p [\p fp°Np°_° S>fidph_pf R>°. S>° d¬ed
cp°S>_ R>°. S>epf° [°_p\u lgLy¨$ [°hy¨ L$r_Ù$ cp°S>_ "[pdku' R>°. Ap cp°S>__p
‚L$pf \ep -
Ap`Zp° khpg [p° Sy>]$p° S> R>°. cpf°, d›ed [°dS> lgL$p cp°S>_ L$ep kde°
Apfp°Nhp [° R>°. Ap\u D`f_u Ïepøep kyk¨N[ S>Zpe _lv [°hy¨ gpN°. lL$uL$[° S>epf°
`Z MpAp°, S>°hy¨ Mpip° [°hy¨ `qfZpd dmi°.
lgLy¨$, d›ed L°$ cpf°, khpf, b`p°f L°$ fp”° ≈° kps–hL$ Mpip° [p° [°dp¨ S>Zph°g
`qfZpd dmi°. fpS>ku A_° [pdku Mpip° [p° [°hp `qfZpdp° dmi°. Ap_p° ı`Ù$
A\Æ A° \ep° L°$ L$epf° cpf°, lgLy¨$ Mphy¨ [° Alv Aı\p_° R>°. kpr–hL$, fpS>ku L°$ [pdku
Mphy¨ [° AN–e_y¨ R>°.
ıhpcprhL$ S> Ap`Z° r_fp°Nu fl°hy¨ R>° [p° kps–hL$ cp°S>_ `k¨]$ L$fhy¨ ≈°BA°.
S>° cNhp_ Óu fpdQ¨÷Δ Mp[p, S>° cNhp_ Óu L©$ÛZ dpN° R>°, S>° F>rj-dyr_
Apfp°N[p, S>° ipL$plpfu `iyAp° Mpe R>°. S>° R>° `”, `yÛ`, am A\hp [p° L¨$]$-d|m,
am, `p_ A_° `pZu A°V$g° L°$ h_ı`r[S>fie Aplpf A°V$g° L°$ ipL$plpf.
lh° ≈° Ap cp°S>_ S> Apfp°Nuiy¨ [p° khpf-kp¨S> L°$ lgL$p-cpf°_y¨ L$p°B S>
dl–h fl°[y¨ _\u. cyM gpN° –epf° MpAp°, [fk gpN° –epf° `uAp°. hp[ M[d.
S>°d _ipMp°f ifpbu / ]$pÍ$X$uep_° ]$pÍ$ hNf Qpg[y¨ _\u [°d Ap`Z_°
fp¨^°g cp°S>_ hNf Qpg[y¨ _\u. S>° Mfpb R>° fp°N D`≈h_pf R>° R>[p¨ Mphy¨ R>° [p° lh°
khpg A° Aph° R>° L°$ Aphy¨ ]|$rj[ cp°S>_, dX$]$pg Mp°fpL$, k–hlu_ Aplpf L$epf°
g°hp° ? S>° ıhpcprhL$ S> Ly$`p√e R>°, `Qhpdp¨ cpf° R>°, S>° Mphp\u JO Aph° R>°.
A°V$g° L°$ Aphy¨ cp°S>_ gu^p bp]$ JOhy¨ S>Í$fu b_u ≈e R>°. [° ifuf_u Ly$]$f[u S>Í$qfep[
b_u ≈e R>°. JOhp dpV°$ S> cNhp_° fp”u_y¨ r_dpÆZ L$f°g R>°. S>°\u Aphy¨ cp°S>_ fp”°
S> g°hy¨ ≈°BA°.
39
 buΔ fu[° ≈°BA° [p° - fp”° cpf° cp°S>_ gB_° JOu S>hp\u [dpd isº[
`Qphhpdp¨ gpNu ≈e R>°. S>°\u `pQ_ kpͨ$ \pe R>°. `f¨[y Apd _ L$f[p¨ cp°S>_ gu^p
bp]$ ipfuqfL$, dp_rkL$ Ód L$fuA° [p° `pQ_ dpV°$ L$pd° gpN°g isº[dp¨\u S> isº[ [°
dpV°$ h`fpi° S>°\u `pQ_ dpV°$_u isº[dp¨ OV$pX$p° \[p¨ `pQ_qæ$ep d¨]$ `X$i°. Apd
≈°[p¨ ep°¡e `pQ_ dpV°$ `Z A° S>Í$fu R>° L°$ fp”° S> cpf° cp°S>_ g°hpdp¨ Aph°.
Afie fu[° ≈°BA° [p° - "`¨Q[–h Ap^pqf[ cp°S>_‚\p'dp¨ S>ZpÏep A_ykpf
ifuf_° `p¨Q° [–hp° - ApL$pi, hpey, Arî, S>m A_° `©’hu æ$di: lgL$p\u cpf° æ$ddp¨
Ap`hp ep°¡e R>°. ApL$pi DW$[p_u kp\° lgL$pdp¨ lgLy¨$ bp]$ hpey A_° Arî d›ed
[°dS> S>m A_° `©’hu cpf° Ap`hp ≈°BA° - Apd, fp”° cpf° cp°S>_ S>dhy¨ ≈°BA°.
rhı[©[ dprl[u dpV°$ "_hu cp°S>_‚\p - "`¨Q[–h......' hp¨Qu S>hp rh_¨[u.
Apeyh£]$_p d[° "]$p°jp_π Aplpf hΔÆ[:' Aplpf _ gBA° –epf° ]$p°jp° ]|$f
L$fhp_y¨ / kapB_y¨ L$peÆ S>W$fprî L$f° R>°. kapB dpV°$_p° ep°¡e kde R>° : "khpf_p°' A°V$g°
khpf° cp°S>_ _ gB_° kapB L$peÆ \hp ]°$hy¨ ≈°BA°. bp]$dp¨ d›ed A_° –epfbp]$ cpf°
cp°S>_ g°hy¨ lu[L$f fl°i°.
M°[fdp¨ `pL$ g¨Ope, `R>u [°_° Mp[f A_° `pZu A`pe R>°. ≈° [° `l°gp
A`pe, [p° R>p°X$ fp°rNÙ$ b_u ≈e R>°. [°d Ap`Z° DW$ep bp]$ Ód L$fhp° ≈°BA° S>°\u
c|M [fk gpN° A_° ifuf g¨Ophp gpN°. bp]$dp¨ cp°S>_-`pZu Ap`hp ≈°BA°.
Apeyh£]$dp¨ `Z L$l°hpey¨ R>° L°$ ""g¨O_dπ `fdπ Ap•j^dπ' - gp¨OZ L$fhp\u
fp°N `Z _pby]$ \B ≈e R>°. [p° ≈° r_fp°Nu gp¨OZ L$f°, [p° ıhpcprhL$ S> [°_° OZp°
ape]$p° \pe. Ap\u S> [p° [dpd ip˜p°dp¨ D`hpk_y¨ rhi°j dl–h ]$ipÆh°g R>°. gp¨bp
D`hpk (gp¨OZ) \B iL°$ [p° kpͨ$. `f¨[y [° _ \B iL°$, [p° L$d-k°-L$d lf l¨d°i V|¨$L$p
D`hpk - A^pÆ q]$hk_p L$fuA°. S>°\u `°V$_p° MpX$p° L¨$BL$ Mpgu \pe, [p° _hy¨ _pMu
iL$pe. Ap fu[° ≈°[p¨ `Z khpf° _ S>dhy¨ A\hp lmhy¨ cp°S>_ g°hy¨ ep°¡e R>°.
cp°S>_\u ifuf r_dpÆZ \pe R>° A_° [°_p\u S> [°_u dfpd[ \pe R>°. S>°\u
`l°gp Okpfp° gpN° bp]$dp¨ [°_° `yfhp_p° lp°e. S>°\u `Z q]$hk ]$frdep_ Ód L$fu_°
Okpfp° gpN° bp]$ cp°S>_\u [° Okpfp° `yfpe.
A°L Ll°h[ dyS>b : "" dpfu_° cpNu Shy≠ Mpe _° k}C Shy≠.''
Apd, Aphu A_°L$ [pqLÆ$L$ ]$gugp°\u `p°[p_p [LÆ$_° kp• hpS>bu W°$fhhp L$p°rij
L$f° [° ıhpcprhL$ R>°. S>°\u L$ep° [LÆ$ kpQp° ? L$p°_° dpfie[p Ap`hu ? A° khpg `Z
40
\hp_u _\u S> [° _Ω$u hp[ R>°. Apd ≈° Ap`Z° `Z ıhpı’e, isº[, Ap_¨]$,
op_, ‚°d dpV°$ bp¸ ‚epkp° L$fuiy¨ [p° `°Y$uAp°_u `°Y$uAp° S>[u fl°i° [p° `Z [° dmi°
_rl. L$pfZ L°$ S>° S>ep¨ R>° S> _lv [°_° –ep¨ ip°^hp S>[p¨ ‚p· \hp_u iL$e[p S> _\u
[° ıhpcprhL$ R>°. buΔ fu[° ≈°BA° [p° "ıhpı’e'_p° A\Æ S> R>°, "ıhdp¨ sı\[ \hy¨
[°' [°_p b]$g° Ap`Z° `f sı\[ \BA° R>uA° A_° [°\u S> fp°N_y¨ L$pfZ A¨]$f _
ip°^[p¨ "`qfsı\r['_° S>hpb]$pf NZu [°_° A_yÍ$` bp¸ ‚epkp° L$f[p fluA° R>uA°.
S>° ıhpcprhL$ S> kpQu q]$ip_p¨ _ lp°hp\u `qfZpd `Z kpQy¨ dm[y¨ _\u A_°
c∞pdL$ øepg `pR>m cV$L$ep L$fuA° R>uA°. d√R>f L$fX$hp\u d°g°fuep \hp°,
ΔhpœAp°\u Afie fp°Np° \hp, hp[phfZ b]$ghp\u if]$u, [ph \hp° hN°f° bp¸
L$pfZp° dp_u_° d√R>f\u bQhp_p ‚epkp° L$fhp, ΔhpœAp°\u bQhp [°_p dpV°$
S>Í$fu ‚epkp° L$fhp, hp[phfZ kpd° fnZ_p¨ kp^_p° Dcp L$fhp hN°f° bp¸ ‚epkp°dp¨
gp¡ep fluA° R>uA° A_° R>[p¨ fp°N [p° \pe S> R>°. [° S> fu[° L$kf[ L$fu_° Mp°fpL$
`Qphhp_u cph_p [°dS> `ku_p hpV°$ dm blpf _uL$mu S>hp_u cph_p, ep°Npk_p°,
‚pZpepd ‹pfp Í$r^fprcfkZ [¨”, k_[¨”_° L$peÆnd fu[° Qgphu_° r_dÆm fpMhp_u
cph_p fl°gu S>Zpe R>° S>° kh£ bp¸ ‚epkp° R>°.
Ap_° b¨^ b°k[p° lL$uL$[° b_°gp° b_ph V|¨$L$dp¨ ‚ı[y[ R>°. Adp° R>p”pgedp¨
fl°[p –epf° N©l`r[_° k¨QpgL°$ `|R>ey¨ L°$ R>p”pgedp¨ kapB L°$hu fl° R>° ? S>hpb l[p°,
"q]$hkdp¨ ”Z ”Z hM[ TpXy$ dfphy¨ Ry>¨ - kapB kpfu fMphy¨ Ry>¨' k¨QpgL°$ L$¸y¨ -
q]$hkdp¨ ”Z ”Z hM[ TpXy$ dpfhp_u S>Í$fuep[ S> b[ph° R>° L°$ N¨]$L$u M|b S> \pe
R>°. [dpfp R>p”p°_° A°hu V°$h `pX$p° L°$ N¨]$L$u \hp S> _ ]°$ S>°\u ”Z ”Z hM[ TpXy$
dpfhp_p° khpg S> D`sı\[ _lv \pe.
fp°N_y¨ d|m L$pfZ R>° - ifufdp¨ A°L$r”[ \[p° dm. ifufdp¨ sı\[ cNhp__y¨
dyøe L$peÆ S> A° R>° L°$ ifufdp¨ dm S>dp \hp _ ]°$hp°. ifuf_p: b¨^pfZ A_° Okpfp_°
`|fhp dpV°$ Mp°fpL$ AphÌeL$ R>°. Mp°fpL$dp¨\u S> fL$[, lpX$ dp¨k hN°f° b_° R>° A_°
`p°jpe R>°. Mp°fpL$dp¨\u Ap fu[° ≈°B[y¨ k–h ep°¡e S>¡epA° h`fpe ≈e R>°. `R>u S>°
h^° R>° [°_° ifuf dm - d|” - `ku_p L°$ Afie fu[° blpf a¢L$u ]°$ R>° A_° Ap ‚qæ$epdp¨
L$peÆf[ lp°S>fu, Ap¨[fX$p hN°f°_° `Z kpa L$fu _hu `qfsı\r[ dpV°$ [•epf fpMhp [°_u
kpa kyau L$f° R>°. ≈° ApV$gy¨ Ap`Z° bfpbf kdΔA° [p° lh° Ap`Z° A° [L°$]$pfu
fpMuiy¨ L°$ A°hp° Mp°fpL$ gBA° S>°dp¨ S>Í$fu k–hp°_y¨ ‚dpZ h^y lp°e A_° dm_y¨ ‚dpZ
Ap°Ry>¨ lp°e [°dS> A°hp° Mp°fpL$ gBA° S>° dm_u kapBdp¨ d]$]$Í$` \pe A_° S>Í$fu
k–h `Z dmu fl°. hmu A°hp kde° Mp°fpL$ gBA° S>epf° kpa kapB_y¨ L$pd `|ZÆ
\B_° _hu sı\r[ dpV° $ Ap`œ¨ `pQ_ [¨ ” [• e pf \B Ney ¨ lp° e . A° V $ g p
57
h^pfp_p° Mp°fpL$ `°V$dp¨ Nep° [°_p° ep°¡e r_L$pg _ \B ≈e –ep¨ ky^u D`hpk L$fu
_pMhp kgplceyØ R>°. ]$pÍ$ `uhpdp¨ ]$pÍ$X$uep_° `Z d≈ Aph° R>°. `Z [° d≈ L°$V$gu
M[f_pL$ R>° [° Ap`Z° kp• ≈ZuA° R>uA°. [°hy¨ S> cp°S>__u d≈ dpZhp_y¨ `qfZpd
cp°Nhhy¨ `X°$ R>°.
i≠Lp : 26
[` - k°hp - kyrdf__u kp^_p A`_ph_pf° _ufp°Nu fl°hp L$kf[, ep°Npk_p°,
‚pZpepd hN°f° L$fhy¨ S>Í$fu Mͨ$ L°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
_ufp°Nu`œ¨ [° ifuf_u kplrS>L$ sı\r[ R>°. ]$f°L$_p¨ ifufdp¨ Bf fl°g
R>°. S>ep¨ Bf My]$ lpS>f lp°e, –ep¨ fp°N_u k¨cph_p L$B fu[° lp°B iL°$ ? Apd
R>[p¨ Ap`Z° ≈°BA° R>uA° L°$ lpg_p¨ kdedp¨ bpmL$_p¨ S>fid `l°gp¨\u S> [°_u
]$hp [°_u dp[p_p¨ ifuf ‹pfp iÍ$ \B ≈e R>°. S>fid[p_u kp\° ]$hp A`pe R>°.
DR>°f ]$frdep_ rhrh^ ]$hpAp° A`pe R>° A_° R>°âp¨ pk ky^u ]$hp_p° Apifp°
Qpgy _° Qpgy S> fl° R>°. Nfub L°$ [h¨Nf, ÓrdL$ L°$ b°W$pXy$ Δh_ Δh_pf, NpdX$p_p°
L°$ il°f_p°, kpdpfieS>_ L°$ X$pμL$V$f, cp°Nu L°$ ep°Nu, k¨kpfu L°$ kfiepku, b≈Í$
Mp_pf L°$ b≈Í$ _ Mp_pf, Mphp dpV°$ Δh_pf L°$ Δhhp dpV°$ Mp_pf, _psı[L$
L°$ Apsı[L$, dp¨kplpfu L°$ ipL$plpfu [°dS> kp^y, k¨[p°, rhfL$[p° kp• L$p°B fp°rNÙ$
R>° A_° ]$hp_° klpf° Δh_ rh[pÏe° ≈e R>°. V|¨$L$dp¨ L$p°B hNÆ A°hp° _\u S>° rbdpf
_\u [° kp• _ufp°Nu fl°hp_p A_°L$rh^ D`pep° [p° L$f° S> R>°. L$p°B L$kf[ L$f° R>°
R>°hV°$ dp°r_ØN hp°L$, Bht_N hp°L$ hN°f° L$f° R>°, L$p°B ep°Npk_p° L$f° R>°. L$p°B ‚pZpepd
L$f° R>° A_° R>[p¨ rbdpf R>°. lp, A°V$gy¨ kpQy¨ R>° L°$ S>° L$p°B Aphp ‚epkp° _\u
L$f[p¨ [°_u kfMpdZudp¨ L$]$pQ Aphp ‚e–_p° L$f_pf_y¨ ıhpı’e h^y kpͨ$ lp°e
`Z R>[p¨ rbdpf [p° R>° S>. k¨`|ZÆ _ufp°Nu [p° _\u S>. Ly$ı[ubpS>, `l°ghp_,
fd[hufp°_u rbdpfuAp° S>N‚rkŸ R>°. Δ¨]$Nu ApMu ep°Npk_p° ‚pZpepd_p°
Apif° g°_pf `Z N¨cuf rbdpfuAp°_p° cp°N b_°g_p¨ `|f[p¨ ‚dpZp° R>°. Ap\u
A° ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ L$kf[, ep°Npk_p°, ‚pZpepd\u k¨`|ZÆ _ufp°Nu fl°hy¨ iL$e _\u. Ap
b^p bp¸ kp^_p° R>°. Ap¨[f◊rÙ$ L$fhp\u øepg Aphi° L°$ Bf ≈° Ap`Zp
ifuf_u A¨]$f fl°g R>° [p° [° k[π rQ[π Ap_¨]$ ıhÍ$` lp°hp\u [°_p¨ kh£ NyZp° `Z
A¨]$f S> fl°g R>°. S>°d d©N_u _prcdp¨ L$ı[|fu R>° `Z A° blpf ip°¬ep L$f° R>°.
S>°\u [°_° [° ‚p· \[u _\u. [°_p¨ `|hÆ≈°_° `Z ‚p‡e \B _\u A_° [°_p¨ h¨i≈°
`Z ≈° L$ı[yfu ip°^hp_u [°_u [° S> bp¸ fu[ A`_phi° [p° [°d_° `Z ‚p·
56
A°V$gp° S> dl–h_p° b_u fl° R>°. Ap`Z° [p° V$`pL$p\u iu r_ıb[ R>° ? Ap`Z° [p°
fp°V$gp\u d[gb R>°. [p° ip dpV°$ Aphu `mp°S>Zdp¨ `X$hy¨ ? Ap\u S> d¢ iÍ$Ap[dp¨
L$¸y¨ [°d ‚ep°N L$fp°. `qfZpd d°mhp°. Mpe_° Mp”u L$fp°.
cp°S>_ bpb[° lSy> \p°Xy¨$ JX$pZ\u rhQpfuA° [p° cp°S>__p ”Z ‚L$pf Apfu[°
`Z `pX$u iL$pe.
(1) fp°Nu_y¨, (2) cp°Nu_y¨ A_° (3) ep°Nu_y¨ cp°S>_
(1) A°hy¨ cp°S>_ S>°_p\u fp°N \pe S>° Ap`Z° ApNm ≈°B Nep. fpS>ku [\p
[pdku, fp¨^°gy¨, hpku [°dS> dp¨kplpf (]|$^ `Z dp¨kplpf S> R>°.) hN°f°.
(2) S>° ıhp]$ cp°Nhhp g°hpB f¸y¨ R>° [° kpr“hL$ cp°S>_. S>°_p\u r_fp°Nu `Z
fl°hpe R>[p¨ cp°N cp°NÏep_p° k¨[p°j `Z \pe- ""Ap R° cp°Nu_y≠ cp°S_.''
(3) A°hy¨ cp°S>_ S>°_p\u æ$di: A›ep–d dpN£ Dflr[ \pe. S>° dpV°$ cp°S>__p°
cpf°\u lgL$p [fa æ$di: –epN L$fp[p° ≈e A_° dp¢ ‹pfp g°hp[y¨ cp°S>_ S> b¨^
\B ≈e, `pZu `Z _lv. A°V$gy¨ S> _lv _pL$ ‹pfp ifufdp¨ S>° ‚pZhpey ≈e
R>° [° `Z A°L$ ‚L$pf_y¨ cp°S>_ S> R>°. [° `Z b¨^ \B ≈e. lh° ifuf
hp[phfZdp¨\u k|ˇd Aplpf N∞lZ L$fhp gpNi° - Ap R>° ep°NuAp°_y¨ cp°S>_.
Apd, cp°S>_ A° `k¨]$Nu_u bpb[ R>°. cp°S>_ fp°N, cp°N A_° ep°N (rdg_,
Ap–dp A_° `fdp–dp_y¨, Δh A_° rih_y¨ rdg_) ky^u `lp¢QpX$_pf R>°. `k¨]$Nu
Ap`Zp lp\dp¨ R>°. d[ d[p¨[fp° R>° A_° fl°i°. rhh°L$ byqŸ`|hÆL$ ‚ep°N L$fu ≈[° S>
r_ZÆe gp°.
i≠Lp : 16
‚k¨Np°`p[ b`p°f° fp¨^°g cp°S>_ Mphp_u S>Í$f `X°$ [p° iy¨ L$fhy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
kdpS>dp¨ fluA° R>uA° A°V$g° Aphp ‚k¨Np° b_hp ıhpcprhL$ R>°. Ap`Z°
–ep¨ dl°dp_ Aph° –epf°, Ap`Z° L$p°B_° –ep¨ dl°dp_ bfiep lp°BA° –epf°, gî ‚k¨N° L°$
Afie `pV$wdp¨ S>hp_y¨ \pe –epf° Aphp A_°L$ ‚k¨Np°A° Ap khpg Dcp° \[p° lp°e R>°.
kpQy¨ [p° A° R>° L°$ ≈° A°L$ ep bu≈ blp_° R|>V$ d|L$hp_u iÍ$ L$fip° [p° Aphp ‚k¨Np° [p°
Qpg[p ApÏep S> L$fhp_p. S>°\u _hu cp°S>_‚\p A_ykfhu dyÌL°$g b_u S>i°. Ap`Z°
–ep¨ L$p°B dl°dp_ Aph° –epf° Ap`Z° [°d_p dp_dp¨ kpfpdp¨ kpfu fkp°B b_phu_°
S>dpX$uA°. `f¨[y Ap`Z° [p° L$pQy¨ S> MpBA°. Ap`Z° –ep¨ dl°dp_ Aph° [° Qp `u[p
lp°e [p° [°d_° Qp `pBA° R>uA°. `f¨[y ≈° Ap`Z° Qp _\u `u[p [p° [°d_° L¨$`_u
Ap`hp Ap`Z° Qp `u[p _\u A_° R>[p¨ dl°dp__° Mp°Vy¨$ `Z _\u gpN[y¨. L$pfZ
L° [°Ap° ≈Z° R>° L°$ Ap`Z° Qp `u[p _\u. bk Aphy¨ S> cp°S>__u bpb[dp¨
41
`Z b_u iL°$. Ad° Ap S> fu[° hjp£\u fluA° R>uA°. Adp°_° L$iu S> dyÌL°$gu
_X$[u _\u. DgV$p_p dl°dp_ Ap`Zp° A`L$h Aplpf ≈°B_° ≈Zhp B√R>° R>°
A_° Ap`Z_° \e°g ape]$pAp° S>epf° [° ≈Z° R>° –epf° [°Ap° `Z Ap ‚ep°N `p°[p_u
≈[ `f L$fhp ‚°fpe R>° A_° [° fu[° [°d_° `Z ape]$p° \[p¨ Ap`Z_° `Z k°hp
L$epÆ_p° Ap–dk¨[p°j dm° R>°.
L$p°B_° –ep¨ Ap`Z° dl°dp_ b_uA° –epf° iÍ$ iÍ$dp¨ Ap`Z_° np°c \pe R>°
L°$ L$ep¨ L$p°B_° l°fp_ L$fhp ? `f¨[y Mf°Mf Apd b_[y¨ _\u. b^p_° Ap`Zu cp°S>_
‚\p_p° øepg Aphu S> Nep° lp°e R>°. S>°\u [°dZ° Ap`Z° dpV°$ [°hu kNhX$ fpMu S>
lp°e R>°. Aphp° Adpfp° gp¨bp Npmp_p° A_ych R>°. L$p°B S>¡epA° L$iu S> [L$gua
`X$[u _\u. DgV$p_y¨ A°hy¨ b_° R>° L°$ L$d k° L$d A° q]$hk `|f[p¨ eS>dp_ `qfhpf `Z
h—° Ap°R>° A¨i° Ap`Z_° L¨$`_u Ap`hp L$pQy¨ Mphp_u L$p°rij L$f° R>° A_° [° fu[° _hp°
fpl rhQpfhp_u [°d_° `Z A°L$ Dd]$p [L$ dmu ≈e R>°.
gî ‚k¨N L°$ [°hp Afie kpfp / dpW$p ‚k¨Np°A° L°$ `pV$wdp¨ S>hp_y¨ \pe –epf°
kpdpfie fu[° kgpX$ lp°e S> R>°, S>° MpB g°hpe. A–epf° [p° _p_p-dp°V$p il°f L°$
NpdX$pdp¨ `Z ipL$-cpΔ-am-amp]$u dmu fl°[p lp°e R>°. [° Ap`Z° ≈[° Mfu]$u
gphu_° b^p_u h√Q° Mphp\u kpd°hpmp_° Ap`Z° bp°S>Í$` `Z _\u b_[p A_°
rhipm kdy]$pe Ap`œ¨ ≈°B_° [°hy¨ L$fhp ‚°fpe R>° [° dp°V$u k°hp R>°.
lpg_p ‚k¨Np°dp¨ Ap`Zu lpS>fu dl–h_u lp°e R>°. Mp^y¨ L°$ _ Mp^y¨ [°_y¨
A°V$gy¨ dl–h lp°[y¨ _\u. L¨$B ANhX$ S>°hy¨ S>Zpe [p° [°h° hM[° A°L$ V¨$L$ _ Mphy¨.
[°_p\u L¨$B Apc [|V$u `X$[y¨ _\u. DgV$p_y¨ D`hpk L$epÆ_p° ape]$p° dm° R>°.
Adpf° [p° Ap fu[° hui-hui hjÆ rh[u Nep. Adp°_° L$epf°e L$p°B`Z ‚L$pf_u
[L$gua `X$u _\u A_° Adpfu kp^_p fpb°[p dyS>b_u S> Qpg° R>°.
Apd R>[p¨ L$p°B`Z L$pfZkf dp_u gp° L°$ b`p°f° fp¨^°g S>dhp_u S>Í$f S>
`X$u [p° [°_° A`fp^ NZu ]¨$X$ ıhÍ$`° L°$ `Úp[p` Í$`° bu≈ q]$hk° r_S>Æmp D`hpk
L$fu _pMp°. `p` \ey¨ [p° ‚perÚ[ L$fu gBA°.
i≠Lp : 17
`p_ L$ep L$ep Mhpe ? L$pQy¨ iy¨ iy¨ Mphy¨ ? fp¨^°g cp°S>_dp¨ L$ey¨ cp°S>_ kpͨ$ ?
bpa°g-i°L°$g L°$ [m°g ?
kdp^p_ :
kpdpfie fu[° S>° F>[ydp¨ S>° `p_ D`gÂ^ lp°e [° Mhpe. S>°hp L°$ - `pgM,
d°\u, L$p°\duf (^pZpcpΔ), [ygku `”, a}]$u_p°, AS>dp°, `—p L$p°buS>, duW$p° gudX$p°,
Ap kpdpfie fu[° kdpS>dp¨ ‚Qrg[ A_° khÆ ıhuL$©[ R>°.
42
ky^u L$iy¨ S> Mphy¨ _lv (ApL$pi[–h) b`p°f° gugp`p_ [\p am (hpey A_° Arî[–h)
A_° fp”° ipL$ [\p A_pS> (fp°V$gp, fp°V$gu, L$Y$u, MuQX$u, ]$pm, cp[ hN°f°)
(S>m A_° `©’hu [–h) [°dp¨ `Z fp”° A_pS>_u dp”p Ap°R>pdp¨ Ap°R>u
[°_u S>¡epA° h^y ipL$, am A_° gugp`p__° ı\p_ Ap`hy¨ rl[phl R>°. Adpfp
Ly$Vy¨$b_u ˜uAp° Ap ‚\p A`_ph° R>°.
]•$r_L$ R>-kp[ guV$kÆ ]|$^ Ap`[u Npe [°dS> ]$i-bpf guV$kÆ ]|$^
Ap`[u c¢k fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$ L°$ Ou-]|$^ Mp[p _\u. [p° `R>u A°L$-]$p°Y$ guV$f ]|$^ dpV°$
ı”uA° fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$ [°dS> ]|$^-Ou Mphp S> ≈°BA° [°hu dpfie[p L°$V$gu hS|>]$
rh_p_u gpN° ?
DgV$p¨_ÿ Aphÿ cp°S>_ g°hp\u ]|$^_u NyZh—p bNX°$ R>°. S>°\u bpmL$_p¨ ifuf_ÿ
b¨^pfZ Mpdueyº[ \pe R>° A_° [° Ly$`p°jZ_y¨ riL$pf b_° R>°.
h^y dprl[u dpV°$ g°ML$_u "bpm DR>°f' `ysı[L$p hp¨Qu S>hp rh_¨[u.
i≠Lp : 25
"I take food as a fun" - iy¨ [° ÏepS>bu R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
D`fp°L$[ ‚Ò A°L$ k°du_pfdp¨ dpͨ$ hL$[Ïe `|ͨ$ \pe bp]$ A°L$p¨[dp¨ A°L$
X$pμL$V$f° `|R>°g. [°d_° dpfp° S>hpb l[p° - "Fun should not be for ever &
Fun should not be harmful" (a_ i|X$ _p°V$ bu ap°f A°hf A°fiX$ a_ i|X$ _p°V$
bu lpdÆazg. dp°S>ip°M L$ped dpV°$ _ lp°hp ≈°BA° A_° [° _yL$kp_L$[pÆ _ lp°hp ≈°BA°.)
ApS>L$pg dp°V$p cpN_p gp°L$p° A° cp°S>__° dp°S>ip°M_y¨ kp^_ b_phu
gu^y¨ R>°. S>° h^y MpB iL°$ [°_u ‚r[õ$p kdpS>dp¨ lp°e R>°. Adp° `Z L$p°g°S>dp¨ cZ[p¨
–epf° Mphp_u lfuapB Qpg[u. h^y Mhpe [° dpV°$ cp°S>__p kde `l°gp¨ rhrh^
‚L$pf_p° ipfuqfL$ Ód L$f[p¨ A_° `R>u kp°-kp° Nygpb≈¨by A\hp [p° 10-12 gpXy$ L°$
10-12 Opfu L°$ 15-20 ‰zV$kgpX$_p ¡gpk `u S>[p¨. ""Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[ R>°'' [°hp
c∞d\u Aphy¨ h^y `X$[y¨ Mphpdp¨ M|dpfu kdS>[p. `Z lh° øepg Aph° R>° L°$ [°
h^pfp_p Mp°fpL$\u S> ifuf eyhp_udp¨ S> OfXy¨$ \B Ney¨ - hpm hl°gp ka°]$ \ep,
]$p¨[_p° ]y$:Mphp° A_° ]$p¨[ `X$hp_y¨ iÍ$ \ey¨, QÌdp ApÏep, L$p__u [L$gua \B hN°f°
Apd _ cf`pB \B iL°$ [°hy¨ _yL$kp_ h°W$ey¨. Mp°fpL$ ip dpV°$ S>Í$fu R>° ? L$epf°
g°hp°, L°$V$gp° g°hp° A_° iy¨ g°hp° [° ≈° ≈Z[p¨ lp°[ [p° Aphy¨ ]y$Û`qfZpd dm[ _lv.
Apd A° ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ cp°S>__° dp°S>ip°M_y¨ kp^_ NZhy¨ [° M[f_pL$ M°g R>°. ‚k¨Np°`p[
L$epf°L$ Ap_¨]$-‚dp°]$ Mp[f \p°Xy¨$ h^y MpB _pMuA° [° AgN hp[ R>°. Apd R>[p¨ [°
55
R>° gp°M¨X$, fÂbf, ‡gprıV$L$ hN°f°\u S>epf° Qpg° R>°. qX$Tg, `°V≤$p°g, ıV$ud hN°f°
isº[\u (3) bm]$NpXy¨$ b_° R>°. gpL$Xy¨$, gp°M¨X$, fÂbf\u. Qpg° R>° bm]$_u isº[\u.
Apd, b¨^pfZ_u hı[y AgN R>°. S>epf° QpgL$ bm AgN R>°. Ap S> fu[° Ap`œ¨
ifuf b_°g R>°. `p¨Q [–hp°_y¨
rR>r[ S>g `phL$ NN_ kdufp $&
`¨Q frQ[ el A^d kfufp $&&
S>epf° Qpg° R>° Bfue isº[\u S>° dpZk_° JO L°$ ¬ep_ hM[° dm° R>°. Apd ifuf_p
b¨^pfZ dpV°$ A_° ifuf_p Okpfp dpV°$ dp[p_p ifuf dpfa[ bpmL$_p° NcÆ `p°jpe
R>°. S>°\u kpdpfie k¨≈°Np°dp¨ S>° Mp°fpL$_u S>Í$f `X°$ [°_p¨ L$f[p¨ h^y ‚dpZdp¨ Mp°fpL$_u
S>Í$f kNcpÆ ˜u_° [°dS> bpmL$_° ı[_`p_ L$fph[u ˜u_° fl° [° klS> ıhpcprhL$ R>°.
cp°S>_ ‚Zpgu k¨b¨^° rhQpfhpdp¨ Aph° [p° `p¨Q [–hp°_y¨ ifuf b_°g lp°hp\u `p¨Q°
`p¨Q [–hp° ep°¡e kde° ep°¡e ‚dpZdp¨ Okpfp A_ykpf lfl¨d°i `|fp `pX$hpdp¨ Aph°
[°hu cp°S>_ ‚Zpgu hpS>bu NZpe.
Mp°fpL$_u dp”p Okpfp_p ‚dpZdp¨ g°hpe. ifuf_° Okpfp° ipqffuL$ Ód_p¨
‚dpZdp¨ gpN°. [°\u S>°d_° ipqffuL$ Ód h^y lp°e [°d_° Ap°R>p ipqffuL$ Ód_u
kfMpdZudp¨ Mp°fpL$_u dp”p_u h^y S>Í$f fl°. kNcpÆ ˜u, ‚ky[p ˜u [°dS> ı[_`p_
L$fph[u ˜uA° [°d_u kpdpfie Δh_i•gu_p ‚dpZdp¨ h^y dp”pdp¨ Mp°fpL$_u S>Í$f
fl° [° ıhpcprhL$ R>°. `f¨[y ]|$^ - Ou - k|L$pd°hp - L$W$p°m hN°f° isº[]$peL$ Mp°fpL$
g°hp° [° c∞pdL$ øepg R>°. Mp°fpL$_u NyZh—p ≈°BA° [p° Mphp_p Qpf [–hp°dp¨ hpey
[–h D—d Mp°fpL$ R>°, Arî[–h d¬ed R>°. S>epf° S>m A_° `©’hu[–h L$r_Ù$ R>°.
ı\|m[p_u ◊rÙ$\u ≈°hpdp¨ Aph° [p° `©’hu[–h kp•\u h^y ı\|m R>°. S>m [–h [°_p\u
Ap°Ry>¨ ı\|m R>°. Arî[–h S>m\u Ap°Ry>¨ ı\|m R>°. hpey [–h k|ˇd R>°. S>epf°
ApL$pi[–h k|ˇd[d R>°. Ap\u A° ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ Ou - ]|$^ - L$W$p°m Ap b^p S> ı\|m,
cpf° A_° L$r_Ù$ Mp¤ R>° A_° [°\u S> ‚kyr[ `R>u ˜u_y¨ ifuf ı\|m - b°X$p°m - L$]$Í$`y¨
\B ≈e R>°. Mf°Mf ≈° bpmL$_y¨ kpͨ$ `p°jZ, kpfu h©qŸ, kpfp° ipqffuL$ [°dS> dp_rkL$
rhL$pk B√R>[p lp°BA° [p° kNcpÆ Ahı\p\u dp¨X$u_° bpmL$ ı[_`p_ L$f[y¨ lp°e,
–ep¨ ky^u Mpk ˜uA° ]|$^, Ou, L$W$p°m R>p°X$u_° fp¨¬ep hNf_p¨ am A_° gugp`p__°
Aplpfdp¨ dyøe ı\p_ Ap`hy¨ ≈°BA°. S>°_p\u ˜u_y¨ ifuf `Z ı\|m A_° b°X$p°m
b_[y¨ AV$L$u S>i°.
Apd, kNcpÆ, ‚ky[p [°dS> ı[_`p_ L$fph[u ˜uA° cp°S>_ ‚Zpgu [p°
`¨Q[–h Ap^pqf[ kd[p°g Aplpf_u S> fpMhu ≈°BA°. A°V$g° L°$ khpf\u b`p°f
54
[° D`fp¨[ Amhu_p¨ `p_, _pNfh°g_p¨ `p_, `u`f_p¨ `p_, rbgu`”,
≈damu_p¨ `p_, MfMp°X$u_p¨ `p_, ^fp°, fS>L$p° (N]$b$), Ap¨L$X$p_p¨ `p_, hN°f° hN°f°
Adp° MpBA° R>uA°. Apd R>[p¨ Ap`Zu dr[ dy¨Tpe –epf° `iy_° A_ykfhy¨.
Ap bpb[° `iy Ap`Zp L$f[p¨ h^y A_ychu R>° / l•ep kyThpmp R>°.
L$pQpdp¨ kpdpfie fu[° Ap`Z° kgpX$dp¨ h`fp[u hı[yAp°_° khÆıhuL©$[ NZu
R>°. S>°hu L°$ L$p°bu, V$d°V$p, NpS>f, d|mp, buV$, V$vX$p°fp, L$pL$X$u, QucX$p A_° rhrh^
≈[_p amp°.
[° D`fp¨[ ]|$^u, NgL$p, [|fuep (Oukp°X$p), fvNZ, cvX$p, iL$fuep, bV$pV$p,
Xy¨$Nmu, gkZ hN°f° MpB iL$pe. (L$p°B Xy¨$Nmu, gkZ, iL$fuep, bV°$V$p _ Mp[p lp°e
[p° [°dZ° [° R>p°X$u_° bpL$u_y¨ Mphy¨.)
fp¨^°g cp°S>_ A° kpQp A\Ædp¨ cp°S>_ S> _\u. S>°\u [° Mphp\u L$p°B S>
ape]$p° _\u. _yL$kp_ S> R>°. Apd R>[p¨ S>N[ ApMy¨ fp¨^°g cp°S>__° S> Aplpf dp_°
R>°. [° _ Mpe –ep¨ ky^u L$pQy¨ Nd° [°V$gy¨ Mp^y¨ lp°e R>[p¨ Mp^y¨ S> _\u [°hy¨ dl°kyk L$f°
R>°. fp¨^°g Aplpf _ g° –ep¨ ky^u S>Áep_p° k¨[p°j S> \[p° _\u. Ap\u fp¨^°g cp°S>_
cg° _yL$kp_L$pfL$ li° R>[p¨ Mp^p hNf fl°hpi° _lv. L$pfZ L°$ [°_u V°$h `X$u NB R>°.
[°_y¨ Ïek_ / b¨^pZ \B Ney¨ R>°. lh° Ïek_u_° hmu `k¨]$Nu L°$hu ? S>°_° NyV$Mp,
buX$u, [dpLy$, ]$pÍ$ hN°f°_u g[ S> gpNu NB R>° [° [°_u Qy¨Npgdp¨ akpB S> Nep° R>°,
`R>u `k¨]$Nu_u hp[ S> Aph[u _\u. [° S>°_p° `Z Ïek_u R>° [° gu^p hNf flu
iL$i° S> _lv.
Ap`Z° `Z fp¨^°g cp°S>__p Nygpd / Ïek_u b_u Nep R>uA° –epf°
`k¨]$Nu_p° khpg S> D`sı\[ \[p° _\u. S>° cph° R>° A_° S>° aph° R>° [° MpBA°. ≈° L°$
]$pÍ$X$uep° `Z L$ep° ]$pÍ$ Ap°R>p° _yL$kp_ L$f° R>° [°hp° ]$pÍ$ h^y `k¨]$ L$fi°. [°d Ap`Z° `Z
Ap°Ry>¨ _yL$kp_L$pfu fp¨^°g cp°S>_ `k¨]$ L$fu iL$uA°. Ap dpV°$ A°L$ dp`]¨$X$ R>° : "cpf°
`Zp_p°' S>° `Qhpdp¨ h^y cpf° lp°e [° h^y _yL$kp_L$pfL$ lp°hp\u Ap°Ry>¨ Mphy¨ ≈°BA°.
