Chapter 8 (Physics 1 Year) Waves WAVES, Q# 1. Define the term wave. Aas. Wave sth ditties priced ina medium which swe tansport energy fom on pit loanober without ranporing mater (#2. Dierenateamwng mechanical an electromagnetic waves As There re wo main pes of waves 1. Macaca Waves ~ 2. Blectromagnetic Waves oo ‘Mechanical Waves ‘The waves which require any medium for their propagation by the ooh Of material particles are called mechanical waves e.g, sound waves, water waves ete. 6 Electromagnetic Waves ‘The waves don't require any medium for their propagation electromagnetic waves ‘These waves propagate out in space due to oscillations of eletrc anki field. Some examples of electromagnetic waves are visible light, radio waves, televisigy/sgnals, and x-rays. Oda wa eget at rere ready meno Ans. A wave, which transfers eneray by moving awy Rin the source of dislibae, is called a 1. Transverse Waves Ny 2. Longitudinal Waves Yr ‘Transverse Waves oe ‘A traveling wave that cayagCthe elements ofthe isiitbed medium to move perpendicular to Sang © (a) Transverse wave Sona A traveling wave that causes the elements of the medium to move parallel to the direction of Waves propagation is called a longitudinal wave, ihn ovoranneansnnuitinnNAnnnLANN (b) Longitudinal wave FecOnlineinfo| Chapter No. & 00 e0oy approach to Intermediate | According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI Available Online @ http://www.fsconline inChapter 8 (Physics 1 Year) Waves ‘Q#4. What do you know about periodie waves. Ans, Continuous, regular and rhythmic disturbance in a medium result from periodic vibrations of the source causes the periodic waves in the medium. Q#S. Describe the different properties of transverse periodic waves. Ans. Consider a string whose left end is connected to a blade that is set vibrating. The wave travels, towards right as the crest and trough in turn, replace each other. Every part of the string, such as point P, oscillates vertically with simple harmonic motion. 4 be ef — : \ Amplitude ‘The maximum displacemQ¥Of an element of the tedium from equilibrium position is called the amplitude of the wave. Wavelength Y Tin dmogptvcen two coment A wong of x wef ale wmvelength aad denoted by the sPiyBOl 2. Time Pe period Tof a wa¥e ithe ime interval required for the wave to travel one wavelength. ey ‘The frequency of a periodic wave is the number of crests (or troughs) that pass a given point in a unit time interval. The frequency fof a wave is related to the period T' by the expression: 1 7 Q#6. Derive the expression for the Speed of Wave through a medium. ‘Ans. Consider a crest of wave moves one wavelength A in one period of oscillation T . The speed of the crest is therefore: Foe Cntineinfo Chapter No. 8 approach te Intermediate } According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI awn * vale Sie Phun fconlninChapter 8 (Physics 1 Year) Waves Distance Moved Corresponding ‘Thus the equation (1 becomes vafa er eee mn ene er ee XN Ans. Consider a coil of sping capable of vibrating horizontally. Sypose an osilting Ga) is cpl ois ens hizonall. The foe wl aera shan amps the A ey ‘waves are also called the compressional waves. Theses compressions and raref are represented by corresponding crests and troughs as shown in the figure: 9 #8. Describe the formula for the speed of sound in term Si wiodulus of elasticity of the medium. 2 ‘Ans. The speed of sound waves depends on the compres a ‘and inertia of theiedium through which they are travelling, If the medium has wits by: . 5 ~\ - (1) 7 lus for air, Newtof Assumed that when a sound wave travels, E and density ain, Speed v is given PV —PAV #VAP —APAV ge —PAV +VAP—APAV =0. product APAV is very small and can be neglected. So the above equation becomes: =>—-PAV +VAP=0 => PAV =VAP _VAP__AP. "AV AVIV approach te Intermediate } According to Syllabus Of Punjab Text Book Board For Class XI awn * vale Sie Phun fconlnin