S>epf° `Qhpdp¨ lgL$p° Mp°fpL$ Ap°R>p° _yL$kp_L$pfL$ lp°e [°_u dp”p/‚dpZ cp°S>_dp¨
h^y fpMhy¨ ≈°BA°.
Ap ◊rÙ$A° ]$pm-cp[, MuQX$u-L$Y$u, fp°V$gu-`|fu, ]|$^-Ou-[°g h^y
_yL$kp_L$pfu lp°B Ap°R>p Mphp ≈°BA°. S>epf° ipL$-cpΔ ‚dpZdp¨ Ap°R>p _yL$kp_L$pfu
lp°B h^y Mphp ≈°BA°. A°V$g° L°$ Ap`Zp° S>°V$gp° Mp°fpL$ lp°e [°_p 60 \u
43
70 V$L$p ipL$cpΔ Mphp ≈°BA°. S>epf° 30 \u 40 V$L$p bpL$u_y¨ A_pS>-L$W$p°m A°V$g°
L°$ ]$pm-cp[, MuQX$u-L$Y$u, fp°V$gu, ]|$^-Ou-[°g hN°f° Mphp ≈°BA°.
bu≈° dp`]¨$X$ R>° : "f¨^pey¨ [° N¨^pey¨'
Mp°fpL$ f¨^php\u kX$hp_u ‚qæ$ep Qpgy \B ≈e R>°. Ap\u hpku Mp°fpL$ _
Mphp° A°hy¨ kdpS>dp¨ ‚Qrg[ R>°. `f¨[y S>° Mp°fpL$ blpf `X$e° `X$e° hpku \B_° bNX°$
R>° [° S> Mp°fpL$ `°V$dp¨ `X$e° `X$e° hpku \B_° bNX°$ R>°. Ap\u Aphp° Mp°fpL$ A°V$gp
Ap°R>p ‚dpZdp¨ Mphp° ≈°BA° L°$ [° kdekf ApNm _uL$mu ≈e, blpf a¢L$pB ≈e,
ifufdp¨ S>dp _ fl°. fp¨^hp_u `¬^r[dp¨ dyøe–h° bpahp_y¨, i°L$hp_y¨, [mhp_y¨ lp°e
R>°. Ap`Zp° A_ych R>° L°$ bpa°g Mp°fpL$dp¨ `pZu_y¨ ‚dpZ krhi°j lp°B_° S>g]$u\u
bNX°$ R>°; i°L°$g Mp°fpL$dp¨ `pZu_y¨ ‚dpZ Ap°Ry>¨ lp°B_° [°_° bNX$[p \p°X$u h^y hpf
gpN° R>°. bpa°g Mp°fpL$_p L$f[p dp°X$p° bNX°$ R>°. S>epf° [m°g Mp°fpL$dp¨ `pZu ≈≈
cpN_y¨ bmu ≈e R>°. Ap\u Aphp° Mp°fpL$ gp¨bp° kde ky^u bNX$[p° _\u. Ap\u S>
dykpafudp¨ dyøe–h° [m°gp° Mp°fpL$ gB S>hpe R>°.
Ap ◊rÙ$A° ≈°[p¨ bpa°g Aplpf h^y ≈°Mdu R>°. i°L°$g Ap°R>p° A_° [m°g
kp•\u Ap°R>p° ≈°Mdu R>°. `f¨[y ≈°Mdu [p° b^p S> R>°. _yL$kp_L$pfL$ [p° b^p S> R>°.
Ap\u [°_p\u b^p\u bQhpdp¨ S> X$lp`Z R>°.
i≠Lp : 18
Δ¨]$Nu ApMu fp¨^°g S> Mp^y¨ R>°. lh° A°L$pA°L$ L$pQp `f L°$d Aphhy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
hp[ kpQu R>°. dpfu `Z A° S> lpg[ l[u. `f¨[y S>epf° d_\u A°L$ hp[
_Ω$u \B NB L°$ fp¨^°g Aplpf _yL$kp_ L$f° R>°. [p° A°hp° _yL$kp_u_p° ^¨^p° ≈Zu ≈°B_°
ip dpV°$ L$fhp° ? ApS> ky^u A≈Z l[p –ep¨ ky^u M|b S> fp¨^°g hp_NuAp° Mp^u
A_° L$pQp Aplpf_° cp°S>_dp¨ ı\p_ S> _ l[y¨. L$pQy¨ kgpX$ `Z "Op¨k - a}k, Y$p°f_p°
Mp°fpL$' NZu_° Mphp_y¨ V$pm[p°. ApS>° sı\r[ `gV$pB NB R>°. fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$ Mphp° S>
d_° `k¨]$ _\u. hjp£\u dpfu `–_u_° lz¨ L$lz¨ Ry>¨ L°$ Ofdp¨ fkp°Xy¨$ b¨^ L$f. [dpd fp°Np°_y¨
d|m fkp°Xy¨$ S> R>°. [°_° `Z OZp S> fp°Np° S>°hp L°$ dpBN∞°B_, A°kuX$uV$u, kp¨^p_p° hp
hN°f° hjp£ S|>_p L$p°B`Z ]$hp L°$ Afie fu[° dV$[p _ l[p [° fp¨^°g cp°S>_ Ap°Ry>¨ L$fu
L$pQp_y¨ ‚dpZ h^pfhp\u r_d|Æm \B Nep. hjp£\u ]$hp_u S>Í$f `X$u _\u. ApV$ApV$gp°
ky^pfp° lp°hp R>[p¨ [° A°L$ kde fp”° fp¨^°g cp°S>_ Mphp_p° ApN∞l S>[p° L$fu iL$[u
_\u A_° kp\p°kp\ d_° `Z S>L$X$u fpM° R>°. Ap_° Apksº[ L$luA° L°$ cNhp__u
dpep L$luA° L°$ Ïek_ L$luA°. S>° L$luA° [° `Z Ap lL$uL$[ R>°.
44
‚e–_° dp” A°L$ q]$hk_p° D`hpk L$fhp°. afu \p°X$p° kdeNpmp° S>hp ]$B_° b° q]$hk_p¨
D`hpk L$fhp. Apd L$fhp\u D`hpk L$fhp_u `Z ifuf_° V°$h `X$i° A_° `p°[p_p°
Ap–drhpk h^[p° S>i°. S>°\u A°L$ kde A°hp° Aphi° L°$ `p°[° S> _Ω$u L$fu iL$i° L°$
lh° `p°[p_p\u kp[, ApW$ L°$ _h q]$hk_p D`hpk Qp°Ω$k \B iL$i°. Ap `Z A°L$
‚L$pf_p° AÊepk A\hp [p° ipqffuL$ L°$mhZu R>°. Ap fu[° X$pepbuV$uk A\hp bu≈
L$p°B `Z ‚L$pf_p° fp°Nu D`hpk L$fu iL°$ R>° A_° D`hpk L$fhp AphÌeL$ `Z R>° A_°
khÆ fu[° ape]$pL$pfL$ S> R>°. dpV°$ S> L$l°hpey¨ R>° L°$ "g¨O_dπ `fdπ Ap•j^dπ'
i≠Lp : 23
√lp/L$p°au `uhpdp¨ [p° L¨$B hp¨^p° _lv _° ?
kdp^p_ :
√lp kp•\u M[f_pL$ cp°S>_ R>°. [°hy¨ h•rL$ ı[f° h•opr_L$ k¨ip°^_p°_y¨ [pfZ
R>°. ]$pÍ$ A_° dp¨k L$f[p `Z R>\u ApW$ NZp _yL$kp_L$pfu [°≈b √lpdp¨ R>°. √lpdp¨
h`fp[u c|L$u / `—u / `p_ M|b S> [°≈bu NyZhpmp R>°. ]|$^ _yL$kp_L$pfu R>°. Mp¨X$
`Z ka°]$ T°f R>°. Ap [dpd _yL$kp_L$pfu hı[yAp°_° `pR>p M|b S> Nfd L$fhpdp¨ Aph°
R>°. S>°\u _yL$kp_u_u dp”p A_°L$NZu h^u ≈e R>°. L$p°au `Z √lp_u dpkuApB R>°.
√lp b¨^ L$fhp\u OZp fp°Np°dp¨ ape]$p \ep_p `yÛL$m ]$pMgpAp° R>°.
i≠Lp : 24
kNcpÆ ˜uA° [°dS> bpmL$_° ı[_`p_ L$fph[u ˜uA° L°$hu cp°S>_ ‚Zpgu
A`_phhu ≈°BA° ?
kdp^p_ :
lpg_p kdedp¨ kdpS>dp¨ A°hu dpfie[p ‚Qrg[ R>° L°$ kNcpÆ ˜uA°, ‚ky[p
˜uA° [°dS> bpmL$_° ı[_`p_ L$fph[u ˜uA° Ou, ]|$^, L$W$p°m, k|L$pd°hp S>°hp° h^y
isº[]$peL$ Mp°fpL$ Mphp° ≈°BA°. S>°\u bpmL$_p ifuf_p° DR>°f kpfp° \pe A_° dp[p_y¨
ifuf nuZ _ \pe. [°dS> dp[p_u isº[ S>mhpB fl°.
Ap dpfie[p `pR>m_p° d|mc|[ øepg A° R>° L°$ Mp°fpL$\u ifuf_y¨ b¨^pfZ
\pe R>°. [°dS> Mp°fpL$\u S> isº[ dm° R>°. \p°Xy¨$L$ JX$pZ`|hÆL$ rhQpfuiy¨ [p° øepg
Aphi° L°$ S>° QuS> S>°_p\u b_° R>° [°_p\u Qpg[u _\u. A_°L$ ]$pMgpAp° [° dpV°$
Ap`u iL$pe. S>°dp¨_p \p°X$p A”° S>Zph°g R>°. (1) `¨Mp° b_° R>°. gp°M¨X$, [p¨by hN°f°\u
S>epf° Qpg° R>° rhS>muL$ isº[\u (2) qX$Tg, `°V≤$p°g, ıV$ud A°fiΔ_p° b_°
53
dp\y¨ ]y$:Mhy¨ L°$ ifuf_p¨ Afie A¨Np°dp¨ ]y$:Mphp° \i°, bpmu _pMhp_u S>Í$f li° [p°
[ph Aphi° hN°f°... hN°f°... `p°[p_u A¨]$f_p L$Qfp_p¨ ‚L$pf dyS>b_u kp•_° AgN
AgN A_yc|r[ \i°. S>°\u NcfpB S>hp_u L°$ ]$hpMp_° ]$p°X$u S>hp_u S>Í$f _\u. `f¨[y
S>° L¨$B \B f¸y¨ R>° [° kapB L$peÆ \B f¸y¨ R>°. S>° ifuf_° r_dÆm L$fhp \B f¸y¨ R>° A_°
ifuf r_dÆm \i° [p° S> [° r_fp°Nu \i° dpV°$ S>° L¨$B ‚L$pf_u [L$gua A_ychpe R>° [°
kpfp dpV°$ R>°. L$pfZ L°$ [° S>Í$fu S> R>°. [°_p¨ hNf L$Qfp° _uL$mhp° k¨crh[ S> _\u dpV°$
S>°d ‚kyr[_u `uX$p ‚ky[p kl_ L$f° R>° [°hp S> cph\u Ap `uX$p kl_ L$fhu flu.
Apd R>[p¨ `p°[p_° Ap ‚L$pf_p° A_ych _ lp°hp\u kphQ°[u Í$`° g°hp[p¨ `Ngp_u
≈Z _ lp°hp\u X$f gpNhp° ıhpcprhL$ R>°. Ap\u A_ychu kp^L$_p dpNÆ]$iÆ_ l°W$m
S> D`hpk L$fhp_u kgpl R>° [°dS> "D`hpk' dpV°$_y¨ dpNÆ]$iÆ_/dprl[u Ap`[y≠
g°ML$_y≠ Afie kprl–e Sp°hy≠. D`hpk L$fhp kl°gp R>° `Z D`hpk R>p°X$hp [° X$lp`Z_y¨
L$pd R>°. S>°dp¨ kdS>, ^ufS> A_° ÷Y$ d_p°bm_u S>Í$f `X°$ R>°.
X$pepbuV$uk \e°gp° ]$]$w dp_rkL$ fu[° `Z D`hpk dpV°$ [•epf _\u lp°[p°.
[°_p dpV°$ A_°L$ `yfpZp c∞pdL$ øepgp° S>hpb]$pf lp°e R>° A_° ≈° ]$]$w [•epf `Z \B
≈e [p° X$pμL$V$fp°, kb¨r^Ap°, rd”p° [°_° fp°L$i°. Apd R>[p¨ `Z ≈° [° D`hpk L$fi° A_°
_ L$f° _pfpeZ _° L¨$BL$ ipfuqfL$ [L$gua L$p°BL$ bu≈ S> L$pfZ° \i° [p° kp• L$p°B [°_p `f
[|V$u `X$i° A_° [L$gua dpV°$ D`hpk_° L$pfZc|[ b_phu ]°$i° A_° [° fu[° `Z ]$]$w_y¨
d_p°bm [p°X$u _pMu [°_° `pR>p° `pX$i°. lL$uL$[° Aphy¨ h[Æ_ L$fhp `pR>m [°Ap°_p° L$p°B
b]$Bfp]$p° _\u lp°[p°. DgV$p_p° ]$]$w ‚–e°_p° ‚°d, k]π$cph, kpfu gpNZu lp°hp_p gu^°
[°d L$f° R>°. L$pfZ L°$ [°d_p¨ d_dp¨ Mp°V$p c∞pfi[ øepgp° `X°$gp R>°. Ap\u Aphu
`qfsı\r[dp¨\u bQhp dpV°$ ]$]$wA° ^uf° ^uf° D`hpk [fa ApNm h^hp_p° fı[p°
A`_phhp° rl[phl R>°. Ap dpV°$ kp• ‚\d ]$]$wA° `©’hu [–h A°V$g° L°$ A_pS> - L$W$p°m
S>° ‚dpZdp¨ g°[p lp°e, [° ‚dpZ A°L$]$d Ap°R>u dp”pdp¨ OV$pX$[y¨ S>hy¨ ≈°BA°. Apd
L$f[p¨ L$f[p¨ gp¨bp Npm° `©’hu [–h Mp°fpL$dp¨\u _uL$mu S>i°. [° `qfsı\r[_° ifuf
V°$hpB ≈e –epfbp]$ S>m [–h OV$pX$[p¨ S>hy¨ A_° [°_u S>¡epA° [°V$gp S> ‚dpZdp¨
Arî[–h Dd°f[p¨ S>hy¨. bfpbf [° S> fu[° Arî[–hdp¨ OV$pX$p° L$f[p¨ S>B_° hpey [–h_°
k‚dpZ h^pf[p S>hy¨. Apd L$f[p¨ L$f[p¨ Arî[–h i|fie `f Aphu S>i° A_° hpey
[–h\u S> L$pd Qpg[y¨ \i°. bp]$ hpey [–h_p° `Z OV$pX$p° \[p¨ ApL$pi[–h `f Aphu
iL$pi°. Apd A°L$ `R>u A°L$ [–hp°_p° æ$rdL$ –epN L$f[p fl°hp\u ifuf _hu `qfsı\r[_°
A_y Í $ ` \[y ¨ S>i° , V° $ h p[y ¨ S>i° . S>° \ u D`hpk hM[_p¨ D`÷hp° _ p° kpd_p°
Ap° R >p° L$ f hp° `X$ i ° . hmu A° L $ u kp\° gp¨ b p D`hpk _ L$ f [p¨ `l° g p
52
Ap d__u sı\r[ R>°. d_° fp¨^°g cp°S>__p° dp°l R|>V$u Nep° R>°. DgVy$ [° Mphy¨
kpÍ$ _\u gpN[y¨. S>epf° dpfu `–_u_° ApV$ApV$gp° Qd–L$pqfL$ ape]$p° lp°hp R>[p¨ [°
A°L$ kde fp¨^°g cp°S>__p° ApN∞l R>p°X$u iL$[u _\u. Apd ]$f°L$_u dp_rkL$ rk\r[
A°L$ kfMu lp°[u _\u. S>°_y¨ d_ dp_u ≈e R>° [°_p\u klS> R|>V$u ≈e R>°. k¨kpf_p°
dp°l `Z R|>V$u ≈e R>° S>°d L°$ dufpbpB, _ftkl dl°[p, cNhp_ byŸ hN°f°... hN°f°...
S>epf° ]y$ep£^_ L$l° R>° L°$ lz¨ ≈œ¨ Ry>¨ R>[p¨ R>p°X$u iL$[p° _\u. Ap dp_rkL$ _bmpB R>°.
Ap\u `Z Ap`Z° fı[pAp° L$pY$hp f¸p. fp¨^°g cp°S>_ A°L$ TpV$L°$ S>°_p\u
_ R|>V$u iL°$ [° fp°V$gp-fp°V$gu, ]$pm-cp[, MuQX$u-L$Y$u hN°f°_ÿ cp°S>_dp¨ ‚dpZ OV$pX$[p
≈e A_° [°V$gy¨ S> ipL$-cpΔ_y¨ ‚dpZ h^pf[p ≈e. b`p°f_p cp°S>_dp¨ `Z Ap
fu[° L$f[p L$f[p ]$pm-cp[-fp°V$gu_° r[gp¨S>gu Ap`u ]$° A_° ipL$cpΔ `f Aphu
≈e –epfbp]$ ipL$cpΔ `Z _ Mp[p ipL$cpΔ_p° k|` b_phu_° `uhp_y¨ fpM°. `R>u
k|`_u dp”p OV$pX$[p ≈e A_° am [\p kgpX$_y¨ ‚dpZ h^pf[p ≈e. Ap fu[° ^uf°
^uf° L$pQp `f Aphu S>hpi°.H[ CJ[ C]\ VFJL UIM K]\P DFZL 5ltG V[SF\TZ[ ZF+[
ZF\W[, BFI K[P
i≠Lp : 19
dpfp\u [p° c|øep¨ S> _\u fl°hp[y¨ [p° ApL$pi[–h iu fu[° N∞lZ L$fhy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
ApL$pi[–h iu fu[° N∞lZ L$fhy¨ ? [°dp¨ "N∞lZ L$fhy¨' [° qæ$ep R>° A_° qæ$ep_°
kp^_p kp\° k¨b¨^ _\u. "kdS>hy¨' A\hp "dp_hy¨' [° S> b° fı[p R>°. S>° op_ A_°
csº[ dpNÆ A\hp rhop_ A_° A›ep–d_p¨ fı[p `Z L$lu iL$pe.
chp_u i¨L$fp° hfi]°$ Ó¬^p rhpk f|r`Zp• $&
epÊep¨ rh_p _ `Ìesfi[ rk¬^p: ıhpfi[: ı\rdÌhfdπ $&&
(rkŸ `yfyjp°_° `Z `p°[p_u A¨]$f fl°g Bf S>°_p hNf ]°$Mp[p° _\u [°
chp_u A_° i¨L$f_u Ó›^p A_° rhpk Í$`° lz¨ h¨]$_p L$fy¨ Ry>¨.)
qæ$ep_° `p°[p_y¨ `qfZpd _\u. cph ‚dpZ° `qfZpd dm°. S>°d L°$ qæ$ep
Qpghp_u lp°e `Z ıhpı’e ky^pfZp dpV°$ dp°r_ØN hp°L$ L°$ Bh_vN hp°L$dp¨ S>_pf_°
‚azrâ[[p S>Zpe R>°. S>epf° [°V$gy¨ S> _p°L$fu A\£ Qpg[p° V$`pgu \pL$u ≈e R>° A_°
ifuf Okp[y¨ ≈e R>°. [° S> fu[° qæ$ep "_ Mphp_u' lp°e S>°dp¨ kfl]°$ gX$[p¨ k•r_L$p° L°$
ep”pA° Ne°gp¨ ep”pmyAp°_° Mphp_u hı[y_p° `yfhW$p° _lv `lp¢Q° [p° c|M\u 15-20
q]$hkdp¨ dfu S>i°. S>epf° [° S> _ Mphp_u qæ$ep\u D`hpkuAp° [fu S>i°, hN°f°
45
A_°L$ ]$pMgpAp°\u kdΔ iL$pi° L°$ qæ$ep_° `p°[p_y¨ `fuZpd _\u. Ap\u S> kpQu
hp[ kdS>hu M|b S> S>Í$fu R>°. S>°\u ÓŸp A\hp rhpk_p° S>fid \i°.
[p° kpQu hp[ A° R>° L°$ "Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[ R>° S> _lv L°$ S>° Ap`Z° dp_u f¸p
R>uA°.' Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[ dp_[p lp°hp_° gu^° khpf° DW$[p_u kp\° _pı[p° L$fuA° R>uA°.
√lp - ]|$^ - L$p°au\u `Z isº[-ıa}r[Æ dmi° [°d dp_u_° ApMp° q]$hk A_°L$ hM[
`°V$dp¨ `^fpÏep L$fuA° R>uA°. ApN∞lhi, ıhp]$hi Mp-Mp L$epÆ L$fuA° R>uA°. L$kde°
A_° S>Í$f\u h^y `°V$dp¨ S>[y¨ cp°S>_ fp°N_y¨ L$pfZ b_° R>°. [°\u S> \pL$ gpN° R>°,
eyhp_u Vy¨$L$pB ≈e R>°. OX$`Z hl°gy¨ Aph° R>°. ApeyÛe Ap°Ry≠ \B ≈e R>°. L$peÆnd[p
OV°$ R>°, dp_rkL$ ÏeN∞[p fl° R>°. Aphp A_°L$ Ar_Ù$p°_p° cp°N b_uA° R>uA°. Mp°fpL$\u
ifuf b¨^pe R>° A_° ifuf_p° Okpfp° `|fpe R>°. `p¨Q [–hp°_y¨ ifuf b_°g lp°hp\u
q]$hk ]$fÁep_ gpN[p° Okpfp° `|fhp `p¨Q [–hp° ≈°BA°, S>°_° kd[p°g Aplpf L$l°hpe.
`©’hu, S>m, Arî, hpey, ApL$pi. Ap `p¨Q [–hp°dp¨ kp•\u lgLy¨$ ApL$pi[–h
R>° A_° kp•\u cpf° `©’hu [–h R>°. L$p°B`Z diu__° gp°X$ `f g°hy¨ lp°e –epf° ^uf°^uf°
g°hpe. A°V$g° L°$ lgL$p\u cpf° [fa S>hpe. Ap\u S> khpf° DW$[p_u kp\° lgL$pdp¨
lgLy¨$ [–h ApL$pi [–h g°hpe. b`p°f° d¬ed hpey A_° Arî[–h [\p fp”° cpf° S>m
A_° `©’hu [–h g°hpe. L$iy¨ S> dp¢dp¨ _ _p¨Mhy¨ [° ApL$pi[–h R>°. ApV$gy¨ ≈° kdΔ
S>hpe [p° d_ ıhuL$pfu g°i°. d_ kh£ Bfi÷ep°_p° fp≈ R>°, [°_p° L$pby ]$f°L$ Brfi÷ep° `f
R>°. Ap\u ≈° d_ dp_u S>i° [p° qæ$ep L$fhu _lv `X°$, Ap`p°Ap` \i° A_° [°\u `R>u
khpf\u b`p°f ky^u L$iy¨ S> _lv gp° R>[p¨ L$iu S> [L$gua `X$i° _lv. d_ ≈° dpfiey¨
_lv lp°e A_° R>[p¨ qæ$ep L$fip° A°V$g° L°$ khpf\u b`p°f ky^u L$iy¨ S> _ g°hp_u L$p°rij
L$fip° [p° [° d_ `f bmS>bfu\u W$p°L$u b°kpX$hp_u hp[ R>° S>° d_ kl_ L$fu g°i°
_lv. S>°\u A_°L$ [L$guap° Dcu \i° S>°hu L°$ `°V$dp¨ Ak¸ c|M_u h°]$_p, QΩ$f Aphhp,
dp\y¨ kM[ ]y$:Mhy¨, ifuf L$p¨`hy¨, `ku_p° R|>V$hp°, b°Q°_u gpNhu hN°f° hN°f° S>°_°
d°qX$L$g kpefik_u `qfcpjpdp¨ kyNf Ap°R>u \B S>hu L°$ h^u S>hu L°$ [°hp bu≈
A_°L$ _pd Ap`u iL$pe. d|mcy[ hp[ A° R>° L°$ d__u rhÍ$¬^_u qæ$ep kpd°_u d_
‹pfp \[u [° ‚r[qæ$ep R>°. Ap\u lh° b° fı[p Ap`Zu `pk° fl° R>°.
(1) Ap kp^_p_p¨ `\ `f S>° kp^L$p° R>° [°_p¨ k[[ k¨`LÆ$dp¨ flu lL$pfp–dL$ ArcNd
L°$mhu kpQu hp[ kdS>hp L$p°rij L$fhu [\p [°_° gN[p kprl–e_y¨ hp¨Q_
h^pfhy¨ A_° [° fu[° d__° Convince L$fhy¨.
(2) `l°gp° fı[p° L$p°B`Z L$pfZ° A_yLy$m _\u Aph[p° [p° bu≈° fı[p° R>°. ^uf° ^uf°
V°$h `pX$u_° d__° kd≈hhy¨. Ap dpV°$ :
46
≈e R>° S>°_° Ap`Z° A°rkX$uV$u L$luA° R>uA°. ‚pZisº[/Q°[_p isº[ Í$`° cNhp_
Ap`Zp ifufdp¨\u dm L$pY$hp dpV°$ kapB L$peÆ k[[ L$epÆ L$f° R>°. [°_u `Z depÆ]$p
lp°e R>° [° depÆ]$p_u A¨]$f S>°V$gp° `Z L$Qfp° ifufdp¨ S>dp \[p° lp°e [°V$gp° cNhp_
L$pY$u _p¨M° R>°. `f¨[y [°_u L$Qfp° L$pY$hp_u isº[ depÆ]$p\u h^pf° ‚dpZdp¨ S>epf° L$Qfp_u
AphL$ ifufdp¨ lp°e –epf° ≈hL$ L$f[p¨ AphL$ h^u S>hp_p L$pfZ° lh° h^pfp_p° L$Qfp°
ifufdp¨ S>dp \ep L$fi°. hmu, dm\u S> rQL$pi (L$a) `Z \pe R>°.
X$pepbuV$uk `Z Ap S> fu[° \pe R>°. L$p°B`Z fp°N Ap S> fu[° \pe R>°.
Ap\u lh° buΔ hp[ `Z ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ ≈° fp°N dV$pX$hp° lp°e [p° ifufdp¨ A°L$”u[ dm_°
L$pY$hp° S> f¸p°. Ap dm A°V$g° Ap¨[fX$p ‹pfp k¨X$pk\u _uL$m[p° dm A°hp° A\Æ _\u
`Z ifufdp¨ hZh`fpe°g Mp°fpL$ S>° L$p°B ıhÍ$`° S>° L$p°B S>¡epA° fl°g lp°e [° b^p_°
dm L$l°hpe S>° gp°lu_u fL$[hplu_uAp°_u q]$hpgp°dp¨ `Z Qp¢V°$g lp°B iL°$ S>° gp°lu_u
A¨]$f `Z cm°gp° lp°B iL°$ S>° kp¨^pAp°dp¨ cfpe°gp° `Z lp°B iL°$.
Ap¨[fX$pdp¨ cfpe°g dm A°r_dp gB_° `Z L$pY$u iL$pe, lp°S>fudp¨_p° dm NS>L$fZu
qæ$ep\u `Z L$pY$u iL$pe, `f¨[y [° rkhpe_p° ifufdp¨ A_°L$ S>¡epA° M|Z° Mp¨Qf°
cfpe°g dm L$pY$hp_u Ap`Zu `pk° L$p°B Ïehı\p _\u S>° cNhp_ My]$ L$pY$u _p¨M° R>°
dp” [° L$pY$hp dpV°$_u [L$ [°_° Ap`Z° `|fu `pX$hu flu A_° [° [L$ A°V$g° `°V$dp¨ L$iy¨
_pMhy¨ _lv S>°\u [° kapB_y¨ L$pd Ïehsı\[ L$fu iL°$. Apd `°V$dp¨ L$iy¨ _ _p¨Mhy¨ [° R>°
kpQp° "D`hpk'. Ap\u lh° A° `Z ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ ≈° fp°N r_d|Æm L$fhp° lp°e [p°, D`hpk
afΔep[ R>° [° fp°N L$p°B`Z lp°B iL°$ A_° [°\u S> X$pepbuV$ukhpmpA° `Z D`hpk
L$fhp° afΔep[ R>°. "X$pepbuV$ukhpmpA° D`hpk _ L$fpe' A°hu kgpl d°qX$L$g kpefik
Ap`° R>° A_° [°\u S> X$pepbuV$uk dV$[p° _\u bÎL°$ h¬e° ≈e R>°. X$pepbuV$uk,
A°kuX$uV$u, \pBfp°BX$, dpBN∞°B_hpmp A_°L$ gp°L$p° D`hpk L$fu_° fp°NdyL$[ \ep R>°.
S>°hp D`hpk Qpgy \i° L°$ [yf[ S> cNhp_ ‚pZisº[ ‹pfp ifuf_u kapB
Qpgy L$fu ]°$i°. S>°hp° L$Qfp° [°hu kapB. Ofdp¨ kpdpfie fS>L$Z li° [p° TpXy$ dpfu_°
kapB \B iL$i°. `Z ]$pm-ipL$ Y$p°mpe°g li° [p° [°_° `pZudp¨ `gpmu fpMu `p°[y¨
L$fu_° kapB L$fhu `X$i°. [° S> fu[° Ou-[°g-Ap°Bg `°BfiV$ Y$p°mpe°gp li° [p° `pZu\u
`Z kpa _lv \pe –epf° L°$fp°ku_ A\hp bu≈ fkpeZp° hp`fu_° [°dS> hpef b∞i\u
bm`|hÆL$ kpa L$fhy¨ `X$i°. Ap S> fu[° ifufdp¨ S>°hp° L$Qfp° li° [°hu kapB \i° hmu
A°L$\u h^y ‚L$pf_p¨ L$Qfp li° [p° L$ep° L$Qfp° `l°gp L$pY$hp° L$ep° –epfbp]$ [°_p° AN∞[pæ$d
‚pZisº[ `p°[° S> _Ω$u L$fu_° kapB L$fi°. L$p°B L$Qfp° lp°S>fudp¨\u dp¢ hpV°$ _uL$m°
[°hp° li° [p° DgV$u \i°, Ap¨[fX$p hpV°$ _uL$m° [°d li° [p° N°k \i° S>°_y¨ ]$bpZ \[p¨
51
ıhÍ$`° My]$ cNhp_ bufpS>° R>°. S>° Mp°fpL$ `Qph° R>° A_° ifuf_° iyŸ fpM° R>°. Ap\u
Ap`Z° iy¨, L$epf°, L°$V$gy¨ A_° ip dpV°$ Mphy¨ [°_u kpQu `Ÿr[ ≈Zu g°hu ≈°BA°. _lv
[p° L$kde°, h^y ‚dpZdp¨ bu_S>Í$fu QuS> hı[yAp° Mp-Mp L$epÆ L$fuA° S>° S>W$fprîÍ$`°
Ap`Zpdp¨ fl°g cNhp__p° r_fp]$f L$fu A–epQpf L$ep£ NZpe. S>°_y¨ `qfZpd R>°
"]y$:M' A_° ipqffuL$ ı[f `f_p Ap ]y$:M_° Ap`Z° L$luA° R>uA° : "fp°N'.
[°dS> Afie ]y$:Mp°_y¨ d|m `Z cNhp__p° A_p]$f S> R>°. Apd ifuf_°
Mp°fpL$_u S>°V$gu S>Í$f R>° [°V$gu S> bÎL°$ [°_p\u h^y [°_° kpa fpMhp_u S>Í$f R>°. S>°
dpV°$ D`hpk A° A°L$dp” kp^_ R>°. D`hpk\u S>°d ifuf_y¨ iyqŸL$fZ \pe R>° [° S>
fu[° [°_u kp\° k¨L$mpe°g d_, byqŸ, rQ—, Aldπ_u `Z iyqŸ \pe R>° A_° Ap\u S>
D`hpk\u fp°N dysº[ [p° \pe S> R>°, h^ydp¨ Brfi÷ep°_° \pL$ r_h©r— dp_rkL$ [Zph,
byqŸdp¨ ce, X$f, tQ[p, Aldπdp¨ rhep°N_u r_h©r— \[p¨ AM¨X$ isº[, AM¨X$ Ap_¨]$,
AM¨X$ op_, AM¨X$ ‚°d_u ‚pr· \pe R>° S>° cNhp__y¨ ıhÍ$` R>°. A°V$g° L°$ D`hpk\u
Ap`Z_° k[π, rQ— Ap_¨]$ ıhÍ$` cNhp__u D`gsÂ^ \pe R>°. S>°_p¨ D]$plfZ ıhÍ$`
dp `phÆ[uΔA° D`hpk L$epÆ A_° ApL$pihpZu \B A_° cNhp_ rihΔ kp\° gî \ep.
d_y k[Í$`pA° D`hpk L$epÆ A_° am ıhÍ$`° ‚cy `pk°\u hf]$p_ d˛eÿ A_° bu≈ S>fiddp¨
`y” ıhÍ$`° fpd d˛ep.
fpÙ≤$r`[p dlp–dp Np¨^uΔA° `Z D`hpk_u Aphu S> dl—p kd≈h°g R>°.
S>epf° S>°_° `Z isº[_u S>Í$f `X$u [°dZ° D`hpk_u D`pk_p / kp^_p ‹pfp isº[
d°mh°g R>°.
Apd, D`hpk\u fp°N dysº[ [p° kfm A_° klS> bpb[ R>°. `Z isº[
d°mhhp A_° ‚cy ‚pr· ky^u `Z `lp¢Qu iL$pe R>° S>° D`hpk_u AN–e[p A_°
dl—p kdS>hp dpV°$ `|f[y¨ R>°.
h^y rhN[ dpV°$ g°ML_y≠ Afie kprl–e Sp°hy≠.
i≠Lp : 22
X$pepbuV$ukhpmp D`hpk L$fu iL°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
X$pepbuV$uk A° A°L$ fp°N R>°. fp°N_p¨ Sy>]$p Sy>]$p A_°L$ _pdp° Ap`Z° Ap‡ep
R>°. lL$uL$[° fp°N A° ifuf_p° NyZ^dÆ R>°. ifuf k]$p r_fp°Nu fl°hp L$p°rij L$f° R>°. A_°
[° r_fp°Nu –epf° S> flu iL°$ S>epf° ifufdp¨ dm _ lp°e. L$pfZ L°$ dm S>dp \hp\u [°
kX°$ R>° [°_p\u N°k \pe R>°. [°dp¨\u ]y$NØ^ `°]$p \pe R>°. [°dp¨ MV$pi (A°kuX$) Aphu
50
(A) khpf_p¨ _pı[p_p° kde W°$g[p S>hp° : khpf° kp[ hpN° _pı[p° g°[p
lp° [° khpkp[, kpX$p kp[, ApW$, _h A°d L$f[p¨ L$f[p¨ b`p°f_p bpf ky^u W°$gu ]$p°.
(b) "A' dyS>b A_yL|$m _ lp°e [p° - _pı[p_p ‚dpZdp¨ æ$di: ^uf° ^uf°
OV$pX$p° L$f[p ≈Ap°. S>° _pı[p° g°[p lp° [°dp¨\u 60 dp° cpN `l°gp q]$hk° Ap°R>p° L$fp°.
[°V$gp° S> cpN bu≈ q]$hk° b° hM[ Ap°R>p° L$fp°. ”u≈ q]$hk° 60dp° cpN ”Z hM[
Ap°R>p° L$fp°. Apd L$f[p¨ L$f[p¨ 60 q]$hk° _pı[p° i|fie `f Aphu S>i°. S>° _pı[p° Ap°R>p°
L$ep£ [° cNhp__° A`ÆZ L$fu ]$p° [° L$pY°$gp° cpN fı[p$ L°$ ANpku `f ‚cy_° A`ÆZ
L$fhp_u cph_p\u fpMu ]$p°. Apksº[ R|>V$u S>i°. _pı[p° lV$u S>i°.
(L$) "A' A_° "b'_° A°L$u kp\° `Z Adgdp¨ d|L$u iL$pe A°V$g° L°$ kde
`Z W°$g[p S>hpe, kp\p°kp\ ‚dpZ `Z OV$pX$[p S>hpe.
(X$) _pı[p_u NyZh—pdp¨ a°fapf : Ap kp•\u kfm fu[ R>°. _pı[p° S>° `Z
g°[p lp° [°_u dp”p `p°[p_u A_yLy$m[p dyS>b Ap°R>u L$fp° [° ‚cycpN [fuL°$ "b'dp¨
S>ZpÏep dyS>b A`ÆZ L$fp°. S>°V$gu dp”pdp¨ _pı[p° Ap°R>p° L$ep£ [°V$gu S> dp”pdp¨ am
Apfp°Np° - Apd L$f[p¨ L$f[p¨ drl_° b° drl_° dyøe _pı[p° _uL$mu S>i° [°_y¨ ı\p_ am
gB g°i°. [° S> fu[° ]$m]$pf am_u S>¡epA° fkhpmp amp° gp°. bp]$dp¨ fkhpmp amp°_u
S>¡epA° dp” gvby d^rdrÓ[ `pZu gp° A_° R>°â° [° `pZu_u dp”p `Z OV$pX$[p¨
≈Ap°. Apd gn rk¬^ \i°.
i≠Lp : 20
L$pQy¨ L$Q|¨bf cph[y¨ _\u / k¨[p°j \[p° _\u [p° iy¨ L$fhy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
L$pQy¨ L$Q|¨bf [\p amp° S>°d_p¨ [°d A°V$g° L°$ i°L$ep, bpaep L°$ [˛ep hNf
Mphp\u Ly$]$f[° bn°gp [dpd k–hp°_p° Ap`Z_° `|fp° gpc dm° R>°. [mu, i°L$u L°$
bpau_° Mhp[p Mp°fpL$dp¨\u [dpd k–h bmu ≈e R>°. Ap\u fp¨^°gp Mp°fpL$_° d©[
Mp°fpL$ L$l°hpe R>°. S>epf° L$pQp Mp°fpL$_° Δh¨[ Mp°fpL$ L$l°hpe R>°. L$pQp° Mp°fpL$ Mphp\u
[°dp¨\u ifuf_p¨ `p°jZ dpV°$_p¨ k–hp° `|f[p ‚dpZdp¨ dmu fl°[p lp°hp\u fp¨^°g
Mp°fpL$_u kfMpdZuA° Ap°R>p Mp°fpL$_u S>Í$f fl° R>°. S>epf° fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$ h^y ‚dpZdp¨
g°hp R>[p¨ [°dp¨\u S>Í$fu `p°jZ [p° dm[y¨ _\u. `f¨[y [°_° `Qphhpdp¨ A_° ifuf_u
blpf L$pY$hp `pR>m M|b S> isº[_p° Ïee \pe R>°. Ap\u \pL$ `Z gpN° R>° A_°
OX$`Z hl°gy¨ Aph° R>°. [\p ApeyÛedp¨ OV$pX$p° \pe R>°. Ap\u iL$e [°V$gp° L$pQp°
Mp°fpL$ Mhpe [° h^y gpc]$peL$ R>°. L$pQp° Mp°fpL$ Mphp_° Ap`Z° V°$hpe°g _
47
lp°hp\u iÍ$ iÍ$dp¨ Aphp° Mp°fpL$ Mphpdp¨ A_°L$ ‚L$pf_u dyÌL°$guAp° _X°$ R>°. S>°
rhh°L$`|ZÆ rhQpf\u lg L$fu iL$pe R>°. S>°d L°$ :-
(1) ]$p¨[_u [L$gua lp°e A_° L$pQy¨ MpB _ iL$p[y¨ lp°e [p° S>eykfdp¨ [°_p° fk
L$pY$u `u iL$pe R>°. dfu dkpgp hNf_p Ly$]$f[u ıhÍ$`° S> fk g°hpe [° S>Í$fu R>°. Apd
R>[p¨ ıhp]$ dpaL$ _ Aph[p° lp°e [p° gvby, d^, Ap]y$, k¨Qm, dfu hN°f° rdÓ L$fu_°
ıhfyQu A_ykpf ıhpq]$Ù$ b_phu iL$pe R>°. Mpk ¬ep_ A° fl° L°$ fk L$pY$ep bp]$ [yf[
S> [°_p° D`ep°N L$fu g°hp°. A°V$g° L°$ [pS>° [p≈° fk `uhp° - ‰uTdp¨ L°$ Afie” fpMu
hpku \hp ]°$hp° _lv [°d \hp\u [°dp¨_p k–hp° Ap°R>p \ep L$f° R>°.
(2) ]$p¨[_u [L$gua _ lp°e `Z L$pQy¨ Mphpdp¨ k¨[p°j _ \[p° lp°e [p° [°hu
L$Q|¨bfdp¨ gugp `p__u b_ph°g ıhpq]$Ù$ QV$Zu cf`|f ‚dpZdp¨ Dd°fu c°m S>°hy¨
b_phu_° MpB iL$pe. S>Í$f S>Zpe [p° A°L$p]$ QdQu ]$lv `Z Dd°fpe. d^ aph° [p° [°
`Z Dd°fpe.
(3) Nfd hı[y Mphp_° V°$hpe°g lp°hp\u [° V°$h S>g]$u R|>V$[u _\u S>ep¨ ky^u
L¨$BL$ Nfdp Nfd hı[y Mphp _ dm° –ep¨ ky^u Mp^y¨ lp°e [°hy¨ gpN[y¨ _\u. [p° [°hp
k¨≈°Np°dp¨ iÍ$iÍ$dp¨ cpΔ [\p ipL$_p° ıhpq]$Ù$ k|` b_phu NfdpNfd g°hp\u ]$pm-
cp[-fp°V$gu-fp°V$gp_u V°$h R|>V$u iL$i°.
(4) A°L$ A°hu kpdpfie dpfie[p ‚h[£ R>° L°$ L$pQp° / A`L$h Mp°fpL$ `Qhpdp¨
cpf° R>°. S>epf° fp¨^°gp° / `L$h Mp°fpL$ ky`p√e R>°. Ap L$pfZ° `Z L$pQy¨ L$Q|¨bf Mphp\u
gp°L$p° ]|$f fl° R>°. A\hp [p° M|b S> Ap°R>p ‚dpZdp¨ Mpe R>°. lL$uL$[° Ap `Z A°L$
c∞pfi[ øepg S> R>°. fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$_u kfMpdZuA° L$pQp° Ly$]$f[u ıhÍ$`° S> Mhp[p°
Mp°fpL$ `Qhpdp¨ h^y kfm R>°. S>° A_ych° `Z kd≈i°. fp¨^°gp° Mp°fpL$ Mp[p¨ S> `°V$
cpf° gpN° R>°. [°V$gp° S> L$pQp° Mp°fpL$ Mphp\u `°V$ cpf° gpN[y¨ _\u. ‚ep°N_p¨ A¨[°
L$pQp° Mp°fpL$ Mphp_u Í$Qu L°$mhpi° [p° [° S> Mp°fpL$ Mphp_y¨ Ndi° A_° A°L°$ A°L$
hı[ydp¨ AgN AgN Ly$]$f[u ıhp]$ dpZhp_u dTp Aphi°. S>°\u L$pQy¨ L$Q|¨bf cphhp
`Z dp¨X$i° A_° k¨[p°j `Z \i°.
ıhpq]$Ù$ k|` [\p QV$Zu b_phhp_u fu[ : f°ku`u_u `ysı[L$pdp¨ dp¨ ]$ipÆh°g R>°.
i≠Lp : 21
iy¨ _hfp”u D`hpk S>Í$fu S> R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
h•opr_L$ ◊rÙ$L$p°Z\u ≈°BA°, [p° ifuf_° A°L$ ıhe¨ k¨Qprg[ e¨” kp\°
kfMphu iL$pe. L$p°B`Z e¨”_u L$pmΔcfu kdekf_u dfpd[ M|b S> S>Í$fu R>°.
dfpd[dp¨ `Z Mpk L$fu_° kpa-k|au Ar[ AphÌeL$ R>°. Ap`Z° kp• ≈ZuA° R>uA°
48
[°d e¨”_u ]•$r_L$ kapB, r_rÚ[ r_^pÆfu[ kde° krhÆkvN [°dS> A^ÆhprjÆL$ L°$ hprjÆL$
Ap°hflp°gvN L$fhy¨ Ar[ AphÌeL$ R>° A_° e¨” D–`p]$L$ [°_u cgpdZ `Z L$f° R>° A_°
[° if[_° Apr^_ [° e¨”_p Performance (L$pdNufu) [\p he depÆ]$p_u N°f°fiV$u
`Z Ap`° R>°. A_° Ap`Zp° A° `Z A_ych R>° L°$ D`f S>ZpÏep dyS>b_u ipqffuL$
kapB_u [°hu S> S>Í$f R>° S>°hu Afie e¨”p°_°. S>epf° Ap`Zp¨ ifuf_° L$iy¨ S> Ap`hpdp¨
_ Aph° A°V$g° L°$ L¨$B Mphpdp¨ _ Aph° –epf° Ap`Zu A¨]$f S>W$fprî Í$`° fl°g cNhp_
(Δh/‚pZ isº[, Q°[_p isº[. Vital Power......) rh_p rhg¨b° kapB L$peÆ
iÍ$ L$fu ]°$ R>°. Ap\u khpf\u b`p°f ky^u S>epf° Ap`Z° L$iy¨ S> `°V$dp¨ `^fph[p
_\u –epf° cNhp_ kapB L$peÆ L$f° R>° S>°_° Ap`Z° ]•$r_L$ kapB L$lu iL$uA° S>° D`f
R>âu TpXy$ / `p°[y dpfhp S>°hu L$l°hpe. AW$hpX$ue° L°$ `¨]$f q]$hk° S>epf° ApMp°
q]$hk L$iy¨ _ gBA° A\hp [p° kapBdp¨ d]$]$Í$` \pe [°hp cpΔ`p__p¨ fk, amp°_p¨
fk A\hp amp° gBA° –epf° [° ifuf_u cNhp_ ‹pfp \[u kapB Ïehsı\[ \B iL°$
R>°. S>°_° Ap`Z° krhÆtkN L$lu iL$uA°. F>[y `qfh[Æ__p¨ kde° Aph[u Q•” [°dS>
Apkp° _hfp”udp¨ _h q]$hk ky^u D`f dyS>b_p cpΔ-`p__p¨ fk, amp°_p° fk
A\hp amp° gB_° D`hpk L$fuA° –epf° cNhp_ M|Z° Mp¨Qf°\u hpmu T|X$u_° ifuf_°
A°L$]$d kpa L$fu _p¨M° R>°. Ap kde° [dpd kp¨^pAp°dp¨\u, gp°lu - dp¨kdp¨\u dm_°
]|$f L$fu ]°$ R>°. S>°\u ifuf e¨” A°L$]$d Qp°øMy QZpL$ \B ≈e R>°. –ep¨ ky^u L°$ Ap¨[fX$p_u
q]$hpgp°, fL$[hplu_u_u q]$hpgp° hN°f° `f S>dp \e°g L$Qfp° `Z kpa L$fu _p¨M° R>°.
S>°\u Í$r^fprckfZ [¨”dp¨, `pQ_ A_° dmr_ÛL$pk_ [¨”dp¨_p Ahfp°^p° ]|$f \[p¨
`p°[`p°[p_p L$pep£ A°L$]$d ky¨]$f fu[° L$fu iL°$ R>°. S>°\u _ [p° ifufdp¨ L$p°B fp°N fl° R>° L°$
_ [p° _hp L$p°B fp°N \hp_u k¨cph_p fl° R>°. h^y am]$peu D`hpk dp” `pZu `f
flu_° `pZudp¨ gvby d^ rdgphu_° `Z L$fu iL$pe R>°. dp” lhp `f `Z D`hpk L$fu
iL$pe R>°. Aphp D`hpk hM[° kp]$p `pZu_p° A°r_dp khpf kp¨S> g°hp° A–e¨[
S>Í$fu R>°.
Ap D`hpk_u hp[ ifuf_° Afie e¨”p°_u kp\° kfMphu_° L$fu, S>°_p\u
S>°d Afie e¨”p° `p°[p_y¨ L$peÆ ep°¡e L$peÆnd[p\u A_° `|fu he ky^u Mpdufrl[ L$fu
iL°$ R>° [° S> fu[° ifuf _ufp°Nu flu_° [°_u r_^pÆqf[ hedepÆ]$p ky^u `|fu L$peÆnd[p\u
L$peÆ L$fu iL°$ R>°.
`f¨[y ifuf A° Afie e¨”p° S>°hy¨ S> e¨” dp” _\u. [°_p\u A_°L$ fu[° rhriÙ$
R>°. S>°d L°$ d_, byqŸ, rQ—, Alπd hN°f° [°_p¨ cpNp° R>°. S>°_p\u gpNZu, k¨h°]$_p,
rhQpf, hpZu hN°f°_p° kdph°i \pe R>°. Mpk [p° lpX$-dp¨k_p b_°g ]°$ldp¨ Q°[_p
49
_lv. A\hp [p° S>° S>ep¨ R>° S> _lv –ep¨ ip°^hp\u [° dm° _lv [° ı`Ù$ R>°. S>°d L°$
d©NS>m / Tp¨Thp_p S>mdp¨ `pZu R>° S> _lv `f¨[y lfZ [°dp¨ `pZu dp_u b°Wy¨$ R>°
A_° ]$p°X$ep S> L$f° R>°. ]$p°X$ep S> L$f° R>°. \pL°$ R>°, df° R>°, `°Y$u ]$f `°Y$u ]$p°X$ep L$f° R>°. `Z
`pZu dm[y¨ _\u. L$pfZ L°$ [° –ep¨ R>° S> _lv. Aphy¨ S> Ap`Zp dpV°$ R>°. Ap`Z°
"]$hpdp¨ ıhpı’e' A_° "Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[' dp_u b°W$p R>uA° A_° lfZ_u S>°d S> ]$p°V$
gNpÏep L$fuA° R>uA°. `°Y$uAp°\u Aphu ]$p°V$ gNphuA° R>uA° - fp°N dV$[p _\u. h¬e°
≈e R>° A_° R>[p¨ lfZ_u dpaL$ S> rhQpf[p¨ `Z _\u L°$ ≈° ]$hpdp¨ ıhpı’e A_°
Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[ lp°[ [p° [° dmhp ≈°B[p l[p. `Z ]y$cpÆ¡e dp_h≈[_p¨ L°$ [° `Z
d|Y$ d©N\u rhi°j L$iy¨ S> rhQpf[p° _\u. S>° Mp°V$u q]$ip `L$X$pB NB R>° [° q]$ipdp¨ S>
]$p°X$ep L$f° R>°. S>°\u ≈°B[y¨ `qfZpd dm[y¨ _\u.
buΔ fu[° ≈°BA° [p° - Apeyh£]$, A°gp°`°\u L°$ Afie rQqL$–kp `¬^r[Ap°
L$p°B_° L$p°B dp°V$p h•opr_L$ A\hp [p° k¨[_u ip°^ R>°. S>epf° "[`-k°hp-kyrdf_'_u
kp^_p A° "cNhp_ rihΔ'_u ip°^ R>°. S>°\u ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ rihΔ_u ip°^ A° khpØN
k¨`|ZÆ, kpQu q]$ip_u A_° c|g/nr[frl[ S> lp°e. hmu Ap S> hp[ Nu[pΔdp¨
"[`-]$p_-eo' ‹pfp, Ly$fp_° ifuadp¨ "fp°Tp, TL$p[, _dpS>' ‹pfp, bpBbgdp¨ "apıV$vN
- Q°fuV$u - ‚°ef' ‹pfp, NyfyN∞¨\ kprlbdp¨ "D`hpk, ]$kb¨]$, rkdf_' ‹pfp A_°
[pgdy¨X$[p°fpdp¨ "apıV$vN-krhÆk-hriÆ`' ‹pfp [\p r”`V$L$ dyS>b "ıhÎ`plpf-
^dÆ]$p_-rh`Ìe_p' Í$`° ]$ipÆh°g R>°. S>°\u `Z ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ k_p[_ k–e l¨d°ip A°L$ S>
lp°e A_° [° khÆsıhL©$[ lp°e. S>epf° ‚Qrg[ lpg_u rQqL$–kp `Ÿr[Ap°_p¨ rkŸp¨[p°
A°L$ S> kfMp A_° khÆ sıhL©$[ _\u [°dp¨ A°L$bu≈\u M|b S> rhfp°^pcpk fl°gp° R>°.
Afie fu[° ≈°BA° [p° L$p°B`Z A°L$ k–e_p b° rhfp°^pcpku rkŸp¨[p° lp°B iL°$
_lv. b° A\hp h^y Mp°V$u hp[p° rhfp°^pcpku lp°B iL°$ R>°. Ap\u `°Y$uAp°\u S>° rQqL$–kp
`Ÿr[Ap° A`_ph[p ApÏep R>uA° A_° S>°_p\u fp°Np° OV$hp_p b]$g° h¬ep R>°.
(]y$cpÆÏehi fp°Np° h^hp dpV°$ Ap`Z° `qfsı\r[ L°$ ‚L©$r[_° S>hpb]$pf W°$fhu_°
Mp°V$u q]$ip_u ]$p°V$ Qpgy S> fpMu R>°.) Ap\u Ap rkŸp¨[p° Mp°V$p R>° [°hp° [LÆ$
gNphuA° [p° kpQu hp[ Ap rkŸp¨[p°\u rhfp°^pcpku S> lp°hu ≈°BA° A_° [°\u S>
"[`-k°hp-kyrdf_'_p rkŸp¨[p° ‚Qrg[ rQqL$–kp `Ÿr[Ap°\u rhfp°^u R>°.
Afie\p - ‚Qrg[ rQqL$–kp `¬^r[Ap°_p¨ rkŸp¨[p°_p¨ ‚ep°Np° dp_h≈[
S-3
OZp¨ gp¨bp L$pm\u L$f[u Aphu R>° A_° [°_p\u ‚p· `qfZpdp° ≈°e°g R>°. lh° "[`-
96
lL$ u L$ [ ° fp° N A° ifuf_p° Ny Z ^dÆ R>° . S>° \ u ifuf_u fQ_p, [° _ u
kpfk¨cpm hN°f°_° gN[u ep°¡e dprl[u lp°hu S>Í$fu R>°. rhi°j ≈ZL$pfu dpV°$
""_hu cp°S>_ ‚\p'' hp¨Qhp kgpl R>°.
i≠Lp : 31
bpmL$ dpV°$_u lpg_u cp°S>_ ‚\p ep°¡e R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
_p ! bpmL$_° Nm\|\udp¨ S> √lp - ]|$^ - Ou [°dS> fp¨^°g cp°S>_ Qpgy L$fu
]°$hpe R>°. S>° lfNuS> hpS>bu _\u. –epf\u S> bpmL$_p ifufdp¨ fp°N_p buS> fp°`pB
≈e R>°. k¨`|ZÆ Aplpf dp_u_° bpmL$_° d|øe–h° Npe, c¢k, bL$fu_y¨ ]|$^ A`pe R>°.
S>° k]¨$[f Mp°Vy¨$ R>° S>ep¨ ky^u dp[p_° ]|$^ Aph° R>° –ep¨ ky^u dp[p_p ]|$^ rkhpe
L$p°B`Z bu≈° Mp°fpL$ bpmL$_° MhX$phhp° ≈°BA° _lv. ]$p¨[ Aphu Nep bp]$ bpmL$_°
cpΔ-`p_ [\p ipL$-cpΔ A_° am_p fk Ap`hp ≈°BA°. ]$pm-cp[ hN°f°
MhX$phhp iÍ$ L$fpe R>° [° hpS>bu _\u. [°dS> √lp-]|$^-rbıL$uV$ `Z hpS>bu _\u.
lh° ]$p¨[ Ïehsı\[ Aphu ≈e –epf° S>e|k (fkp°)_y¨ ‚dpZ OV$pX$u S>° [° hı[y S>° [°
ıhÍ$`° S> MhX$phhp_u V°$h `pX$hu ≈°BA°. `p°[p_p bpmL$ `f Aphp° ‚ep°N L$fhp°
S>Í$fu R>°. [p° S> kpQy¨ kd≈i°. S>epf° `Z [°_° c|M gpN° –epf° Mpe A_° S>epf° [fk
gpN° –epf° `uA°. kpd°\u L$epf°e L¨$B `Z MhX$phhy¨ / `uhX$phhy¨ _lv. ıhpcprhL$ S>
R>° L°$ lpg_p kdedp¨ Aphp° ‚ep°N L$p°B`Z dp-bp` `p°[p_p bpmL$ `f L$fhp [•epf
_lv \pe. kp•_p d_dp¨ fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$ A_° ]|$^_y¨ A°V$gy¨ b^y¨ JQy¨ d|Îe fl°g R>° L°$ Nd°
[°V$gy¨ kd≈hhp R>[p¨ `Z L$p°B tld[ _lv L$f°. Ap\u lh° d¬ed dpNÆ A`_phhp°
f¸p°. bpmL$_° fp¨^°g cp°S>_ `Z Ap`p° A_° ]|$^ `Z Ap`p°. S>° bfl° _yL$kp_L$pfL$
R>°. `Qhpdp¨ `Z cpf° R>°. `pQ_ [¨”_° Mp°fhu _pM_pf R>°. Apd R>[p¨ MhX$phhy¨ S>
R>° [p° lh° r_ed `pmhp S>Í$fu b_i°.
khpf° DW$[p_u kp\° bpmL$_° ”Z°L$ L$gpL$ L$iy¨ S> _ Ap`p°. S>°\u ]|$^-Ou-
fp¨^°g cp°S>_ hN°f°\u S>dp \e°g dm kpa L$fhp_p° cNhp__° dp°L$p° dmi°.
lh° ”Z-Qpf L$gpL$ bp]$ ipL$cpΔ_p°, `p__p° L°$ am_p° S>e|k (fk) Ap`p°
[°dS> buSy>¨ S>° L¨$B fp¨¬ep hNf_y¨ Mphp_u B√R>p L$f° [° Ap`p° (]|$^ _lv).
lh° S>epf° `Z S>° L¨$B Mphp_u B√R>p L$f° [° Ap`p°. c|M gpN° A_° dpN° [p°
S>. _lv [p° lfNuS> _lv. A°V$g° L°$ b`p°f° ]$pm-cp[-fp°V$gu-ipL$ hN°f°. kp¨S>° Qpf°L$
hpN° S>° Mphp_u B√R>p L$f° [° A_° fp”° `Z S>° Mphp_u B√R>p L$f° [°. kp¨S>° L°$ fp”° ]|$^
dpN° [p° Ap`p°. ]|$^_u V°$h _lv `pX$p° [p° dpNi° S> _lv. rbıL$uV$_u V°$h _lv
65
`pX$p° [p° dpNi° S> _lv. Ap`œ¨ bpmL$ dp¨k-dpR>gu _\u dpN[y¨ - S>epf° S>° Ofdp¨
[°hu V°$h `X$pe R>° [°_y¨ bpmL$ [° dpN° R>°. L°$hu V°$h `pX$hu [° Ap`Zp lp\_u hp[ R>°.
b`p°f kp¨S> A_° fp”° `Z iL$e lp°e [°V$gy¨ L$pQy¨ h^pf° Ap`p° A_° ipL$cpΔ_y¨ ‚dpZ
rhi°j fpMp°. ]$pm - cp[ - MuQX$u - L$Y$u - fp°V$gu - fp°V$gp - ]|$^ - Ou_y¨ ‚dpZ
b_u iL°$ [°V$gy¨ Ap°Ry>¨.
i¨L$p : 32
iy¨ dp[p_y¨ ]|$^ `Z dp¨kplpf _ L$l°hpe ? [p° [° ]|$^ `Z _ g°hpe _° ?
kdp^p_ :
dp[p_y¨ ]|$^ `Z h_ı`r[S>fie _ lp°hp\u dp¨kplpf S> L$l°hpe. Apd R>[p¨
[° ]|$^ g°hpe. L$pfZ L°$ -
[° cNhp_ ‹pfp L$fpe°g Ïehı\p R>°.
[° Ap`Zp ifuf_p b_ph_pf_u Ïehı\p R>°.
S>ep¨ ky^u Aplpf _° k¨b¨^ R>°, cNhp_° ifuf_u Ahı\p dyS>b [°_p ”Z
[bΩ$p `pX°$gp R>°.
‚\d [bΩ$p° :- dp[p_p¨ `°V$dp¨ NcÆ^pfZ\u iÍ$ L$fu_° bpmL$_p° S>fid \[p¨
ky^u ifuf_° (NcÆ_°) `p°jZ dm° R>° [° Mp°fpL$ `Z dp[p_p ]°$l_p° S> cpN R>°, S>°
ku^p° S> h_ı`r[S>fie Aplpf _\u. dpV°$ [° `Z dp¨kplpf S> R>°. [° [bΩ$pdp¨ `p°jZ_u
[°hu Ïehı\p fQre[p ‹pfp L$fhpdp¨ Aph°g R>° S>°\u [° dp¨kplpf lp°hp R>[p¨ ep°¡e R>°.
bu≈° [bΩ$p° :- S>fid bp]$ dp[p_p ifuf_p° cpN A°hp ]|$^\u bpmL$_p
`p°jZ_u Ïehı\p cNhp_° S> Np°W$h°g R>°. S>°\u [° dp¨kplpf lp°hp R>[p¨ ep°¡e R>°.
(dp[p_y¨ ]|$^ `Z kpfu NyZh—p_y¨ lp°hy¨ ≈°BA°, S>° ep°¡e Aplpf\u S> dm°.)
”u≈° [bΩ$p° :- ]$p¨[ Ap`u ]$u^p bp]$ dp[p_y¨ ]|$^ cNhp_ S> b¨^ L$fu ]°$ R>°.
Ap\u lh° `R>u_p° Mp°fpL$ A° ipL$plpf R>°. lh° `pfL$u dp[p_y¨ L°$ `R>u `p°[p_u S> dp[p_°
buΔ ‚kyr[ \pe –epf_y¨ ]|$^ `Z hpS>bu _\u. [°dS> dp¨kplpf `Z ep°¡e _\u.
Ap hp[ L¨$BL$ A¨i° Ap fu[° `Z kdΔ iL$pe :
dp°V$p L$pfMp_pAp° [°dS> \dÆg `phf ıV°$i_dp¨ L$p°g apeXÆ$ bp°BgkÆ lp°e R>°.
[°_° Qgphhp dpV°$_p ”Z [bΩ$p lp°e R>°.
‚\d [bΩ$p° :- bp°Bgf W¨$Xy¨$ lp°e, –epf° kp•‚\d X$uTg Ap°Bg\u `°V$phhpdp¨
Aph° R>°. r_^pÆfu[ DÛZ[pdp_ bp°Bgf_y¨ Aphu ≈e, –ep¨ ky^u X$uTg Ap`hy¨ `X°$
R>°. S>° \p°X$p¨ L$gpL$p°dp¨ lp°e R>°.
66
i≠Lp : 71
kp^_p L°$V$gp° kde Qpgy fpMhu `X°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
"[`-k°hp-kyrdf_'_u kp^_p A° L$p°B fp°N r_hpfZ rQqL$–kp `¬^r[ _\u.
[° [p° ‚cy‚pr· ky^u gB S>_pf dpNÆ R>°. [°_p\u [dpd ‚L$pf_p ]y$:Mp°_u r_h©r— \hu
[° klS> R>°, `Z [° [°_p° D]π°$Ìe _\u. Dÿ°Ìe R>° : "‚cy ‚pr·_p°'. Ap\u kp^L°$ kpQy¨
kdΔ_° rhQpf `qfh[Æ_ L$fu_° kp^_p R>°âp pk ky^u Qpgy fpMhu ≈°BA°. Alv [p°
\e°g c|g ky^pfhp_u hp[ R>°. c|g [p° L$ped dpV°$ S> ky^pfhp_u lp°e.
i≠Lp : 72
_ufp°Nu fl°hp kdep¨[f° Ly$]$f[u D`Qpf L°$fi÷dp¨ kpfhpf gu^° fpMuA° [p° Aphu
kp^_p L$ped A`_phhp_u S>Í$f Mfu ?
kdp^p_ :
"[`-k°hp-kyrdf_'_u kp^_p A° L$p°B fp°N _pby]$u_u rQqL$–kp `¬^r[
_\u. [° [p° Bf ‚pr·_u kp^_p R>°. dp_hΔh__y¨ khp£√Q gn ‚p· L$fhp_u kp^_p
R>°. r_fp°Nu`œ¨, isº[_u ‚pr· dp_rkL$ [Zph ]|$f \hp°, X$f/ce _ gpNhp°,
k¨b¨r^Ap°_p¨ rhep°N_y¨ ]y$:M ]|$f \hy¨ hN°f° S>°hp [dpd ]y$:Mp°_u r_h©r— [p° Ap kp^_p_p
dpNÆdp¨ Aph[p klS> ıV°$i_p° R>°. S>°d lf‹pf (F>juL°$j) S>hy¨ lp°e [p° fı[pdp¨ L$p°V$p,
q]$Îlu S>°hp¨ A_°L$ ıV°$i_p° klS> S> Aphhp_p¨ [° S> fu[° Ap lqf‹pf° `lp¢QpX$_pf
kp^_p dpV°$ kdS>hy¨.
i¨L$p : 73
[`, k°hp, kyrdf__p¨ rkŸp¨[p° dp°V$p cpN° Apeyh£]$, A°gp°`°\u [°dS> Afie
‚Qrg[ rQqL$–kp `Ÿr[Ap°\u rhfp°^pcpku L°$d R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
A–epf ky^udp¨ ip°^pe°g L$p°B`Z rQqL$–kp `Ÿr[Ap°_p d|mdp¨ "Mp°fpL$dp¨
isº[ _\u' [° L$p°B_p øepgdp¨ Aph°g _\u. Ap\u d|mc|[ "k–e' `L$X$u iL$pey¨
_\u. S>°_p L$pfZ° A°L$ ep bu≈ c∞pfi[ øepg_p¨ Ap^pf `f S>° [° rQqL$–kp `Ÿr[Ap°A°
L$peÆ L$eyØ R>°. `pep_p øepgp° S> c|g cf°gp R>°. [°\u Mp°V$u q]$ipdp¨ k¨ip°^_p° \ep A_°
Mp°V$p `qfZpdp° d˛ep. A°L$ S>¨L$i_ `p°BfiV$\u NpX$u `L$X$hpdp¨ c|g \B ≈e A_° S>hy¨
lp°e q]$Îlu A_° NpX$u `L$X$pB ≈e dy¨bB_u [p° q]$Îlu L$epf°e `lp¢Qpe S>
95
Ód `Z fl°[p° lp°e [°hp gp°L$p° dpV°$ [p° Ap kp^_p h^y D`L$pf]$peL$ R>°. khpf\u
b`p°f ky^u q]$hk_p¨ dp°V$p cpN_p¨ kde ]$frdep_ ApL$pi[–h N∞lZ L$fhp_y¨
lp°hp\u khpf_p Qp-_pı[p_u Ïehı\p L$fhp_u L$p°B S> T¨TV$ fl°[u _\u. Ap\u
h^y A_yL|$m[p fl° R>°. b`p°f_p¨ kde° `Z ]$pm-cp[-ipL$-fp°V$gu Mphp_° V°$hpe°g
lp°hp\u L$p¨ [p° kp\° V$uau_ fpMhy¨ `X°$ R>°. S>° Y$p°mphp_y¨, bNX$hp_y¨, W¨$Xy$ `X$u
S>hp_y¨ \pe R>°. [°_u S>¡epA° kp^_p L$f_pf° b`p°f° gugp `p_ - amp° Mphp_p¨
lp°e R>°. S>° gNcN ]$f°L$ S>¡epA° dmu fl°[p lp°e R>°. A\hp [p° V$uau_dp¨ `p_-
am gB g°hp\u h^y kyNd[p fl° R>°. lp°V°$g/gp°S> Np°[hp `X$[p _\u. fp”u_y¨
cp°S>_ S>° ANpD g°hp[y¨ l[y¨ [°dp¨ L$ip° a°fapf _\u Ap\u [°dp¨ ANhX$[p_p°
khpg _\u.
Apd, khpØi° ≈°[p¨ fTm`pV$ L$f_pf dpV°$ [p° kp^_p h^y kyrh^peyº[ R>°.
hmu [°_p¨\u isº[, ıazr[Æ, Ap_¨]$ A_° L$peÆnd[pdp¨ `Z h^pfp° \pe R>°.
i≠Lp : 70
`–_u L°$d kp^_p_p° rhfp°^ L$f° R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
dp” `–_u _lv `Z `p°[p_p¨ L$l°hpe [° kp• L$p°B kp^_p_p° rhfp°^ L$f° R>°.
S>°dp¨ `–_u_p° rhfp°^ kp•\u h^y ‚bm lp°e R>°. L$pfZ L°$ kp•_p d_dp¨ A° øepg Of L$fu
Ne°g R>° L°$ "Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[ R>°' kp•_p d_dp¨ Ap c∞pfi[ øepg_p¨ `qfZpd° A°L$ A°hp°
R|>`p° X$f R>° L°$ kp^_pdp¨ ]$ipÆÏep dyS>b ≈° Mhpi° [p° Aisº[ Aphu S>i° A_° iy¨ _y¨
iy¨ \B S>i° ? `–_u_° A_° `p°[p_p¨ kp•_° iyc gpNZu R>° [°\u [°dZ° L$Î`°gy¨ Arl[
kl_ _ \[p¨ rhfp°^ L$f° R>°. `f¨[y `pR>m\u S>epf° [°d_p øepgdp¨ kpQu hp[ Aph° R>°
L°$ kp^_p\u [p° Qd–L$pfuL$ `qfZpdp° dm° R>° A_° _ ^pf°g ape]$pAp° \pe R>°. _yL$kp__p°
S>° X$f l[p° [° c∞pdL$ l[p° [°hp° c∞d S>epf° cp¨Nu ≈e R>° –epf° [°Ap° kp• klL$pf Ap`hp
dp¨X°$ R>° A_° `p°[° S> kp^_pdp¨ ≈°X$pB S>B A_° Afiep°_° `Z kp^_pdp¨ ≈°X$php ‚°fu_°
Ap–dk¨[p°j g° R>°. `f¨[y S>ep¨ ky^u kpQu hp[ kdS>dp¨ _\u Aph[u –ep¨ ky^udp¨
`p°[p_p bpmL$_° A_° `–_u `p°[p_p `r[_° cph\u ApN∞l L$fu L$fu_° `fpZ° MhX$phu
MhX$phu_° A≈Z`Z° [°_y¨ dp°[ _p°[f° R>°, ApeyÛe V|¨$L$phhpdp¨, fp°N_° _p°[fhpdp¨
L$pfZc|[ b_° R>°.
94
bu≈° [bΩ$p° :- lh° \p°Xy¨$ h^y cpf° bm[Z - R. F. O. (f°kuX$ÈyAg
„eyAg Ap°Bg) A`pe R>° A_° X$uTg Ap°Bg b¨^ L$fpe R>°. S>°_p\u bp°Bgf_y¨
DÛZ[pdp_ h^° R>° A_° `|hÆ r_^pÆfu[ DÛZ[pdp_° `lp¢Q° –ep¨ ky^u R. F. O. Qpgy
fMpe R>° S>° `Z \p°X$p L$gpL$p°dp¨ lp°e R>° A_° X$uTg_p¨ kdeNpmp L$f[p¨ \p°X$p° h^y
kdeNpmp° lp°e R>°.
”u≈° [bΩ$p° :- lh° kp•\u cpf° bm[Z A`pe R>° S>° R>° : ""L$p°gkp°''.
L$p°gkp\u bfpbf As¡_ `L$X$pe ≈e, A°V$g° R. F. O. b¨^ L$fu ]°$hpe R>°. A_° lh°
k]$p_° dpV°$ bp°Bgf Qpg° –ep¨ ky^u dp” A_° dp” L$p°gkp° S> A`pe R>°. L$p°gkp_u
kNX$u bpb[° `Z Ap hp[ kdΔ iL$pe.
S>° bp°Bgf h^y R. F. O. _p° h`fpi L$f°, [° kpͨ$ NZp[y¨ _\u. [°dS>
L$p°gkp_p¨ Ap°R>p h`fpi\u h^y D–`p]$_ Ap`[y¨ bp°Bgf kpͨ$ NZpe R>°. A°V$gy ¨S>
_lv Aphp bp°Bgf_° L$p°gkp_u kp\p° kp\ R. F. O. Ap‡ep L$fhpdp¨ Aph°, [p° [°
bp°Bgf_y¨ DÛZ[pdp_ h^u S>B_° bp°Bgf V$eyb `¨L$Qf L$f° R>° A°V$g° L°$ bp°Bgf_°
_yL$ip_ `lp¢Q° R>°.
Ap bpb[ dp_h ifuf Í$`u e¨”_° `Z dl]π$ A¨i° gpNy `X°$ R>°. S>°\u ”Z°
‚L$pf_p¨ Mp°fpL$_y¨ dp_h S>N[dp¨ dl–h kdS>hy¨ kl°gy¨ b_i° [°hy¨ lz¨ dp_y¨ Ry>¨.
i≠Lp : 33
bpmL$_° [p° Npe, c¢k, bL$fu_y¨ ]|$^ A`pe _° ?
kdp^p_ :
dp[p_y¨ ]|$^ bpmL$ dpV°$ bfpbf R>°. [° k¨`|ZÆ Aplpf R>°, Ad©[ R>°. `pfL$u
dp¨_y¨ ]|$^ _yL$kp_L$pfL$ lp°B_° Npe, c¢k, bL$fu L°$ Afie L$p°B_y¨ `Z ]|$^ bpmL$_° L°$
`R>u dp°V$p_° dpV°$ `Z ep°¡e _\u. ]|$^ dpV°$ ApV$gy¨ kdΔ gBA°.
S>Í$qfep[ hM[° cNhp_° ]|$^ Ap‡ey¨, S>Í$qfep[ _ fl°[p¨ cNhp_°
S> b¨^ L$eyØ. cNhp__° –ep¨ ]|$^_u Mp°V$ _\u, [° ıhp\w, d|MÆ L°$ Aop_u `Z _\u.
cNhp_ Ap`° R>° –ep¨ ky^u bpmL$_° ]|$^ M|b S> r‚e R>° `Z cNhp_° b¨^
L$epÆ bp]$ `pfL$u dp_y¨ ]|$^ [°_° lfNuS> `k¨]$ _\u. c∞pdL$ øepgp°_° hi dp-bp` [\p
kdpS> bmS>bfu`|hÆL$ bpmL$_° ]|$^_p° Ïek_u b_phu ]°$ R>° A_° fp°N_p buS> fp°`u ]°$
R>°.VG[ 5MTFGF H 5U 5Z S]CF0F DFZLG[ CFY[SZLG[ C[ZFG YFI K[P
dp” dp[p_y¨ ]|$^ bpmL$ dpV°$ k¨`|ZÆ Aplpf R>°. buSy>¨ ]|$^ lp_uL$pfL$ R>°.
L$p°B`Z dp[p_° `p°[p_p bpmL$ dpV°$ S> cNhp_ ]|$^ Ap`° R>°. bu≈ dpV°$
_lv. Npe_° [°_p hpR>Í$ dpV°$, bL$fu_° [°_p b√Qp dpV°$....
67
 bu≈_y¨ ]|$^ R>u_hu g°hy¨ [° dlp`p` R>°. `p`_y¨ `qfZpd ]y$:M R>°.
d|¨Np Y$p°f_u Ap¨[fX$u L$L$mphu [°_p r_:kpkp gBA° R>uA°. ]|$^ `iyS>fie
lp°hp\u ipL$plpfu dpV°$ ep°¡e _\u. `iy `Z `pfL$u dp_y¨ ]|$^ `u[p _\u.
ccN]W V[ ;O[N ,MCL K[ccP
]$f°L$ ‚pZuAp°_p ifuf_u fQ_p cNhp_° AgN AgN L$f°g lp°hp\u Afie
‚pZuAp°_y¨ ]|$^ dp_h ifuf_° A_yL|$m _\u.
]|$^\u A°gΔÆ_u [L$guap°, N°k, A°kuX$uV$u, bu.`u., X$pepbuV$uk, kp¨^p_p
]y$:Mphp, L$df_p° ]y$:Mphp°, dp\p_p° ]y$:Mphp°, rhQpf hpey, At_÷p, Ap¨M_u [L$guap°,
˘]$e_u [L$guap°, A°_°rdep, ]$d, Ap°ıV$uAp° `p°fkuku, L$p_dp¨ fku, Ape_Æ
X°$aukuefiku, L°$fikf, ‚p°ıV°$V$ S>°hp fp°Np° \hp_u iL$e[p R>° - rhrh^ d°qX$L$g k¨ip°^_p°_p°
Ap kpf R>°.
D`f S>Zph°g fp°Np°dp¨ ]|$^ b¨^ L$fhp\u M|b S> ky^pfp° \ep_p¨ Ak¨øe
]$pMgpAp° R>°. Ap` `Z ‚ep°N L$fu iL$p° R>p° - dp” R> drl_p...
Apd duWy¨$, kp°X$p, Mp¨X$_u S>°d S> ]|$^ (`pfL$u dp_y¨) `Z ka°]$ T°f R>°, A°V$g°
L°$ ]|$^ fnL$ _lv `Z cnL$ R>°.
]|$^_° k¨`|ZÆ Aplpf dp__pf° dp” ]|$^ S> g°hy¨ ≈°BA°. A°L$ k¨`|ZÆ Aplpf
kp\° bu≈° L$p°B`Z Aplpf g°hp° lu[L$f _\u. ClSST[ VF DFgITF 56 IMuI GYLP
""bpmL$p°_° Npe_y¨ ]|$^ _ Ap`p°. [°_p\u A_°L$ fp°Np° \pe R>°.''
- X$pμ. b°fi≈rd_ ı`p°L$ (QpBÎX$L°$f Ap°\p°qfV$u - Ad°qfL$p)
""bpmL$p°_p fp°Np°dp¨ ]|$^_p° apmp° dyøe R>°.''
- X$pμ. ‰pfik Ap°ıL$u - Q°fd°_, `°X$uepV≤$uL$ rhcpN, lp°`sºfik eyr_.
`p_, am, ipL$cpΔ hN°f°dp¨ [dpd ‚L$pf_p L°$ÎÌed, Mr_S> [°dS> rhV$pdu_
cf`|f ‚dpZdp¨ fl°g R>° Ap\u [°_p dpV°$ ]|$^ Mphy¨ hpS>bu _\u.
Oy¨V$Z_p ]y$:Mphphpmp_° L°$ÎÌed_u DZ` kdΔ ]|$^ Mphp_u kgpl A`pe
R>°, A°kuX$uV$uhpmp_° ]|$^\u A°kuX$uV$u dV°$ R>° [°hy¨ dp_u_° ]|$^ Mphp_u kgpl A`pe
R>°. lL$uL$[° ]|$^ Mphp\u S> Oy¨V$Z_p ]y$:Mphp \pe R>°. [°dS> ]|$^ S> A°kuX$uV$u dpV°$
S>hpb]$pf R>°. dpV°$ Aphp fp°NuAp°A° ]|$^ [°dS> ]|$^_u b_phV$p° k]¨$[f b¨^ L$fhp\u
ape]$p° \pe R>°. AS>dphu Sy>Ap° - `qfZpd b[phu Ap`i° - kpQy¨ iy¨ R>° [° !
68
lp\u-Op°X$p-bm]$ S>°V$gy¨ L$pd [p° Ap`Z° _\u L$f[p. [°Ap° dp” Opk Mpe
R>°. [p° Ap`Z_° iu [L$gua R>° ?
i¨L$p : 68
r”k|”u kp^_p MQpÆm lp°B_° Nfub gp°L$p° iu fu[° [°_p° Adg L$fu iL°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
fpdQqf[ dp_k_u r”k|”u kp^_pdp¨ [` A° ipfuqfL$ ı[f `f_u kp^_p
R>°. S>° A_ykpf ifuf_° ep°¡e kde°, ep°¡e ‚L$pf_y¨, ep°¡e dp”pdp¨ cp°S>_ `|ͨ$ `pX$hpdp¨
Aph° [p° ifuf k]$p r_fp°Nu fl° R>°. Ap rkŸp¨[_u kpQu kdS>Z _ lp°hp_° gu^°
Ap`Z° khpf° cpf° _pı[p° - √lp, b`p°f° cp°S>_ A_° fp”° cp°S>_ [°dS> h√Q° h√Q°
]$f b° ”Z L$gpL$_p¨ A¨[f° √lp-_pı[p° g°[p fluA° R>uA°. [°_u `pR>m_p° c∞pfi[ øepg
A° R>° L°$ Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[ R>° A_° Ap\u S> S>Í$f L$f[p¨ h^y Mp-Mp L$epÆ L$fuA° R>uA°.
A°L$ kh£nZ_y¨ [pfZ A°hy¨ `Z R>° L°$ dpZk [°_u S>Í$fuep[\u ]$i Nœ¨ h^y Mpe R>°.
S>° dpZk kdΔ_° kp^_p A`_ph° R>° [°_p [dpd ‚L$pf_p Ïek_p° R|>V$u ≈e R>° A_°
Mp°fpL$_y¨ ‚dpZ `Z Oœ¨ OV$u ≈e R>°. hmu rbdpf `X$hp_y¨ b¨^ \B ≈e R>°. S>°\u
X$pμL$V$f_u au, g°bp°f°V$fu V°$ıV$vN au A_° ]$hpAp°_p° MQp£ b¨^ \B ≈e R>°. L$peÆnd[p
h^° R>°. S>°\u fp°S> `X$[y¨ _\u A_° [°\u AphL$ h^° R>°. kfhpm° kp^_p MQpÆm _lv
`Z kı[u `|fhpf \pe R>°. khpf° √lp-_pı[p° Afie Ïek_ b¨^ \B S>hp\u [°V$gu
fL$d_u bQ[ \pe R>°. fp”u_p¨ cp°S>_dp¨ Mpk a°f `X$[p° _\u `Z dp”p OV$u ≈e R>°.
S>°\u [°dp¨ `Z bQ[ \pe R>°. b`p°f° L$Q|¨bf [\p amp° g°hp_p¨ R>°. [°dp¨ MQÆ h^° [°hp°
Apcpku X$f R>°. dp°kdu kı[pdp¨ kı[p amp° A_° kı[pdp¨ kı[y ipL$cpΔ g°hp\u [°
MQÆ `Z h^[p° _\u A_° [°d R>[p¨ amp° Mphp S> A°hy¨ L¨$B afΔep[ _\u. amp°dp¨\u
Arî[–h dm° R>°. S>°_p¨ b]$g° gugp `p_hpmu MpB iL$pe [°hu L$p°B`Z hı[y g°hp\u
[°_u `|r[Æ \B ≈e R>°. S>° _Δhu qL≠$d[° dmu iL$[y¨ lp°e R>°. Apd kfhpm° bQ[
\pe R>°. Adpfu X$ui hui-`Quk Í$r`epdp¨ `X°$ R>°. L$p°B`Z Nfub_u kpdpfie X$ui `Z
Í$p. 30/- \u Ap°R>pdp¨ [p° _lv S> `X$[u lp°e.
i≠Lp : 69
M|b S> ]$p°X$p]$p°X$u fl°[u lp°e [° kp^_p L$fu iL°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
S>°_p° _p°L$fu ^¨^p° A° ‚L$pf_p° lp°e L°$ S>°\u fTm`pV$ h^y fl°[u lp°e, ipfuqfL
93
ApeyÛe g¨bpB S>i° [°d khÆ fu[° kyMu fl°hpi°. Ap\u eyhp_udp¨ ApX°$^X$ S>° Aph°
[° A_° d_ `X°$ –epf° Mp-Mp L$fhy¨ A° Np¨X$`Z A\hp [p° Aop_ S> R>°. Ad|gp°
dp_h ]°$l h°X$au _ _pMhp° lp°e [p° [° ]°$l_y¨ ep°¡e fu[° S>[_ L$fhy¨ [° Ap`Zu afS>
b_u ≈e R>°. ]°$l_p¨ NyZ^dp£ kdΔ [°_p _ur[ r_edp°_y¨ `pg_ L$fhp\u S> [°_y¨
ep°¡e S>[_ \B iL°$ R>°. bpL$u MpZu-`uZu_° dp°S>d≈_p¨ kp^_p°dp¨ M`phu ]°$hpe,
[p° ifuf W°$L$pZ° \B S>i°. fp°Np°_y¨ Of b_u S>i° A_° Δhhy¨ ]$p°legy¨ b_u S>i°. [°dS>
hpfkpdp¨ _hu `°Y$u_° h^y fp°rNÙ$ b_phhp dpV°$ ]$p°rj[ b_pi°.
i≠Lp : 67
r”k|”u kp^_p ÓrdL$ `Z A`_phu iL°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
rR>r[ S>g `phL$ NN_ kdufp $& `¨Q frQ[ el A^d kfufp $&&
`©’hu, S>m, Arî, hpey A_° ApL$pi\u Ap`œ¨ ifuf b_°g R>° [°hÿ fpdQqf[
dp_kdp¨ [°dS> Afie N∞¨\p°dp¨ Dâ°M R>°. _p°L$f dpV°$ AdyL$ ‚L$pf_y¨, i°W$ dpV°$ hmu
bu≈ ‚L$pf_y¨, ^r_L$ dpV°$ AdyL$ ‚L$pf_y¨, Nfub dpV°$ bu≈ ‚L$pf_y¨. Ap°R>p° Ód L$f_pf
dpV°$ AdyL$ ‚L$pf_y¨ A_° h^y Ód L$f_pf dpV°$ bu≈ ‚L$pf_y¨ A°hp ifuf cNhp_° b_ph°g
_\u. [dpd° [dpd_p¨ ifuf_u fQ_p A°L$kfMu S> R>°. `R>u ifuf `pk°\u L$p°B Ap°R>p°
Ód g° R>° L$p°B h^y. ifuf A°L$ e¨” R>° A_° [° ÓrdL$ L°$ AÓrdL$ kp•_p dpV°$ kfMy¨ R>°.
Ap\u ifuf_p NyZ^dp£ [°_p¨ _ur[-r_edp° kp• L$p°B_° dpV°$ A°L$kfMp gpNy `X°$ R>°.
Ap\u r”ky”u kp^_p_y¨ ‚\d QfZ "[`'_p r_edp°_ykpf - "Ód `R>u cp°S>_,
cp°S>_ `R>u Apfpd' [° r_ed `Z kp• L$p°B_° A°L$kfMp° S> gpNy `X°$ R>°. A\hp [p°
khpf\u b`p°f ky^u ApL$pi[–h N∞lZ L$fhy¨, b`p°f° hpey A_° Arî [–h N∞lZ
L$fhp [°dS> fp”° S>m A_° `©’hu [–h eyL$[ cp°S>_ L$fhy¨ [° `Z kp•_° A°L$kfMy¨ S>
gpNy `X°$ R>°. A°V$g° L°$ ÓrdL$ lp°e L°$ AÓrdL$. aLÆ$ dp” A°V$gp° S> R>° L°$ - S>° `p¨Q [–hp°
N∞lZ L$fhp_p¨ R>° [° `p°[p_p¨ ifuf_p¨ Okpfp_p¨ ‚dpZdp¨ g°hp_p¨ R>°. Ap\u ıhpcprhL$
S> AÓrdL$ S>° ‚dpZdp¨ Mp°fpL$ g°i° [°_p¨ L$f[p¨ rhi°j ‚dpZdp¨ ÓrdL$_° Mp°fpL$_u
dp”p ≈°BA° `Z kuıV$d_° gpN° hmN° R>° –ep¨ ky^u kuıV$d b¨_° dpV°$ A°L$kfMu S>
gpNy `X$i°.
A°hp A_°L$ kp^L$p° R>° S>° M|b S> dl°_[_y¨ L$pd L$f° R>° A_° r”k|”u kp^_p
A`_phu_° _ufp°Nu ifuf fpM° R>°. kpdpfie fu[° dS|>f hNÆ_° h^y Ód_y¨ L$peÆ L$fhp_y¨ fl° R>°.
`f¨[y M°X|$[ L°$ S>° `p°[° ≈[ dl°_[ L$f° R>° [°_° dS|>f\u `Z h^y dl°_[_y¨ L$pd L$fhy¨ `X°$ R>°
R [p≠ OZp¨ Aphp M°X|$[p° `Z fpdQqf[ dp_kdp¨ S>Zph°g r”k|”u kp^_p A`_ph° R>°.
92
Ô[ AF/SG[ N}W JUZ RF,T]\ H G CMI4 TM GF/LI[Z szLO/f4
;MIFALG4 DUO/L4 DSF.4 H]JFZ 4 JU[Z[ DF\YL AGFJLG[ .,FIRL4 JU[Z[YL
:JFN VG[ ;M0D :J~RLSZ AGFJLG[ V5FIP
]|$^ bpb[° h^y ≈Zhp B√R>_pf° g°ML$_]\ VgI ;FlCtI hp¨Qhp kgpl R>°.
i≠Lp : 34
bpmL$_p S>fid bp]$ dp[p_° ]|$^ _ Aph[y¨ lp°e, [p° bpmL$_° iy¨ Ap`hy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
dp[p_° ]|$^ _ Aphhy¨ A° Akpdpfie OV$_p L$l°hpe. cNhp_ bpmL$ dpV°$ ]|$^
Ap`° S> R>°. Npe, c¢k, bL$fu, O¢V$u, JV$X$u hN°f° ‚pZuAp°_° Aphu kdıep _\u -
dp_hu_° S> L°$d ? lpg_p kdedp¨ Ap kdıep blp°mp ‚dpZdp¨ ≈°hp dm° R>°. dp”
ApS> _lv, Aphu [p° A_°L$ kdıepAp° X$Ng° _° `Ng° dp_hu_° k[ph° R>°, S>° Afie
‚pZuAp°_° _\u. S>°d L°$ dp°V°$ cpN° X$uguhfu kuT°fue_\u S> \pe R>°. L$p•dpeÆ Ahı\pdp¨
dprkL$_p ‚Òp° dy¨Th° R>°, NcpÆhı\p ]$fÁep_ A_°L$ `∞Òp° Qpgy S> fl° R>°. S>°\u k[[
X$p∑L$V$kÆ_u ]°$Mcpm _uQ° fl°hy¨ `X°$ R>°. ‚k|r[ [p° ]$hpMp_° S> \pe. ‚k|r[ bp]$ `Z
dp[p A_° bpmL$_° ]$hp_p ifZ° S> fl°hy¨ `X°$ R>° A_° R>[p¨ fp°Np°\u O°fpe°g S> fl° R>°.
""A°L$ kp¨^[p [°f [|V°$'' _u S>°d A°L$ fp°N dV°$ –ep¨ bu≈ L°$V$gpe _hp fp°N S>fidu Q|L$ep
lp°e R>°. Aphy¨ \hp dpV°$_y¨ ı`Ù$ L$pfZ R>° : dp_hu cNhp_° Ap`°g cp°S>__° cıd
L$fu_° cfM° R>°. hmu S>° [°_p° Aplpf S> _\u [°hy¨ ]|$^ [\p dp¨kñd√R>uñHX$p Apfp°Nu
fl°g R>°. Ap\u ≈° Aphu kdıepdp¨\u blpf Aphhy¨ lp°e [p° ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ S>° dp[p
b__pf R>° [°Z° ANpD\u S> ""kps–hL$ cp°S>_'' g°hy¨ i$ͨ L$fu ]°$hy¨ ≈°BA° S>°\u ]|$^ _
Aphhy¨ [°hy¨ b_° S> _lv `f¨[y dp[pA° S>° c|g L$fu [°_p `qfZpd° [°_p k¨[p_° [°_p°
cp°N b_hy¨ `X°$ R>°. Ap\u lh° ""_ dpdp L$f[p L$l°Zp° dpdp° iy¨ Mp°V$p° ?'' L$p°B`Z
fı[p° L$pY$hp° S> flep°. dS>b|fu R>° Ap\u lh° ≈° Afie L$p°B ı”u_y¨ ]|$^ dm[y¨ lp°e [p°
Ap`hy¨ A° kp•\u D—d fı[p° R>°. bu≈° fı[p° R>° :ñ bL$fu_y¨ ]|$^ `p[my¨ L$fu_° (`pZu
Dd°fu_°) A`pe. ”u≈° fı[p° : `p__p° fk L$pY$u_° A`pe. ≈° L°$ Ap b^p ep°¡e fı[p
_\u `Z [° rkhpe R|>V$L$p° `Z _\u.
i≠Lp : 35
bpm DR>°fdp¨ iu L$pmΔ fpMhu ?
kdp^p_ :
"bpm DR>°f' A° dp[p_p Δh__y¨ kp•\u AN–e_y¨ L$[ÆÏe R>°. rinL$ A_°
kdpS>_y¨ ı\p_ [p° [°_p `R>u ≈°S>_p° ]|$f_y¨ R>°. bpm DR>°fdp¨ b° bpb[p° AgN [pfhu
iL$pe :
69
(1) ipfuqfL$ bpb[ (2) k¨ıL$pf tkQ_. bfl° M|b S> dl–h_p R>°. `Z (1)
L$f[p¨ (2)_y¨ dl–h A_°L$Nœ¨ h^y R>°.
(1) ipfuqfL$ bpb[° ApNm ≈°ey¨ [°d NcpÆ^p_ `l°gp\u S> ˜uA° (A_° `yfyj°
`Z) ep°¡e Aplpf `¬^r[ A`_phhu ≈°BA°. NcpÆ^p__p kdeNpmpdp¨
[°dS> ‚kyr[ bp]$ bpmL$ dp[p_y¨ ]|$^ `u[y¨ lp°e –ep¨ ky^u dp[pA° ep°¡e Aplpf
g°hp° ≈°BA° A_° –epfbp]$ bpmL$ ıh[¨” Aplpf g°[y¨ \pe, –epf° bpmL$_°
S]]f[u Aplpf Ly]f[u ıhÍ`° S g°hp_p k¨ıL$pfp° Ap`hp ≈°BA°.
(2) "k¨ıL$pf tkQ_' A° bpmL$_p¨ khpØNu rhL$pk dpV°$ M|b S> dl–h_u bpb[ R>°.
dp[∞r`[pA° A° _Ω$u L$fhy¨ ≈°BA° L°$ `p°[p_y¨ bpmL$ L°$hy¨ b_° ? L$p°B L$rhA°
L$¸y¨ R>° L°$,
S>__u S>Z [p° cL$[ S>Z, L$p¨ ]$p[p _° L$p¨ i|f,
_lv [p° fl°S>° hp¨TZu, d[ Nydphui _|f.
Alv A° ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ L°$hy¨ bpmL$ ≈°BA° R>° [° S>_°[pA° S> _Ω$u L$fhp_y¨ R>°.
L$rh_u ‚p\rdL$[p dyS>b "cL$[' kp•\u ‚\d _¨bf° R>°. `R>u_p æ$d° ]$p_huf R>° A_°
R>°â° i|fhuf R>°. [° rkhpe_p lpgu-dhpgu L$rh_° M`[p _\u. dpV°$ [° dp[p_° _|f _
Nydphu hp¨TZu fl°hp_u kgpl Ap`° R>°.
ıhpcprhL$ S> Ap`Z_° khpg DW°$ L°$ iy¨ bpmL$ L°$hy¨ b_phhy¨ [° Ap`Zp
lp\_u hp[ R>° ? lp ! R>° S> ! ip˜p° kpnu `|f° R>°. R>[p¨ kp•\u kpfp° fı[p° R>° ≈[
`f_p° ‚ep°N. L$fp° ‚ep°N A°V$g° Mp”u ! k¨ıL$pf tkQ_ dpV°$ A°L$ L$\pL$pf° L$l°g L°$ kp°
hjÆ `|h£\u [•epfu L$fhu `X°$ –epf° ”uΔ `°Y$uA° hp¨rR>[ am dm°. Ap`Z° Ap`Zp\u
[p° iÍ$Ap[ L$fuA°. `r[-`–_u _Ω$u L$f° L°$ L°$hy¨ bpmL$ ≈°BA° R>°. `R>u []π$_ykpf NcÆ
^pfZ\u S> k¨ıL$pfp° tkQhp_y¨ iÍ$ L$fu ]°$. S>°d rihpΔ_° i|fhuf[p_p `pW$ ΔΔdpA°
lpgfX$pdp¨ iuMÏep l[p; S>°d Arcdfiey_° dp[p_p¨ NcÆdp¨ S> kp[ L$p°W$p_y¨ eyŸ
iuMhhpdp¨ ApÏey¨ l[y¨.
rhi°j dprl[u dpV°$ g°ML$_y≠ Afie kprl–e hp¨Qhp kgpl R>°.
i¨L$p : 36
dpͨ$ bpmL$ L$ped rbdpf fl° R>°. A°L$ rbdpfu lSy> _ NB lp°e –ep¨ buΔ
Aphu S> NB lp°e [p° [° dpV°$ iy¨ L$fhy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
bpmL$_y¨ ifuf dp[p_p NcÆdp¨ b_° R>°. dp[p_p° Aplpf bpmL$_p ifuf_p
70
\[u lp°hp\u, ifuf_y¨ b¨^pfZ \[y¨ lp°hp\u S>° L¨$B MpBA° [° dp°V$p cpN_y¨ bp¨^L$pddp¨
h`fpB S>[y¨ lp°e R>°. Mp°fpL$ lpX$-dp¨k-gp°lu hN°f°dp¨ `qfh[w[ \B S>[p° lp°e R>°.
S>°\u Mpk L$Qfp° h^[p° _\u. `f¨[y lh° S>epf° 20-22 hjÆ_u Jdf° ifuf_u h©qŸ `|fu
\B NB R>[p¨ ANpD S>°V$gp° S> Mp°fpL$ g°hp_y¨ Qpgy fl° R>°. `f¨[y [°V$gp° h`fpi \[p°
_\u. Apd, ≈hL$ L$f[p¨ AphL$ krhi°j \B ≈e R>°. `qfZpd° L$Qfp_y¨ ‚dpZ h^°
R>°. S>° ‚pZisº[ blpf a¢L$u ]°$ R>°. `f¨[y [° L$Qfp° blpf L$pY$u _pMhp_u ‚pZisº[_u
`Z depÆ]$p lp°e R>°. l¨d°i dpV°$ ‚pZisº[ Ap°hfgp°X$ L$pd L$f° R>°. S>°\u ^uf° ^uf° [°
`p°[° `Z d¨]$ `X°$ R>°. S>°\u `|f°`|fp° L$Qfp° blpf L$pY$u iL$hp kd\Æ fl°[u _\u. Ap\u
ifufdp¨ ^ud° ^ud° [° L$Qfp° A°L$”u[ \[p° ≈e R>° A_° fp°S>bfp°S> \p°X$p° \p°X$p° `Z
[°dp¨ h^pfp° \ep L$f° R>°. Ap L$Qfp° gp¨bp° kde ky^u `X$ep° fl°hp\u R>°hV°$ kX$hp dp¨X°$
R>° A_° N°k, A°kuX$uV$u, L$bΔep[ hN°f°dp¨ `qfZd° R>° A_° Aphu _° Aphu ‚qæ$ep
Qpgy fl°[p¨ [° bu≈ rhi°L$ hjÆdp¨ A°V$g° L°$ Qprgk Apk`pk ce¨L$f fp°Np°_y¨ Í$` ^pfZ
L$f° R>° A_° [°\u Ap`Z° A°hy¨ [pfZ L$pY$uA° R>uA° L°$ 40 hjÆ Apk`pk fp°rNÙ$ \hy¨
ıhpcprhL$ R>°. gNcN b^p S> gp°L$p° 40 hjÆ_u Jdf° `lp¢Q[p L¨$BL$ _° L¨$BL$ fp°N_p¨
cp°N b_° R>°. dpV°$ Qprgk hjÆ ky^u S>° L¨$B Mphy¨ lp°e [° MpB-`u g°hy¨. `R>u [p° ifuf
S> kp\ _lv Ap`° S>°\u MpB iL$pi° _lv. Apd, Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[ dp_u_° c∞pdL$
øepgdp¨ akpep [°\u L$kde°, S>Í$f\u h^y, ıhp]$hi, ApN∞lhi, dp°S>ip°M_u
fu[° A°d Mp-Mp L$fhp_u Mp°V$u qæ$ep L$fu A_° Mp°Vy¨$ `qfZpd ApÏey¨ - "fp°N'.
lL$uL$[° Mphy¨ ip dpV°$ S>Í$fu R>° [° kdΔ gBA° [p° Mp°V$p øepgdp¨\u bQu S>hpe
S>°\u Mp°V$u qæ$ep _lv \pe A_° Mp°Vy¨$ `qfZpd - fp°N - ıhÍ$`° cp°Nhhp_p° hpfp°
_lv Aph°. Mp°fpL$\u ifuf b_° R>° [°\u 20-22 hjÆ_u Jdf ky^u ifuf_p¨ b¨^pfZ
dpV°$ [°dS> Okpfp dpV°$ Mp°fpL$_u AphÌeL$[p R>°. ifuf_y¨ b¨^pfZ `|ͨ$ \B Nep bp]$
b¨^pfZ dpV°$ S>° Mp°fpL$ h`fp[p° l[p° [°_u lh° S>Í$f _\u [°\u [°V$gp° cpN Ap°R>p°
L$fu_° dp” Okpfp `|f[p° Mp°fpL$ g°hp° ≈°BA°. Ód_p¨ ‚dpZdp¨ Okpfp° gpN° S>°\u [°
dyS>b Mp°fpL$_u dp”p _Ω$u L$fu iL$pe. hmu ifuf `p¨Q [–hp° - `©’hu, S>m, Arî,
hpey A_° ApL$pi_y¨ b_°g lp°hp\u [° [–hp° A_yæ$d° "A_pS>, ipL$, amp°, gugp `p_
A_° L$iy¨ `Z _ g°hy¨'dp¨\u dm° R>°. S>°\u [°hp° S> Mp°fpL$ g°hp° ≈°BA°. hmu khpf°
DW$[p_u kp\° lgL$pdp¨ lgLy¨$ ApL$pi [–h\u iÍ$ L$fu_° b`p°f° [°_p\u cpf° A°hp b°
[–hp° hpey A_° Arî [°dS> fp”° bpL$u_p b° [–hp° S>m A_° `©’hu g°hp [° kpQu fu[
R>°. ≈° Ap fu[° cp°S>_ g°hpe, [p° Δ¨]$Nu ApMu R>°L$ R>°âp pk ky^u Ly$]$f[° Ap`°g
[dpd ıhp]$ dpZu iL$pi° A_° L$epf°e budpf `X$pi° _lv. A°V$gy¨ S> _lv `Z
eyhp_u g¨bpB S>i°, \pL$ gpNi° _lv, L$peÆnd[p h^u S>i°, OX$`Z `pRy>¨ W°$gpB S>i°,
91
`pep\u \pe R>° A_° `pep° S>°V$gp° dS>b|[ [°V$gu Bdpf[ kpfu. [° S> fu[° ≈°
bpÎephı\p\u S> r”k|”u kp^_p_u iÍ$Ap[ L$fu ]°$hpdp¨ Aph° [p° iyŸ, kps–hL$
L$p°jp° ‹pfp r_fp°Nu, MX$[g, ky÷Y$ A_° ]$uOpÆey Δh__p° `pep° _¨Mpe ≈e R>°. S>°\u
eyhp_u `Z g¨bpB ≈e R>°. OX$`Z `pRy>¨ W°$gpB ≈e R>° A_° h©Ÿphı\pdp¨ `Z
ipfuqfL$ fp°Np° - L$Ù$p° kl_ L$fhp `X$[p _\u. h©Ÿphı\pdp¨ `Z isº[_p° ˙pk \[p°
_\u A_° dp°[ `Z TpX$ `f `qf`L$h \B_° kplΔL$ fu[° Mfu `X$[p am_u dpaL$
klS> A_° L$Ù$ frl[ b_u ≈e R>°. `p¨X$hp° A_° L$p•fhp°_p¨ hX$ug rcÛd r`[pdl
`Z [°_u R>°âu Ahı\p ky^u fZc|rddp¨ `|fu [pL$p[\u gX$ep R>° S>° b[ph° R>° L°$
h©Ÿphı\p Ap`Z° S>°hu L$Î`uA° R>uA° [°hu A\hp [p° lpg_p kdedp¨ A_ychuA°
R>uA° [°hu cep_L$ lp°hu S>Í$fu _\u. S>° Ap`Z° kp^_p _ A`_phu_° bpm`Z
L°$ eyhp_udp¨ L$l°hp[p c∞pdL$ dp°S> ip°M_p øepgp°dp¨ fpQu_° h©Ÿphı\p Mp°Mgu A_°
]$epdZu [\p Ak¸ b_phu d|L$u R>°.
≈° L$p°B tld[ L$f° `p°[p_p bpmL$_° r”k|”u kp^_pdp¨ S>ZpÏep dyS>b_p°
DR>°f L$fhp_u [p° [°d_° kyM]$ ApÚeÆL$pfL$ `qfZpdp° dmu iL$i°. dp_y¨ ]|$^ Ly$]$f[u fu[°
dm[y¨ b¨^ \pe, `R>u bpmL$_° bu≈ L$p°B `iy_y¨ ]|$^ Ap`hy¨ S>Í$fu _\u. [°_° h^ydp¨
h^y gugp `p_ eyL$[ ipL$cpΔ, L$Q|¨bf [\p amp° Ly$]$f[u ıhÍ$`° S> L$pQ° L$pQp (i°L$ep,
[˛ep, bpaep hNf) A\hp [p° [°_p° L$pQp° fk S>Í$f[ dyS>b Ap`hpdp¨ Aph° [p° [°_p°
ipfuqfL$ [°dS> bp•r^L$ rhL$pk OZp° kpfp° \i°.
i≠Lp : 66
eyhp_u A° Mphp-`uhp A_° dp°S>-d≈ dpZhp_u Jdf R>°. [p° iy¨ eyhp_p°A° r”k|r”
kp^_p A`_phhu AphÌeL$ Mfu ?
kdp^p_ :
L$p°B`Z qæ$ep S>epf° Ap`Z° L$fuA° R>uA°, –epf° A° rhQpfhy¨ S>Í$fu b_u
≈e R>° L°$ [° qæ$ep ip dpV°$ L$fuA° R>uA° ? [° qæ$ep L$fhp `pR>m iy¨ L$pfZ R>° ? L$pfZ
rh_p L$p°B qæ$ep k¨ch[u _\u. Ap\u cp°S>_ L$fuA° R>uA° [p° ip dpV°$ L$fuA° R>uA° [°
rhQpfhy¨ A_° kdS>hy¨ ≈°BA°. gp°L$p°A° csº[ dpV°$ h©Ÿphı\p_p° kde _Ω$u L$fu ]$u^p°
R>°. [° S> fu[° Mphp `uhp_u bpb[dp¨ `Z Qpgui - `Qpk L°$ kp¨BW$ hjÆ bp]$
Δc_p¨ QV$pL$p R>p°X$u ]$B kp]y¨$ cp°S>_ g°hy¨ ≈°BA° A°hp° A°L$ khÆ kpdpfie d[ Dcp°
L$fu ]$u^p° R>°. ≈° L°$ [°hp° d[ ‚h[Æhp `pR>m `Z L$pfZ R>° L°$ Ap`Z° Mp°fpL$dp¨ isº[
dp_u_° L$kde°, ApN∞lhi, ıhp]$hi [°d S> dp°S> ip°M_u hı[y dp_u_° Mp-Mp
L$epÆ L$fuA° R>uA°. `qfZpd A° Aph° R>° L°$ - hui bphui hjÆ ky^u [p° ifuf_u h©qŸ
90
b¨^pfZdp¨ M|b S> dp°V$p° cpN cS>h° R>°. Ap\u dp[p b_hp_u lp°e [° `l°gp\u S>
˜uA° ep°¡e cp°S>_ ‚\p A`_phhu ≈°BA°. NcpÆ^p_ bp]$ Mpk ]|$^-Ou_u b_phV$p°
R>p°X$u ]°$hu ≈°BA° A_° fp¨^°g cp°S>__p° iL$e lp°e [°V$gp° –epN L$fu ]°$hp° ≈°BA°.
‚kyr[ `R>u `Z S>ep¨ ky^u dp[p_p ]|$^ `f bpmL$ Ap^pqf[ R>° –ep¨ ky^u dp[pA°
D5f dyS>b_p° S> Aplpf fpMhp° ≈°BA°. kdpS>dp¨ Ap_p\u rh`fu[ Aplpf g°hpe
R>°. S>°\u bpmL$_p ifuf_y¨ b¨^pfZ S> MpdueyL$[ \pe R>°. S>°\u S>fid[p_u kp\° S>
L$p°B_p L$p°B fp°N\u O°fpe°gy¨ lp°e R>°. Aphp _bmp b¨^pfZ_° L$pfZ° [°dS> bpmL$_°
`Z _yL$kp_L$pfu A°hp° fp¨^°g Aplpf [\p `pfL$u dp_y¨ ]|$^, ]|$^_u b_phV$p° Ap`hpdp¨
Aph° R>°. S>°\u [° r_[p¨[ fp°Nu S> fl° R>°.
kpQu hp[ kdΔ_° ‚ep°Np° L$fhp_u [p[u S>Í$f R>°. _lv [p° crhÛe
DS>my¨ _\u.
k[[ rbdpf fl°[p bpmL$_° L$p°B`Z ]$hp kpSy>¨ _lv L$fu iL°$. h^y fp°rNÙ$
b_phi°. Ap\u bpmL$_p Aplpfdp¨ ApNm S>ZpÏey¨ [°hy¨ `qfh[Æ_ L$fhp\u ^uf° ^uf°
ky^pfp° \i°.
ep°¡e Aplpf `¬^r[ A`_phhp\u bpmL$_° L$p°B S> ≈[_u rbdpfu _lv
Aph°. NX$-NydX$, TpX$p, DgV$u, Mug L¨$B _lv \pe. ]y$r_ep ApMudp¨ ‡g°N S>°hp
Q°`u fp°Np° apV$u _uL$mi°, [p° `Z Aphp bpmL L°$ dp_° [°_u Akf _lv \pe. ‚ep°N
L$fu Sy>Ap°.
i¨L$p : 37
bpmL$ `\pfu cu_u L$f° R>° [°_p° iy¨ D`pe ?
kdp^p_ :
bpmL$_ÿ ifufÍ$`u e¨” [°_° A`p[p cp°S>_ `f Ap^pqf[ R>°. ApNm S>ZpÏep
dyS>b_u cp°S>_‚\p A`_php°. b°-Qpf drl_p ]|^ [\p fp¨^°g cp°S>_ b¨^ L$fu
Ly$]$f[u Aplpf Ly$]$f[u ıhÍ$`° S> fp¨¬ep hNf S> Ap`p°. kpdpfie sı\r[ \B S>[p¨
bpmL$ dpV°$_u ep°¡e cp°S>_‚\p S>° ApNm kd≈hhpdp¨ Aphu R>° [° A`_php°.
i≠Lp : 38
dpͨ$ bpmL$ ]|$^ A_° rbıL$uV$ S> dpN° R>°. buSy>¨ L¨$B Mpe S> _lv [p° iy¨ L$fhy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
ApNm Ap`Z° ≈°ey¨ [°d bpmL$ A° dpN° R>° S>°_u Ap`Z° [°_° V°$h `pX$u R>°.
71
V°$h S> kpfu `pX$p°. ]|$^ - √lp - L$p°au - rbıL$uV$ hN°f° iÍ$Ap[\u S> _ Ap`p°. [p°
[°_° V°$h _lv `X°$ [p° [°hy¨ _lv dpN°.
lh° V°$h `X$u S> NB R>°. bpmL$ Aphu _yL$kp_L$pfL$ hı[yAp°_y¨ Ïek_u b_u
S> Ney¨ R>° [p° lh° Ap`Z° S> [°_p° fı[p° rhQpfhp° f¸p°. bpmL$_y¨ d_ S>° fu[° ıhuL$pf°
[° fu[ AS>dphu_° _yL$kp_L$pfu hı[yAp° R>p°X$phhu A_° kpfu hı[yAp° Ap`hu. ]|$^ _
R|>V$[y¨ lp°e [p° _pmue°f_y¨ ]|$^ b_phu_° ıhpq]$Ù$ L$fu_° Ap`u iL$pe. rbıL$uV$_u S>¡epA°
[°_° d_`k¨]$ am-amp]$u Ap`u iL$pe. V|¨$L$dp¨ [°_° kd≈hu_° A°L$_p b]$g° buSy>¨ L¨$B
Ap`u_° e°_L°$_ ‚L$pf°Z Aphu V°$hp° R>p°X$phhu flu. rbıL$uV$ [°dS> Afie d¢]$p_u b_phV$
M|b S> _yL$kp_L$pfL$ R>°. bpmL$ [°dS> dp°V$p dpV°$.
i¨L$p : 39
dpͨ$ bpmL$ Mp[y¨ S> _\u. bmS>bfu\u MhX$phhy¨ `X°$ R>°. [p° [°_p° ip° D`pe ?
kdp^p_ :
[°_p° kfmdp¨ kfm D`pe R>° [°_° MhX$php° S> _lv. ]y$r_epdp¨ gNcN A°L°$A°L$
dp[p_p° Ap dy¨Th[p° khpg R>°. [° X$pμL$V$f `pk°\u ]$hp gphu_° `Z MhX$ph° R>°, R>[p¨
bpmL$ cp°S>_ Mp[y¨ _\u. L¨$V$pmu_° c|hp `pk° ]$p°fp-^pNp L$fphhp ≈e R>°. c|hp° [°_p°
]$p°fp° L$fu _pM° R>°. `Z bpmL$ S>dhp_y¨ iÍ$ L$f[y¨ _\u. dp[p_° i¨L$p R>° L°$ [°_p bpmL$_°
L$p°B_u _S>f gpNu NB R>°. lL$uL$[° _S>f [p° gpNu S> NB R>°, `Z bu≈ L$p°B_u _lv,
bpmL$_u dp[p_u S>. [° bpmL$_° c|M gpNhp ]°$[u S> _\u, c|M gpN[p `l°gp S>
`°V$dp¨ L¨$B _° L¨$B bmS>bfu`|hÆL$ _pMu ]°$ R>°. c|M gpN° [p° bpmL$ dpN° _° ? L$p°B dp
A°V$gy¨ `Z rhQpfhp [•epf _\u L°$ ]y$r_epdp¨ b^p S> bpmL$_u lpg[ Aphu A°L$
kfMu S> R>°. [p° L$ep¨L$ c|g [p° _\u \[u _° ? Qp°eÆku gpM ep°_udp¨ Afie bpmL$p°_u
≈° lpg[ Aphu _ lp°e, [p° dp_h bpmL$_u lpg[ ip dpV°$ Aphu R>° ? Ap`Z° S>
L$luA° R>uA° L°$ c|M L$p°B_u kNu \[u _\u. dp°V$u Ïesº[ `Z c|M gpN[p¨ Mphp dpV°$
^d`R>pX$p L$f° R>° [p° bpmL$ L°$d _lv L$f° ? `Z L$p°B dp_u A°V$gu ^ufS> fl°[u S> _\u.
k¨`LÆ$dp¨ Aph_pf [dpd dp[pAp°_° lz¨ L$lz¨ Ry>¨ L°$ [dp° L¨$B Ap`p° S> _lv A_° Sy>Ap° L°$
[dpͨ$ bpmL$ L$ep¨ ky^u _\u dpN[y¨. `Z dp_p° ıhcph R>° _° ! [° ^ufS> ^fu S> iL$[u
_\u A_° bpmL$_° kpQu c|M_u ‚r[r[ S> \hp ]°$[u _\u. T[ ZLT[ AF/SG]\ VFB]\
ÒJG lGZ; AGFJJFDF\ DFTF H lGlD¿ AG[ K[. VFD4 GFZL GFZFI6 GCL\
56 GFU6L 5}ZJFZ YFI K[P
72
[°d lp°e [p° [°_° [° fu[° L$pY$i°. L$ep° L$Qfp° L$ep ‚L$pf_p° R>° [°_° iu fu[° L$pY$hp°, L$ep
L$Qfp_° ‚p\rdL$[p Ap`hu hN°f° kh£ bpb[p° Δh_u isº[/‚pZisº[ ≈Z° R>° A_°
[° æ$dp_ykpf L$pY$u_° ifuf_° A°L$]$d L¨$Q_L$pep S>°hu kp° V$Q iyŸ L$fu_° S> T¨`i°. Ap`Z°
[p° dp” ‚pZisº[_° [° kapB L$peÆ L$fhp dpV°$_u [L$ `|fu `pX$hp_u R>°. blz [p° [°_°
klpeL$ \B iL$pe [°hp ‚epkp° S>°d L°$ A°r_dp g°hp° hN°f°... L$fhp ≈°BA°. Ap fu[°
Aphu `f°ip_u_° `Z `f°ip_u _ kdS>[p¨ kapB_y¨ kpͨ$ L$peÆ cNhp_ ‹pfp \B f¸y¨ R>°
[°hy¨ ≈Zu_° Ap_¨]$`|hÆL$ ]π$Ù$p b_u ≈°[p¨ fl°hp\u \p°X$p S> kdedp¨ [° `f°ip_uAp° `Z
Ap`p°Ap` ]|$f \B S>i°.
V|¨$L$dp¨ "`' `f°ip_u_p° _ kdS>[p¨ "`funp' (L$kp°V$u)_p° kdS>hp°.
i¨L$p : 65
r”k|”u kp^_p_° Jdf kp\° k¨b¨^ Mfp° ?
kdp^p_ :
kdpS>dp¨ A°hu `Z Ïep`L$ dpfie[p R>° L°$ ‚cycsº[ h©Ÿphı\pdp¨ S> \pe.
A°hu A°L$ Ïehı\p dp_h d_dp¨ _Ω$u R>° L°$ bpm`Z - eyhp_udp¨ AÊepk,
‚p•Y$phı\pdp¨ L$dpZu A_° h©Ÿphı\pdp¨ csº[. `f¨[y Ïehlpfdp¨ Ap`Z° ≈°B iL$uA°
R>uA° L°$ h©Ÿphı\pdp¨ Brfi÷ep° L$pd L$f[u _\u. ifuf kp\ Ap`[y¨ _\u. S>°\u csº[
dpV°$_u A°L$pN∞[p \[u _\u. Apd _pRy>V$L°$ kde `kpf L$fhp_p¨ kp^_ [fuL°$ gp°L$p°
csº[ dpNÆ A`_ph° R>°. S>°\u [°_y¨ am dm[y¨ _\u. ‚cycsº[_° hmu Jdf_p° bp^
iy¨ ? ‚cycsº[ [p° ‚\d\u A¨[ ky^u k[[ Ly$]$f[u fu[° S> Ap`p°Ap` \hu ≈°BA°.
‚cycsº[ A° pkp°pk_u qæ$ep_u dpaL$ S> Δh__p° A°L$ cpN b_u S>hu ≈°BA°.
ip˜p°dp¨\u `Z ≈Zu iL$pe R>° L°$ ^∞yh A_° ‚lgp]°$ bpm`Zdp¨ csº[ L$f°g. dp[p
`phÆ[uΔ, dufp¨bpB hN°f°A° eyhp_udp¨ csº[ L$fu. fp≈ d_y dlpfpS> A_° fpZu
i[Í$`pA° h©Ÿphı\pdp¨ csº[ L$fu. Apd, csº[_° Jdf kp\° L$p°B S> g°hp]°$hp _\u.
[° S> fu[° r”k|”u kp^_pdp¨ [`_u hp[ Aph° –epf° OZu hM[ gp°L$p° A°hy¨ L$l°[p
k¨cmpe R>° L°$ Ap b^p ‚ep°Np° Δh_ L$peÆdp¨\u r_h©— \ep bp]$ L$fpe. A\hp [p°
eyhp_u [p° Mphp-`uhp dp°S> d≈ L$fhp dpV°$ R>°. –epf° Aphu kp^_p_u hp[ _ lp°e,
hN°f°... bpm`Z dpV°$ [p° `R>u L$l°hy¨ S> iy¨ ?
lL$uL$[° bpÎephı\p S> kp^_p dpV°$ Ó°õ$ R>°. Ap Ahı\pdp¨ N∞lZrig[p_y¨
‚dpZ kp•\u JQy¨ lp°e R>°. bpÎephı\pdp¨ \e°g k¨ıL$pfp°_y¨ tkQ_ ]$uOÆΔhu lp°e R>°.
hmu Ap Ahı\pdp¨ ifuf_y¨ `Z b¨^pfZ \pe R>°. L$p°B`Z Bdpf[_u iÍ$Ap[ [°_p
89
Ap–dk¨[p°j `Z d°mhuiy¨. lL$uL$[° Ap`Z° ≈°B iL$uiy¨ L°$ `f°ip_uAp° b^u S>
"`p°[p_p' [fa\u S> \pe R>°. "`pfL$p' [fa\u _lv. lL$uL$[° [°d_° Ap`Zp ‚–e° ‚°d,
gpNZu klp_yc|r[ R>° dpV°$ Ap`Z_° kp^_pdp¨\u `pR>p hpmhp L$p°rij L$f° R>°. [°d_°
X$f R>° L°$ Aphu kp^_p `Ÿr[\u Aisº[ Aphu S>i° A_° _ ≈Z° iy¨ _y¨ iy¨ \B S>i°
? Aphp° Aop[ R|>`p° ce ‚°dhi kp^L$_° kp^_p R>p°X$phhp dS>byf L$f° R>°.
fpdQqf[ dp_k_p d[° - ""S>__u, S>_L$, b¨^y, k|[, ]$pfp, [_, ^_, ch_,
ky˘]$, `qfhpfp'' - Ap ]$i kp^_p dpNÆ_p rh¬_p° R>°.
Ap hp[ \B Afie gp°L$p° [fa\u Ap`Z_° \[u `f°ip_u_u. Aphu S> buΔ
A°L$ `f°ip_u h°W$hp_u `Z [•epfu fpMhp_u R>°. S>° R>° : S>°hu "[`'_u kp^_p iÍ$
L$fip° L°$ [yf[ S> ipfuqfL$ [L$guap° iÍ$ \B S>hu k¨crh[ R>°. L$p°B_° b°Q°_u fl°, L$p°B_°
QΩ$f Aph°, L$p°B_° dp\y¨ ]y$:M°, L$p°B_° `N_u `vX$uAp° apV°$, kp¨\m ]y$:M° L°$ Afie S>¡epA°
]y$:Mphp° A_ychpe, L$p°B_° DÎV$u \pe, L$p°B_° TpX$p \B ≈e, L$p°B_° `ku_p° R|>V°$,
L$p°B_° [ph Aph°, `°V$dp¨ bm[fp \pe hN°f°... hN°f°... ApNm ≈°ey¨ [°d Aphu
`f°ip_uAp° `Z Ly$]$f[u ‚qæ$ep S> R>° A_° [° S>Í$fu R>°. dpV°$ S> \pe R>°. S>°\u [°_°
klS>, kljÆ ıhuL$pfu g°hu [°dp¨ S> X$lp`Z R>°. ApNm ≈°ey¨ [°d Ap `f°ip_uAp°_°
`Z `f°ip_u _ kdS>[p¨ `funp kdΔ `pf L$fhu. [° `f°ip_u S>ep¨ ky^u S>Í$fu li°
–ep¨ ky^u S> fl°i°. `R>u Ap`p°Ap` Agp°` \B S>i° A_° `R>u L$epf°e ]°$Mp ]°$i° _lv.
Aphu `f°ip_u ip dpV°$ Aph° R>° [° `Z kdΔ g°hy¨ S>Í$fu R>°. S>epf° Ap`Z° `°V$dp¨ L¨$B
_p¨M[p _\u –epf° cNhp_ S>° Ap`Zpdp¨ S>W$pfprî ıhÍ$`° L°$ Q°[_pisº[ / ‚pZisº[
ıhÍ$`° fl°g R>° [° kapB_y¨ L$pd Qpgy L$fu ]°$i°. S>°hp° L$Qfp° ifufdp¨ A°L$W$p° \e°g li° [°
L$Qfp dyS>b_u kapB L$fi°. S>°d L°$ Ap`Z° L$p°B S>¡epA° kapB L$fhu lp°e –ep¨ dp”
f≈°V$ (^|m_p¨ fS>L$Zp°) S> S>dp \e°g R>°. [p° [°_° kphfZu\u, L$`X$p¨_u Tp`V$\u L°$
kp]$u lhp dpfu_° kpa L$fu iL$pi°. `Z L$Qfp° iplu_p° X$pOp°, QpkZu_p° X$pOp° li° [p°
[°_° `pZudp¨ `gpmu `p°[p\u Oku_° kpa L$fhy¨ `X$i°. [° S> fu[° Ap°Bg `°BfiV$_p° X$pO
li° [p° L°$fp°ku_, `°V≤$p°g hN°f°_u d]$]$\u A_° hpef b∞i\u [pL$p[`|hÆL$ Oku_° kpa
L$fhy¨ `X$i°. √lp_p° X$pO, gugp _pmue°f_p¨ `pZu_p° X$pO L°$ [°hp Afie X$pOpAp° S>°dp¨
[° `uNmu iL°$ [°hp fkpeZp° hp`fu_° kpa L$fhp `X$i°. Aphy¨ S> ifufdp¨ S>dp
\e°g L$Qfp dpV°$ cNhp_° L$fhy¨ `X$i°. A°V$g° L°$ L$p°B L$Qfp° A°hp° lp°e S>°_° bpmhp°
`X°$ [p° [ph Aphi°. L$p°B L$Qfp° A°hp° lp°e S>°_y¨ N°k/hpeydp¨ Í$`p¨[f L$fu_°
L$pY$hp° `X°$ [p° N°k \i°. `qfZpd° ifuf_p¨ Sy>]$p Sy>]$p A¨Np°dp¨ ]y$:Mphp° A_ychpe.
L$ p ° B L$ Q fp° A° h p° lp° e L° $ S>° `ku_p dpfa[ _uL$ m ° [° d lp° e , [p° `ku_p
dpfa[ L$pY$i°. L$p°B L$Qfp° A°hp° lp°e L°$ [° k¨X$pk, d|”, DÎV$u \B_° _uL$mu iL°$
88
i≠Lp : 40
fL$[]$p_ L$fhp\u hS>_ h^° ?
kdp^p_ :
h^y hS>_\u tQr[[ A°L$ eyhr[_u Ap dy¨ThZ l[u. [°Z° `l°gu hM[
fL$[]$p_ L$eyØ A_° [°_p d_dp¨ W$kpB Ney¨ L°$ hS>_ fL$[]$p_ L$fhp\u S> h¬ey¨ R>°. hS>_
D[pfhp L$kf[p°, X$pe°V$vN, ]$hp hN°f° A_°L$rh^ D`pep° L$f°g R>[p¨ hS>_ OV$hp_p
b]$g° h^[y¨ S>[y¨ l[y¨. Ap\u [°Z° dpfp° k¨`LÆ$ L$f°g. d¢ [°_° kdS> Ap`u L°$ fL$[]$p_
L$fhp\u hS>_ h^hp_° L$p°B L$pfZ _\u. d¢ Qpgui\u h^y hM[ fL$[]$p_ L$f°g R>°.
OZp kp°-kp°\u `Z h^y hM[ fL$[]$p_ L$f[p lp°e R>° `Z L$p°B_p hS>_ h^hp_p
qL$ıkp ¬ep_dp¨ _\u. Ap\u [° hp[ dNS>dp¨\u ]|$f L$fu ]°$hu. d¢ [°_° ep°¡e Aplpf
`Ÿr[ kd≈hu S>°_p° [°Z° Adg L$ep£ A_° ]$f drl_° ”Z qL$gp°_p rlkpb\u hS>_
OV$hp gp¡ey¨ A_° [°_° ≈°B[y¨ hS>_ Aphu Ney¨. L°$fu L°$ L°$mp Mphp\u hS>_ h^hp_p°
øepg `Z [°V$gp° S> Ïep`L$ R>°. `f¨[y [° `Z c∞pdL$ R>°.H[ HFT 5ZGF\
5|IMUMYL l;wW SZ[, K[P
i≠Lp : 41
Xy¨$Nmu gkZ Mhpe Mfp ?
kdp^p_ :
lp. A_°L$ rQqL$–kp `Ÿr[Ap°dp¨ Xy¨$Nmu gkZ_p° D`ep°N \pe R>°.
bfl°dp¨ kpfp Ap•jr^e NyZp° S>Zphpep R>°. fp¨¬ep hNf_p¨ L$pQ° L$pQp Xy¨$Nmu-gkZ
ape]$pL$pfL$ R>°. OZp ^dp£/k¨‚]$pep° Xy¨$Nmu gkZ Mphp_u d_pB L$f° R>°. Ap\u
≈° [dp° Aphp L$p°B ^dÆ/k¨‚]$pe_p A_yepeu lp° A_° Xy¨$Nmu-gkZ hS>eÆ NZ[p lp°
[p° _ Mphp.
[V$ı\ fu[° L$lz¨ [p° ^dpØ^[p A_° op_p¨^[pdp¨\u blpf Aphhy¨ A° kpQp°
^prdÆL$ A_° kpQp° h•opr_L$ L$l°hpe.
Xy¨$Nmu gkZ _ Mphp `pR>m_y¨ ^prdÆL$ L$pfZ A°hy¨ Ap`hpdp¨ Aph° R>° L°$
[°_p\u [pdku h©r—dp¨ h^pfp° \pe R>°. Ap\u lh° A° [`pkhy¨ ≈°BA° L°$ iy¨ Ap hp[
Mf°Mf kpQu R>° ? S>° A°hp Ly$Vy¨$bdp¨ S>fiÁep R>° L°$ S>fid\u S> [°Z° Xy¨$Nmu gkZ Mp^p
_\u L°$ ky¨¬ep `Z _\u A_° [°_p `}h"HM A° `Z `°YuAp°\u _\u Mp$^p R [p≠ [°
A°V$gu [pdku ‚L©$r[_p lp°e R>° L°$ Xy¨$Nmu gkZ Mp_pf [°_u `pk° kph hpdZp°
73
kprb[ \pe. [° S> fu[° Xy¨$Nmu gkZ_y¨ k°h_ Δh_cf L$f_pf A°hp ≈°hp dmi° S>°
[pdk _lv lp°e.
cNhp_° S>epf° Ap`Z_° byqŸ Ap`u S> R>° [p° [°_p° kpQp° D`ep°N L$fu_°
r_ZÆe L$f[p iuMhy¨ ≈°BA°. [°dp¨ S> byqŸd[p R>°. bpL$u [p° L$p°BA° L$lu ]$u^y¨ A_° hp°fp
cpB_p _pX$$p_u S>°d S>X$[p`|hÆL$ `L$X$u gu^y¨ [° [p° byqŸ_y¨ ]°$hpmy a}¨L$hp S>°hy¨ R>°.
i¨L$p : 42
d_° dpfu b°bu rbdpfuAp° gphu.
kdp^p_ :
A°L$ eyhp_ he_u dp[p_u Ap dy¨ThZ l[u. [° L$l° R>° L°$ [°_° `l°gp°
`y” \ep°, buΔ `y”u. `y”u_p° S>fid \[p¨_u kp\° S> [° rbdpfudp¨ ^L°$gpB NB
R>°. `y”u Mfpb `Ngp_u A`iyL$r_epm R>° [°hy¨ [° ◊Y$[p\u dp_° R>°. iÍ$ iÍ$dp¨
A°gp°`°\uL$, Apeyh£q]$L$, lp°rdep°`°\uL$ A_° [°hu Afie L°$V$gue° rQqL$–kp `Ÿr[Ap°\u
kpͨ$ _ \[p¨ ]$p°fp-^pNp_p° klpfp° gu^p° - R>°hV°$ dpfp° k¨`LÆ$ L$ep£. d¢ [°d_° rhN[°
kdS>Z Ap`u L°$ ]°$l cp°S>_\u b_°g R>°. cp°S>__u c|g_° L$pfZ° fp°N S>fid°
R>°. [° c|gp° ky^pfhp_u `Z kdS>Z Ap`u A_° dp” b° drl_pdp¨ [°d_° fp°Np°dp¨\u
[°dS> dNS>dp¨ S>° c|[ cfpB Ne°g L°$ [°_u `y”u_° gu^° dyÌL°$gu k≈ÆB R>° [°dp¨\u
dysº[ dmu NB/dp°n dmu Nep°.
i¨L$p : 43
Ap¨M_u _kp° kΔh_ \pe ?
kdp^p_ :
lp. ≈° kdS>Z`|hÆL$ ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ A`_phhpdp¨ Aph° [p° [° `Z
iL$e R>°. S>epf° lz¨ hX$p°]$fp rihisº[ kp°kp.dp¨ fl°[p° l[p° –epf° A°L$ dpΔ_° Aphu
[L$gua \B Ne°g. S>° S>° Ap¨M_p r_ÛZp[p°_° b[ph°g [° kp•A° L$l°g L°$ Ap¨M_u _kp°
k|L$pB NB R>°. lh° ky^pfp_° L$p°B S> AhL$pi _\u. ]$hp L°$ Ap°`f°i_ L$pd _lv gpN°.
[°d_° d¢ ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ kd≈hu. [° dyS>b [°dZ° `pg_ L$eyØ A_° ≈°[≈°[pdp¨
Ap¨Mp°dp¨ _hQ°[_ Aphhp gp¡eÿ A_° dp” ”Z drl_pdp¨ [° Jdfdp¨ S>° Ap¨M_u sı\r[
]$f°L$_u kpdpfie fu[° lp°e R>° [°_p L$f[p `Z kpfu Ap¨M \B NB. kpͨ$ ]°$Mphp gp¡ey¨.
74
kp^_p S> ip dpV°$ L$p°B`Z n°”° ‚Nr[ / D¬hÆNr[ L$fip° A°V$g° Ahfp°^p° Aphhp_p
S> (lp¨ A^p°Nr[dp¨ [° rh¬_p° bp^p _pM[p _\u). duL°$_uL$g cpjpdp¨ hp[ L$fuA° [p°
Nr[_p° Ahfp°^L$ OjÆZ R>°. ≈° OjÆZ S> _ lp°e [p°, Nr[ S> iL$e _\u. Bg°L$V≤$uL$g
cpjpdp¨ hp[ L$fuA° [p° huS> ‚hpl hl_dp¨ Ahfp°^L$ f°TuıV$fik, BfiXL$V$uh [\p
L°$`°kuV$uh fuA°L$V$fik R>°. [° hu_p huS> hl_ iL$e _\u. ]$f°L$ n°”° Ap rkŸp¨[ gpNy
`X°$ R>°. [° S> fu[° r”k|”u kp^_p - [` - k°hp - kyrdf__° `Z [° S> r_ed gpNy `X°$
R>°. S>°hu kp^_p iÍ$ \i° L°$ [yf[ S> `f°ip_uAp° iÍ$ \B S>i°. `f°ip_u_p° "`'_u
bpfpnfu_p¨ bpf°bpf Anfp°\u `f°ip_u iÍ$ \B S>i° S>° _uQ° dyS>b R>° :-
` : `r[ / `–_u, `qfhpfS>_p°, `qfrQ[p°
`p : `pX$p°iu, `pgL$ (r`[p, dp[p, L$pL$p, dpdp...), `pL$ipmp
r5 : r`[pfpBAp°, r`[p, r`ey, r`ef
`u : `ufkZuepAp°, `uY$ gp°L$p°
`y : `y” - `y”u
`| : `|fpZp øepgp°, `|fpZp gp°L$p°
`° : `°V$
`• : `•kp°
`p° : `p°[p`œ¨ - Al¨, `p°[p_p NZp[p b^p S>
`p• : `p•”p°
`¨ : `¨qX$[p°, `¨X$, `¨Qpr[epAp°
ApNm_p qL$ıkpAp°dp¨ ≈°ey¨ [°d Ahfp°^ Ly$]$f[u ‚qæ$ep R>° S>° hNf Nr[ S>
iL$e _\u. Ası[–h S> iL$e _\u. dpV°$ [° S>Í$fu R>°. [° S> fu[° kp^_pdp¨ `f°ip_u
`Z [°V$gu S> S>Í$fu R>°. S>°d gp°L$iplu Qgphhp dpV°$ kbm kpQp° kpfp° rhfp°^`n
lp°hp° S>Í$fu R>°. Ap\u `f°ip_u AphÌeL$ kdΔ_° [°_° AphL$pfhu ≈°BA°. ^y–L$pfhu
≈°BA° _lv. S>°d l_ydp_ΔA° rh¬_p°_p¨ ‚L$pf dyS>b [°_u kp\° L$pd `pf `pX$u_°
[dpd rh¬_p° `pf L$fu Nep [°d kp^L°$ `Z ]$f°L$ `f°ip_u_° ep°¡e fu[° dyghu [°_p°
ep°¡e fı[p° ip°^u g°hp° ≈°BA°. `f°ip_u_° rh¬_p° _ kdS>[p¨ [°_° "`' `f°ip_u_°
b]$g° "`' `funp_p° "`' kdS>hp°. Ap\u [° [dpd `funpAp° æ$di: `pf L$fhp_u
Ap`Z_° kyT-byT-kdS>Zisº[ A_° Ap¨[qfL$ D–kpl ‚cy S> `|fp° `pX$i° A_° [°
fu[° A°L$ `R>u A°L$ `funpAp° `pk L$f[p¨ L$f[p¨ r_^pÆfu[ gn ky^u `lp¢Qu iL$uiy¨.
A°V$gy¨ S> _lv `p°[° D√Q L$np lp¨kg L$fu gu^u lp°hp\u lh° `p°[p_u kp\° k¨L$mpe°g
`qfrQ[p°_° `Z `p°[p_u JQpBA° gphhp ‚e–_iug fluiy¨. A¨^L$pfdp¨ X|$b°g [°Ap°_°
lh° `p°[° d°mh°g ‚L$pi Ap`hp_u L$p°rij L$fuiy¨ A_° [° fu[° ‚cy k°hp L$epÆ_p°
87
i¨L$p : 63
r”k|”u kp^_p_u iÍ$Ap[ iu fu[° L$fhu ?
kdp^p_ :
kp^_p_° qæ$ep kp\° k¨b¨^ _\u.
chp_u i¨L$fp° hfi]°$ ÓŸp rhÌhpk f|r`Zp• $&
epÊep¨ rh_p _ `Ìesfi[ rk¬^p: ıhpfi[: ı\rdÌhfdπ $&&
lz¨ ÓŸp (op_ dpNÆ)_p ‚r[L$ chp_u [\p rhpk (csº[ dpNÆ)_p¨ ‚r[L$
rihΔ_u h¨]$_p L$ͨ$ Ry>¨ L°$ S>°_p¨ rh_p rk¬^p° `Z `p°[p_p¨ A¨[:L$fZdp¨ fl°g Bf_°
≈°B iL$[p _\u. Apd ‚cy ‚pr· dpV°$ ÓŸp A\hp [p° rhpk_u S>Í$f R>°. dp”
qæ$ep\u ‚cy ‚pr· k¨ch _\u. dp_hu_p¨ ifuf `f d__p° L$pby R>°. d_ kpQu hp[
kdS>i° [p° S> [°_° `L$X$i° Ap\u kpQy¨ iy¨ A\hp Mp°Vy¨$ iy¨ [° kdS>hy¨ A–e¨[ S>Í$fu R>°.
Mp°Vy¨$ iy¨ R>° [° ≈Z[p¨ S> d_ [°_° R>p°X$u ]°$i°. A°V$g° L°$ ÓŸp ep [p° rhpk dpV°$ `Z kpQy¨
iy¨ L°$ Mp°Vy¨$ iy¨ [° ≈Zhy¨ S>Í$fu b_u ≈e R>°. Ap\u S> r”k|”u kp^_p_° ep°¡e fu[°
kdS>hu AphÌeL$ R>°. kp^_p kdS>ep hNf S> qæ$ep Apf¨cu ]°$hpdp¨ Aphi° [p° [°
gp¨bp° kde _lv V$L°$. r”k|”u kp^_p [`-k°hp-kyrdf_ fpdQqf[ dp_kdp¨ S>Zph°g
R>°. [° S> kp^_p Nu[pΔdp¨, Ly$fp_° ifuadp¨, bpBbgdp¨, NyfyN∞¨\kprlbdp¨ hN°f°
gNcN [dpd ^dÆN∞¨\p°dp¨ ıhuL$pfpe°g R>°. dp” _pd AgN AgN A`pe°g R>°. Ap
kp^_p_y¨ ‚\d QfZ R>°, "[`' A°V$g° L°$ ipfuqfL$ ı[f `f Mp°fpL$_u `¬^r[ kdS>hu.
S>° dpV°$ _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p [\p _hu rhQpf Opfp hp¨Qhu. ‚\d "[`'\u ]°$l iyŸ-
r_fp°Nu b_phhp°. kp\p°kp\ "k°hp'\u d__° r_dÆm b_phhy¨. bp]$ "¬ep_' (kyrdf_)
kfm b_u S>i°.
i≠Lp : 64
r”k|”u kp^_p_p¨ rh¬_p° L$ep L$ep R>° ? [° rh¬_p° iu fu[° `pf L$fu iL$pe ?
kdp^p_ :
L$p°B`Z kp^_p iÍ$ L$fp° L°$ [yf[ S> [°dp¨ rh¬_p° Aphhp iÍ$ \B ≈e R>°.
l_ydp_Δ S>epf° ku[pΔ_u ip°^dp¨ _uL$m° R>° –epf° [°d_° S>du_ `f\u, kdy÷dp¨\u
[°dS> ApL$pidp¨\u rh¬_p° Aph°gp. d[gb L°$ A°L$ `Z S>¡ep A°hu bpL$p[ _\u
S>ep¨\u rh¬_p° _ ApÏep lp°e. ı\m, S>m [p° W$uL$ `Z ApL$pidp¨\u `Z rh¬_p°
Aph°gp. Ap fu[° ≈°BA° [p° rh¬_p° Aphhp A° klS> A°V$g° L°$ Ly$]$f[u ‚qæ$ep R>°.
86
X\SF o $$
Ap¨M_p° Tpdf dV°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
lp. dpfp° kpmp° QÌdp_p° ^¨^p° L$f° R>°. [° Ap¨M_p _¨bf Ap°R>p \pe L°$ Tpdf
Ap°`f°i_ hNf dV°$ [°hy¨ dp_hp rbgLy$g [•epf _ l[p°. Ly$]$f[u S> [°_° S> Tpdf \ep°
A_° ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ A`_phhp\u [°_u AQfS> h√Q° Ap°`f°i_ hNf S> Tpdf
dV$u Nep°. [°_° dpV°$ Ap Qd–L$pfuL$ OV$_p l[u. Aphp Tpdf dV$Èp_p Afie qL$ıkpAp°
`Z R>° S>.
i≠Lp : 45
Ap¨M_p _¨bf OV°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
lp ! Ap¨M A° ifuf/]°$l_p° S> cpN R>°. ≈° ]°$l_p Afie fp°Np° dV$[p lp°e, [p°
Ap¨Mdp¨ QÌdp gpNhp [° `Z fp°N S> R>°. S>°\u [° `Z OV°$, r_d|Æm `Z \pe A_°
Aphp [p° Ak¨øe ]$pMgpAp° R>°. M|]$ dpfp° S> ]$pMgp° `Z R>°.
i≠Lp : 46
˜u fp°Np°dp¨ ape]$p° \pe ?
kdp^p_ :
Qp°Ω$k ! Afie fp°Np° A° S>°d ]°$l_p NyZ^dp£ R>° S>° ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[
A`_phhp\u r_d|Æm \B ≈e R>°. [p° S>°_° Ap`Z° ˜u fp°Np° (Npe_°L$ X$ukuT)
L$luA° R>uA° [° `Z ifuf_p¨ S> / ]°$l_p¨ S> NyZ^dp£ R>°. S>°\u [°dp¨ Qp°Ω$k
ape]$p° \pe S>. dp” ape]$p° S> ip dpV°$ [° fp°Np° S> r_d|Æm \B ≈e. Adpfu
`pk° Ak¨øe qL$ıkpAp° Aph° R>° S>° Afie fp°Np° S>°d L°$ X$pepbuV$uk, bu.`u.,
L$df_p/kp¨^p_p L°$ dp\p_p ]y$:Mphp.... hN°f°_p BgpS> dpV°$ Aph[p lp°e R>°.
[°hu ˜uAp° `p°[p_p [° [dpd fp°Np° [p° ]|$f \B Nep [°hy¨ S>Zph[p A° `Z S>Zph°
R>° L°$ [°d_° dprkL$ Ar_erd[ Aph[y¨ [° r_erd[ \B Ney¨. dprkL$ hM[° Ak¸
]y$:Mphp° `°V$dp¨ \[p° [° lh° S>fp `Z ]y$:M[y¨ _\u. gp¨bp° kde ky^u fL$[˜ph
\[p° [° Npmp° `Z OV$u Nep° R>°. [°dS> Afie fp°N_u S>° Npe_°L$ [L$guap° l[u
[° `Z ]|$f \B NB R>°. ‚kyr[ hM[° kuT°fue_ L$fphhp_u S>Í$f fl°[u _\u.
75
 i≠Lp : 47
k¨[p_ ‚pr· `Z iy¨ iL$e R>° Mfu ?
kdp^p_ :
lp. ‚S>__[¨” A° Ap ]°$l_p° S> A°L$ cpN R>°. k¨[p_ _ \hy¨ [° ‚S>__
[¨”_u Mpdu R>° / ‚S>__ [¨”_p° fp°N R>°. S>°d Afie fp°Np° ]|$f \B iL°$ R>° [°d
Ap fp°N `Z ]|$f \B iL°$ R>°. Aphp A_°L ‚ep°Np° \B Q|Lep R>° S>° [dpddp¨
Bs√R>[ `qfZpdp° d˛ep R>°. S>°\u lz¨ Mpk lh° ]$f°L$ S>¡epA° L$lz¨ Ry>¨ L°$ Aphp
]¨$`r[Ap° ApNm Aphp° S>°dZ° k¨[p_ \hp_u Apip R>p°X$u ]$u^u R>°. [°Ap° Ap
kp^_p A`_ph° "[`' L$f° [p° Qp°Ω$k `qfZpd dmi° S>.
i≠Lp : 48
hpl_dp¨ dykpafu \B iL$[u _\u. [°_p° BgpS> Mfp° ?
kdp^p_ :
hpl_dp¨ dykpafu L$fhp\u QΩ$f Aphhp gpN°, DgV$u \pe, b°Q°_u h[pÆe,
NdNu_u fl°, AL$mpdZ \pe, L$p°B hp[° kyMQ°_ fl° S> _lv. Aphy¨ OZp_° \[y¨ lp°e
R>° - ˜uAp°_° krhi°j. ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ A`_phhp\u Aphu [L$guap° kl°S>°
S>[u fl° R>°. L$p°B S> ]$hp_u d]$]$ hNf S> gp¨bu dykpafu Ap_¨]$\u L$fu iL°$ R>°. Aphp
[p° Ak¨øe qL$ıkpAp° dp¨ kam[p dmu R>°.
i¨L$p : 49
Nyıkp° M|b S> Aph° R>°. [°_p° BgpS> Mfp° ?
kdp^p_ :
lp ! ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ A`_phhp\u Nyıkp° OV$u Nep_p k¨øepb¨^
]$pMgpAp° R>°.
i≠Lp : 50
Mug_p° D`pe Mfp° ?
kdp^p_ :
lp. ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[\u Mugdp¨ M|b S> fpl[ \ep_p Ak¨øe ]$pMgpAp°
R>°. eyhr[Ap° dpV°$ Ap dy¨Th[p° khpg lp°e R>°. S>°_p\u Ql°fp° L$]$Í$`p° \B ≈e R>°.
]$hpAp° g°hp R>[p¨ dV$[y¨ _\u A_° Ql°fp D`f X$pO - X$pO \B ≈e R>°. S>° L$ped fl°
R>°. Mug \hp [°_° eyhp_u_u r_ip_u dp_hpdp¨ Aph° R>° S>° c∞d R>°. ≈° bQ`Z\u
76
A°f/N°k_y¨ buSy>¨ D]π$ch ı\p_ R>° : Mp°fpL$. Mp°fpL$dp¨ `Z fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$
]$pm - cp[ - fp°V$gu - fp°V$gp hN°f° [° S> q]$hk° L°$ bu≈ q]$hk° bNX$u S>i°, N¨^pB
S>i°. N°k D–`fl \hp gpNi°. [° S> ]$pm - Qp°Mp - bpS>fu - O¨D S>°d_p [°d fp¨›ep
hNf drl_pAp°_p drl_pAp° `X$u fl°i° [p° [°dp¨ N°k D–`fl _lv \pe.
Mp°fpL$dp¨ buSy>¨ R>° ]|$^ A_° ]|$^_u [dpd b_phV$p°. S>°dp¨ S>g]$u\u N°k
D–`fl \pe R>°. Mphp-`uhp_u Afie hı[y_u kp\° S> ]|$^_° Nfd L$fhpdp¨ Aph[p¨
kp•\u `l°gp¨ ]|$^dp¨ DapZp° Aph° R>° [° ]$ipÆh° R>° L°$ ]|$^dp¨ `yÛL$m ‚dpZdp¨ N°k R>°. ]|$^
- ]$lv - R>pi hN°f°_° A°L$ hpkZdp¨ gB [°_° `°`f Y$p¨L$u kug L$fu ]°$hpdp¨ Aph° [p°
\p°X$p kdedp¨ S> L$pNm D`f ]$bpZ D]π$chi° A_° L$pNm_° `Z apX$u _pM° [°V$gy¨
]$bpZ \i°. S>° N°k \ep_u kprb[u R>°.
Ap\u Aphp° Aplpf b¨^ L$fhp\u kL$i_dp¨_u A°f kug L$fhp S>°hy¨ \i°.
Apd [p° ]$f°L$ Mp°fpL$dp¨\u N°k [p° b_° S> R>°. `f¨[y [° Ly$]$f[u Ïehı\p dyS>b S>
_uL$mu S>[p° lp°e R>°. `f¨[y Ap`Z° fp¨^°g Mp°fpL$ A_° ]|$^/]|$^_u b_phV$p° Mp^p
hNf flu iL$[p _\u. S>°\u Ap h^pfp_p° N°k L$pY$hp dpV°$ "A°f h°fiV$' d|L$hp_u S>Í$f
`X°$ A°V$g° L°$ ‚pZpepd, f°QL$ `]$p\p£, lmhu L$kf[p° L°$ A°r_dp A° ifuf dpV°$_p A°f
h°fiVπ$k R>°.
Apd, S>°_p\u N°k \pe R>° [°hp° Aplpf A°V$g° L°$ ]|$^ / ]|$^_u b_phV$p°
[°dS> fp¨^°g Aplpf b_° [°V$gp° Ap°R>p° g°hp°. [°_u S>¡epA° am, a}g, `p_ g°hp A_°
kdep¨[f° A°r_dp gB g°hp° A\hp [p° ‚pZpepd hN°f° L$kf[p° L$fhp\u `pqLÆ$fik_
dV$i° [°dS> Afie ]y$:Mphp, lpVÆ$A°V°$L$ hN°f° `Z dV$i°.
i≠Lp : 62
Mphp-`uhp-JOhp_p° dp`]¨$X$ ip° ?
kdp^p_ :
L$p°B S> _lv. cNhp_ k¨Qpg_ L$fu f¸p° R>°. c|M gpN° –epf° Mphy¨, c|M
k¨[p°jpe A°V$gy¨ Mphy¨ - _lv Ap°Ry>¨, _lv h^y. [° S> fu[° `pZu A_° JO bpb[°
kdS>hy¨. Ap`Zp [fa\u L$p°B S> _ur[ r_edp° W$p°L$u b°kpX$hp _lv.;'lQ8DF\ DFGJ[TZ
ÒJ ;'lQ8 DF8[ VFJF SM. H DF5N\0 GYLP
85
`p°gu\u_ `pB`\u `pZu `pAp° R>p° –epf° L$epf°e `pB` gpB_dp¨ ^∞y≈fu \[u ≈°B R>°
Mfu ? [°d_p° S>hpb l[p° : lp. Aphy¨ [p° OZu hpf b_° R>°. S>epf° S>epf° "A°f'
(Air - lhp) Aphhp dp¨X°$ –epf° Aphy¨ \pe. A°f Aphhp_p° dyøe ˜p°[ lp°e R>° kL$i_
(Suction) S>ep¨\u `pZu g°hpe R>° A_° [° X$uguhfu (Delivery) `pB`dp¨\u `pZu
kp\° _uL$m° R>°. –epf° `pB`dp¨ ^∞y≈fu Aph° R>°. ≈° L$p°B L$pfZkf h^y `X$[u A°f
Aphhp gpN° A\hp [p° _uL$mu _ iL°$ [p° [° `p°gu\u__u `pB` [p° iy¨ `Z dS>b|[
rkd°fiV$_u L°$ gp°M¨X$_u `pB`_° `Z [p°X$u _p¨M° A°V$gu ≈°f]$pf [pL$p[ ^fph° R>°. Aphy¨
dp°Vy¨$ _yL$kp_ _ \pe [° dpV°$ qX$guhfu kpBX°$ "A°f h°fiV$' (Air Vent) A°V$g° L°$ lhp_°
_uL$mu S>hp dpV°$_p° fı[p° L$fu Ap`uA° R>uA°. Ap\u L$p°B`Z L$pfZ° Nd° –epf° kL$i_\u
lhp Aphhp gpN° [p° `Z `pB`_° _yL$kp_ _ \pe A_° b^u lhp [° "h°fiV$' dpfa[
_uL$mu ≈e. Apd [p° lhp kL$i_ `pB`dp¨ L$ep¨\u Aph° R>° [° ip°^u_° [°_° S> kug
L$fu ]$BA° R>uA° S>°\u X$ughfudp¨ A°f Aphhp_y¨ `Z b¨^ \B ≈e. S>°\u `pZu_p°
‚hpl `Z r_rhƬ_° QpÎep L$f°.
d¢ [°d_° L$¸y¨ L°$ [dp° b^y¨ S> ≈Zp° R>p°. S>°V$gy¨ `pZu `yfhW$p_p A°sfiS>r_ef
≈Z[p lp°e. R>[p¨ dyÌL°$gu A° R>° L°$ Aphu kfm bpb[ Ap`Zp ifuf bpb[dp¨
Ap`Z° ≈Z[p _\u.
`pqLÆ$fik_ [p° W$uL$ `Z bu.`u., ˘]$e_° gN[p fp°Np°, Afie ipfuqfL$ ]y$:MphpAp°
A_° lpVÆ$ A°V°$L$ L°$ lpVÆ$ a°BÎep°f `Z Ap S> L$pfZ° \pe R>°. S>°d `pB`dp¨ ^∞y≈fu Aph°
R>° [°dS> ifufdp¨ L¨$`_ Aph° R>° S>°_° `pqLÆ$fik_ _pd Ap`Z° Ap‡ey¨. `pB`_u q]$hpgp°
D`f ]$bpZ Aph° R>° [°d ifuf_p Ahehp° D`f A°f-N°k_p L$pfZ° ]$bpZ Aphhp\u
]y$:Mphp° \pe R>°, fL$[hprl_u `f ]$bpZ Aphhp\u ˘]$e° h^y [pL$p[\u L$pd L$fhy¨ `X°$
R>° S>°_° bu.`u. L$luA° R>uA°; ku^y¨ ˘]$e D`f ]$bpZ Aph° [°_° lpVÆ$ A°V°$L$ L$luA°
R>uA° A_° ˘]$e_u L°$`°kuV$u\u `Z S>epf° N°k_p gu^° ]$bpZ h^u ≈e –epf° ˘]$e
b¨^ `X$u ≈e [°_° lpVÆ$ a°BÎep°f L$luA° R>uA°.
D`pe kph ku^p° R>°. A°L$ R>° L$pedu ^p°fZ° A°f h°fiV$ d|L$p°. bu≈° R>° S>ep¨\u
A°f Aph° R>° [°_° kug L$fu ]$p°. ifuf `Z A°L$ e¨” S> R>°. [°_° `Z Ap S> r_edp° gpNy
`X°$ R>°. ifufdp¨ A°f (N°k) Aphhp_p fı[p ip°^u L$pY$hp.
A°L$ R>° _pL$ S>ep¨\u N°k (A°f - lhp) ifufdp¨ ]$pMg \pe R>°. `f¨[y [°
k_[¨” ifuf_° Qgphhp / ifuf_° iyŸ fpMhp [°_p r_dpÆ[p A°hp cNhp_° [°_u
fQ_p L$f°g R>°. Ap\u [° AphÌeL$ A¨N R>°. S>°\u [°_° kug L$fpe _lv. A¨]$f ]$pMg
\[u Ap A°f_p r_L$pg_u `Z cNhp_° Ïehı\p L$f°g S> R>° S>°\u [° rkıV$ddp¨ A°f
h°fiV$ d|L$hp S>Í$fu _\u.
84
S> ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ A`_phhpdp¨ Aph° [p° [°_° L$epf°e Mug \i° S> _lv. Mug
A° A°L$ ≈[_y¨ NX$-NydX$ L$l°hpe. S>° ifufdp¨ A°L$”u[ \e°g dm_u QpX$u Mpe R>°.
Ap dm ]|$^-]|$^_u b_phV$p° [\p fp¨^°g Aplpf A_° [°dp¨ `Z rbıL$uV$, Qp°L$g°V$
S>°hu d¢]$p_u b_phV$p°\u \pe R>°. Ap\u bpm`Z\u S> dp-bp`° k≈N \B ep°¡e
Aplpf `Ÿr[_u `p°[p_p bpmL$_° V°$h `pX$hu ≈°BA°. S>°_p\u Mug `Z _lv \pe
A_° Afie fp°Np° `Z _lv \pe. ApNm S>[p¨ _lv QÌdp Aph°, _lv ]$p¨[ `X°$, _lv
hpm ka°]$ \pe, eyhp_u g¨bpB S>i°. OX$`Z W°$gpB S>i°.;FYM;FY .lgãI4 DG4
A]lwW4 lR—4 GM ;FZM lJSF; YX[P
i¨L$p : 51
Ap¨M_° af[p L$pmp Ly¨$X$pmp \B ≈e R>° [°_p° BgpS> Mfp° ?
kdp^p_ :
lp ! Ap¨M_p af[° L$pmp Ly¨$X$pmp \hp [° QdÆfp°N R>°. QpdX$u_p° rhL$pf R>°. S>°
Afie fp°Np°_u S>°d S> ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ A`_ph_pf _p≠ ]|$f \ep R>°.
i¨L$p : 52
L$p°Y$ `Z dV°$ ? QpdX$u_p Afie fp°Np° `Z dV°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
lp ! L$p°Y$ A° `Z QpdX$u_p° fp°N R>°. ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[\u Aphp L°$V$gpe
]$]$wAp°_p L$p°Y$ S>[p f¸p R>°. QpdX$u_p Afie fp°Np° Mk, MfS>hy¨, L$pmp X$pOp, ka°]$
]$pN, gpg Qp¨W$p, kp°fpekuk hN°f° [dpd fp°Np° dV$Èp_p Ak¨øe qL$ıkpAp° R>°.
i¨L$p : 53
iy¨ lp\u `Np° `Z dV$u iL°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
lp. lp\u`Np° A° `Z ]°$l_p° fp°N R>°. ]°$l_p Afie fp°Np° S>°d ep°¡e Aplpf
`Ÿr[\u dV°$ R>° [°dS> lp\u`Np° `Z dV°$ R>° A_° dV$u Nep_p ]$pMgp `Z R>° S>.
i¨L$p : 54
L$p__u bl°fpi dV$u iL°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
L$p_dp¨\u `pZu S>°hy¨ ‚hplu _uL$˛ep L$f[y¨ lp°e, L$p_dp¨ Sy>]$p Sy>]$p Ahp≈°
k¨cmpep L$f[p lp°e Aphu b^u L$p__u [L$guap° ]|$f \ep_p M|b S> qL$ıkpAp° R>°.
77
bl°fpidp¨ `Z kpͨ$ \ep_p ]$pMgp R>°. Apd R>[p¨ bl°fpi dpV°$_y¨ S>° L$pfZ lp°e [°
≈° L$pedu _yL$kp_ `pd°g lp°e [p° [°dp¨ h^y ky^pfp_° AhL$pi _ fl°. S>°d L°$ hpm
ka°]$ \B Nep `R>u L$pmp \hp dyÌL°$g. [° S> fu[° ]$p¨[ / ]$pY$ `X$u Nep lp°e [p° _hp
Aphhp dyÌL°$g. [° S> fu[° L$p°B`Z fp°Ndp¨ L$pedu _yL$kp_ \B Ney¨ lp°e, [p° ky^pfp°
\hp° dyÌL°$g. Apd R>[p¨ S>° Mfpbu lp°e [° ApNm h^[u AV$L$u ≈e R>°. ]$hpAp°
R|>V$u ≈e R>°. A°V$gp° ape]$p° [p° Qp°Ω$k \pe R>°. bl°fpi_p° dpfp° `p°[p_p° S> A_ych
R>°. 16-17 hjÆ_u Jdf° d_° bfl° L$p_dp¨\u M|b S> gp°lu _uL$mhp gpN°g.
M|b S> BfiS>°L$i_p° - ]$hpAp° gu^u. L$p°B S> ape]$p° _ \ep°, Apeyh£q]$L$ D`Qpfp°
L$epÆ. L$p°B S> ape]$p° _lv. l•]$fpbp]$ `Z kpfhpf gu^u. L$p°B S> ape]$p° _lv. DgV$p_y¨
fku bfl° L$p_dp¨\u L$pedu h¸p L$fhp gp¡ep A_° bl°fpi D—fp°—f h^hp gpNu.
A°L$ L$p__y¨ Ap°`f°i_ `Z L$fpÏey¨. kpͨ$ \pe [p° bu≈ L$p_° Ap°`f°i_ L$fphhp_y¨
rhQpf°g. `f¨[y Ap°`f°i_\u kpͨ$ _ \[p¨ bu≈ L$p__y¨ Ap°`f°i_ _ L$fpÏey¨. L$p__u
[L$gua_° gu^° hpf¨hpf dp\y¨ ]y$:M[y¨, lfl¨d°i b°Q°_u, Apmk, Nyıkp° f¸p L$f[p.
ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ A`_phhp\u Ap [dpd [L$guap° ]|$f \B NB. bl°fpi ApNm
h^[u AV$L$u NB. ky^pfp° `Z \ep°. Apd R>[p¨ kpdpfie sı\r[ Aphu iL$u _\u. [°
`Z [°V$gu S> lL$uL$[ R>°. S>° sı\r[ lpg R>° [° `Z dpf° dpV°$ k¨[p°jS>_L$ R>°. [°dp¨
`Z lSy> ky^pfp_° AhL$pi R>°. kp^_pdp¨ \p°Xy¨$ h^y JXy¨$ D[fhy¨ `X°$ S>° dpV°$ dpfu
[•epfu `Z R>°, `f¨[y kNp-kb¨^uAp°-kdpS> kdS>[p _\u A_° Ap°m¨Nu _ iL$pe
[°V$gp° Ahfp°^ _pM° R>°. `p°[p_p¨ S> `f°ip_ L$f° R>°. lfu B√R>p dp_u d_ d_phu gJ
Ry>¨.C,F;G4 ;JpØUF;G TYF lXQFF";G YL DG[ SFGGL SFIDL TS,LO YI[, K[P
i¨L$p : 55
`°fpgukukdp¨ ky^pfp° \pe ?
kdp^p_ :
lp. ky^pfp \ep_p ]$pMgp R>°. bpm gL$hp_p qL$ıkp ApÏep _\u, S>°\u
[°_p° øepg _\u. gL$hp rhfp°^u fku Ap`hp R>[p¨ `Z bpm gL$hp \[p° lp°e R>°.
lL$uL$[° ≈° bpmL$_° gL$hp_u k¨cph_pdp¨\u dyº[ L$fhy¨ lp°e [p° [°_p dp-bp`° eyhp_
hedp¨ S> ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[ A`_phu g°hu ≈°BA°. S>°\u `p°[p_° `Z ape]$p° \i°
A_° bpmL$ `Z [¨]y$fı[ S>fidi°. `R>u [°_° gL$hp rhfp°^u fku, L°$ V$u`p `php_p L°$
ri[mp rhfp°^u fku L°$ [°hu L$p°B `Z buΔ ]$hpAp° Ap`hu _lv `X°$. bp]$ bpm
DR>°fdp¨ `Z L$pmΔ fpMhp\u Δ¨]$Nucf L$p°B`Z fp°N_p° cp°N _lv b_°. bpm DR>°fdp¨
h^y fk ^fph_pf° g°ML$_y≠ Afie kprl“e hp¨Qhp cgpdZ R>°.
78
[p° ¬ep_ gpN°. Ap\u `l°gu AphÌeL$[p R>° ifuf_° _ufp°Nu b_phhp_u. ifuf r_fp°Nu
b_° R>° _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p\u. _ufp°Nu bfiep bp]$ ¬ep_ gpN°. bp]$ ¬ep__u Akf hf[pe.
lh° ifuf_p k|ˇd / R|>`p fp°Np° `Z lV°$ A_° d_-byqŸ-rQ—_p¨ fp°Np° `Z r_d|Æm \hp
gpN°. Apd, ¬ep_\u fp°N _ ≈e `Z fp°N_p S>hp\u ¬ep_ \pe.
i≠Lp : 60
‚pZpepd\u fp°N dV°$ ?
kdp^p_ :
lp. ‚pZpepd\u fp°Ndp¨ fpl[ S>Í$f h[pÆi°. `Z k¨`|ZÆ`Z° L$pedu ]|$f \hp_u
k¨cph_p Ap°R>u R>°. d¢ M|b S> L$kf[p°, ep°Npk_ A_° ‚pZpepd `Z L$epÆ R>°.
Δ¨]$Nucf ‚pZpepd L$fhphpmp_° `Z Ap°`f°i_p° L$fphhp `X$ep R>° A_° _p_p dp°V$p
fp°Np°\u O°fpe°gp A_° ]$hp_p° klpfp° g°[p d¢ ≈°ep R>°. fp°N _pby]$u dpV°$ S>° ‚pZpepd_p°
klpfp° g°hpdp¨ Aph° R>° [° A°L$ ≈[_u L$kf[ S> R>°. ^dZ ^d[p lp°e [°d ≈°f≈°f\u
pkp°√R>hpk g°hp R>p°X$hp, hN°f° ku^u S> fu[° Apdp¨ kp•\u `l°gp¨ [p° isº[_p° Ïee
R>°. S>° kpfu bpb[ _ NZpe. _p•gu - _m a°fhhp - Ap¨[fX$p Oydphhp\u ıhpcprhL$
S> dm_p° r_L$pg \i° S>°_p\u fp°Ndp¨ fpl[ \i°. ApV$gu dl°_[ L$fu_° dm ]|$f L$fhp°
[°_p L$f[p A°r_dp (kp]$p `pZu_p°) gB gp°. dm Ap`p°Ap` kpa \B S>i°. S>°
‚dpZdp¨ A°L$]$d kfm fu[ R>°.
‚pZpepd_u L$kf[p°\u dm ]|$f L$fhp° A_° cp°S>_dp¨ `qfh[Æ_ _ L$fu_° dm
ifufdp¨ _pM[p S> fl°hp° A° Ïe\Æ `qfÓd _lv [p° buSy>¨ iy¨ R>° ?
S>° r_[p¨[ _ufp°Nu R>° A°hp lp\u-Op°X$p-c¢k-Npe-bm]$ hN°f° L$ep¨
‚pZpepd L$f° R>° ? Aphp ‚pZpepd L°$ L$kf[ [° ALy$]$f[u qæ$ep R>° S>° hpS>bu _\u.
kpQy¨ [p° A° R>° L°$ ifufdp¨ dm ]$pMg \[p° S> fp°L$p°, S>° dpV°$ r_S>Æmp D`hpk
L$fp° A_° `R>u A°hp° Aplpf gp° L°$ S>° ifuf_y¨ `p°jZ L$f° A_° kapB `Z L$f° S>° R>° fp¨¬ep
hNf_p° Mp°fpL$ "L$pQy¨ [° kpQy¨'. [°dp¨ `Z ""fk.''
S>°\u dm ]|$f L$fhp ‚pZpepd_u L$kf[p° L$fhp_u AphÌeL$[p S> _lv fl°.
Ap\u r_fp°Nu fl°hp L$p°B S> kde L°$ isº[_p° Ïee L$fu_° ‚pZpepd_u S>Í$f _lv fl°.
i≠Lp : 61
`pqLÆ$fik_ (^∞y≈fu) dV°$ Mfu ?
kdp^p_ :
A°L$ M°X|$[° D`f dyS>b_p° khpg L$ep£. d¢ [°d_° hm[p° khpg L$ep£ L°$ [d°
83
 JX$pZ`|hÆL$ rhQpf L$fuA° [p° S>°_p\u fp°Np° dV$ep [° _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p_p°
fpl Qv^_pf L$p°Z ? ıhuL$pfhp, ‚ep°N L$fhp ‚°fZp Ap`_pf L$p°Z ? A° iy¨ _pd-
≈`_p° ‚[p` _\u ? A° iy¨ l_ydp_Δ_u ‚°fZp [\p isº[ _\u ?
dpfp° blz rhipm A_ych R>° L°$ A_°L$ fp°NuAp°_° _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p_u hp[
lz¨ kd≈hy¨ Ry>¨ - L$ep fp°Nu_° `p°[p_p° fp°N ]|$f L$fhp° _ Nd° ? Apd R>[p¨ b°\u `p¨Q V$L$p
Ïesº[ S> A°hp _uL$m° R>° S>° hp[ kdS>° R>°, ıhuL$pf° R>° A_° Adg L$f° R>° A_° _ufp°Nu
b_u ≈e R>°. [p° iy¨ Ap ‚cy ‚°fZp _ L$l°hpe ? `p°[p_p S> Ofdp¨ buΔ Ïesº[
cp°S>_ `qfh[Æ_ L$fhp\u _ufp°Nu b_u Nep_p° _S>f kpd°_p° ]$pMgp° lp°hp R>[p¨ `p°[°
A`_phhp [•epf _ \pe [°_p dpV°$ iy¨ dp_hy¨ ?
Af° My]$ `p°[° S> _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p A`_phu_° k¨`|ZÆ _ufp°Nu b_u Nep bp]$
`Z afu `pR>p Sy>_u ‚\pdp¨ `V$L$pB `X°$ R>°, gkfu `X°$ R>°. Aphp `Z OZp qL$ıkpAp°
Ad° ≈°ep R>° A_° l]$ [p° –ep¨ Aphu ≈e R>° L°$ S>°Z° khÆıh_p° - k¨kpf_p° S> –epN L$fu
]$u^°g R>° [°hp kp^y-kfiepku_u `Z Ap S> lpg[ Ad° ≈°B R>°. A°L$ [p° dp¨X$ dp¨X$
]|$^-Ou A_° fp¨^°g cp°S>__y¨ hmNZ R>p°X$u iL°$ R>° S>° Mf°Mf kp^y-kfiepku dpV°$
R>p°X$hy¨ klS> lp°hy¨ ≈°BA° `Z _\u [° lL$uL$[ R>°. lh° S>epf° `qfZpdp° dm° R>° –epf°
A°V$gp ‚cprh[ \B ≈e R>° L°$ [° ≈[° S> L$l°hp gpN° R>° L°$ ]|$^-Ou A_° fp¨^°g cp°S>_
A° Ap`Zp° Aplpf S> _\u A_° lh°\u lz¨ kp• L$p°B_° [°_u kdS> `Z Ap`ui. Ap`Z_°
gpN° L°$ lh° Mf°Mf ıhpduΔ_y≠ ”uSy>¨ _°” M|gu Ney¨ R>°. `Z [° L$epf° g`kZuep dpNÆdp¨
g`ku `X°$ R>° [°_u My]$ [°_° S> Mbf fl°[u _\u. `R>u [p° DgV$p_u KX$u MpBdp¨ `X$u
≈e R>°. S>°dp¨\u blpf Aphhy¨ S> ]y$ÛL$f b_u ≈e R>°. Ap b^u _Ω$f lL$uL$[p° R>°.
""k¨kpf_p° –epN kl°gp° R>°, `Z ıhp]$_p° –epN L°$V$gp° dyÌL°$g R>°'' [° Aphp ]$pMgp\u
ı`Ù$`Z° kd≈B ≈e R>°.
i≠Lp : 59
›ep_\u fp°N ≈e ?
kdp^p_ :
fp°rNÙ$ Ïesº[_° ¬ep_ gpNu S> _ iL°$. fp°rNÙ$ Ïesº[ A°L$ Apk_° sı\f
b°ku `Z _ iL°$. b°khp_u L$p°rij L$f° [p° lp\-`Ndp¨ Mpgu QX$hp gpN°; kp¨^p L°$
L$df_p° ]y$:Mphp° \hp gpN°, JO Aphhp gpN°, d_ L$ep¨e Qp¢V°$ _lv. b°Q°_u A_°
NcfpdZ \hp gpN°. `R>u ¬ep_ gpNhp_u hp[ S> L$ep¨ flu ? A_° ¬ep_ gpN° S>
_lv [p° `R>u ¬ep_\u ≈° fp°N dV$[p `Z lp°e [p°e L$ep¨\u dV°$ ? _ufp°Nu ifuf lp°e,
82
i¨L$p : 56
r_ÏeÆk_u fl°hp\u _ufp°Nu fl°hpe ?
kdp^p_ :
_p. lfNuS> _lv.
dpfp k¨`LÆ$dp¨ OZu A°hu Ïesº[Ap° Aph°g R>° S>° bQ`Z\u S> k¨`|ZÆ`Z°
r_ÏeÆk_u lp°e A°V$gy¨ S> _lv `p°TuV$uh (lL$pfp–dL$) rhQpf^pfphpmp lp°e, k[πL$dp£
S> L$f[p lp°e, k°hpcphu lp°e R>[p¨ dlpce¨L$f Ïepr^Ap°/fp°Np°\u `uX$p[p lp°e. OZp
kp^y-k¨[p° d¢ ≈°ep R>° S>° k¨`|ZÆ`Z° r_ÏeÆk_u lp°e, dp” bpa°gy¨ L°$ r_:ıhp]$ cp°S>_
A_° [° `Z Oœ¨ Ap°Ry>¨ g°[p lp°e R>[p¨ dlpce¨L$f fp°Np°\u N∞ı[ lp°e R>°. OZp Qyı[
df≈]$u L$f[p¨ `Z L$X$L$ _ur[ r_edp° `pm[p lp°e R>[p¨ `Z ce¨L$f fp°Np°\u `uX$p[p
lp°e R>°. Ap\u ı`Ù$ R>° L°$ r_ÏeÆk_u _ufp°Nu lp°e [° k¨crh[ _\u.
lz¨ M|]$ [°_y¨ D—d D]$plfZ Ry>¨. d¢ Δ¨]$Nucf √lp QpMu `Z _\u. L$p°au,
`p_, buX$u, [dpLy$, NyV$Mp S>°hu L$p°B`Z hı[y_y¨ L$epf°e `Z k°h_ L$f°g _\u.
Δh_`eØ[ k°hpL$pep£ L$f°g R>°. lL$pfp–dL$ rhQpf^pfp A`_ph°g R>°. rh`yg [L$p° lp°hp
R>[p¨ L$epf°e gp¨Q Í$Ìh[ gu^°g _\u. R>[p¨ A_°L$ ‚L$pf_p¨ fp°Np°\u O°fpe°g fl°[p° l[p°.
Adp°A° Δh_`eØ[ M|b S> d°qX$L$g L°$Á‡k L$epÆ - A_°L$ Sy>]$p Sy>]$p fp°Np°_p¨. [°_y¨
[pfZ A° R>° L°$ [dpd° [dpd fp°Np°dp¨ Ly$g fp°NuAp°_u k¨øepdp¨ 65 \u 70% fp°NuAp°
˜uAp° A_° bpmL$p° lp°e R>° S>° Ïek_u _\u A_° S>° Ïek_u R>° [° [°V$gp budpf _\u.
X$pepbuV$uk, bu.`u., A°kuX$uV$u, ]$d, V$u.bu., L°$fikf hN°f° A_°L$ ‚L$pf_p
fp°NuAp°_y¨ rhÔg°jZ L$f[p¨ øepg Aph° R>° [°dp¨_p OZp k¨`|ZÆ`Z° r_ÏeÆk_u lp°hp
R>[p¨ [°hp fp°Np°\u N∞ı[ R>°. [°_p\u DgVy¨$ A_°L$ Sy>]$p Sy>]$p ‚L$pf_p Ïek_uAp°_y¨
rhÔg°jZ L$fhpdp¨ Aph° [p° ≈°hp dm° R>° L°$ r_ÏeÆk_uAp°_u S>°hu N¨cuf rbdpfu
[°d_° _\u `Z lp°[u.
Alv ı`Ù$`Z° kdΔ g°hp_u S>Í$f R>° L°$ Ïek_ A_° fp°N_° L$p°B ku^p° k¨b¨^
_\u. Ap A°L$ dp°V$u c∞dZp R>°. S>°_p gu^° OZp gp°L$p° kp^y-k¨[p° [°dS> kdpS>k°hL$p°
Ïek_dysº[ `f M|b S> cpf d|L°$ R>°. ≈°hp_u M|bu [p° A° `Z lp°e R>° L°$ Aphu
Ïesº[Ap° My]$ r_ÏeÆk_u lp°hp R>[p¨ dlp ce¨L$f fp°Np°\u `uX$p[u lp°e R>°.
Alv Ïek__u L$p°B S> [fa°Z _\u. Ïek_ A° kpfu hı[y R>° S> _lv. S>°
L$p°B Ïek_ R|>V°$ [° kpͨ$ S> R>°. `Z [°_p\u r_fp°Nu \hpi° [°d dp_hy¨ [° dp°V$pdp¨
dp°V$u c|g R>°.
79
 Ïek_ bpb[°_p øepgp° A° op_p¨^[p A_° ^dpØ^[p bfl° R>° A_° [° bfl°
A°V$g° L°$ op_uAp° A_° ^rdÆAp° A° k–e kdS>[p S> _\u L°$ Mf°Mf Ïek_ L$ey¨ R>° ?
"cp°S>_' A° S> dp°V$pdp¨ dp°Vy¨$ dlpce¨L$f _yL$kp_L$pfu Ïek_ R>° A_° Ïek_
dysº[_y¨ Ap¨]$p°g_ Qgph_pf dp°V$p cpN° Ap A\Ædp¨ dlpÏek_u lp°e R>° A_° [° S>
fp°N_y¨ L$pfZ R>°.
rhi°j ≈ZL$pfu l°[y g°ML$_y≠ Afie kprl“e hp¨Qhp kgpl R>°.
i¨L$p : 57
[pkuf b]$gu iL°$ Mfu ?
kdp^p_ :
dpfu `–_u ``•ey¨ MpB iL$[u _ l[u. dp” _p_p° A°hp° A°L$ V|$L$X$p°
``•ep_p° Mpe [p° Ak¸ ]y$:Mphp° `°V$dp¨ \[p°. A°hu hvV$ Aph° L°$ kl_ _ \pe.
[faX$uep dpf° A_° Qp°^pf Ap¨kyA° fX°$. dpfp A¨N[ rd” A°hp A°L$ X$pμL$V$f A°d. A°k.
(S>_fg kS>Æ_)_° hp[ L$fu [p° [°dZ° L$¸y¨ L°$ [°d_u [pkuf A°hu R>°. dpfu `Z A° S>
lpg[ R>° A_° [°_p° L$p°B S> BgpS> L°$ D`pe _\u. ``•ey¨ _ Mphy¨ [° S> BgpS> L$pfZ L°$
[pkuf b]$gu iL°$ _lv.
ApNm S>[p¨ dpfu `–_u_° A°kuX$uV$u M|b S> \B NB. L$p°B ]$hp\u fpl[ S>
_ \pe A_° L¨$B `Z MpB _ iL°$ [°hu lpg[ \B NB. [°dp¨ `Z MV$pihpmu L$p°B`Z
hı[y _ MpB iL°$. Ap¨bgu, V$d°V$p L°$ gvby [p° _ MpB iL°$ `f¨[y `pL$p L°$mp `Z _ MpB
iL°$. h•¤p° A°d L$l°[p L°$ L°$mpdp¨ R|>`u MV$pi lp°e R>°. S>°\u [° [°d_u [pkuf_° A_yL|$m
_\u [°\u L°$mp `Z _ Mphp A_° buΔ L$p°B MV$pi _ Mphu.
ep°¡e Aplpf `Ÿr[\u lh° [° ``•ey¨ S>°V$gy¨ Mphy¨ lp°e [°V$gy¨ MpB iL°$ R>°.
‚ep°N Mp[f A°L$ _hfp”u - _h q]$hk - Adp°A° dp” ``•ey¨ MpB_° L$f°g. L$p°B S>
[L$gua \[u _\u. hjp£ \B Nep. [° S> fu[° Ap¨bgu krl[ [dpd MV$pi cf`|f
dp”pdp¨ MpB iL°$ R>°. A°kuX$uV$u `Z Npeb \B NB R>°. kdpS> A°d dp_° R>° L°$ [pkuf
b]$g° _lv. [p° Ap `yfphp° R>°.
A°L$ _lv A_°L$ `yfphp R>°. dpfp dp°V$p cpB (D.h. 77)_° dfZ[p°g ˘]$e_p°
lzdgp° Aphu Nep°. lp°ı`uV$gdp¨\u O°f gph[p_u kp\° S> [dpd ]$hpAp° b¨^ L$fphu
_hu cp°S>_ ‚\p `f gphu ]$u^p. ApS>° b°-b° hjÆ \B Nep. b^y¨ S> dl°_[_y¨ L$pd L$f°
R>°. k¨`|ZÆ ıhı\ R>°. [°dZ° kpd°\u d_° S>ZpÏey¨ L°$ dpfu [pkuf S> ky^fu NB R>°.
lz¨ MV$pi bugLy$g MpB iL$[p° _lv S>° lh° B√R>p `X°$ [°V$gu MpB iLy¨$ Ry>¨.
80
dpfp b°_ (D.h. 75) S>°dZ° ldZp¨ ]$p°Y$ drl_p\u S> cp°S>_ ‚\pdp¨
`qfh[Æ_ L$f°g R>°. [°d_p° `Z A_ych R>° L°$ [°d_u [pkuf b]$gpB NB R>°. [°Ap°
ky^pf°g L°$fu MpB iL$[p _lv. `°V$dp¨ bm[y¨ S> °lh° [L$gua S>[u flu R>°.
Adpfp A°L$ Ap°mMu[p b°_ - k¨Nu[pb°_ hpl_dp¨ dykpafu S> _ L$fu iL°$.
QΩ$f Aph°, DgV$u \pe, b°Q°_u gpN°, Δh Ncfpe. Mpgu `°V°$ S> dykpafu L$f° A_°
]$hp AQ|L$ g°hu `X°$. b^p rQqL$–kL$p° L$l°[p L°$ [dpfu [pkuf S> A°hu R>° S>°\u [°_p°
L$p°B BgpS> _\u. [°d_° Aplpf `Ÿr[dp¨ a°fapf L$fhp\u Ap`p°Ap` S> Aphu [L$guap°
]|$f \B NB. lh° L$p°B S> ]$hp g°hu `X$[u _\u [°V$gy¨ S> _lv `Z S>Áep bp]$ `Z
kyMQ°_\u dykpafu L$f° R>°. [pkuf b]$gpB NB.
lz¨ k|¨W$ L°$ Ap]y$ Mph [p° QpdX$u `f Qp¨cp \B M|b S> M¨S>hpm Aph[u,
L$p°B`Z b° MV$pi A°L$u kp\° MhpB ≈e [p° dp\y¨ ]y$M[y¨ A_° L$p_dp¨\u fku _uL$mhp
gpN[p. lh° L$iy¨ S> \[y¨ _\u. [pkuf b]$gpB NB.
i¨L$p : 58
_pd ≈`\u fp°N dV°$ Mfp° ?
kdp^p_ :
‚ep°N L$fu Sy>Ap°. A_°L$ L$\pL$pfp° _pd ≈` `f M|b S> cpf d|L°$ R>°. _pd
≈`\u r”[p` ]|$f \pe R>°. d[gb L°$ fp°Np° ]|$f \hp [p° dpdygu bpb[ NZpe.
"_pk° fp°N lf° kb `ufp, S>`[ r_f¨[f l_yd¨[ hufp' l_ydp_ Qpgukpdp¨
`Z Ap S> hp[ L$l°g R>°. lz¨ [p° klS>`Z° S> bpm`Z\u dp[p [fa\u dm°g k¨ıL$pfp°_°
gu^° [°dS> Np¨^uΔ fpd_pd_p° M|b S> drldp kdS>[p l[p [° fu[° `Z fpd_pd
≈` [°dS> l_ydp_ Qpgukp_p ≈` M|b S> L$f[p° A_° R>[p¨ bQ`Z\u S> M|b S>
rbdpf l[p°. A°L$ `Z fp°N dV$Èp° _lv°. T[DH ALHFGF\ SM.GF 56dV$Èp CMI T[J]\
HF6DF\ GYLP Ap\u lz¨ ip˜p°_° L$`p°m L$sÎ`[ L$rh[pAp° dp_hp dp¨X°$g. hmu,
byqŸ`|hÆL$_y¨ rhÔg°jZ L$fhp\u `Z A°hy¨ S>Zp[y¨ L°$ _pd-≈` S> S>°d_y¨ Δh_ R>°
[°hp kp^y-k¨[p° dlpce¨L$f fp°Np°\u `uX$p[p l[p, cNhp__p d¨q]$f - dsıS>]$ -
Nyfy‹pfp - QQÆ - [dpd_p `|≈fuAp° `Z dlpce¨L$f fp°Np°\u `uX$p[p l[p. l_ydp_Δ
d¨q]$f_p `|≈fuAp° A_° l_ydp_ cL$[p° `Z fp°Np°\u `uX$p[p l[p. S>°dp¨ lz¨ `Z kpd°g
l[p°. S>°hu _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p A`_phu L°$ [yf[ S> fp°Np° Npeb. dpfp [p° W$uL$ S>° S>°
gp°L$p°A° [° A`_phu [° kp•_p fp°Np° Npeb \B Nep. Ap fu[° ≈°BA° [p° _pd ≈`\u
fp°N dV°$ _lv [°hy¨ ı`Ù$ [pfZ _uL$m° A_° _hu cp°S>_ ‚\p A`_phhp\u fp°N dV$u
≈e R>° [°hy¨ L$lu iL$pe. D5f D`f\u Aphy¨ S>Zpe R>°.
81
 zNWF VG[ lJ`JF; ;FY[GF V[8,[ S[ ¹-TF4 lG0ZTF VG[ ;tIGL
;DH ;FY[GF\ 5|ItGM ;O/TF V5FJX[ HP VFD KTF\ lGQO/TF D/[4 TM
VFtD VJ,MSG SZMP TDFZL E}, TDFZ[ H XMWJFGL K[ VG[ TDFZ[ H
;]WFZJFGL K[P AC] AC] TM ALÔ SM. VF5G[ DFU"NX"G VF5L XS[P AFSL TM
SC[JFT K[ H S[ ov
—— VF5 D}VF lJGF :JU[" G HJFIP ˜˜ H[DG[ ;tI ;DÔ. UI]\ K[
T[VM T[ ;tI ;F{ SM. ;DH[ T[JF 5|IF; DF\ lN,YL ,FUL ÔI K[P DLZFAF.4
GZl;\C DC[TF4 DCFJLZ EUJFG4 A]NW EUJFG JU[Z[ V;\bI NFB,FVM
,. ,MP T[D6[ HUTG[ V[ H AMW VF%IM K[ S[ ;tI ;DÔ[ ¦
56 ;DHJFJF/F S[8,F m
;]lQ8GM lGID T5F;LX]\ TM 56 bIF, VFJX[ S[ ov
s!f H[8,]\ JJFI K[4 T[8,]\ pUT]\ GYLP
sZf H[8,]\ BJFI K[P T[8,]\ 5RT]\ GYLP
s#f 5|HGGT\+GL 5|lÊIFDF\ H[8,F X]ÊF6]VM K}8[ K[ T[8,F AWF H
Ol,T YTF GYLP
,F{lSS NFB,FVM 56 VF56[ VFU/ Ô[IFP lJWFYL"4 W\WFYL"4 EST S[
NNL"VM ;F{GF\ lS:;FDF\ VF ;tI ,FU] 50[ K[P
VF56[ Ô[. XSLV[ KLV[ S[ ov
NZ[S lS:;FDF\ ;O/TF B}A H VMKL VG[ lGQO/TFG]\ 5|DF6 36]\
lJX[QF ZC[ K[P
VFYL V[ l;NW YFI K[ S[ ov
;M 8SF ;O/TFGM bIF, H BM8M K[P V;O/TF q lGQO/TF H
D]bI K[P
VFD[I4 l;\CMGF 8M/F G CMI4 3[\8Fv ASZFGF\ H CMIP H[8,F ALH
JJFI CMI T[DF\ ;JFÅU ;\5}6" :J:Y CMI4 T[8,F H pU[P H[8,F AMNF CMI4
T[8,F GLS/L HJFGF\P B[0}T H[8,F ALH pUL GLS/[ K[4 T[GL ;FZ;\EF/
ZFB[ K[4 H[ lGQO/ UIF T[GL 5FK/ 5MTFGL DC[GT J[0OTM GYLP SFZ6 S[
T[ ;FZL ZLT[ Ô6[ K[ S[ H[ GYL puIF T[ ALH AMNF K[ H[GL 5FK/ UD[ T[8,L
DC[GT SZLX]\ KTF\ 56 pUJFGF\ H GYLP
VFYL H[ SM. VFJF 5|ItGMDF\ ,FU[,F K[4 T[D6[ 5|S'lTGM p5ZMST
XF`JT lGID NIFGDF\ ZFBLG[ lGQO/ UI[,FVMGL 5FK/ ,FU[,
S-4
128
k°hp-kyrdf_'_p DgV$p S>Zp[p rkŸp¨[p°_p ‚ep°Np° dp_huA° L$fhp ≈°BA° A_°
[°_p `qfZpdp° S> b[phu Ap`i° L°$ kpQy¨ iy¨ R>° ? "[`-k°hp-kyrdf_'_p kp^L$p° Ap
k–e ≈Zu Nep R>°.
i¨L$p : 74
kp^y - k¨[p° - rhfL$[p° - rQqL$–kL$p° rbdpf L°$d R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
rbdpfu / fp°N [° ifuf_p° NyZ^dÆ R>°. r_dÆm ifuf S> _ufp°Nu flu iL°$.
r_dÆm ifuf –epf° S> fl° S>epf° bu_S>Í$fu L°$ h^pf° dp”pdp¨ S>[p° dm fp°L$hpdp¨ Aph°
A_° S>° L¨$B dm ifufdp¨ A°L$” \pe [°_° kdekf [–L$pg r_L$pg L$fhpdp¨ Aph°.
ifufdp¨ dm A°L$” \hp dpV°$_p° A°L$dp” dyøe fı[p° R>° "dp¢' hpV°$ S>° Mp°fpL$ ifufdp¨
Aph° R>°°. ifuf_° S>Í$fu `p°jL$ ÷Ïep°_y¨ ip°jZ \pe R>° A_° [°dp¨\u lpX$-dp¨k-fL$[
hN°f° b_° R>°. A\hp [p° [°_p° Okpfp° `|fpe R>°. S>epf° bpL$u bQ° R>° [° R>° "L$Qfp° -
dm' A_° [° dm_° blpf L$pY$hp_u Ly$]$f[° Ïehı\p L$f°g S> R>°. Mp°fpL$ g°hp dpV°$
cNhp_° A°L$ S> fı[p° "dp¢' Ap`°g R>° A_° [° `Z dp” Mp°fpL$ g°hp_p L$pd dpV°$ S>
_\u. L$Qfp° L$pY$hp dpV°$ `Z [° S> fı[p_p° D`ep°N \pe R>°. DÎV$u L$fu_° L$Qfp° [°
fı[°\u S> L$Y$pe R>°. Apd ≈°BA° [p° Mp°fpL$ g°hp dpV°$_p° fı[p° A°L$ _lv `Z AX$^p°
S> R>°. S>epf° Mp°fpL$dp¨\u bQ[p° L$Qfp° / dm L$pY$hp dpV°$_p¨ Ak¨øe fı[pAp° R>°.
S>°d L°$ TpX$p°, `°ipb, `ku_p dpV°$_p¨ Ak¨øe rR>÷p°, hN°f° Apd Mp°fpL$ g°hp_y¨ S>°
dl–h R>° [°_p L$f[p A_°L$Nœ¨ dl–h cNhp_° dm blpf L$pY$hp_u L$pdNufu_° Ap`°g
R>°. A°d `Z L$lu iL$pe L°$ Mp°fpL$ g°hp° kl°gp° R>°. S>° dpV°$ AX$^y¨ ‹pf `|f[y¨ R>°. S>epf°
[°dp¨\u bQ[p° dm L$pY$hp° A°V$gp° L$W$u_ R>° L°$ [° dpV°$ A_°L$ fı[pAp° fpMhp_u S>Í$fuep[
fl° R>°. [°_p° A\Æ A°hp° `Z \pe L°$ Mp°fpL$dp¨ `p°jL$ ÷Ïep°_y¨ S>° ‚dpZ R>° [°_u kpd°
dm_y¨ ‚dpZ M|b S> dp°V$p ‚dpZdp¨ R>°. Ap\u \p°X$p° h^y Mp°fpL$ g°hpdp¨ Aph° [p° [°
dp°V$p cpN° dm S> g°hpe R>°. ifuf_° S>Í$fu _\u R>[p¨ g°hp[p° Mp°fpL$ [° [dpd dm S>
R>° S>° `pQ_[¨” A_° r_ÛL$pk_ [¨” dpV°$ h^pfp_y¨ cpfZ R>°. S>°\u ep°¡e r_L$pg _ \B
iL$hp_p `qfZpd° dm ifufdp¨ S> S>dp \ep L$f° R>°. `qfZpd° [° kX°$ R>° A_° fp°N_y¨
Í$` ^pfZ L$f° R>°. Ap hp[ ‚h[Ædp_ kdedp¨ kp^y-k¨[-rhfL$[ L°$ rQqL$–kL$_p
øepgdp¨ _\u A_° kp• L$ p ° B Mp° f pL$ d p¨ isº[ dp_u_° L$ k de° S>Í$ f L$ f [p¨
h^y ApN∞lhi L°$ ıhp]$hi Mp°fpL$ Mpe R>°. `qfZpd° dm A°L$r”[ \pe R>° A_°
97
ifufdp¨ rbdpfu Aph° R>°. ifuf `Z A°L$ e¨” R>°. [°_° [°_p r_edp° R>°. [° ≈Zhp X\SF o )5
≈°BA° A_° [° dyS>b `pg_ L$fhy¨ ≈°BA° [p° S> [° e¨” `pk°\u ep°¡e L$pd gB iL$pe. VF ;FWGF SZJFYL ALÔ ,MSMG[ H[8,L ;O/TF D/[ K[4 DG[
OZu hM[ A°hy¨ L$l°hpe R>° L°$ dlp_ `yfyjp° bu≈_p fp°Np° `p°[p_pifufdp¨ T[8,L S[D GYL D/TL m
gB g° R>°. Ap A°L$ dlp_ `yfyjp° L°$ kp^y k¨[p° ‚–e°_p Ap]$fcph A_° kfidp_ R>° [° ;DFWFG ov
kpfu hp[ R>°. L$p°BL$ rkŸ rhfg `yfyjp° A°hp lp°B iL°$ L°$ bu≈_p¨ fp°Np° lfu g°, ]y$:Mp° SM.56 1F[+[ ;O/TFGM VFWFZ zNWF VG[ lJ`JF; 5Z ZC[,M K[P
lfu g°. h¨]$_ R>° [°hu rhc|r[Ap°_°. `Z Aphu dpfie[p\u byqŸ_° Ly¨$W$u[ L$fu byqŸ_p¨ YM0F NFB,F Ô[.V[P
bpfZp b¨^ L$fu ]°$hp [° X$lp`Z _\u. dyMpÆdu R>°. L$p°B k¨[ dlp–dp L$p°B_y¨ ]$pÍ$_y¨ (L°$ V[S H lX1FS 5F;[ E6TF NZ[S lJWFYL"GL ;O/TF V,UvV,U
Afie) Ïek_ R>p°X$ph° [p° `p°[° L¨$B ]$pÍ$ `u[p \B S>[p _\u, [°d L$p°B_p fp°N lV$ph° [p° CMI K[P
`p°[° fp°rNÙ$ \B S>hy¨ [° [pqLÆ$L$ hp[ _\u. [° S> kp^y - k¨[ - dlp–dp ≈° ]°$l_p¨ V[S H W\WM SZTF W\WFYL"GL ;O/TF V,UvV,U CMI K[P 5{;M ;F{G[
D`fp°L$[ r_edp° ≈Zu_° [°_p° ‚ep°N L$f° [p° [° `Z r_fp°Nu b_u S>i° [° r_rhÆhp]$ SDFJM K[4 56 AWF H V[S;ZBM 5{;M SDF. XSTF GYLP
h•opr_L$ k–e R>°. ElST AWF H SZ[ K[4 EUJFG ;F{G[ D/TF GYLP
i¨L$p : 75 V[S;ZBF lS:;FDF\ 0F¶S8Z V[S;ZBL NJF VF5[ K[4 KTF\ NNL"VM p5Z
fpkperZL$ Mp[fp° [\p S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hpAp°\u b_°g cpΔ-`p_-kgpX$ L$pQ° T[GL V;Z H]NL H]NL YFI K[P
L$pQp Mphp šMdu _\u ? ;O/TF ;F{ SM. h\B[ K[P KTF\ V[S;ZBL ;O/TF G D/JF 5FK/G]\
kdp^p_ : SFZ6 :5Q8 K[ S[ ;O/TF DF8[ H~ZL V[J\] —S\.S˜ B}8[ K[P V[ —S\.S˜ 5MTF DF8[
]°$iu Mp[f A_° S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hpAp°_p D`ep°N hNf_u Mp¤ kpdN∞u g°hpe X]\ K[ T[ XMWLG[ T[GL 5}lT" SZJL Ô[.V[ T[ BM8 N}Z SZJL Ô[.V[ TM ;O/
[p° [° S>Í$f kpfu R>°. `f¨[y [° kygc S> _\u [p° iy¨ L$fhy¨ ? Adpfp A°L$ kdpS> ky^pfL$ TF v D/[ H T[DF\ X\SFG[ :YFG GYLP
k¨b¨^u L$l° R>° L°$ Ap`Z° S>_ ≈NfZ Arcep_ Qgphhy¨ ≈°BA°. bu≈ `Z L$l° R>° L°$ p5ZMST TDFD NFB,FVMYL V[8,]\ TFZJL XSFI S[ ov
cpΔ-`p_-kgpX$_° bpau_° Mphp ≈°BA°. [p° L$p°B L$l° R>° L°$ DL$m[p `pZudp¨ ^p°B- s!f SM.56 l;:8DDF\ ;O/TF VG[ lGQO/TF AþF[ K[P
kpa L$fu_° hp`fhp ≈°BA°. sZf ;O/TF V[G[ D/[ K[ o
ANpD S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hpAp° h`fp[u _ l[u A_° ]°$iu Mp[f S> h`fp[y¨ l[y¨. H[ zNWF VG[ lJ`JF;YL 5|IF; SZ[ K[P zNWF VG[ lJ`JF;GF\ SFZ6[
`f¨[y hı[u h^pfp_° `lp¢Qu hmhp Mp¤ kpdN∞u_y¨ D–`p]$_ h^pfhp_u S>Í$f `X$[p¨ T[GFDF\ VFJF U]6M HgD[ K[P
fpkperZL$ Mp[fp° A_° S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hpAp° ip°^pep. [°\u [° kde_u dp¨N R>° S>°_° !P ¹-TF v VFtDlJ•F;
_pby]$ L$fhu iL$e _\u. DL$pm°g `pZudp¨ ^p°hp\u [°dS> bpau _pMhp\u `Z S>° ZP :JLS'lTGM :JEFJ v CSFZFtDS J,6P
Mp[f [\p ]$hp_u Akf [°_p AœA° Aœdp¨ ‚kfu NB R>° [° _pby]$ \hp_u _\u. #P WLZH
DgV$p_y¨ S>° Ly$]$f[u k–hp°, [–hp° S>° Ap`Zp ifuf dpV°$ S>Í$fu R>° [° _pi `pdi°, $P lC\DT v lG0ZTF
Apd°e Ly$]$f[ L$p°B`Z `qfsı\r[_p° dyL$pbgp° L$fhp_u nd[p [dpd Δh_° Ap`° R>°. 5P VFtD lGlZ1F6 v :JNX"G v :JNMQF NX"G
S>° Δhp[_° dpfhp dpV°$ Ap`Z° S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hpAp° hp`fuA° R>uA° [°_u ‚r[L$pfL$ &P ;tIGL BMHP
isº[ Ap`p°Ap` S> A°V$gu ‚bm b_u ≈e R>° L°$ [°hu ]$hpAp° S>¨[yAp° `f L$p°B S> VFYL H[ SM.G[ ;FWGF\DF\ ;O/TF G D/TL CMI T[GF DF8[ H~ZL
K[ S[ ov
98 127
:JFEFlJS H VF56[ DFGJF 5|[ZF.V[ S[ DF\;FCFZ z[Q9 VFCFZ K[ VG[
V[8,[ H TM T[G[ N]lGIFDF\ AC]DlTV[ :JLSFZ[, K[P — VþF V[J]\ DG˜
;FDF 51F[ Ô[.V[ TM XFSFCFZLVMG]\ IMUNFG J{7FlGS XMWBM/MDF\
GCLJTŸ K[ T[ 56 CSLST K[P H[YL VF56[ DFGJF 5|[ZF.V[ S[ XFSFCFZ lGdG
S1FFGM BMZFS K[P
VF DFgITFGL RMS;F. SZJL ZCLP
VF\S0FSLI ZLT[ Ô[.V[ TM )(@ ,MSM DF\;FCFZL K[P DF+ Z@ ,MSM H
XFSFCFZL K[P H[YL XMWBM/DF\ T[GM ;5|DF6 OF/M CMI T[ 56 :JFEFlJS
K[P TDFD XMWMDF\ Z@ XMWBM/ TM V[JL CX[ H H[ XFSFCFZLVMV[ SZL CMIP
SNFR Z@YL JW] 56 CMIP VFYL p5ZMST DFgITF IMuI 9ZTL GYLP
ALÒ ZLT[ Ô[.V[ TM v
XMWBM/ IMuI K[ S[ VIMuI K[ T[ 56 Ô[J]\ Zæ]\P H[D — U\W˜ v ;]U\W
K[ S[ — N]UÅW˜P —SFI"˜ ;tSFI" K[ S[ N]QSFI" s N]QS'tI f JU[Z[P
:JFEFlJS H VFtDFG[ 5ZDFtDF TZO4 ÒJG[ lXJ TZO4 5FDZ
DFGJG[ 5|E] TZO 5|IF6 SZFJ[ T[JL XMWBM/M IMuI SC[JFIP T[JL UlTG[
5|UlT SC[JFIP T[GFYL p,8]\ H[ XMWBM/ 5MTFGF ,1FYL N}Z ,. ÔI T[
VIMuI XMWBM/ K[ VYJF TM VWMUlT SFZS K[P
DF\;FCFZL J{7FlGSMV[ SZ[,L XMWBM/MYL EF{lTS ;FWGMDF\ B}A H
JWFZM YIMP 5Z\T] DFGJLGL D]bI H~lZIFT DFGJLG]\ ,1F 5|E] 5|Flº G YTF\
T[GFYL N}Z UIFP ;]B4 XF\lT C6F. UIFP 5|E] 5|FlºGM TM lJRFZ H DFIM" UIMP
VFJF ;\XMWGMYL 5|UlT GCÄ 56 VWMUlT H K[P V[8,[ VFJF J{7FlGSM
S]DlT q N]A]"låJF/F K[P XFSFCFZLVMV[ Ô[ VFJL XMWBM/ GYL SZL TM T[
D\NA]lå K[P H[ N]A]"låJF/F SZTF\ TM ;FZF H K[4 H[6[ ;DFHG[ VMK]\ G]SXFG
5CM\RF0I]\ K[P SFZ6 :5Q8 K[ — VþF T[J]\ DG˜P DF\;FCFZ VIMuI CM.G[
VIMuI lJRFZ VFJ[ VG[ VIMuI XMWBM/ YFI4 T[ ;DÒ XSFI T[D K[P 5Z\T]
XFSFCFZ Ô[ IMuI VFCFZ CMI4 TM T[VM D\NDlT S[D m SFZ6 S[ T[D6[
XFSFCFZG[ N]lQFT SZLG[ BFWM K[P VFU 5Z R0FJLG[ D'T AGFJLG[ BFWM K[P
CJ[ Ô[.V[ H[D6[ X]â :J~5[ XFSFCFZ SZ[, K[ T[JF klQFD]lGVMV[
H[ XMWBM/M SZL K[ T[ VFtDFG]\ S<IF6 SZGFZ K[P H[YL HUTG]\ S<IF6 YFI
K[P VF ;FRL XMWBM/ K[4 VF ;FRF VFCFZG]\ 5lZ6FD K[P
VFYL DF\;FCFZ z[Q9 GCÄ 56 SlGQ9 VFCFZ K[P
126
‚cph `pX$u iL$[u _\u. [° Ap`Zp° A_ych R>°. Ap`Zp dpV°$ `Z [°hy¨ S> R>°. Ap`Zu
`Z ‚r[L$pfL$ isº[ rh_p ‚epk° Ap`p°Ap` Ly$]$f[ S> h^pfu Ap`° R>° S>°\u S>¨[y_piL$
]$hpAp° L°$ fpkperZL$ Mp[f_u rh`fu[ Akf Ap`Z_° \[u _\u. dpV°$ Aphu i¨L$p
Ly$i¨L$p L$epÆ hNf Ly$]$f[° S>epf° S>° L¨$B Ap‡ey¨ R>° –epf° [°_p° [° S> ıhÍ$`° D`cp°N L$fhp° [°
X$lp`Z_y¨ L$pd \i°. hmu Adpfp° hui - hui hjÆ_p° A_ych `Z A°hp° S> R>°. [°V$gy¨
S> _lv `Z A_°L$ kp^L$p°_p° `Z A°hp° S> A_ych R>°. dpV°$ Ncfphp_u S>Í$f _\u.
S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hpAp°hpmp cpΔ`p_ S>°V$gp ≈°Mdu R>° [°_p\u A_°L$NZp ≈°Mdu ]°$iu
Mp[f A_° S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hpfrl[ A_pS> - L$W$p°m fp¨^u_° Mphp A° R>°.
i¨L$p : 76
r”k|”u kp^_p\u dp°n ‚pr· \pe Mfu ?
kdp^p_ :
lp ! r”k|”u kp^_p\u dp°n ‚pr· [p° klS> R>°. `f¨[y [°_p\u `Z D`f_u
L$np ‚cy ‚pr· `Z \B iL°$ R>°.
`©’hu `f_u kdN∞ dp_h≈[ dp°n ‚pr· dpV°$ l≈fp° hjp£\u d\° R>°. `f¨[y
L$p°B_° dp°n d˛ep° lp°e [°hy¨ ≈Zhp d˛ey¨ _\u. kpdpfie fu[° depÆ `R>u_p dp°n_u
hp[p° \[u lp°e R>° A_° depÆ `R>u L$p°B_° dp°n d˛ep° L°$ L°$d [° L$p°B `pRy>¨ Aphu_°
Ap`Z_° L$l°[y¨ _\u. Ap\u Ap_u L$p°B kprbr[ _\u. S>°\u dp” d__u dpfie[pdp¨
fpQhp_y¨ fl° R>°.
dp°n_p° A\Æ R>° dysº[.
Ap kp^_pdp¨ ApNm h^_pf_p° kp• L$p°B_p° A_ych R>° L°$ [° kp•_° [–L$pg
fp°Np°dp¨\u dysº[ dm° R>°. `qfZpd° ]$hpAp°_p Ly¨$X$pmpdp¨\u dysº[ dm° R>°. _pZp¨L$ue
MQÆdp¨\u dysº[ dm° R>°. g°bp°f°V$fu A_° ]$hpMp_pAp°_u T¨TV$dp¨\u dysº[ dm° R>°.
buSy>¨ - Aisº[\u b¨^pe°g `p°[° lh° isº[ A_ych° R>° / ıa}r[Æ A_ych°
R>°. ≈Z° L°$ lhpdp¨ DX$u f¸p lp°e [°hu lmhpi A_ych° R>°, [pS>Nu A_ych° R>°.
Apd, [° Aisº[_p b¨^_dp¨\u dysº[_p° Al°kpk L$f° R>°.
kp^_pdp¨ h^y ApNm h^[p¨ lh° [° dp_rkL$ [Zphdp¨\u blpf Aphu S>B_°
dp°S>, dTp, dsı[, Ap_¨]$_p° A_ych L$f° R>°. Apd, [° [Zphdp¨\u dysº[
A_ych° R>°.
99
 lSy> ApNm h^[p Aop_Í$`u A¨^L$pfdp¨\u blpf Aphu ≈e R>°. S>°_° [°
op_ dp_u_° Al¨L$pfu / Arcdp_u / Nhwgp b_u Ne°g [° lh° kpQp A\Ædp¨ op_u
b_[p¨ rh_d∞ b_u `p°[p_u ≈[_° Aop_Í$`u A¨^L$pfdp¨\u dyº[ \e°gp A_ych° R>°.
h^y ApNm h^[p¨ dp°ldp¨\u dysº[ d°mhu kpQp° ‚°d/‚cy‚°d_p° Apıhp]$
g°[p \pe R>° –epf° [° dp°ldp¨\u dysº[_p° A_ych L$f° R>°.
Apd, ]$f°L$ [bΩ°$ `p°[° Ap Δh_dp¨ S> Δh[° Δh dysº[_p° A°V$g° L°$ dp°n
‚pr·_p° My]$ A_ych L$f° R>°. S>°_° dpV°$ Ap`Z° dp°V$p cpN° Ïe\Æ ‚e–_p°dp¨ dQ°gp
R>uA° [° S>fid S>fidpfi[f_p a°fpdp¨ _ `X$hy¨ `X°$ [°_° dp°n L$luA° R>uA°. `Z kpQp°
cL$[ Aphp° dp°n/dysº[ dpN[p° S> _\u. cf[Δ [°dS> Afie cL$[p°A° dp°n _
dpN[p ‚cy QfZdp¨ ‚ur[, ‚cy‚°d, ‚cy QfZ_u k°hp dpNu R>°. S>°_u `pk° dp°n_y¨
d|Îe b° L$p°X$u_y¨ R>° - Aphp° ‚cy‚°d dlpd|gu QuS> Ap kp^_p\u dm° R>°. [p° dp°n_u
dpep≈mdp¨ ip dpV°$ akphy¨ ?
i≠Lp : 77
L$brS>ep[ dV°$ Mfu ? iu fu[° ?
kdp^p_ :
lp, Qp°L$L$k dV°$. S>° L$p°BA° Ap kp^_p_p° Δh_dp¨ ‚ep°N L$f°g R>° [° [dpd_u
L$brS>ep[ dV$u NB R>°.
L$brS>ep[ dV$pX$hp_u ”Z kpdpfie fu[ Ap dyS>b R>°.
(1) D`hpk :- Apeyh£]$dp¨ S>Zph°g R>° L°$... ""g¨O_dπ `fdπ Ap•j^dπ''
L$brS>ep[ `Z A°L$ ‚L$pf_p° fp°N S> R>° S>°\u [°_p dpV°$ `Z D`hpk A° D—d Ap•j^
R>°. rhi°jdp¨ S>Zph°g R>° L°$ :ñ
""Aplpfdπ `Qr[ iuMu ]$p°jp_ Aplpf hΔÆ[:'' iuMu A°V$g° L°$ S>W$fprî_y¨
dyøe L$peÆ R>° cp°S>__° `Qphhy¨ `f¨[y cp°S>__u N°flpS>fudp¨ [° ]$p°jp°_° `Qph° R>°.
Apd, D`hpk ]$fÁep_ ]$p°j r_h©r— \pe R>° A°V$g° L°$ L$brS>ep[ ]|$f \pe R>°.
(f) cp°S>_ `qfh[Æ_ :ñ bu≈° fı[p° R>° cp°S>__p° ‚L$pf b]$gu _pMhp_p°.
S>°_p\u L$brS>ep[ \B [°hp° Aplpf _ g°hp° ≈°BA° ApS> ky^u ]y$r_ep ApMuA° Aplpf
gu^°g R>°: ]|$^ [°dS> fp¨^°g. ]|$^ ipL$plpf _\u dpV°$ Ap`Zp° Aplpf _ lp°hp R>[p¨
g°hpe R>° S>°\u [° L$brS>ep[ L$f° R>°. ]|$^ A°V$g° ]y$NØ^ ^fph_pf
buSy>¨ ñ
L$brS>ep[ Í$`u fp°N \pe R>° fp°V$gp Nfd Mphp\u A°V$g° L°$ fp¨¨^°g Aplpf
100
Ô[ ;FR]\ ;DÒV[ TM VFH[ 56 T[H ZLT[ S]NZTL EMHG H[GF T[ :J~5[ v
ZF\NIF JUZ H HgDYL D'tI] 5IÅÅT BFJ]\ Ô[.V[P H[ VF56]\ EMHG GYL T[JM
DF\;FCFZ4 N}W VFlN G BFJF Ô[.V[P H[GFYL ZMUZlCT lNWF"I] ÒJG 5|Fº YFI K[P
VFD KTF\ 5|J"TDFG ;DIDF\ JFTFJZ6 s VFAMCJF f4 5F6L TYF
EMHG N}lQFT SZL GFbIF K[ T[YL ;\5}6" lGZMUL56]\ TM XSI GYLP T[D KTF\
VS<5lGI T[J]\ ;F~\ :JF:yI 5|Fº SZL XSFIP VF tIFZ[ H XSI K[ HIFZ[
HgDTFYL DZTF ;]WL S]NZTL EMHG H[GF T[ :J~5[ H ,[JFI V[8,[ S[ VFNX"
EMHG 5|YF V5GFJFI TMP
CF,GF ;DIDF\ VFNX" EMHG5|YF V5GFJJL ,UEU VXSI K[
tIFZ[ GJL EMHG5|YF V5GFJJFYL 5|DF6DF\ ;F~\ :JF:yI Ô/JL XSFI K[P
ZF\W[, EMHG ,[JFG]\ CMJFYL :JFEFlJS H XZLZDF\ JWFZFGM SRZM q D/
HDF YFIP H[GF SFZ6[ ;DIF\TZ[ GFGL v GFGL TS,LOM YJFGL ;\EFJGF
BZL HP VFYL H GJL EMHG5|YFDF\ p5JF;G]\ 56 lJX[QF DCtJ K[P
V9JFl0I[ V[S VYJF 5\NZ lNJ;[ A[ S[ +6 p5JF; SZL GFBJFYL
56 XZLZ X]lNW Y.G[ XZLZ lGZMUL ZC[ K[P T[DH K DlCG[ GJZF+
p5JF; SZJFYL 5|DF6DF\ 36]\ ;F~\ :JF:yI D/L ZC[ K[P
GJL EMHG5|YFGF ;FWSMG[ SM. ;FDFgI TS,LO YTF\ NJF ,[JF NM0L
G HTF\ S]\HZ v V[lGDF v p5JF; JU[Z[YL N[C X]lNW SZLG[ T[ TS,LODF\YL
VgI SM.56 ;CFZF JUZ H ACFZ VFJL ÔI K[P
VFD4 ;DU| ZLT[ Ô[TF\ N]lQFT CJF v 5F6L v BMZFS CMJF KTF\ T[DH
lNJ;DF\ V[S JBT sZF+[f ZF\W[, EMHG ,[JFYL XZLZ BZFA V;ZMYL
5|EFlJT YFI4 T[ :JFEFlJS H K[P H[GFYL GFGL v GFGL TS,LOM YJFGL
;\EFJGF K[4 H[ ;DÒ XSFI T[JL :JI\:5Q8 AFAT K[P
VFD4 SIFZ[I lADFZ H G 50FI T[J\] GYLP ;FDFgI lADFZLVM YJFGL
;\EFJGF BZL HP 5Z\T] T[ 56 NJF VYJF VgI lRlSt;F 5NWlTVMGF
;CFZF JUZ H N[CX]lNWGF ;FDFgI p5RFZMYL T[JL lADFZLVMDF\YL ACFZ
VFJL HJFIP
X\SF o )$
CF,GL DM8F EFUGL J{7FlGS XMWBM/M DF\;FCFZLVMV[ SZL
K[P TM DF\;FCFZ z[Q9 VFCFZ G SC[JFI m
;DFWFG ov
5|JT"DFG ;DIGL DM8F EFUGL XMWBM/M DF\;FCFZ VG[ DNLZFv
5FG SZGFZ jIlSTVMV[ SZL K[P N]lGIFDF\ VF z[Q9LVMG]\ DM8]\ GFD K[P V[8,[
125
lGE"Z K[P 5Z\T] 5|IMUGF\ 5lZ6FDMG[ SM. 50SFZL XS[ GCÄP 36F ;FWSMGF S>dhp\u S>° b¨^ L$fu_° cNhp_° Ap`°g cp°S>_ ñ `”, `yÛ`, am, S>m ñ S>° _p¨ [°
B]N 5ZGF VG]EJM K[P H[DF\GF\ A[v5F\R V+[ VF5[, K[P T[DG[ 5}KLG[ DFlCTL ıhÍ$`dp¨ g°hy¨ ≈°BA° S>°_° kps–hL$ cp°S>_ L$l°hpe [p° L$brS>ep[ _lv fl°.
D[/JL XSFIP H[DFGF\ VG]EJM SCL VF5[ K[ S[ Z; DF+ p¿D VFCFZ H (3) A°r_dp : ”u≈° fı[p° R>° kp]$p `pZu\u A°r_dp g°hp_p° .Ap ALy$]$f[u
GYL4 5Z\T] ;OF. DF8[ 56 z[Q9 K[P H[ ;OF. Z[;FYL ;\ElJT H GYL T[ fı[p° R>°. `f¨[y ApS> ky^u fp¨^°g Mp^y¨ R>°, ]|$^ Mp^y¨ R>°, dp¨kplpf L$f°g R>° S>° `Z
Z;YL YFI K[P ALy$]$f[u R>° S>°\u ALy$]$f[u fı[pAp° AM–epf L$fhp S>Í$fu b_u ≈e R>°. f°QL$ `]$p\p£
s!f D\NFSLGL AC[G EZTEF. ;MZF9LIF4 H}GFU- _ g°[p¨ r_]$p£j A°hp° kp]$p `pZu_p° A°r_dp g°hp° h^y rl[L$f R>°.
DMP _)$Z&$ *&(&* iÍ$ iÍ$dp¨ Ap¨bmp, L$pf°gp, V$d°V$p, L$pL$X$u, `pgM hN°f°_p¨ fk `uhp\u
sZf SF/]EF. ;FJ,LIF4 ;]ZT
f° Q L$ Akf \pe R>° . S>° \ u `p¨ Q -`¨ ] $ f q]$ h k Aphp f° Q L$ fp”° k| [ u hM[°
DMP ))*)$ *_(&Z
200 \u 500 rd.gu. - S>Í$fu dp”pdp¨ g°hp. iºe lp°e, [p° q]$hk_y¨ cp°S>_ Aphp
s#f DC[gãEF. SMZF84 ;]ZT
DMP )#*5* Z#$_( fk\u iÍ$ L$fhy¨.
s$f DG;]BEF. 58[,4 D]\A. i¨L$p 78 :
DMP ))&*_ 5Z5(Z ıhd|” ‚ep°N [\p Np•d|” ‚ep°N\u r_fp°Nu flu iL$pe ?
s5f VlG,EF. RF{CF64 D]\A.
kdp^p_ :
DMP _)(Z_5 ZZ__*
fp°N _pb|]$u_p¨ A_°L$ ‚e–_p°dp¨_p° A°L$ R>° ""d|” ‚ep°N''. cpf[_p¨ c|[`|hÆ
s&f ZFH]EF. ;ZJ{IF4 D]\A.
DMP _)()Z# !(!!& hX$p‚^p_ ıh. dp°fpfΔ ]°$kpB `Z Ap ‚ep°N L$f[p. d¢ `Z Ap ‚ep°N L$f°g R>° A_°
VFD KTF\4 ;F{YL z[Q9 DFU" K[ o ÔT 5|IMUP 5MTFGL ÔT 5Z 5|IMU OZp¨ gp°L$p° lpg Ap ‚ep°N L$fu fl°g R>°.
SZL 5lZ6FDYL GÞL SZM ;FR]\ X]\ VG[ BM8]\ X]\ m SM.G]\ XF DF8[ DFGJ]\ m d¢ d|” ‚ep°N ƒepf° iÍ$ L$f°g –epf° dS>b|fu\u L$f°g. A°hu N¨]$u hı[y dp¢dp¨
5|IMU VMKFDF\ VMKF +6 DF; DF8[ SM. VG]EJLGF DFU"NX"G C[9/ SZJM _pMhu Nd[u _ l[u, `f¨[y A°L$ BgpS> [fuL°$ ıhuL$pepÆ hNf R|>V$L$p° `Z _ l[p°. d_°
H~ZL K[P k¨[p°jL$pfL$ `qfZpd d˛ey¨ _\u. S>° L$p°B Ap ‚ep°N L$fu f¸p R>° [° `Z L$p°B_° L$p°B
fp°N\u N∞rk[ [p° R>° S>. A° fu[° Ap ‚ep°N k¨`|ZÆ ıhpı’e‚]$ _\u.
X\SF o )#
cNhp_° ]°$l_u fQ_pdp¨ D–kNÆ[¨” b_ph°g R>°. S>°_y¨ L$pd R>° _L$pdp°
GCLL m
GJL EMHG 5|YF V5GFJJFYL SIFZ[I lADFZ 50FI H GC L$Qfp° ifuf blpf a¢L$u ]°$hp°. cp°S>_dp¨\u ifuf kpf cpN fpMu g° R>° ƒepf° npf
SFID DF8[ lGZMUL ZCL XSFI m cpN a¢L$u ]°$ R>°. d|” `Z npf cpN / L$Qfp° / dm / T°f R>°. bu_S>Í$fu
;DFWFG oov _yL$kp_L$pfL$ A°hp° L$Qfp° S> L$pY$hpdp¨ Aph[p° lp°e R>°. lh° [° S> L$Qfp° afu `°V$dp¨
GJL EMHG 5|YF VFNX" GYLP 5|FRLG VG[ VJF"RLGG[ E[UL v SZLG[ `^fphhp° [° L°$V$g° A¨i° hpS>bu NZpe ? J/L T[ 5|F6LH CM.G[ DF\;FCFZ
AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[, K[P SFZ6S[ VJF"RLG EMHG 5|YF E}, EZ[, K[4 H[GFYL 56 SCL XSFIP
VFBL N]lGIF ZMUMYL 3[ZF. U.P 5|FRLG EMHG 5|YF VFNX" CTLP H[ Apd R>[p¨ dp_u gBA° L°$ [dpd fp°Np° d|” ‚ep°N\u _pb|]$ \B ≈e R>° [p°
EMHGYL ,MSM CÔZM q ,FBM JQF" ;]WLGL p\DZ[ 5CM\rIF T[DH lGTF\T Ap ‚ep°N L°$V$gp° hpS>bu NZpe ?
lGZMUL ZæFP Ap dpV°$ ≈°BA° L°$ A°L$ [p°ap_u dpZk_° ky^pfhp° R>°, [p° b° fı[p R>°.
124 101
A°L$ R>° : L$p°B dp\pcpf° Ny¨X$p _° kp¢`u ]°$hp°. [p°ap_u dpZk ky^fu S>i°. bu≈° R>° :
L$p°B k¨[ - kp^y - dlp–dp_° kp¢`u ]°$hp°. [p°ap_u dpZk ky^fu S>i°.
Ap b° fı[pdp¨\u Ap`Z° L$ep° `k¨]$ L$fuiy¨ ?
buΔ fu[° `Z ≈°B iL$pe :
kp^_ Mfu]$hp `•kp_u S>Í$f R>°. `•kp b° fı[° d°mhu iL$pe :
A°L$ R>° : Qp°fu, g|¨V$, ]$Np° L$fu_° - A_ur[\u.
bu≈° R>° : ‚pdprZL$ h°`pf - ^¨^p° - _p°L$fu L$fu_° - _ur[\u.
Ap b°dp¨\u Ap`Z° L$ep° `k¨]$ L$fuiy¨ ?
d|” ‚ep°N\u fp°N _pb|]$u A° `l°gp° fı[p° R>°. ƒepf° r”k|”u kp^_p\u fp°N
_pb|]$u A° bu≈° fı[p° R>°. _Ω$u Ap`Z° L$fhp_y¨ R>°, ºep° fı[p° `k¨]$ L$fhp° ?
h^ydp¨...
d|” ‚ep°N\u dp” fp°N _pb|]$u S> R>°. (A° `Z ≈° \[p¨ lp°e [p°) ƒepf°
r”k|”u kp^_pdp¨ fp°N _pby]$u L$p°B NZ_pdp¨ S> _\u.
Mp¨X$_p¨ (L°$ Afie L$p°B) L$pfMp_pdp¨ Mp¨X$ A° dyøe D–`p]$_ R>°, ƒepf° i°fX$u_p
R>p°[p Í$`u bm[Z, dp°gpkuk, hN°f° bpe-‚p°X$L$V$ R>°.
r”k|”u kp^_pdp¨ ‚cy ‚pr· dyøe R>°. ıhpı’e, isº[, Ap_¨]$, op_, dp°n
hN°f°_u ‚pr· [° bpe ‚p°X$L$V$ R>°.
lh° _Ω$u Ap`ÓuA° L$fhp_y¨ R>°. `k¨]$Nu Ap`_u dfΔ `f r_cÆf R>°. d|”
‚ep°N\u fp°Np° lV$phhp L°$ r”-k|”u kp^_p\u chp°ch_p¨ fp°Np° lV$phhp !
i≠Lp : 79
r”-k|”u kp^_p R>° iy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
i¨L$p 63 A_° 73 dp¨ S>ZpÏep dyS>b :-
r”-k|”u kp^_p A°V$g° ""[` - k°hp - kyrdf_π.'' fpdQqf[ dp_k A_ykpf.
ApS> kp^_p Afie ^dÆN∞¨\p°dp¨ `Z Ap`°g R>°. dp” cpjp_p¨ L$pfZ° _pd AgN R>°.
Alv ""[`'' A°V$g° cp°S>__° gN[u bpb[ R>°. ep°¡e cp°S>_ g°hy¨, [°dS>
^uf° ^uf° cp°S>__p° æ$di: –epN L$f[p S>B_° ‚cy ‚pr· [fa ‚epZ L$fhy¨ [°_° "[`'
L$l°hpe R>°.
buSy>¨ QfZ R>° : ""k°hp'' : ‚cy khÆdp¨ rbfpS>dp_ R>° [° cph° [dpd_u
102
H[ S\. BF.V[ KLV[ T[G[ DMDF\ D}STF\GL ;FY[ H SRZM VG[ Z; K]8F
5F0JFGL 5|lÊIF RF,] Y. ÔI K[4 H[ H9ZDF\ J,MJJFGL 5|lÊIF ;]WL RF,[
K[P CJ[ SRZFI]ST Z; GFGF VF\TZ0FDF\ WS[,FI K[P HIF\ Z; R};FI K[4
SRZFG[ VFU/ WS[,FI K[P H[D H[D SRZM VFU/ JWTM ÔI T[D T[D T[DF\YL
Z; R};FTF K[Ð[ DM8F VF\TZ0FGF V\T EFUYL U]NF åFZ q D/ åFZYL
XZLZGL ACFZ WS[,L N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFD4 :5Q8 K[ S[ SRZF[ q Z[;F JU[Z[
XZLZGL H~lZIFT GYLP XZLZGL H~ZLIFT K[ Z;P H[DF\YL ZST4 DF\;4 DýF
AG[ K[P XZLZG]\ DZFDT SFI" s lZ5[Z V[g0 D[.g8[Gg; f YFI K[P VFD4 XZLZ
DF8[ Z; V[ H~ZL J:T] K[P Z[;F GCLP Z[;F TM VlGJFI" VlGQ8 K[P Z[;FGF
;CFZ[ Z; ZC[,M K[ T[YL Z; D[/JJF DF8[ Z[;FG[ 56 ;FYM ;FY ,. HJF
50[ K[P H[ DF8[ DM\DF\ D}STFYL D/ åFZYL SF-TF ;]WL Z[;F VlGQ8 K[ 5Z\T]
lGJFZL XSFI T[D GYLP T[YL H T[G[ VlGJFI" VlGQ8 SC[, K[P VFYL CJ[
:5Q8 K[ S[ H [ J:T]GL XZLZG[ H~Z H GYL T[ J:T] Ô[ lGJFZL XSFI T[D
CMI TM lGJFZJL Ô[.V[P VFH[ VF56[ I\+ I]UDF\ ÒJLV[ KLV[P HIF\ H[
.ZKLV[ T[ Y. XS[ T[D K[P lDS;Z4 HI];Z4 U|F.g0Z4 a,[g0Z JU[Z[ VG[S
p5SZ6MGL DNNYL Z;G[ Z[;FYL K]8M SZL XSFI T[D K[P H[YL ;LW[ ;LWM Z;
H 5LJFDF\ VFJ[4 TM XZLZ[ jIY" 5|ItGM SZJFGF ZC[ H GCÄ H[GFYL
5|F6XlST sJF.8, 5FJZ f GM ARFJ YFI K[P VF ZLT[ Ô[TF\ Z;FCFZ p¿D
VFCFZ sZ[;FI]ST VFCFZGL ;ZBFD6LV[f SCL XSFIP
—— Z;˜˜ AFAT[ lJRFI]Å TM CJ[ Z[;F AFAT[ 56 lJRFZLV[P
VF\TZ0FDF\ Z; R};JFGL 5|lÊIF DF8[ VF\TZ0FGL V\NZGL lNJF, 5Z
JF/ H[JL ~\JF8L VFJ[, K[P H[GF C,G R,GYL Z; R};JFGL 5|lÊIF YFI K[P
Ô[ Z; T[DF\YL 5;FZ YX[4 TM T[ R};FX[ VG[ SM. VJZMW GCÄ pEM SZ[P
HIFZ[ Z[;F T[ ~\JF8LDF\ O;F. HJFGL 5}ZL XSITF K[P V[SFN Z[;M 56 O;FIM
TM T[GF 5Z ALÔ[ VG[ ALÔ 5Z +LÔ[ V[D Z[;FVMG]\ Ô/]\ U}\YF. HX[P Ô[
S[ S]NZTL jIJ:YF TM T[G[ 56 UD[ T[D SZLG[ C0;[,L N[JFGL CMI H K[P 5Z\T]
T[ DF8[ 5|F6XlSTV[ ALGH~ZL JWFZFGM SFI"AMH p9FJJM 50[ T[ :JFEFlJS
K[ VG[ T[ ;C[H[ ;DÒ XSFI T[J\] K[P VFD4 Z[;FI]ST BMZFSGL ;ZBFD6LV[
v — Z;FCFZ˜ JW] z[Q9 ;FlAT YFI K[P
VFD KTF\ VF AWF TS" VG[ TS"G[ ;FRF IF BM8F ;FlAT SZJFGL
N,L,M K[4 H[G[ S[8,]\ DCtJ VF5J]\ T[ 56 ;F{GL 5MT 5MTFGL lJJ[SA]lâ 5Z
123
SZLV[P s;FRL S[ BM8L 5}ZJFZ SZLG[ SIF\ VF56[ RF\N D[/JJM K[ m f 5C[,F
TM V[ Ô6LV[ S[ Z[;FJF/F BMZFSG[ ;FZM XF DF8[ U6JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ m
;F{ SM. Ô6[ K[ T[D Z[;FJF/M BMZFS ;FZL ;OF. SZ[ K[ T[J]\ DFGJFDF\
VFJ[ K[P T[ HIF\YL 5;FZ YFI4 tIF\ tIF\YL S\.S SRZM ,[TM VFU/ JW[ K[P
H[YL VF\TZ0FGL lNJF,G[ RM8[, D/ DF8[ VFJF Z[;FVM hF0]GL UZH ;FZ[
K[P H[GFYL VF\TZ0]\ RMbB]\ ZC[ K[4 SAlHIFT YTL GYLP SAlHIFT H TDFD
ZMUMG]\ D}/ DFGJFDF\ VFJ[, K[P CJ[ SAlHIFT G ZC[ TM —— G ZC[ AF\; G
AH[ AF\;}ZL˜˜ v ZMUGM ;JF, H pEM G YFIP VFD4 ;JFÅÅX[ TFZ6 V[
GLS/[ K[ S[ Z[;FJF/M VFCFZ ,[JFYL lGZMUL ZC[JFI K[P H[YL ;F{ SM.V[ VF
JFT :JLSFZL ,LWL K[P VCÄ ;]WL TM JFT ;DÒ XSFI K[P VF V[S TS"
s,MÒS f K[P 5Z\T] CSLST X]\ K[ m T[ SM.V[ T5F:I]\ B~\ m RF,M VF56[
T5F;LV[P
DM8F EFU[ p5ZMST DFgITFYL Ý[ZF.G[ ;F{ SM. Z[;FI]ST VFCFZ JW]
5;\N SZ[ K[ VG[ T[YL T[JM BMZFS BFI K[P TM X]\ T[ ;F{ lGZMUL K[ BZF m
HJFA :5Q8 GHZ ;FD[ H K[ o —— GF˜˜ SM.56 lGZMUL GYLP ;F{ SM. ZMlUQ8
H K[P VFYL l;NW YFI K[ S[ p5ZMST TS" sDFgITFf IMuI GYLP H[YL O[Z
lJRFZ6F DFUL ,[ K[P
DFGJ[TZ XFSCFZL 5|F6LVM TZO GHZ SZLX]\ TM :5Q8 bIF, VFJX[
S[v T[ AWF H[ S\. BFI K[ T[ Z[;FI]ST H K[ VG[ lGZMUL K[P VFYL CJ[ OZL
lJRFZJ]\ Zæ]\ S[ X]\ T[VM Z[;FI]ST VFCFZG[ SFZ6[ H lGZMUL K[ m DFGJLGF\
lS:;FDF\ Z[;FI]ST VFCFZ ,[JF KTF\ lADFZL K[P VFYL VCÄ — Z[;F˜ p5ZF\T
ALÒ SM.S AFAT EFU EHJ[ K[ T[J]\ :5Q8 YFI K[P H[ K[ o v lGZMUL 5|F6L
EUJFG[ VF5[, BMZFS H[ T[ :J~5[ H BFI K[[P HIFZ[ ZMlUQ8 DFGJ 5|F6L
VFJM BMZFS VFU 5Z R0FJL D'T AGFJLG[ BFI K[P
VFYL —— Z[;F˜˜ SZTF\ JW] NIFG VFSQF"S AFAT K[ EMHGDF\ ZC[,
;tJ q TtJGL Ô/J6LP
CJ[ V[S SND VFU/P
DFGL ,.V[ S[ VF56[ 56 VFU 5Z R-FjIF JUZ H SFR[ SFR]\ BFJ]\
K[ TM 5KL —— Z[;F VG[ Z; ˜˜ V[ A[DF\ ;F~\ SI]\ m
RF,M VF AFATG[ 56 VF56L ;FDFgI A]lNW sSMDG ;[g;f GL
V[Z6 5Z R-FJLV[P
122
k°hp L$fhu. L$p°B hm[f_u A`°npA°, L°$ F>Z Q|L$hhp, L°$ ‚r[õ$p A\£ L°$ [°hp bu≈
L$p°B`Z cph\u S>° L¨$B Ap`hpdp¨ Aph° R>° [° ep°¡e _\u. k°hp cph_p\u A`pe [°
S> ep°¡e R>°. S>°dp¨ `•kp°, dpg-rdÎL$[, kde, isº[ hN°f° kp^_p°_y¨ dl“h _\u.
dl“h R>° ""cph'' _y¨. ‚°dcph° ‚cyk°hp A° S> D—d R>°. D`fp°º[ kp^_p° A° [p°
k°hpcph ‚]$riÆ[ L$fhp_p¨ dp›ed dp” R>°. ‚cy k°hp A° S> A°L$dp” dp_h Δh__y¨
gn lp°hy¨ ≈°BA°.
”uSy>¨ QfZ R>° : kyrdf_π :
kyrdf_π A°V$g° ›ep_ (Meditation). ›ep_ bpb[° ApS>L$pg kp• L$p°B
h—° Ap°R>° A¨i° ≈Z° S> R>°.
›ep_ A°V$g° : "" i}fie[p''
Apd, ›ep_ A° dp_h Δh__u klS> ıhpcprhL$ Ahı\p R>°. S>°\u [°
dp_h Δh__p° A°L$ cpN S> R>°.
Ap\u A°d L$lu iL$pe L°$ ›ep_ dpV°$ L$p°B ‚e–_ L$fhp_p¨ lp°e S> _lv.
A°V$g° L°$ ›ep_ A° L$p°B L$fhp_u qæ$ep _\u `Z pkp°√R>hpk_u dpaL$ S> \[u
r_f¨[f ‚qæ$ep R>°. A°V$g° L°$ ≈° L$p°B pkp°√R>hpk hNf Δhu iL°$, [p° ›ep_ hNf
Δhu iL°$. Ap\u [° L$p°B kp^y - k¨[ - –epNu - rhfL$[ dpV°$_u qæ$ep S> dp”
R>° [°hy¨ _\u [° kp• L$p°B dp_h dpV°$ R>°.
›ep__u dyøe–h° b° fu[° R>° :-
(1) L°$sfi÷eL$fZ (CONCENTRATION)
(2) rir\rgL$fZ (RELAXATION)
Afie bpb[p°_u S>°d ›ep_ A¨N° `Z AgN-AgN OZu S> dpfie[pAp°
‚Qrg[ R>°. S>°\u rhrh^ fu[° ›ep_ L$fphpe R>°.
Ap`Z° Alv A°L$]$d kfm A°hu ""rir\rgL$fZ'' _u QQpÆ L$fuiy¨.
›ep_dp¨ ]°$l iyqŸ (ı_p_, Apq]$) _u AphÌeL$[p _\u.
›ep_ L$p°B`Z kde° L$fu iL$pe R>°. Apd R>[p¨ hl°gu khpf_p° kde D—d
NZhp°.
L$p°B`Z Apk_dp¨ ^f[u `f, `\pfudp¨, Myfiudp¨ b°ku iL$pe.
ifuf S>du_ / q]$hpg _° ı`i£ _lv [°d b°khy¨.
103
 kd|ldp¨ b°khp_y¨ lp°e, [p° A°L$bu≈_° ı`iÆ _ \pe [°V$g° ]|$f b°khy¨. X\SF o )Z
L$fp°X$, Nf]$_ [\p dı[L$ ku^u guV$udp¨ fl°, [°d b°khy¨. SIM VFCFZ ;FZM m Z[;FJF/M sOF.AZ O]0f S[ Z;FCFZ m
`p°[p_p¨ BÙ$]°$h, Nyfy, d¨” hN°f°_y¨ b°-”Z hM[ ıdfZ L$fhy¨ ;DFWFG ov
lh° d__° dp°L$my¨ d|L$u ]°$hy¨. rhQpf Aph°, [p° Aphhp ]°$hp, ≈e [p° S>hp Z[;FJF/M S[ Z;FCFZ AþF[ VFCFZ H[ T[ :J~5[ ,[JFDF\ VFJ[ TM AþF[
]°$hp. dp” ◊Ù$p b_u fl°hy¨. ;FZF H K[P Z[;FJF/F S[ Z; 5Z Ô[ SM. 5|lÊIF SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[GF
byqŸ_p° Mp°fpL$ rhQpf R>°. ›ep_ A°V$g° rhQpfp°_° fp°L$hp_u qæ$ep R>°. A°V$g° L°$ U]6WDM"DF\ O[ZOFZ YFI K[P H[ T[GF 5Z SZJFDF\ VFJTL 5|lÊIF 5Z VFWFZ
rhQpfp°_p° D`hpk R>°. S>°\u D`hpk ]$frdep_ ""]$p°jp_π Aplpf hΔÆ[:'' A°V$g° L°$ ZFB[ K[P Ô[ T[G[ p\RF pQ6TFDFG[ UZD SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[ Z[;FI]ST VFCFZ
rhQpfp°Í$`u Aplpf fp°L$hp\u rhQpfÍ$`u rhL$pfp° / ]$p°jp° ]|$f \hp_u ‚qæ$ep Qpgy \i°. CMI4 S[ Z;FCFZ CMI T[GF\ U]6WDM" GFX 5FD[ K[4 H[ EUJFG[ VF56F XZLZ
DF8[ VF5[, CMI K[P T[ l;JFIGL 5|lÊIF S[ T[DF\ p5IMUL U]6WDM"G[ CFGL
Ap\u Ap`Z_° A°hy¨ gpNi° L°$ ›ep_ gpN[y¨ _\u, DgV$p_y¨ b°›ep_ \hpe R>°. `f¨[y [°
5CM\R[ T[ TDFD 5|lÊIF YL EMHG N}lQFT AG[ K[ VG[ G]SXFGSFZL AG[ K[P
kapB \B flu R>°. ƒep¨ ky^u A¨]$f rhL$pfp° li°, –ep¨ ky^u kapB Qpgy fl°i°. –epfbp]$
H[D S[ T[GL KF, pTFZL GFBL O[\SL N[\JFDF\ VFJ[ AFSLGM EFU BFJFGF
kpQy¨ ›ep_ gpNi°. p5IMUDF\ ,[JFI4 SF5LG[ ,F\AM ;DI ZFBL D}SL ZFBJFDF\ VFJ[4 ,F\AM
i¨L$p 80 : ;DI ZFBJF DF8[GF\ Z;FI6M pD[ZJFDF\ VFJ[4 JU[Z[PPP EMHGG[ ZF\WJFYL
_hu cp°S>_‚\p\u b∞˚QeÆ h∞[ `f iu Akf \pe ? JW]DF\ JW] G]SXFG YFI K[P VFYL VtI\T H~ZL V[ K[ S[ EMHGG[ VFU 5Z
R0FjIF JUZ BFJ]\ VG[ XSI CMI tIF\ ;]WL S]NZTL :J~5[ H BFJ]\P
kdp^p_ : VF ;FDFgI JFTGM lJRFZ SIF" 5KL OZL 5FKF D}/ JFT 5Z
b∞˚QeÆ_p° A°L$ A\Æ R>° : VFJLV[P
b∞˚Qpfu ‹pfp `mp[y¨ ""h∞[''. VFD DFgITF V[ K[ S[ Z[;FI]ST VFCFZ BFJM ;FZMP VFYL EFÒ
b∞˚Qpfu_p° A°L$ A\Æ R>° : T[DH Z[;FJF/F XFS4 ;,F04 O/M JU[Z[ BFJFGL ;,FC VF5JFFDF\ VFJTL
""b∞˚dπ Qfr[ Br[ b∞˚Qpfu''. CMI K[P T[DH VF DFgITF VFD HGTFDF\ V[8,L 5|Rl,T K[ S[ JUZ ;,FC[
A°V$g° L°$ : 56 ,MSM VFJ]\ H BFJFG]\ 5;\N SZTF CMI K[P H[JF 5F6L VG[ N}W AFAT[GF\
S>° b∞˚dp¨ rhQf° R>° [° b∞˚Qpfu R>°, bIF,M ;DFHDF\ 5|JT[" K[ T[JM H V[S bIF, VF AFAT[ 56 K[P
S>° b∞˚dp¨ fd° R>° [° b∞˚Qpfu R>°. VF V[S ——bIF,˜˜ K[ v —— DFgITF ˜˜ K[ H[ ;FRL 56 CM. XS[ K[4
b∞˚QeÆ_p° gp•qL$L$ A\Æ R>° : BM8L 56 CM. XS[ K[P SM. V[S DFgITF ;DFHGF DM8F JU[" :JLSFZL ,LWL
˜u - `yfyj° k¨cp°N _ L$fhp° [°. CMI4 T[G[ ;FRL DFGL ,[JFDF\ VFJTL CMI K[P 5KL E,[ T[ C/FC/ H]õL
OZp¨ ^dp£ / k¨‚]$pep° b∞˚QeÆ D`f M|b S> cpf d|L°$ R>°. b˚QeÆ `pmhp CMIP J/L4 H[8,L H}GL DFgITF V[8,L T[G[ C8FJJL 56 D]xS[, AG[ K[P VF
dpV°$ `fZ°gp lp°hp R>[p¨ `r[-`–_u_p¨ k¨b¨^p° r_cphp[p _\u, OZp¨ [p° `fZ[p 56 V[S V[JL H DFgITF K[P H[G[ ;FRL 5}ZJFZ SZJL ;C[,]\ K[ SFZ6 S[4
`Z _\u A_° OZp¨ Ap dpV°$ kfiepku S> b_u ≈e R>°. ;J":JLS'T K[P V[GFYL 56 VFU/ H.V[ TM VFJL DFgITFG[ ;FRL 5}ZJFZ
Ap bpb[ MyÎgp q]$g - q]$dpN\u ≈°BA° [p° : SZJFGL 56 H~Z GYL4 SFZ6 S[ T[G[ ;FRÄ DFGL ,[JFDF\ VFJ[, H K[P CJ[
k©rÙ$_p kS>Æ_lpf° k©rÙ$_y¨ kS>Æ_ L$eyØ R>° A_° [°_° L$ped dpV°$ V$L$phu fpMhp_u TM T[G[ BM8L 5}ZJFZ SZJL CMI TM ,M-FGF R6F RFJJF H[8,]\ S9LG K[P TM
Ïehı\p L$f°g R>°. [° dpV°$ [dpd ep°r_Ap°dp¨ ˜u - `yfyj_p° k¨cp°N Ar_hpeÆ R>°, VFJL jIY" DC[GT XF DF8[ SZJL m 5Z\T] ÔT[ ;tI ;DHJFGL SMlXQF
104 121
T[ VG];FZ ;F{ SM. EMHG VFZMUL ZæF K[P VFYL H TM XFSFCFZL 5|F6LVM
lUTFÒ4 ZFDRlZT DFG; S[ VgI U|\YM JF\RL S[ ;DÒ XSTF G CMJF KTF\
T[ U|\YMGL ;}RGFVMG]\ V1FZ;o 5F,G SZJFYL lGZMUL K[P VFYL 56 VgI
ÒJMG]\ VJ,MSG SZL T[GL ;FY[ 5MTFGL ÔTG[ ;ZBFJLG[ ;FR]\ X]\4 BM8]\ X]\
T[ GÞL SZJF DF8[ 56 5X] ;FY[GL ;ZBFD6L JFHAL 9[ZJL XSFI K[P
X\SF o )_
GJL EMHG5| Y F V5GFJGFZ TDFD ;UEF" :+LG[ lJGF
VM5Z[XG 5|;]lT ;\EJ K[ BZL m
;DFWFG ov
5|HGGT\+GF TDFD VJIJM IMuI l:YlTDF\ CMI4 TM T[ ;\ElJT
K[P 5Z\T] 36L :+LVMGF XZLZG]\ A\WFZ6 H V[J]\ AGL UI]\ CMI K[ S[ H[
DFU"YL AF/SG[ HgD VF5JFGM CMI T[ DFU" H V\XT o VYJF 5}6"56[ A\W
CMI H[ GJL EMHG5|YFYL B},JM XSI G CMI4 CF0SF H V[ ZLT[
UM9JFI[, CMI S[ T[GM DFU" VJZMWFTM CMI TM T[JF ;\Ô[UMDF\ ;H"ZL V[
H V[SDF+ p5FI AR[ K[P
X\SF o )!
D[l0S, ;FIg;GF DT[ DFGJLDF\ YTF\ ZMUMDF\ — ÒG ˜ DCN
V\X[ HJFANFZ K[ V[ AFAT[ TDF~\ X]\ DFGJ]\ K[ m
;DFWFG ov
VDFZL DFgITF D]HA D[l0S, ;FIg;GL VF DFgITF ;\5}6"56[
;FRL K[P HDLG VG[ lAIFZ6GL U]6J¿F D]HA T[DF\ 5FS VFJ[ K[P VF H
JFT TDFD ÒJMG[ ,FU] 50[ K[P DFGJ 56 VFJM H V[S ÒJ K[P VFYL DF
VYJF AF5 VYJF AþF[GF ÒG Ô[ BZFA CMI TM AF/SGF XZLZ 5Z T[GL
DF9L V;Z YFI VG[ AF/S ZMlUQ8 YFIP VF ZLT[ p¿ZM¿Z ÒG BZFA
YTF ÔI VG[ DFGJÔT ,F\AF UF/[ ;\5}6"56" ZMlUQ8 Y.4 BTD Y.
ÔIP VFYL CJ[ BZFA ÒGG[ ;]WFZJFGM Z:TM 56 lJRFZJM ZæM4 H[
K[ o — GJL EMHG5|YFP˜
ÒGGF SFZ6[ JFZ;FDF\ D/[, ZMUM l;JFIGF 5MTFGL BF6L5L6LGL
E},G[ SFZ6[ YI[, ZMUM GJL EMHG5|YFYL VF;FGLYL C8FJL XSI K[P
H[GF CF, V;\bI lS:;FVM GHZ ;D1F K[P
120
AphÌeL$ R>° A_° lfL$p°B Δh [° r_ed_° A_ykfu fl°g R>°. My]$ cNhp_ rih, fpd
A_° L©$ÛZ A_° [dpd Ah[pfp°A° `Z Ap r_ed `p˛ep° R>°. b^p¨ S> k¨kpfu l[p¨.
b^pA° g¡_ L$f°g R>° A_° b^p¨A° Ly$]$f[_p r_edp°_y¨ `pg_ L$fu_° ‚≈°–`r— L$f°g R>°.
dpZk ≈[° b˚QeÆ_p rhrh^ A\ÆOV$_p° L$fu_° Ly$]$f[u r_edp° kp\° Q°X$p¨ L$epÆ R>°.
gNcN A°L°$ A°L$ bpb[dp¨ dpZk° Ly$]$f[u r_edp°dp¨ lı[n°` L$ep£ R>° A_° dpW$p¨
`qfZpdp° cp°NÏep R>° A_° cp°NÏe° ≈e R>°. A_° Ly$byqŸhi [° kpQy¨ kdΔ iL$[p°
_\u. Mp°V$p¨_° kpQy¨ dp_u_° Ïe\Æ Δh_ Ïer[[ L$f° R>°. A_° L¨$BL$ ‚p· L$epÆ_p Mp°V$p
øepgp°dp¨ fp√ep L$f° R>°.
S>° fu[° lpg_p kdedp¨ b˚QeÆ `mpB f¸y¨ R>° [° Csfi÷ep°_y¨ ]$d_ R>°. L$pd°√R>p
A° Ly$]$f[u Aph°N R>°. Ly$]$f[u Aph°N_° fp°L$hp\u _yL$ip_ S> \pe, ape]$p° lfNuT _
\pe. Aphp Aph°Np°_° ]$pbhp\u dp°L$p° dm[p¨ S> [° ı‚vN_u S>°d DR>m° R>°. k¨kpfuAp°
[p° kdƒep, `Z kfiepkuAp°_p `Z fp°tS>]$p qL$ıkpAp° _S>f kdn R>° L°$ [°Ap°
ÏercQpf ApQfu f¸p R>° / ]¨$cu Δh_ Δhu f¸p R>°. Ahpf-_hpf Aphp qL$ıkpAp°
]•$r_L$ `”p°dp¨ Qdºep S> L$f[p lp°e R>°. [°_° L$p°B ^dÆ L°$ k¨‚]$pe kp\° g°hp-]°$hp lp°[u
_\u. Aphp kfiepku Δh_ L$f[p¨ k¨kpfu Δh_ iy¨ Mp°Vy¨$ R>° ? A°V$g° S> [p° cNhp_°
Sy>]$p Sy>]$p Ah[pfp° gB_° dp_hu_° dpNÆ b[phhp S> k¨kpfu Δh_ ΔÏep li° _° ?
R>[p¨ d|Y$ dp_h kdS>° [p° _° !
≈° Aphp b˚Qep£ S> `pmhp_p¨ lp°[ [p° cNhp_° ‚S>__ [¨”_u fQ_p S>
ip dpV°$ L$fu lp°[ ? Ap`Z° ip dpV°$ b^y¨ N|¨Qhu dpfuA° R>uA° ?
Aphp b∞˚QeÆ_u bpb[dp¨ `Z ≈°Biy¨ [p° øepg Aphi° L°$ k©rÙ$_p [dpd
Δh ‚≈°–`r— L$f° R>° A_° [° dpV°$ S>Í$fu dp”pdp¨ S> ‚S>__ [¨”_p° D`ep°N L$f° R>°.
ƒepf° dp_h ? [° ‚S>__ [¨”_p° D`ep°N _lv D`cp°N L$f° R>°. [° A-r_e¨r”[ fu[°
D`cp°N L$f° R>°. [°Z° kp_-cp_ Nydphu ]$u^°g R>°. [° dp°S>-ip°M_p kp^__u S>°d S>
D`cp°N L$fu fl°g R>°. S>° hpS>bu _\u. `f¨[y dpZk_u lpg[ Aphu L$°d \B A° `Z
rhQpf dpNu g° R>°.
[dpd Δh cNhp_° [°_p dpV°$ S>° cp°S>_ r_dpÆZ L$eyØ [° [°_p [° S> ıhÍ$`°
Apfp°N° R>° A_° [°\u [° Ly$]$f[u Δh_ Δh° R>°. [°_° Ly$]$f[u Aph°Np° Aph° R>°. S>°\u
Ly$]$f[u S>Í$fuep[ dyS>b S> [° L$pd-æ$uX$p L$f° R>°.
ƒepf° dpZk ! [°Z° `p°[p_y¨ X$lp`Z hp`fu_° Mphp-`uhp_u bpb[_° `Z
dp°S>-ip°M_y¨ kp^_ kdΔ_° ApX°$^X$ D`cp°N L$fhp gp¡ep°. [°Z° _ Mphp_y¨
105
`Z Mp^y¨ A_° Mphp_y¨ rhL©$[ L$fu-L$fu_° - fp¨^u_° - Mp^y¨. ""Afi_ [°hy¨ d_.''
Ap\u d_ L$gyrj[ \ey¨, d_dp¨ rhL©$r[Ap° Aphu. S>°_p\u [° L$pdp¨^ \B Nep° A_°
Ar_e¨r”[ fu[° ALy$]$f[u ÏercQpf L$fhp gp¡ep°. lh° A¨]$f\u L$pdps¡_ ‚à>hrg[
lp°e A_° blpf\u `pZu_p° R>¨V$L$ph L$fu_° ]|$^_p° Ecfp° ip¨[ L$fhp_p ‚epk S>°hy¨
Np¨X$`Z [° "b∞˚QeÆ' _\u iy¨ ? ]|$^_p Ecfp Aph[p b¨^ L$fhp lp°e [p°, `pZu_p
Aphp R>¨V$L$ph\u _ \pe. \pe [p° nrZL$ \pe. afu hpf¨hpf ApÏep S> L$f°. Ap b^p¨
Ïe\Æ ‚e–_p°dp¨ `qfZd°.
Mf°Mf ≈° ]|$^_p° Ecfp° b¨^ L$fhp° lp°e, [p° Ecfp° Aphhp_p L$pfZÍ$`
As¡_ byTphu_° ip¨[ L$fhp° `X°$.
Apd, kpQy¨ b∞˚QeÆ `pmhy¨ lp°e, [p° L$pdps¡__p Aph[p Aph°Np°_° ip¨[
L$fhp `X°$. S>° dpV°$ L$pfZc|[ Mp°V$p° Mp°fpL$ b¨^ L$fu ""kpq“hL$ cp°S>_'' - S>° cp°S>_
cNhp_° Ap`°g R>° [° [°_p [° S> ıhÍ$`° - L$p°B`Z ≈[_p a°fapf hNf g°hy¨ ≈°BA°.
S>°_p\u rh_p ‚e–_° b∞˚QeÆ Ap`p°Ap` `mpi°. ""L$fh¨y'' A_° ""\hy¨'' dp¨ Apc-
S>du__p° [aph[ R>°. dp_hu_p b∞˚QeÆ_p lpg_p ‚e–_p° ""L$fhp'' `X°$ R>°, ƒepf°
cp°S>_dp¨ `qfh[Æ_ \[p¨ lh° Ap`p°Ap` [° ""\hp'' gpNi°. S>°dp¨ L$p°B S> rhL©$r[ _lv
lp°e, S>° klS> li°, S>° Ly$]$f[u li° A_° [° S> kpQy¨ b∞˚QeÆ li°. S>° A_ych_p
Ap^pf° lz¨ L$lu iLy$ Ry>¨. h^ydp¨ b∞˚QeÆ dpV°$ rd[plpfu fl°hy¨ `Z A°V$gy¨ S> S>Í$fu R>°.
i¨L$p 81 :
fp°N _pby]$u dpV°$ lL$pfp–dL$ rhQpf^pfp L°$V$g° A¨i° S>hpb]$pf R>° ?
kdp^p_ :
A–epf ky^u_u QQpÆdp¨ Ap`Z° ≈°B Nep L°$ fp°N A° ifuf_p° NyZ^dÆ R>°.
ifuf b_°g R>° cp°S>_\u. Ap\u ipfuqfL$ L$p°B`Z [L$gua "fp°N' dpV°$ dl]π$ A¨i°
cp°S>_ S> S>hpb]$pf R>°. Apd R>[p¨ dp_h ]°$l `p¨Q ifufp°_p° b_°g R>°. S>° _uQ°
dyS>b R>° :
(1) lpX$ - dp¨k - gp°lu_y¨ dpmMy¨. - ı\|m ]°$l.
(f) `p¨Q L$d°sfi÷ep° [\p `p¨Q op_°sfi÷ep°. - ı\|m.
}
(3) d_
(4) byqŸ k|ˇd ifufp°.
(5) rQ— - (Aldπ).
106
Ô[.V[P 5X] IMlG V[ DFGJ IMlGYL GLR[GL S1FFGL K[P H[YL T[GL ;FY[
;ZBFD6L IMuI GYLP
DFGJ IMlGDF\ 56 H[D6[ S9LG T5 S[ ;FWGF SZL K[ T[JF klQFD]lG
VM H[ DFGJ CMJF KTF\ prR :YFG[ K[ H[YL T[DGL ;FY[GL ;ZBFD6L
IMuI ,[BFIP
ÒJ V[ lXJGM V\X K[ s lXJ V\XL K[P f
VFtDF V[ 5ZDFtDFGM V\X K[P s5ZDFtDF V\XL K[P f
VFYL JW] IMuI ;ZBFD6L V\XGL V\XL ;FY[GL K[P VFD4 5|E]
5ZDFtDF ;FY[GL ;ZBFD6L ;F{YL JW] IMuI U6FIP
ZFDR\ãÒ EUJFGGM BMZFS S\NvD}/vO/v5FG VG[ 5F6L CTMP S'Q6
EUJFG 5+4 5]Q54 O/4 H/ VF5JFG]\ SC[ K[P
VFD4 VF56M VFCFZ VF56F V\XLGM K[ T[ V[8,[ S[ XFSFCFZ v
sJG:5lTHgI VFCFZf CMJM Ô[.V[P T[ ;F{YL JW] IMuI ;ZBFD6L K[P 5Z\T]
DF6;G[ V6UDTL JFT G :JLSFZJF DF8[ S\.S ACFG]\ Ô[.V[P H[YL T[ V[D
SCLG[ K8SL HX[ S[ VF56[ SIF\ EUJFG KLV[ m VF56FYL T[ G YFIP
klQF D]lG ;FY[GL ;ZBFD6L 56 IMuI H K[P VCÄ 56 DF6; V[J]\
SCLG[ K8SL HX[ S[ T[DG[ SIF\ XFZLlZS zD SZJFGM CTM m T[DGFYL YFI4
VF56FYL G YFIP
VFYL VF56[ 5X] ;FY[ ;ZBFJLV[ KLV[P 5X] TM VF56FYL JW] zD
SZ[ K[P T[GFYL YFI TM VF56FYL S[D G YFI m
ALH]\ DFGJÔT z[Q9 CMJF KTF\ VFCFZGL AFATDF\ BM8F bIF,MYL
T[6[ SZ[,L E},MV[ T[G[ 5X]YL 56 lGdG :TZ[ 5CM\RF0L NLW[, K[P VFD4 VF
AFAT[ 5X] DFGJ SZTF\ p\RL l:YlTV[ CMJFYL T[GL ;FY[GL ;ZBFD6L 56
JFHAL 9[ZJL XSFI K[P
+LH]\4 klQFD]lG VG[ EUJFGGL JFTM SF<5lGS ,FU[ HIFZ[ 5X]VM
TM GHZ ;D1FGL CSLST K[P H[YL T[G[ DFGJFDF\ JW] ;Z/TF ZC[P
RMY]\4 N[CGL ZRGFGL NlQ8V[ XFSFCFZL 5X]VM VG[ DFGJN[CDF\
;FdITF K[P H[YL T[GL ;FY[ ;ZBFJJ]\ 56 IMuI K[P
5F\RD]\4 EMHGGL AFATDF\ TDFD ÒJM 5MTFG]\ ÒJG 8SFJL ZFBJF
DF8[ T[6[ X]\ BFJ]\ T[ V\U[GL ;FDFgI A]lâ EUJFG[ ;F{ SM.G[ VF5L K[ VG[
119
 DFZF V[S GÒSGF ;UF H[ V[DP 0LP s 0LPÒPVMPf 0F¶S8Z K[P VG[ V[DP
V[;P I]lGJl;"8L J0MNZFGL ;Z ;IFÒZFJ HGZ, CM:5L8,DF\ 0LG TZLS[
56 ;[JF VF5[, K[ T[D6[ VG[ T[DGF 5tGL H[ ALPV[;P;LP YI[, K[P VFJL
VM/BF6 V[8,[ H~L K[ S[ 5MT[ AþF[ J{7FlGS K[ V[8,]\ H GCÄP lRlSt;F lJ7FGGL
prR¿D l0U|L WZFJ[ K[ VG[ VFZMuI 1F[+[ ACM/M VG]EJ K[4 T[VMV[ 56
Ò\NULEZ sCF, p\DZ &5 JQF"f 3LvT[,GM J5ZFX GCLJTŸ SZ[, K[ VG[ T[G[
,LW[ H VF p\DZ[ 56 ;F~\ :JF:yI EMUJL ZïF K[P
VFYL 3LvT[, AFAT[ ;FRL ;DH S[/JLG[ T[GM p5IMU ;N\TZ A\W SZL
N[JM lCTFJC K[P
X\SF o ((
N]W S[JM VFCFZ U6FI m ;FltJS4 ZFH;L S[ TFD;L m
;DFWFG ov
VFCFZ AFAT[ ULTFÒDF\ VF D]HA H6FJFI[, K[ ov
EMHG 56 ;F{G[ 5MT5MTFGF :JEFJ VG];FZ +6 5|SFZG]\ UDT]\ CMI
K[P s VP!*q * f
VFI]QI4 A]lâ4 A/4 VFZMuI4 ;]B VG[ 5|LlT JWFZGFZ4 :JFEFlJS
ZLT[ H DGG[ UD[ T[JF VFCFZ ;FltJS HGMG[ l5|I CMI K[P sVP !*q (f VlTXI
S0JF4 BF8F4 BFZF4 TLBF4 E}H [ F4 36F UZD4 NFC HgDFJGFZF VFCZM ZFH;L
\ ,
HGMG[ l5|I CMI K[P sVP !*q )f
JF;L4 :JFNlJCLG4 AU0[,]\4 N}UÅW DFZT]\4 V[\9]\ TYF V5lJ+ EMHG
TFD;LHGMG[ l5|I CMI K[P sVP !*q !_f
p5ZGL jIFbIFDF\ N}W ;FltJS VFCFZ U6L XSFIP 5Z\T] V[ bIF, ZC[ S[
N}W H[G[ 56 EUJFG[ VF5[, K[ T[G[ T[GF ArRF DF8[ VF5[, K[P VFYL VgI
DFTFG]\ N}W V[ VFCFZ H GYLP H[YL UFI4 E[\;4 ASZL4 3[\8F S[ VgI 5|F6LVMG]\
N]W DFGJ DF8[ ;FltJS4 ZFH;L S[ TFD;LGM ;JF, H ZC[TM GYLP
X\SF o ()
VFCFZGL ;ZBFD6L VF56[ 5X] ;FY[ SZJL JFHAL K[ m
;DFWFG ov
;'lQ8GF ;H"GCFZ[ H04 JG:5lT4 5X] VG[ DFGJ HUT AGFjIFP
T[DF\ DFGJ ;JM"tS'Q8 S'lT K[P ;ZBFD6L ;DFG ;FY[ SZJL Ô[.V[P
pNJ"UlT .ZKGFZ[ 5MTFGFYL p\RF :YFG[ CMI T[GL ;FY[ ;ZBFD6L SZJL
118
Apd, `p¨Q ifufp°dp¨ d_ h√Q° R>°. bpL$u_p Qpf°e ifufp° D`f d__y¨
‚cy–h R>° Ap\u d__p° klL$pf lp°hp° Qp°Ω$k S>Í$fu R>°. `Z lL$pfp–dL$ hgZ
dp”\u fp°N dV$i° [°hy¨ dp_hy¨ c|g cf°gy¨ R>°.
"lz¨ r_fp°Nu Ry>¨', "lz¨ r_fp°Nu Ry>¨' A°hy¨ tS>]$Nucf bp°Îep L$fuA°, d__° LdpfiX
Ap‡ep L$fuA° R>[p¨ r_fp°Nu \hpi° _lv. DgV$p¨_p fp°Np° h^i°.
≈° cp°S>_‚\pdp ky^pfp° _ Lep£, [p°.
"lz¨ tkl Ry>¨', "lz¨ tkl Ry>¨' A°d tS>]$Nu ApMu ≈° riepm fV$ep L$f° [p°
[° tkl b_u S>[p° _\u. A_° S>° tkl S> R>° [°Z° Aphy¨ fV$Z fV$hp_u S>Í$f lp°[u
_\u. Aphu b^u c∞dZp¨Ap°dp¨ cdu S>hpe Qp°L$L$k `Z [° `rfZpd]$peu _ fl°.
dpV°$ k–e kdS>hy¨ S>Í$fu R>°.
 –epN\u kyM R>° - cp°N\u ]y$:M R>°.
 ‚\d –epNp°, `R>u cp°Nhp°.

kyM Ap`hp\u kyM dm° R>°, ]y$:M g°hp\u ]y$:M cpN° R>°.
 dp_h ]°$l cp°N dpV°$ _\u, ‚cy ‚pr· dpV°$ R>°.
i¨L$p 82 :
Ap`Zp bp`-]$p]$p Ou-]|$^ [°dS> fp¨^°g cp°S>_ S> Mp[p R>[p¨ kp°-kp°
hjÆ [¨]y$fı[ ΔÏep [p° [° bpb[ iy¨ kdS>hy¨ ?
kdp^p_ :
Ap`Z° kp• ≈ZuA° R>uA° L°$ S>° L¨$B cp•q[L kNhX$p° h^u R>° [°
R>°Îgp 100-150 hjÆdp¨ S> h^u R>° A_° Mpk L$fu_° cpf[dp¨ [p° 50-
60 hjÆdp¨ S>. [° `l°gp_p° kde A_° ApS>_p° kdedp¨ [dpd ı[f° Apkdp_
- S>du__p° a°f R>°. –epf° A_pS> ≈[° ]$mhy¨ `X$[y¨, `pZu cfhp L|$h°
S>hy¨ `X$[y¨, M°[uL$pddp¨ Myb S> ipfuqfL$ Ód l[p°, hpl_p° _ l[p S>°\u
Qpghy¨ afΔep[ l[y¨. ˜u - `yfyj - bpmL$ kp• L$p°BA° ipfuqfL$ Ód L$fhp°
afΔep[ l[p°.
107
 cp°S>_ kp]y¨$ l[y¨ - iyŸ l[y¨ - fpkperZL$ Mp[f L°$ S>¨[y_piL$ ]$hp_p° D`ep°N
\[p° _ l[p°. `pZu iyŸ l[y¨. `pL$_° dm[y¨ `pZu `Z iyŸ l[y¨. HS>°L$i_p° dpfu_°
]|$^ g°hpdp¨ Aph[p _ l[p. HS>°L$i_p° dpfu_° ipL$cpΔ - am_° fp[p°fp[ dp°V$p
L$fhpdp¨ L°$ ıhpq]$Ù$ b_phhpdp¨ Aph[p _lv. q‰S> l[p S> _lv, S>°\u hpku Mp°fpL$
Mhp[p° _lv.
V[J\] SCL XSFI S[ cc tIFZ[ ,MSM 3ZDF\ BFTF G[ ACFZ HFTF s;\0F;fccP
HIFZ[ VFH[ 5lZl:YlT H 5,8F. U. K[ VFH[ ACFZ BFI K[ G[ 3ZDF\
HFI K[ccP
hpl_p° L°$ L$pfMp_pAp° l[p _lv S>°\u hp[phfZ Qp°øMy¨ fl°[y¨. `¨MpAp° L°$
A°fL$sfiX$i_fp° _ l[p, S>°\u Ly$]$f[u hp[phfZdp¨ S> fl°hp_y¨ \[y¨.
S>Í$qfep[p° depÆq]$[ l[u S>°\u `•kp L$dphp_u T¨TV$ _ l[u. kp•_° \p°X$p\u
k¨[p°j l[p°, dp_rkL$ [Zph_y¨ L$pfZ _ l[y¨.
Apd, ipfuqfL$ Ód h^y l[p°, cp°S>_ ‚dpZdp¨ kp]y¨$ A_° iyŸ l[y¨, `epÆhfZ
iyŸ l[y¨, dp_rkL$ ip¨r[ l[u, Ly$]$f[u Δh_ Δh[p l[p. Aphp A_°L$ L$pfZp°kf
[°Ap° fp¨^°g cp°S>_ A_° ]|$^ - Ou Mp[p lp°hp R>[p¨ ‚dpZdp¨ [¨]y$fı[ flu iL$[p
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EMHGGF 5|SFZ D]HA JHG VF5MVF5 H~ZL ,[J,[ VFJLG[ l:YZ Y. HX[P
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5LJ]\ H Ô[.V[4 VF AWF E|FgT J{7FlGS bIF,M K[P
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N}Wv3LGM ;CFZM ,[JM Ô[.V[ G[ m
;DFWFG o v NF\T S[ CF0SFGL JFT VFJ[ V[8,[ S[<XLID VFJ[
HP VG[ S[<XLID VFJ[ V[8,[ N}W VFJ[ HP VF ;J" ;FDFgI DFgITF A\WF.
U. K[P
XZLZG]\ Ë[.D JS" V[8,[ CF0SFP DSFG S[ ALÔ SM.56 — :8=SRZ˜
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Ë[.DJS" GA/]\ 50I]\ 4 TM VFB]\ DF/B]\ S00E}; ¦ VFYL ;FZF :8=SRZ,
V[lgHlGIZ JW] 50TL O[S8Z VMO ;[O8L ZFBLG[ Ë[.DJS" TM V[SND DHA}T
H AGFJ[P EUJFG[ VF56F XZLZG]\ DF/B]\ AGFjI]\4 T[DF\ CF0SF ;F{YL
DHA}T AGFjIFP D'T XZLZG[ NF8JF S[ AF/JFDF\ VFJ[4 tIFZ[ 56 CF0SF
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111
 VFD TM EUJFG[ XZLZGF TDFD V\U p5F\UM 5}ZTL O[S8Z VMO ;[O8L
ZFBLG[ H AGFjIF K[P H[YL D]tI]5IÅÅT T[G[ JF\WM G VFJJM Ô[.V[[P KTF\
CSLST p,8L K[P CF0S]\ SNL EF\U[ H GCL \ T[JF ,RL,F AGFJ[, K[P T[ NAFI
ÔI4 J/L ÔI 56 A8S[ GCL \ T[JF AGFJ[, K[P VFD KTF\ W6F ,MSMGF DF[8[
EFU[ TDFD DFGJLGF CF0SF H[D H[D êDZ JWTL YFI T[D AZ04
5M,F6JF/F VG[ H,NL A8SL ÔI T[JF Y. ÔI K[P CFYL H[JF CFYL S[ 5KL
E[\;4 A/N JU[Z[GF CF0SF DF6;GF CF0SF H[8,F ;C[,F.YL T}8TF GYLP
T[DGF CF0SF DF\ S]NZTL ,RL,F56]\4 GZDF.4 lRSFX JU[Z[ H/JF. ZC[ K[P
GCÄ TM T[VMGF CF0SF TM JW] EF\UJF Ô[.V[P VF56[ Ô[. Ô[.G[ 5U D}SLV[
KLV[P T[DG[ TM V\WFZFDF\ 56 JUZ 5|SFX[ RF,J]\ 50T]\ CMI K[P DFGL ,.V[
S[ T[VM 56 Ô[. Ô[.G[ 5U D}S[ K[ TM 56 VFU/GF 5U Ô[.G[ D}SL XS[P
5FK,F 5UG]\ X]\ m T[ TM S[8,LI[ JBT BF0FDF\ 50TF CX[P J/
L A/N S[ VgI 5X] JHG p\RSLG[ 56 RF,TF CMJF KTF\ T[DGF CF0SF
EF\UJFGF AGFJM BF; AGTF GYLP HIFZ[ DF6; TM :C[H 3ZDF\ H ,5;L
ÔI4 TM I CF0S]\ A8SL ÔI K[P BM8F BMZFSG]\ VF 5lZ6FD K[P EUJFG[
VF5[, EMHG lJS'T SZLG[ BFW]\ T[DH G BFJFG]\ BFW]\4 H[YL CF0SFDF\ sVG[
XZLZGF TDFD V\Uvp5F\UMDF\ 56f lJS'lT VFJL VG[ G YJFG]\ YIF SZ[ K[P
V[J]\ ,FU[ K[ S[ DF6;GL A]lwW H AU0L K[P UFZ sDF8Lf GF p5IMUYL
AGFJ[, DSFG VG[S ZLT[ ;]lJWFI]ST CT]\ H[GL HuIFV[ ,MB\0 l;D[g8GM
p5IMU SZLG[ 9\0LvUZDLG]\ JFCS AGFJL NLW]\P lJ8=LOF.0 H[JL 8F.<;
JF5ZLG[ ,5;L 50FI T[JL OZ; AGFJL NLWLP VFD4 CF0SF EF\UJFGL TSM
pH/L SZL NLWLP VUFp 3ZG]\ BF.G[ ACFZ HTF s;\0F;f CJ[ ACFZG]\
BF.G[ 3ZDF\ ÔI K[P VF ZLT[ DF\NULGL TSM JW] v pH/L AGFJL NLWLP CFY[
SZLG[ C[ZFG YJFGM Ô6[ S[ DG;]AM SZL ,LWM K[P 5KL SM6 ARFJL XS[ m
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T[ Ô[0JFG]\ SFD SM. 0F"S8Z4 CF0J{W S[ NJF SZTF\ GYLP T[ SFI" TM EUJFG
H SZ[ K[P sH[G[ 5|F6XlST S[ ALH]\ H[ S\. GFD VF5J]\ CMI T[ VF5L XSFIPf
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Ô[0F6G]\ SFD ;]jIJl:YT VG[ H,NL SZL XS[P 5|F6XlSTG[ OFH, SZL
XSJFGM ;F{YL ;C[,M ::TM K[ o 5FRG VG[ lGQSF;G SFI" BFJFG]\ A\W SZL
N[JFDF\ VFJ[4 TM VF XSI K[P V[8,[ H TM VFI]J["NDF\ SC[JFI]\ K[ S[ ov
112
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GM 5RJFDF\ EFZ[ BMZFS ,.G[ 5|F6XlSTG[ 5FRG VG[ lGSF,DF\ ZMSL
ZFBJFG[ AN,[[ p5JF; SZJFDF\ VFJX[4 TM H,NL ;F~\ 5lZ6FD D/X[P
;\5}6" p5JF; XSI G AG[ tIFZ[ ,L,F5FG GM Z; 5LJMP CF0SF GF Ô[0F6
DF8[ N}Wv3LDF\YL D/TF S[<XLIDGL SM. H H~Z GYLP CF0S]\ S\. DF+
S[<XLIDYL H AG[, GYLP VG[ Ô[0F6 S[<XLIDYL H YFI K[ T[J]\ 56 GYLP
T[GF DF8[ H~ZL Z;FI6M 5|F6XlST XZLZGF VgI Z;FI6MDF\YL AGFJL ,[
K[P 5Z\T] VFJF AWF JWFZFGF SFI" DF8[ T[G[ H[ ;DI VG[ XlSTGL H~Z 50[
T[ OF/JL XS[ T[ DF8[ T[G[ VgI SFIM"DF\YL OFH, SZJL ZCLP
VF DF+ TS" GYLP 5MTFGL ÔT 5Z 5|IMUM SZ[, K[ T[GF VG]EJM
VF5 Ô6L XSM T[ DF8[ VCÄ GFD G\AZ VF5[, K[ o
s!f .gN]A[G EFIFEF. S[XJF/F v ÔDGUZ
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5|SFZGL XFZLlZS TS,LO YFI4 S[ T]ZT H — ,F\36˜ X~ SZL N[J\] Ô[.V[P H[YL
5FRG VG[ lGSF,GM T[8,F 5|DF6GM AMHvVMKM YTF\ 5|F6XlST XZLZG[
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113
Ap`_p¨ _ΔL$_p¨ dpNÆ]$iÆL$p°
(24) k|”p`pX$p - (h°fphm) : Óu cph°i ‚p°. ıV$p°f - 9824894019
(25) hX$p°]$fp : Óu S>e¨[cpC V$u. `V°$g - 0265 - 2647987 / 2633894
(26) hX$p°]$fp : Óu `u.bu. `V°$g - 9925208794
(27) hp`u : Óu rb`u_cpC Adu_ - 9825118482
(28) h°fphm : Óu ƒe¨r[cpC ≈fkpZuep - 9428842209
Óu rl[°jcpC dp°l_cpC fpW$p°X$ - 9924694969
(29) hu≈`yf : Óu bpbycpC L$piufpdcpC `V°$g - 9427071932
(30) huk_Nf : Óu dl°icpC `vX$pfuep - 9428665612
Óu ApiujcpC `V°$g - 9429482600
(31) dy¨bC : Óu Ar_gcpC Qp•lpZ - 09820522007 (bp°fuhgu)
Óu NufuicpC ]$p°iu - 09324032083 (OpV$L$p°`f)
Óu fpSy>cpC kfh•ep - 09892318116 (dgpX$)
Óu d_kyMcpC `V°$g - 09967052582 (dygyfiX$)
(32) dy¨bC : Óudr[ AÎ`pb°_ kyr_gcpC _pNX$p - 9890944366
(33) \pZp (dy¨bC) : Óudr[ Np°kfpZu d¨Sy>gpb°_ L°$ihΔ - 9324001556
(34) hkC fp°X$ (Δ.\pZ°) : Óu Apf. hu. Qp•lpZ - 9323030824
(3`) S>gNp¨h : Óu _¨]$gpg hu. `V°$g - 9423187052
(36) _pkuL$ : zLDlT CQFF"A[G SM9FZL v )Z*!ZZ$(_Z
(37) ]$p`p°gu (f–_pNufu) : Óu Np•—dcpC L°$. `V°$g - 9028499088 / 9423286961
(38) _p_u ]$dZ : Óu d_kyMcpC hu. `V°$g - 9427864232
(39) fpS>kd_ (fpS>ı\p_) : Óu grg[cpC - 09414172008
(40) EM5F, (M.P.) zL EUJFGN[J .;ZFGL v )$Z5_!&5&5
(41) ]y$bC : Óud[u cph_pb°_ X$p¨Nfuep - + 971553486060
Óud[u k¨¬epb°_ L$p°P$uep + 971507636624
Óud[u ‚opb°_ + 971507636625
ipf≈l : Óud[u _u[pb°_ 971507561494
(42) `pqL$ı[p_ : Óu AL$ug Al°d]$ : 0507455957
(43) g¨X$_ : Óu L$Î`_pb°_ S>°. ipl - 00442035929956 / 00447424111845
(44) L$°_°X$p : Óu i¨L$fcpC Δ. `V°$g - 001-416-749-2422
(45) ey.A°k.A°. : Óu lqfh]$_ dZugpg `V°$g - 001-252-721-3521
S-5
164
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V\T GYLP
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129
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,1F ;]WL 5CM\RFT]\ GYL4 5|lUT YTL GYLP VFU/vVFU/ GJLvGJL êRF.
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W\WFDF\ 56 YM0[YL X~VFT SZL4 WLZ[ WLZ[ VFU/ JWTF\ JWTF\ DM8F
W\WFNFZL AGL XSFI K[[P
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— T5v;[JFv;]lDZG˜ GL ;FWGFG[ 56 VF H lGID ,FU] 50[ T[
:JFEFlJS H K[P
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JQFM"YL VF ;FWGF SZL ZæF K[ T[ VF\GNGL JFT K[4 T[ ;FZL lGXFGL K[P BFZF
;D]ãDF\ DL9L lJZ0L ;DFG K[P 5Z\T] ;FWS H[GL T[ l:YlTV[ ZC[ T[ S[8,]\
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K[ o — p5JF;˜P VFYL p5JF;G]\ 5|DF6 56 JWFZTF HJ]\ Ô[.V[ VG[ 5MTFGL
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T[DH W|J] JU[Z[ VG[S pNFCFZ6 VF56L ;D1F K[ HP
— ;[JF ˜ GL AFAT[ 56 VF H lGID ,FU] 50[ K[P ;[JFDF\ HIF\YL 56
X~VFT SZL CMI4 tIF\YL VFU/ JWTF JWTF 8MR 5Z 5CM\RJ]\ Ô[.V[ H[
DF8[ SM. DIF"NF VF\SL XSFI GCÄP
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AN,[ ;ZJF/FvAFNAFSL4 U]6FSFZ4 EFUFSFZ lXBTFvlXBTF V3ZFDF\ V3ZF
NFB,FVM U6TF Y. ÔI4 V3ZFDF\ V3ZF SMI0FVM pS[,TF Y. ÔIP
130
Ap`_p¨ _ΔL$_p¨ dpNÆ]$iÆL$p°
(1) Adf°gu : Óu bu. hu. Qp•lpZ - 02792 - 226869
(2) Ad]$php]$ : 1. Óu q]$_°icpC A°_. `V°$g - 9825018933
2. zL lNl,5EF. P5LP58[, v ))Z5&)((_!
#P zL D]SX [ EF. 9SSZ v )(*)%F(Z)!!
(3) ApZ¨]$ : Óu Apf. A°k. `fdpf - 9825717775
(4) b¢¡gp°f : 1. Óu r`∞epb°_ .hu.Lpgu_p_u-8884407043
2. Óu dp°fpfΔcpC `V°$g-09448384475
3. Óu fd°icpC hpNX$uep - 09845375577
(5) cÍ$Q : Óu `u.S>°. `V°$g - dp°. 9725017591
(6) cph_Nf : Óu dl°fi÷Ly$dpf `p°`V$gpg bp°kduep - dp°. 94274 56755
Óu cS>_cpB rLd[pZu - (0278) 2522221
(7) ≈dM¨cpmuep : Óu rh_ycpC L$p°V°$Qp - 9428318411
(8) ≈d_Nf : Óu `u. hu. Mp°gu$ep - 0288 - 2568780, dp°.9408318654
(9) S>°[`yzf `phu : (rS>.hX$p°]$fp) Óu Ar_cpC A°k. cN[ - 9726085740
(10) Sy>_pNY$ : Óu S>_L$cpC D√QpV$ - 0285 - 2625661
(11) L$p°X$u_pf : Óu r_g°i A°Q. h•ÛZh - dp°.9898171855
(12) M°X$b∞˚p : Óu MudΔcpC dphΔcpC `V°$g - dp°.9428770960
(13) dlzhp : Óu r_[°iLy$dpf i°W$ - 9924633037
(14) DMZAL o zL lNG[XEF. ZFDÒEF. ,MNZLIF v ))!#($*!*$
(15) _X$uep]$ : Óu rb`u_cpC hL$ug - 9825141202
(16) _hkpfu : Óu r”L$dcpC cgkp°X$ - 09974063094
(17) `pgu[pZp : Óu fp°rl[cpC Np°V$u - 9227772246
(18) `p°fb¨]$f : Óu rh_p°]$cpC L$p°V°$Qp - 9427228501
(19) fpS>L$p°V$ : Óu ‚[p`cpC Qp•lpZ - 9998954665
Óu rhÃ$gcpC `p¨QpZu - 9879964411
(20) fpSy>gp : Óu fdZuL$cpC Np°fX$uep - 9824289732
(21) kphfLy¨$X$gp : Óu d_p°S>cpC fd°icpC Np°l°g - 9428618333
(22) rilp°f : Óu _e_cpC ≈fphpgp - 9898816916 / 9428431928
(23) kyf[ : Óu L$pmycpC kphrgep - 9979470862
Óu dl°fi÷cpC L$p°fpV$ - 9375723408
163
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BFW]\P H[D S[ DF\;4 DFK,L4 ®\ 0F4 N}W T[DH N}WGL AGFJ8MP VF p5ZF\T H[
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'Work in pregress, sorry for inconvinience.'
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151
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